焦點(diǎn)03閱讀理解之議論文備考2026年中考英語新課標(biāo)（核心素養(yǎng)）同步大師課堂之題型特訓(xùn)面面到【題型解析】一、題型分布與命題特點(diǎn)1.題量與分值??文本長度約250350詞，生詞率控制在3%以內(nèi)，注重邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性與觀點(diǎn)辯證性。2.高頻話題預(yù)測??生態(tài)保護(hù)：如“千島湖生態(tài)修復(fù)工程”“垃圾分類政策”，需掌握術(shù)語（如“ecologicalbalance”“zerowastemunity”）。?科技創(chuàng)新：如“杭州亞運(yùn)會智能場館”“AI在農(nóng)業(yè)中的應(yīng)用”，需理解功能描述（如“automaticallyadjusttemperature”）。?文化傳承：如“杭州絲綢文化的現(xiàn)代創(chuàng)新”，需結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代元素（如“digitalprintingtechniques”）。?社會熱點(diǎn)：如“青少年心理健康”“雙減政策下的校園活動”，需分析利弊與解決方案。3.命題趨勢變化??多模態(tài)文本：可能結(jié)合圖表（如浙江碳排放數(shù)據(jù)）與議論文，要求分析數(shù)據(jù)并論證觀點(diǎn)。?本土化議題主導(dǎo)：聚焦浙江特色（如“宋韻文化”“千萬工程”鄉(xiāng)村振興），需積累地域詞匯。?批判性思維強(qiáng)化：要求評估信息可靠性（如辨別數(shù)據(jù)是否支持結(jié)論）。二、核心能力考查方向1.邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)分析??識別論證方式（總分式、層進(jìn)式、駁論法），關(guān)注邏輯詞（however/therefore）銜接的論點(diǎn)鏈。?例：通過“論點(diǎn)A→數(shù)據(jù)B→結(jié)論C”推導(dǎo)作者立場。2.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度推斷??通過情感詞（如“remarkablybeneficial”）或反問句（如“to...ethicalto...”）判斷作者態(tài)度。?例：若文中出現(xiàn)“criticizeitsimplementation”，需推斷作者對政策的保留態(tài)度。3.學(xué)術(shù)詞匯與長難句??高頻詞：如“AIethics”“sustainabledevelopment”；需拆解含定語從句的復(fù)合句（如“Althoughrenewableenergyispromoted...”）。4.文化背景理解??涉及中西文化對比（如環(huán)保政策差異）或本土知識（如良渚文化），需積累相關(guān)術(shù)語。三、高頻題型解析與應(yīng)對策略1.主旨?xì)w納題（30%）??策略：?抓首尾段主題句或高頻詞（如“sustainability”“innovation”）。?例：標(biāo)題為“WhyZhejiangEmbracesGreenEnergy”，主旨可能為“浙江發(fā)展綠色能源的必要性”。2.推理判斷題（40%）??策略：?構(gòu)建因果鏈（如“數(shù)據(jù)A→現(xiàn)象B→作者觀點(diǎn)C”）。?例：若文中提到“AI提高效率但存在隱私風(fēng)險”，需推斷作者對AI的雙面態(tài)度。3.詞義猜測題（15%）??策略：?利用上下文線索（如“sustainabledevelopment”后接“reducingwaste”）推測詞義。?例：通過“cognitivedevelopment”在教育語境中的用法，推測為“認(rèn)知發(fā)展”。4.開放態(tài)度題（15%）??策略：?結(jié)合論據(jù)評估合理性（如“是否支持在線教育”需權(quán)衡利弊）。?例：若文中列舉AI教育的效率與倫理問題，答案可能為“Itdependsonproperregulations”。四、易錯點(diǎn)與規(guī)避方法1.邏輯斷層??錯誤：誤將論據(jù)當(dāng)作論點(diǎn)（如混淆數(shù)據(jù)與結(jié)論）。?規(guī)避：關(guān)注段落首句及轉(zhuǎn)折詞（but/however）后的核心觀點(diǎn)。2.過度推斷??錯誤：脫離文本主觀聯(lián)想（如將“部分案例”結(jié)論推廣為普遍規(guī)律）。?規(guī)避：嚴(yán)格基于原文信息，避免添加個人觀點(diǎn)。3.詞形混淆??錯誤：混淆形近詞（如“affect/effect”）。?規(guī)避：通過構(gòu)詞法（如“tion”表名詞）辨析詞性。五、備考策略與資源推薦1.高頻主題與模板積累??分類整理：類型關(guān)鍵詞范文片段示例環(huán)保carbonneutrality,zerowaste"Adoptingsolarenergyhelpsachievecarbonneutralityby2030."科技AIethics,smartcities"WhileAIimprovesefficiency,ethicaldilemmasrequireregulations."2.真題模擬與策略優(yōu)化??限時訓(xùn)練：每篇控制在810分鐘，模擬考場節(jié)奏（前2分鐘速讀，后6分鐘精析）。?浙江真題精練：重點(diǎn)練習(xí)2024年“AI教育應(yīng)用議論文”、2023年“垃圾分類爭議”。3.長難句與邏輯專項(xiàng)突破??主干提取：劃出主謂賓，忽略修飾成分（如定語從句）。?邏輯詞標(biāo)記：圈畫but/however/therefore，預(yù)判上下文關(guān)系。4.文化背景拓展??本土知識：千島湖（QiandaoLake）、良渚文化（LiangzhuCulture）。?跨文化對比：國際環(huán)保協(xié)議（如《巴黎協(xié)定》）、科技倫理案例（如自動駕駛責(zé)任歸屬）。六、2026年命題展望?新增題型可能性：可能出現(xiàn)“多文本對比閱讀”（如對比傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代生活方式）。?本土化內(nèi)容強(qiáng)化：結(jié)合“宋韻文化”“千島湖生態(tài)保護(hù)”等設(shè)置題目。?跨學(xué)科融合：可能涉及地理（如錢塘江潮汐成因）、歷史（如良渚玉器制作工藝）背景的議論文。通過針對性訓(xùn)練與策略優(yōu)化，考生可有效應(yīng)對2026年浙江中考議論文閱讀理解。建議結(jié)合系統(tǒng)復(fù)習(xí)，重點(diǎn)突破邏輯鏈推導(dǎo)與主旨?xì)w納能力，同時關(guān)注本土文化與社會熱點(diǎn)，積累相關(guān)詞匯與案例。ANatureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideas.Whatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhumanactivitiesand,ontheotherhand,culturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnature.However,thisisnottheonlyopinionontherelationshipbetweennatureandculture.Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies(物種).Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle(斗爭)againsthumannature.Wearebornwithwildnatures,suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwildestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt,progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting.Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentofweapons(武器)isrelatedtothatadaptation—fromrocksandstonestoasetofhuntingtools,andfromhuntingtoolstorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweapons.Huntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture.Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.Thetransmissionofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood.Justassnailscarrytheirshell,sodowebringalongourculture.However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimeoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations.WecanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwewerebornfromRussianparentsinParisjustaswecanlearnhowtospeakEnglishevenifnoneofourfamilyorfriendsspeaksthatlanguage.1．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Culturebelongstohumannature. B．Natureteacheshumanshowtoadapt.C．Humansaresupposedtobewellorganized. D．Educationpushesthehumanspeciestoprogress.2．WhydoesthewritertalkabouthuntinginParagraph3?A．Tosuggestsomepossiblewaysofchanginglivinghabits.B．Tostresstheimportanceoftoolsinhumans’struggleforlife.C．Toshowhowculturedevelopsashumansadapttotheenvironment.D．Toexplainwhythereisaneedtocallfortheproperuseofweapons.3．Whatdoestheword“transmission”inParagraph4probablymean?A．system B．spread C．start D．spirit4．Whatisthewriter’sopiniononthenatureculturerelationship?A．Cultureandnatureareseparateyetbalanced.B．Culturedependsmuchonnaturetoprogress.C．Natureandculturearedifferentbutconnected.D．Naturefollowstheunwrittenrulessetbyculture.【答案】1．D2．C3．B4．C【難度】0.4【知識點(diǎn)】議論文、意見/建議【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，探討了自然與文化的關(guān)系。傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為自然與文化是對立的，但研究表明文化是人類物種發(fā)展的一部分，生物發(fā)展與文化發(fā)展密切相關(guān)。1．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwildestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt,progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.”可知，本段核心圍繞“教育”展開，強(qiáng)調(diào)教育以文化為載體，幫助人類擺脫野性、實(shí)現(xiàn)適應(yīng)與進(jìn)步，所以本段主要講教育通過文化推動人類進(jìn)步。故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Huntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture.Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.”可知，作者提及打獵是為了具體說明“文化的形成是人類適應(yīng)環(huán)境的一部分”，即文化隨人類適應(yīng)環(huán)境而發(fā)展，故選C。3．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimeoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations.”可知，文化也在同時代的人或不同群體的人之間傳遞，可推知，“transmission”意為“傳播”。故選B。4．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)“Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies(物種).”以及“Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.”可推知，作者認(rèn)為自然與文化不同但相互關(guān)聯(lián)。故選C。BChatGPT,asmartAIchatbottool,hasswepttheeducationworldinthepastmonths.AccordingtoaUSsurveyofmorethan1,000students,over89percentofthemhaveusedChatGPTtohelpwithahomeworktask.DevelopedbyUSpanyOpenAI,ChatGPTisapowerfultool.Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,createrecipes,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.SomeschoolsintheUS,AustraliaandFrancehavebanned(禁止)theuseofChatGPT.IntheUS,forexample,publicschoolsinNewYorkCitybannedstudentsandteachersfromusingChatGPTonthenetworksanddevices.Themoveesoutofworriesthatthetoolcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheatontasks.SomealsoworrythatChatGPTcouldbeusedtospreadincorrectinformation.