注：不含主觀題第1題單選題(1分)Themethodsoftakingpathologicaltissueforlivingtissueexaminationinclude()AExtractBAspirationCGrippingDLocalcuttingEAlloftheabove正確答案：E第2題單選題(1分)Regardingautopsy,whichofthefollowingdescriptionsisnotcorrect?()AThroughautopsy,wecanaccumulatescientificresearchmaterialsandpromotethedevelopmentofmedicalscienceBItcanoftenhelptofindoutthecauseofdiseaseandimprovethequalityofclinicalworkCItreferstoamethodforpathologicalexaminationoftissuesandorgansofthebodyDItisoneofthebasicresearchmethodsofPathologyEItcanhelptosolvemedicaldisputesormedicallyrelatedlegaldisputes第3題單選題(1分)Exfoliativecytologycanbeusedforexamination()AFineneedleaspirationBUrineCSputumDHydrothoraxandascitesEAlloftheabove正確答案：E第4題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsisincorrectaboutanimalexperiments?()ATheresultsofanimalexperimentscanbedirectlyappliedtohumanbodyBTosomeextent,wecanunderstandtheefficacyandinfluenceofdrugsorotherfactorsonacertaindiseaseCItcanbetakencontinuouslyinstagestounderstandthedevelopmentprocessofthediseaseDAnimalmodelsofcertaindiseasescanbereproducedinsuitableanimalsEWecanuseanimalstostudytheetiologyandpathogenesisofdiseases第5題單選題(1分)Themostwidelyusedpathologicalresearchmethodinclinicis()AAnimalexperimentsBAutopsyCTissueandcellcultureDBiopsyENucleicacidhybridizationtechnology第6題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsisnotaresearchareaofpathology?()AThechangesoffunctionandmetabolismofthediseasedbodyBThemorphologicalandstructuralchangesofpathologicaltissueCPathogenesisDEtiologyETreatmentofdisease正確答案：E第7題單選題(1分)Theeasiestwaytostudythegrowthcharacteristicsoftumorcellsis()ACellandtissuecultureBElectronmicroscopeobservationCAnimalexperimentsDNucleicacidmolecularhybridizationEStereology第8題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingcannotbestudiedbytissueculture?()AEffectsofdrugsoncellsBCancerationofcellsCReplicationofhumandiseasemodelsDChromosomalvariationEVirusreplication第9題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsoftissuecultureisincorrect?()AThedevelopmentofdiseasecanbeobservedandstudiedinvitroBTheresultsoftissuecultureareconsistentwiththeprocessinvivoCQuickresultsDSavetimeEShortcycle第10題單選題(1分)Thereasonwhypathologyiscalledthebridgedisciplineis()ACanguidethepreventionandtreatmentofdiseasesBIthasaverycloserelationshipwithbasicsubjectsCItiscloselyrelatedtoclinicalscienceDNeitherBnorCEBothBandC正確答案：E第11題判斷題(1分)IntheexperimentalstudyofPathology,theresultsoftissueorcellculturearecompletelyconsistentwiththeprocessinvivo.()第12題判斷題(1分)Atpresent,allhumandiseasescanbereplicatedinanimals.()第13題判斷題(1分)Becausethenatureofpathologicalchangescannotbedeterminedbynakedeyeexamination,itisnotnecessarytoobservethespecimensbythenakedeyes.()第14題判斷題(1分)Histochemistrytechnologycanbeusedtodoqualitative,quantitativeandlocatingresearchonchemicalcomponentssuchasproteinsintissuesandcells.()第15題判斷題(1分)Althoughimmunohistochemistrycandetectthepresenceanddistributionofunknownantigens,itcannotreplacetheroutineparaffinsection.()Exercises第1題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingispathologicalhypertrophy?()AHypertrophyofuterusduringpregnancyBBreasthypertrophyinlactationCCardiachypertrophycausedbyhypertensionDAthlete'smuscularhypertrophyENoneoftheaboveistrue第2題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowinglesionsdoesnotbelongtotheadaptivechangeofcellsandtissues?