Unit3詞匯精講精煉目錄TOC\o"13"\h\z\u連詞成段 1精講精煉 2honour 2determination 2injury 3failure 4pete 4giveup 5makesense 5cut...out 6ealong 7workout 8pretend 8pare...with/to... 9stress 9重點(diǎn)單詞 10重點(diǎn)短語 11單詞派生 11連詞成段HonourandDetermination:FightThroughChallengesInthesportsarena,honouranddeterminationdriveeverypetitor.WhenIdecidedtopeteinthemarathon,stressweighedonme,butIrefusedtogiveup.Duringtraining,anunexpectedinjurystruck,yetIpretendednothingwaswrong,fearingfailurewoulddefineme.Iparedmyprogresstoothers,wonderingifmyeffortswouldmakesense.Mycoachadvisedmetocutoutexcessivepracticeandworkoutascientificplan.Asracedaycamealong,painsurged,butthesenseofhonourremindedmetoholdon.Failureonceseemedinevitable,buteachstepprovedmydetermination.NowIrealize:lifeisn’taboutparingwithothers,butaboutfightingthroughinjuryandstress,refusingtoyield.Everystruggleheremakessense—it’sthefirethatforgesthespiritofnevergivingup.譯文：在體育賽場(chǎng)上，榮譽(yù)與決心激勵(lì)著每一位競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。當(dāng)我決定參加馬拉松時(shí)，壓力如影隨形，但我拒絕放棄。訓(xùn)練中，一次意外傷病突然襲來，可我假裝若無其事，害怕失敗會(huì)成為我的標(biāo)簽。我將自己的進(jìn)步與他人比較，懷疑自己的努力是否有意義。教練建議我減少過度訓(xùn)練，制定科學(xué)的計(jì)劃。隨著比賽日的到來，疼痛陣陣襲來，但榮譽(yù)感提醒我要堅(jiān)持下去。失敗一度看似不可避免，但每一步都在證明我的決心。如今我意識(shí)到：人生不在于與他人比較，而在于戰(zhàn)勝傷病與壓力，絕不屈服。這里的每一次掙扎都有意義——它是鍛造永不言棄精神的火種。精講精煉honourn．榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸派生：honouredadj.受尊敬的搭配：feelitanhonourtodosth做某事感到榮幸inhonourof...of...向……表示敬意；為紀(jì)念……be/feelhonouredtodosth做某事感到榮幸havethehonourofdoing/todosth有幸做某事It’sanhonourforsbtodosth對(duì)某人來說做某事很榮幸。例句：Theschoolhonouredthetopstudentsfortheirexcellentacademicachievementsandmunityservice.學(xué)校表彰了優(yōu)秀學(xué)生，因其優(yōu)異的學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)和社區(qū)服務(wù)。即學(xué)即練1.MichaelJordan,amasterinbasketball,neverlostheartevenifhewasfacedwithfailure,forwhichhewasgreatlyhonoured(honour)．2.PeoplecelebratetheDragonBoatFestivalinhonourofQuYuan,whoisagreatChinesepoet.3.TuYouyouwashonouredwiththeNobelPrizeonOct.5,2015.4.Hetoldhismotherhefeelshonoredtohave(have)enjoyedsuchalongcareer.5.能有寶貴的機(jī)會(huì)在這里發(fā)表演講，我感到非常榮幸。(應(yīng)用文寫作之演講稿)①Itisagreathonourformetohavethepreciousopportunitytodeliveraspeechhere.(itisanhonourforsbtodo)②Ifeelitagreathonourtohavethepreciousopportunitytodeliveraspeechhere.(feelitanhonourtodo)③Ifeelgreatlyhonouredtohavethepreciousopportunitytodeliveraspeechhere.(feelhonouredtodo)determinationn．決心；決定派生：determinev．測(cè)定；決定；確定determinedadj.堅(jiān)決的；有決心的搭配：determineon/upon(doing)sth決定(做)某事withdetermination堅(jiān)決地bedeterminedtodo...決心做……(表示狀態(tài))determinetodo...決定做……(表示動(dòng)作)例句：Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.作為學(xué)校的一名特殊教育老師，我熟悉大衛(wèi)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，并為他堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的決心感到驕傲。即學(xué)即練Hemadedetermined(determine)effortstooverethescandal.Writeapoemabouthowcourage,determination(determine),andstrengthhavehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.Hedeterminedon/uponfacingthefailurebravelyratherthanescapingfromreality.ItwasatthattimethatIdeterminedtogo(go)onworkingonthefarmsothatIcouldhelpsupportmyfamily.Determined(determine)toorganizethethemeclassmeetingwonderfully,IamwritingtoaskyouforadviceonwhichChinesetraditionalculturesattractforeignersmost.injuryn．