“Itdoesnotbuildcriticalthinkingorproblemsolvingskills,whicharenecessaryforacademic(學(xué)術(shù)的)andlifelongsuccess,”saidJennaLylefromtheNewYorkCityDepartmentofEducation.Apartfrombans,teachersaremakingchangestotheirclassestopreventtheuseofChatGPT.SomecollegeteachersintheUStrytoincludemorespeakingexamsandhandwrittenpapersinsteadoftypedones.However,notalleducatorssay“no”toChatGPT.SomeCanadianuniversitiesaremakingrules—howbothstudentsandteachersuseit.Theyhavenoplanstopletelybanthetoolsofar.BhaskarVira,fromtheUniversityofCambridgeintheUK,saidthatbansonAIsoftwarelikeChatGPTarenotreasonable.“WehavetoknowthatAIisatoolpeoplewilluse.Whatweneedtodoistomakeourlearning,teachingandexaminationssuitableforanewuse,”hetoldVarsity,theschoolnewspaperoftheuniversity.1．SomeschoolsintheUSbannedtheuseofChatGPTbecause________.A．ittakestheplaceofteachers B．itseldomprovidescorrectinformationC．ittakesupmostofthenetworks D．studentsmayuseittocheatonhomework2．JennaLylethinksthat________.A．ChatGPTmightofferthewronginformationB．ChatGPTissofarthesmartestAIchatbottoolC．usingChatGPTisnotgoodfordevelopingstudents’mindsD．ChatGPTisnecessaryforacademicandlifelongsuccess3．WhichopinionisNOTmentioned(提到)inthepassage?A．UsingChatGPTmakesstudentslazyinthinking.B．ThepletebanonusingChatGPTisnotreasonable.C．ChatGPTwillpletelychangepresenteducation.D．ChatGPTcanbeusefulforbothteachersandstudents.4．Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A．Byparingnumbers. B．Byaskingandansweringquestions.C．Bydescribingcharacters'relationships. D．Bygivingdifferentopinions.【答案】1．D2．C3．C4．D【難度】0.4【知識點(diǎn)】科學(xué)技術(shù)、議論文【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要討論了ChatGPT在教育領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用及其引發(fā)的爭議，包括部分學(xué)校的禁令、教育者的擔(dān)憂以及支持者的觀點(diǎn)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Themoveesoutofworriesthatthetoolcouldmakeiteasierforstudentstocheatontasks.”可推知，學(xué)校禁止ChatGPT的原因是學(xué)生可能用它作弊。故選D。2．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)JennaLyle的發(fā)言“Itdoesnotbuildcriticalthinkingandproblemsolvingskills,whicharenecessaryforacademicandlifelongsuccess.”可推知，她認(rèn)為使用ChatGPT不利于學(xué)生思維發(fā)展。故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itdoesnotbuildcriticalthinkingandproblemsolvingskills,whicharenecessaryforacademicandlifelongsuccess”可知，這個工具會讓學(xué)生懶得思考。根據(jù)“bansonAIsoftwarelikeChatGPTarenotsensible.”可知，完全禁止ChatGPT是不明智的決定。根據(jù)“WehavetoknowthatAIisatoolpeoplewilluse.Whatweneedtodoistomakeourlearning,teachingandexaminationssuitableforanewuse”可知，ChatGPT對老師和學(xué)生都有用。選項(xiàng)C“ChatGPT將徹底改變目前的教育?！蔽闹形刺峒啊９蔬xC。4．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章通過列舉不同群體的觀點(diǎn)展開：第3—4段介紹學(xué)校的禁令及原因；第5—6段提出教育者的擔(dān)憂；第7—8段展示支持者的立場（如加拿大大學(xué)和劍橋?qū)W者的觀點(diǎn)）。因此，文章主要通過呈現(xiàn)不同觀點(diǎn)推進(jìn)。故選D。CIoftenhearmyclassmatesusecursewords(臟話)atschool,anditannoysme.Doyourclassmatesusecursewordsintheirdailylives?Whatdoyouthinkaboutit,andhowcanpeoplebestoppedfromusingbadlanguage?XuHaoxuan,18,studyingintheUKIntheUK,swearingismonamongmyfriends,especiallyinrelaxingconversationsandonsocialmedia.Peopleusecursewordstoshowstrongfeelingsormaketheirwordsstronger.Butparentsandteachersoftendon’tlikethembecausetheythinkthey’rerude.Ithinkteachingpeopleaboutthepowerofkindwordscanleadtobetterconversations.Forexample,saying“Ohsugar”workswellwhentheyareangryorsurprised.LiuChengbo,18,GansuAtmyschoolandonthestreets,studentsusecursewordslikethefwordandswordalot.Theydon’tjustusecursewordswhenthey’reangrybutalsotoshowsurprise.Somepeoplethinkswearingisagrownupthing.Thismakessomestudentswanttotry.Onewaytostopthismightbetomakerulesatschool.ZhuYuhan,17,studyinginthe.SingaporeAsastudentinSingapore,Idon’thearalotofcursewordsatschoolbecauseteacherswatchoverus.Outsideofschool,though,yousee,itmoreonsocialmediaandwithfriends.Somepeopleusecursewordstolook“cool”orshowstrongfeelings,butIthinkit’srude.Adults,liketeachersandparents,shouldalsobegoodrolemodelsandnotusecursewordsinfrontofteens.Thishelpsuslearntheimportanceofusingrespectfullanguage.Let’sputanendtousingcursewordsrightawayandtalkpolitelynow!1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“swearing”probablymeaninthetext?A．Talkingloudly. B．Makingjokes. C．Tellingsomelies. D．Usingcursewords.2．HowdoesLiuChengbomainlydevelophisidea?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bylistingnumbers.C．Byaskingquestions. D．Bymakingparisons.3．AccordingtoZhuYuhan,itiswrongforadultstousecursewordsinfrontofteensbecause______.A．itmakesaverygoodimpressiononteens B．itcanteachteenswronglanguagehabitsC．itispletelyagainsttheschoolrules D．itmakesteenslearntoshowstrongfeelings3．Whatisthepurposeofwritingthetext?A．Tocallonstudentstostopusingcursewords.B．Toprovidesolutionsforformingbadlanguage.C．Toparecursewordsindifferentcountries.D．Toshowpeoplethegoodeffectofcursewords.【答案】1．D2．A3．B4．A【難度】0.4【知識點(diǎn)】青少年問題、議論文、意見/建議【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，文章圍繞學(xué)生使用臟話這一現(xiàn)象展開討論，并提出了減少臟話使用的看法，最后呼吁大家停止使用臟話，禮貌交流。1．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文中“IntheUK,swearingismonamongmyfriends,especiallyinrelaxingconversationsandonsocialmedia.Peopleusecursewordstoshowstrongfeelingsormaketheirwordsstronger.”可知，在英國，朋友們之間這種行為很常見，人們用臟話來表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈情感等，由此可推斷“swearing”意思是“使用臟話”。故選D。2．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)文中“Atmyschoolandonthestreets,studentsusecursewordslikethefwordandswordalot.Theydon’tjustusecursewordswhenthey’reangrybutalsotoshowsurprise.Somepeoplethinkswearingisagrownupthing.Onewaytostopthismightbetomakerulesatschool.”可知，劉承博通過列舉學(xué)生使用臟話的例子，如使用fword和sword，以及人們對說臟話的看法等，來闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)，是通過舉例子的方式展開論述。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Adults,liketeachersandparents,shouldalsobegoodrolemodelsandnotusecursewordsinfrontofteens.Thishelpsuslearntheimportanceofusingrespectfullanguage.”可知，成年人在青少年面前說臟話會讓青少年學(xué)到錯誤的語言習(xí)慣，所以成年人不應(yīng)該在青少年面前說臟話。故選B。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文中“Let’sputanendtousingcursewordsrightawayandtalkpolitelynow!”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要是呼吁學(xué)生停止使用臟話。故選A。DWhoisagenius(天才)?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let’sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligent(聰明的)orcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It’ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforenteringthegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledged(不認(rèn)可的)andrefusedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性別)are“really,reallysmart.”Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.”Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbeediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn’ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:ofcoursenot.Here’sthegoodnews.Inaworldwithincreasedglobalmunication,we’reallluckytoseeflashes(瞬間)ofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdecidetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusesefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodluck,whoareabletochangetheworld.”1．