()AAtrophyBHypertrophyCCalcificationDHyperplasiaEMetaplasia第3題單選題(1分)Observethesurfaceofbrainspecimenwithnakedeyes.Thecharacteristicchangesofbrainatrophyare()ADeepsulcusandnarrowgyrusBNarrowingofsulcusandwideningofgyrusCDeepersulcusandwidergyrusDShallowsulcusandnarrowgyrusENarrowingofsulcusandflatteningofgyrus第4題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingiscompensatoryhypertrophy?()AThyromegalyinpatientswithhyperthyroidismBPregnantuterusCUnilateralnephrectomy,contralateralnephromegalyDLactationmammaryglandETheenlargedskeletalmuscleiscausedbyhyperplasiaoffibers,fatandbloodvessels第5題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingisnotmetaplasia?()AThecolumnarepitheliumchangesintotransitionalepitheliumBThetransitionalepitheliumchangesintosquamousepitheliumCTheepitheliumofthestomachchangestointestinalepithelium.DFibroblastsosteoblastsEFibroblast(fibroblasts)changesintofibroblast正確答案：E第6題單選題(1分)Balloonlikecellsaremostcommonin()AheartBliverCkidneyDbrainESkeletalmuscle第7題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutsteatosis?()Asevereanemiacancausemyocardialcellsteatosis.Bsevereanemiacancausefattydegenerationofrenaltubularepithelialcells.Cchroniclivercongestioncancauselivercellsteatosis.Dphosphoruspoisoningcancauselivercellsteatosis.Eexcessiveintakeoffatcanleadtocardiomyocytesteatosis.正確答案：E第8題單選題(1分)"Tigerspotheart"referstothemacroscopicmorphologicalchangeofmyocardialcellsinwhichofthefollowinglesions?()AOedemaBSteatosisCMyxosisDAmyloidosisEPigmentaccumulation第9題單選題(1分)Whenhyalinedegenerationoccursinhepatocytes,whichofthefollowingcanbeseen()ARussellbodyBNegribodyCVerocaybodyDAschoffbodyEMallorybody正確答案：E第10題單選題(1分)Thethreemostrepresentativechangesofcellnecrosisare()ANuclearmembranerupture,nuclearfragmentation,cytoplasmicconcentrationB.Nucleolysis,cytoplasmicpaucityandmembraneruptureBNucleardissolution,cytoplasmicconcentrationandmembraneruptureCNuclearpyknosis,cytoplasmicpyknosis,cellmembraneshrinkageDNuclearpyknosis,nuclearfragmentation,nucleardissolution第11題單選題(1分)Coagulativenecrosisoccursinthefollowingorgans,except()AheartBliverCspleenDkidneyEbrain正確答案：E第12題單選題(1分)Caseousnecrosisisthecharacteristiclesionofwhichofthefollowingdiseases?()ATyphoidfeverBLeprosyCTuberculosisDRheumatismEAmebiasis第13題判斷題(1分)Thevolumeofcellsinatrophictissuesandorgansisreduced.()第14題判斷題(1分)Hypertrophyandhyperplasiaareindependentchanges.()第15題判斷題(1分)Thephagocyteswithhemosiderininthecytoplasmofthelungarecalledheartfailurecells.()第16題判斷題(1分)Celldeathincludesnecrosisandapoptosis.()第17題判斷題(1分)Theprocessoffibrosisofnecrosisorotherforeignbodiesismechanization.()Exercises第1題單選題(1分)Unstablecellrefersto()ACellsthatarenotvulnerableBCellseasytoregeneratecompletelyafterinjuryCCellsthatcannotregenerateafterinjuryDCellsthatarenoteasytoregeneratecompletelyafterinjuryECellchangesafterinjury第2題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingcellshastheweakestregenerationability?()ARenaltubularepithelialcellsBSweatglandcellCOsteocyteDEndocrinecellECardiacmyocyte正確答案：E第3題單選題(1分)Generally,whichoneisnotingranulationtissue?()ACollagenfiberBNervefiberCElasticfiberDPhagocyteEExogenousforeignbody第4題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingispathologicalregeneration?()APeriodicshedding,hyperplasiaandrepairofendometriumBTherenewalofmucousepitheliumofdigestivetractCRepairofskindefectbysurroundingepithelialhyperplasiaDRenewalofbloodcellsENoneoftheabove第5題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingcellshasthestrongestregenerationability?()AHepatocytesBSalivaryglandCCardiacmyocyteDEpithelialcellsofgastrointestinalmucosaENervecell第6題單選題(1分)Theprocessofrepairingtissuedefectbygranulationtissuegrowthiscalled()APrimaryhealingBSecondaryhealingCWoundhealingDRegenerationEFibrousrepair正確答案：E第7題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingisthecharacteristicofwoundsecondaryhealing?