傷害；損傷派生：injuredadj.受傷的；有傷的injurevt.使受傷；損害搭配：dosbaninjury(＝doaninjurytosb)傷害某人theinjured受傷的人；傷員get/beinjured受傷例句：Itwasthelongtermkneeinjurythatforcedhertogiveupherdreamofbeingaprofessionaldancer.正是長(zhǎng)期的膝蓋損傷迫使她放棄了成為職業(yè)舞者的夢(mèng)想。即學(xué)即練Thecaptainrecoveredfromhisinjuries(injure)soonwiththehelpofskilleddoctorsandnurses.Thearchitectgotinjured(injure)whenhikingtothecastlethroughanarrowpath.Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries(injury).4.Beckhamhasmissedseveralgamesthroughinjury(injure).盡管腿受了傷，他還是決心跑完馬拉松。①Thoughhegot/wasinjuredintheleg,hewasdeterminedtofinishthemarathon.②Thoughinjuredintheleg,hewasdeterminedtofinishthemarathon.(用“連詞＋過去分詞”作狀語改寫)Therescueteamdashedtothespotlikearrows,offeredfirstaidtotheinjured(injure)andthenrushedthemtothenearesthospital.failuren．失??；失敗的人(或事物)派生：failv．失??；不及格搭配：failtodosth沒做成某事endinfailure以失敗告終拓展：failure作可數(shù)名詞，意為“失敗者，失敗的事”；作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“失敗”。類似的詞還有success，surprise，honour，difficulty等。例句：Asaproverbgoes,“Failureisthemotherofsuccess.”Workhard，andyouwillmakeprogress.正如一句諺語說的那樣，“失敗是成功之母”。努力工作，你就會(huì)取得進(jìn)步。即學(xué)即練1.Thetwinsfeltdepressedthattheyfailedtocook(cook)adeliciousMother’sDaybreakfast.2.Theathletedidn’twinamedalorbeeachampion,buttheaudiencedidn’tviewhimasafailure.3.Failure(fail)isrecognisedasthemotherofsuccess,soaslongaswedon’tloseheart,wewillsucceed.4.1.Themarriagewasafailure(fail)andtheybothwantedtobefreeofit.5.Theyfailedtoappreciate(appreciate)significanceoftheprecautions.6.一詞多義：①Asamatteroffact,hethoughtofhimselfasafailure.失敗者②Shewasverysadforhercontinuedfailuretofindajob.失敗petevi.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；對(duì)抗派生：petitionn．競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；競(jìng)賽，比賽petitiveadj.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)心強(qiáng)的；有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的petitorn．競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手；參賽者搭配：petewith/againstsb和某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)peteforsth為……而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)peteinsth在……中競(jìng)爭(zhēng)例句：Although/Though/Whilethiswasapetitiverace,whatreallymatteredwasnotthetitleofchampionshipbutthedeterminationthatparticipantsshowedduringtherace.盡管這是一場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的比賽，但是真正重要的不是冠軍稱號(hào)，而是參與者在比賽中所展示出來的決心。即學(xué)即練Astheyoungestpetitor,Johnwillpeteinthewritingpetitionfortheannualawardofwriting.Hemustbeverypetitivesothathecanwin.(pete)Inthepumpkinfield,Ipetedwith/againstmysiblingstoseekoutthebiggestpumpkin.Thepetition(pete)wasextremelyfierceandatlastwewonthematchnarrowlyby74vs72.Astheyoungestpetitor(pete),Johnwillpeteinthewritingcontestwith/against30othertopstudentsfortheyearlyawardofwriting.Sohemustbeverypetitive(pete)sothathecanwinthepetition(pete).giveup放棄；投降拓展：與give相關(guān)的表達(dá)givein屈服，投降giveout分發(fā)；用光；耗盡giveaway贈(zèng)送；泄露giveoff散發(fā)(光和熱等)givewayto給……讓路givesbahand幫某人一個(gè)忙例句：Notoncedidhegiveuponhisgoal,evenwhenallhispeershadabandonedtheproject.即使所有同行都放棄了項(xiàng)目，他也從未放棄過自己的目標(biāo)。即學(xué)即練1.Althoughhedidn’tadmitthathehadcheatedintheexam,hisfacialexpressiongavehimaway.2.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothwhichgivesofflightinthedark.3.Thoughhavingfailedmanytimes,theydidn’tgiveupandfinallydeliciouspopcornwasmade.4.Seeingthetwins’disappointedfaces,thefatherwillinglygavethemahandtocookbreakfastandwhisperedgently,“Mydearchildren,don’tgiveintothetemporarydifficulty.”5.Jane’senergyhadgivenout.Herfeetfeltasheavyasleadandsheslumpedbesideatree,weepingwithoutcontrol.6.Mostpeoplequitbeforetheresultappears;theygiveuptoosoonandaquitterneverwins.7.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothwhichgivesoff/outlightinthedark.makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚拓展：與make相關(guān)的短語makeup組成；補(bǔ)償；編造；化妝；和解makeupfor...彌補(bǔ)...makefor走向；沖向makeit獲得成功；準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)makeone’swayto前往，去makesenseof弄懂……的意思makea/nodifference有/沒有作用或影響makesure確信；一定makethemostuseof...充分利用...makeout①勉強(qiáng)看見;聽出②理解;弄清③寫出;開列bemadeof...由...制造（從成品中能看出原料）bemadefrom...由...制造（從制成品中看不出原料）例句：Intoday’sinformationage,itisessentialtoverifysourcesbeforebelievingnewsthatseemstomakesensebutlacksevidence.在信息時(shí)代，相信看似合理卻缺乏證據(jù)的新聞前，核實(shí)來源至關(guān)重要。即學(xué)即練1.See,yourputerhasbrokendownagain!Itdoesn’tmakesensetobuy(buy)thecheapestbrandofputerjusttosaveafewdollars.2.用make的相關(guān)短語填空①Pretendingtohaveunderstoodwhatyourteachersaiddoesn’tmakesense.②HiswordspuzzledmesomuchthatIhadahardtimemakingsenseofwhathereallymeant.③AlthoughDavidrankedlastinthecrosscountryrun,hefinallymadeittothefinishline,withalltheaudiencecheeringforhim.④Attention,please!We’llgatherattheschoolgateat8amtomorrowandthenmakefor/makeourwaytothenearbyfarmtopickfruits.⑤Sometimesalittlekindnesscanmakeagreatdifference,makingtheworldmorebeautifulandharmonious.⑥Imakesurethatyouwillmakeupwithyourpartnerifyouadopttheabovesuggestions.cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下拓展：與cut相關(guān)的短語cutacross穿過(某地)(尤指抄近路)cutin插嘴cutoff中止；切掉；使隔絕cutup切碎cutback縮減;削減cutdown砍倒；削減；刪節(jié)；縮小(尺寸、數(shù)量等)例句：Shecarefullycutoutaheartshapedpatternfromtheredpapertodecoratetheclassroom.她小心地從紅紙上剪出一個(gè)心形圖案來裝飾教室。即學(xué)即練1.判斷下列句子中cutout的含義①—Anysuggestionsformydaughter,doctor?—Theadviceistocutoutsugarandworkout.停止做（或使用、食用）②Traditionally,theChinesepeoplecutouttheChinesecharacters“DoubleHappiness”andstickthemontowallsordoorsforweddings.剪出（某種形狀）③Sincetimeislimited,pleasecutoutuselessinformationinyourspeech.刪去2.用cut的相關(guān)短語填空①Tokeepphysicallyhealthy,theexpertsstronglysuggestcuttingoutalcoholinourdailylife.②IusuallycutacrosstheparkonmywayhomesothatIcanarrivehomeearlier.③Shekeptoncuttinginonourconversation,whichmadeusveryannoyed.④Thecaptaincutupthemeatinhisplateimpatientlytoshowhisanger.⑤Hispanywillcutdownitsproductionifthewatersupplyiscutoff.ealong跟隨；到達(dá)；進(jìn)步；趕快拓展：與e相關(guān)的短語eup走進(jìn)；被提及eupwith想出；找出etrue實(shí)現(xiàn)eabout（某事）發(fā)生eout出現(xiàn)；出版whenitesto...當(dāng)涉及…；當(dāng)談到…eacross(偶然)遇見；被理解；被弄懂例句：Myparentsaregoingtovisittheartmuseumthisweekend,andtheyaskmetoealong.我父母這周末要去參觀美術(shù)館，他們叫我一起去。即學(xué)即練1.一詞多義：①Thereisalecturetonightandyou'reweletoealong.跟隨②YourFrenchhasealongalotrecentlyafteryouimprovedyourstudymethods.進(jìn)步③Whentherightopportunityesalong,takeit.到達(dá)④ealong!Wearealreadylate.