()ASmallwoundBUncleanwoundwithinfectionCSurgicalincisionDLessgranulationtissueELittlescarformation第8題單選題(1分)Whichofthefollowingisprimarywoundhealing?()AExtensiveburnBAfterdebridementCGangreneoflowerextremityDBedsoreEGunshotwound第9題單選題(1分)Themainreasonforgranulationtobegranularbynakedeyeis()AThenewcapillarynetworkislooplikeBFocalaggregationofnewcapillariesCAlargenumberofinflammatorycellsfocusDInfection,inflammatoryedemaEFocalaggregationoffibroblasts第10題單選題(1分)Themaincomponentsofanti-infectionofgranulationtissueare()ACapillariesBFibroblastsCInflammatorycellDExtracellularmatrixEMyofibroblasts第11題判斷題(1分)Theinflammatorycellsingranulationweremainlyneutrophils.()第12題判斷題(1分)Cardiomyocytesbelongtostablecells.()第13題判斷題(1分)Fibrousrepaircanonlybecompletedbytheproliferationofgranulationtissue.()第14題判斷題(1分)Theearlierexerciseafterfracture,thebetterfracturehealing.()第15題判斷題(1分)Afterpartialhepatectomy,hepatocytescanregeneratetorestoretheiroriginalsize.()Exercises第1題單選題(1分)Heartfailurecellsarefoundin()AAlveolarcavityinleftheartfailureBAlveolarcavityinrightheartfailureCAlveolarcavityinpulmonaryedemaDIntrahepaticcongestionEInthespleenwhenthespleeniscongested第2題單選題(1分)Theformationofnutmegliverisdueto()ACongestionofhepaticinterlobularveinandhyperplasiaofconnectivetissueBDiffusepunctatehemorrhageofliverintersectswithnormalhepatocytesCNecrosisofhepatocytesandhyperplasiaofconnectivetissueDCongestionofcentralveinandhepaticsinusesandsteatosisofhepatocytesEBleedingintheportalarea第3題單選題(1分)Thrombosisrefersto()ATheprocessbywhichbloodclotstoformsolidmassesBTheprocessofbloodclottingtoformsolidmassinlivingtissueCCoagulationofbloodcomponentsincardiovascularcavitytoformsolidmassDInthewholecardiovascularcavityoflivingbody,bloodcoagulatesorsomevisiblecomponentsinbloodsticktogethertoformsolidmassECoagulationofredbloodcellsinvivotoformsolidmass第4題單選題(1分)Thesequenceofcontinuousthrombosisis()AWhitethrombus,mixedthrombus,redthrombusBMixedthrombus,redthrombusandwhitethrombusCRedthrombus,whitethrombus,mixedthrombusDMixedthrombus,whitethrombusandredthrombusERedthrombus,mixedthrombus,whitethrombus第5題單選題(1分)Thescalphematomaisreplacedbygranulationtissue,whichiscalled()AGranulationtissueformationBOrganizationCGranulomaformationDHyalinedegenerationofconnectivetissueEFibrosis第6題單選題(1分)Patientswhodiedofdisseminatedintravascularcoagulationduringtoxicshockcanbeseeninlung,kidney,brainandothertissuesectionsafterautopsy()AWhitethrombusBRedthrombusCMixedthrombusDTransparentthrombusEMuralthrombus第7題單選題(1分)Theformationofnewbloodvesselscommunicatingwiththeoriginallumenintheorganizedthrombuscanrestorepartofthebloodflow.Thisphenomenoniscalled()AThrombusabscissionBCollateralcirculationformationCThrombusorganizationDThrombosclerosisERecanalization正確答案：E第8題單選題(1分)Theembolusofpulmonaryembolismgenerallycomefrom()AThrombusofaccessorywallofleftatriumBVerrucousthrombusofmitralvalveCThrombusofportalveinDThrombusinvenoussystemorrightheartEThrombusofarteryandleftatrium第9題單選題(1分)Whichoneiseasilycausedfordiverstorisefromthebottomoftheseatothesurfacetoofast?()AAtelectasisoflungBEmphysemaCAirembolismDCO2embolismENitrogenembolism正確答案：E第10題單選題(1分)Themaincharacteristicsoftheinfarctsofspleenandkidneyareasfollows()AMostofthemareintheshapeofmap,grayandwhite,withclearboundariesBMostofthemareIrregularshape,darkred,unclearboundaryCMostofthemarewedge-shaped,darkred,unclearboundaryDMostofthemareintheshapeofmap,darkred,unclearboun