快點(diǎn)2.YesterdaywhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacross(遇見)Tom;hecameup(走近)andtoldmethathisnovelwouldeout(出版)thenextweek,andthathisdreamwouldetrue(實(shí)現(xiàn)).HehappilyinvitedmeforadrinkandaskedmeifIwouldliketoealong(一起去).workout鍛煉；計(jì)算出；解決拓展：與work相關(guān)的短語workwith和...一起工作workfor為...工作workas以...身份工作workon從事于例句：Evenifthingsdon’tworkoutasexpected,theexperiencegainedfromtheattemptisvaluable.即使結(jié)果不如預(yù)期，嘗試中獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)也是寶貴的。即學(xué)即練1.Ienjoyworkingwithmyclassmatesongroupprojects,aswecanlearnfromeachother’sstrengths.2.Whileworkingasavolunteerteacherinaruralschool,sherealizedtheimportanceofequaleducation.3.Currently,theresearchteamisworkingondevelopinganewmethodtoreducecarbonemissions.4.Aftergraduation,hedecidedtoworkforanonprofitorganizationdedicatedtoenvironmentalprotection.5.Afterhoursofcalculation,shefinallyworkedouttheplexmathproblem.6.一詞多義：①Wemustworkoutagoodideatohaveacheapholiday.想出②Youhavetoworkoutaplanasquicklyaspossible.制訂出③It'ssodifficultthatwecan'tworkoutthemathsproblem.計(jì)算出④Thefamousactorkeepsfitbyworkingoutforanhoureverymorning.鍛煉pretendvi.&vt.假裝；裝扮搭配：pretend＋that從句假裝……pretendtobe假裝是……pretendtodosth假裝做某事pretendtobedoingsth假裝正在做某事pretendtohavedonesth假裝做了某事例句：Thelonelyoldmanoftenpretendsthathiscatishischild,talkingtoitasifitcouldunderstand.孤獨(dú)的老人常假裝貓是自己的孩子，像它能聽懂一樣和它說話。即學(xué)即練1.Hepretendedtobereading(read)abookwhenhismothercamein.2.Whenaskedwhobrokethewindow,hepretendedtohavedone(do)nothing.3.Pretendingtobe(be)interestedintheboringlecture,shesecretlyscrolledthroughherphoneunderthedesk.4.Don’tpretendthateverythingisfinewhenyou’reclearlystrugglingwithyouremotions.5.Neverdidhepretendtoadmire(admire)herwork,eventhoughhesecretlythoughtitwasbrilliant.6.Infriendships,pretending(pretend)toagreewithotherstoavoidconflictoftendoesmoreharmthangood.pare...with/to...與……比較派生：parisonn.比校；比擬parableadj.可比的，可比較的；類似的，同類的parativen.（形容詞或副詞的）比較級(jí)；對(duì)手區(qū)分：pare...to...把……比喻為……【把……比喻成……(兩種不同事物間抽象比較)】paredwith/to...與……相比【同類事物間的比較】例句：paredwithtraditionalletters,emailsofferfastermunicationbutlackthewarmthofhandwrittenwords.與傳統(tǒng)書信相比，電子郵件溝通更快捷，但缺少手寫文字的溫度。即學(xué)即練Theparison(pare)ofherlifetoaseavoyagesimplifiesherexperience.Hispoetryishardlyparable(pare)withShakespeare’s.Shedidn’twanttoleavetheparative(pare)safetyoftheshelter.Thehumanbrainisoftenparedtoaputer,butit’sfarmoreplexandmysterious.pared(pare)withtextmessages,emojisareoftenmoreintuitive(直觀的)andsimpler.paring(pare)Jackwithhisfather,wefindthattheyareroughlythesameheight.paring(pare)teacherstocandles,Mr.Smithhelpedthestudentstounderstandtheroleofteachers.Whenparingthenewphonewith/totheoldmodel,you’llfindimprovementsinbatterylifeandcameraquality.stressn.壓力；緊張；重音vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀；使焦慮不安vi.焦慮不安派生：stressfuladj.產(chǎn)生壓力的；緊張的stressedadj.焦慮不安的區(qū)分：n.understress在壓力之下lay/place/putstresson/uponsth.強(qiáng)調(diào);著重于v.stresstheimportanceof...強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性例句：Studentsunderconstantstressmayexperiencedifficultiesinconcentratingontheirstudies.長(zhǎng)期處于壓力下的學(xué)生可能難以集中精力學(xué)習(xí)。即學(xué)即練1.一詞多義：①Inthefirstclass,welearntpronunciation,stressandintonation.重音②Hestressedthatweshouldpaymoreattentiontooursafetyinparticular.強(qiáng)調(diào)③Actually,alotofteenagersareundergreatstress.壓力2.用stress的適當(dāng)形式填空①Ifyougetenoughsleepandea