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors’standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A．They’reunfair. B．They’reoldfashioned.C．They’reobjective(公正的). D．They’restrict.2．WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A．Theythinkthemselvessmart. B．Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C．Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys. D．Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs3．Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A．Improvedglobalmunication. B．Lessdiscrimination(歧視)againstwomen.C．Acceptanceofvictors’ideas. D．Changesinpeople’ssocialpositions.4．Whatdoesthewritersuggestaboutfuturegeniuses?A．TheywillmostlyefromEurope.B．TheywillmainlydependonpersonalabilitiesandluckC．TheywillbedecidedbysocialfactorslikegenderandraceD．Theywillonlyappearinscientificfields.【答案】1．A2．D3．A4．B【難度】0.4【知識點(diǎn)】哲理感悟、議論文【導(dǎo)語】本文由問題“誰是天才？”引入，論述了世人對天才的狹隘定義，提出事實(shí)上“天才”有很多種形式，不要讓思維限制了我們的”天才”能力。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“It’ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforenteringthegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledged(不認(rèn)可的)andrefusedbyothers.”可知，歷史由勝利者書寫，他們設(shè)定了天才俱樂部的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，但女性或不同膚色、信仰的貢獻(xiàn)者被拒絕和忽視，說明作者認(rèn)為這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)帶有偏見和不公。故選A。2．推理判斷題。第四段指出，女孩約6歲時因社會觀念（如性別偏見）開始回避被認(rèn)為屬于“聰明孩子”的活動，表明她們的行為受社會觀念影響。故選D。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inaworldwithincreasedglobalmunication,we’reallluckytoseeflashes(瞬間)ofgeniuswherevertheyappear.”可知，在一個全球交流日益頻繁的世界里，我們都很幸運(yùn)地看到天才的閃光，無論他們出現(xiàn)在哪里。故選A。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdecidetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusesefromthosewith‘intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodluck,whoareabletochangetheworld.’”可知，未來天才由智力、創(chuàng)造力、毅力和運(yùn)氣決定，而非性別、種族等社會因素，故選B。（2025·浙江·中考真題）①Lifeisfullofmoments,butsomeare“special”andstayinourheartsforever.Forexample,thefirsttimeyourodeabikealone,afriend’shugwhenyouweresad,orintheeveningtalkingwithfamily.Thesemomentsaren’talwaysbig,buttheychangehowwefeelaboutourselvesandtheworld.②Specialmomentsareliketreasures.Wedon’tneedtowritethemdown—ourheartsrememberthem.Ateachermightpraiseashystudent’sdrawing,makingthechildfeelimportant.Aparentcouldbakecookieswithyouonarainyday,fillingthekitchenwithlaughter.Evenstrangerscancreatethem:abaristawhoknowsyourcoffeeorder,oraneighborwhohelpscarrygroceries.Thesesmallactsstayinourmindsbecausetheymakeusfeelloved.③Businessesalsousespecialmoments.Acafémightplaysoftmusicandservewarmcookiesoncolddaystomakecustomersfeelwele.Abookstorecouldholdstorytimeforkidseveryweekend,turningavisitintoahappymemory.Anicecreamshopletscustomersdecoratetheirowncones(冰激凌蛋筒)—seeingachildsmilewhileaddingsomethingisamomenteveryoneremembers.④Intheend,specialmomentsareeverywhere.Theydon’tneedmoneyorplanning—justalittlecare.Akindword,asmile,orasmallsurprisecanmakelifericher.Sotaketimetoenjoythesemoments—theymakelifeworthliving.1．Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutspecialmoments?A．Theyarealwaysbigandexciting. B．Wecankeepthespecialthingsinmind.C．Weneedtowritethemdowntoremember. D．Theyhavenothingtodowithhowwefeel.2．Whatdoestheicecreamshopprobablydoaccordingtothepassage?A．Sellsthecheapesticecream. B．Closesearlyonweekends.C．Refusestoletkidsenter. D．Createsicecreammomentsforguests.3．Whichisthestructureofthispassage?A． B． C． D．4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Howtousethepowerofthemoment. B．Whypeopleforgetsmallmoments.C．Whentoplanbigandexcitingevents. D．Wheretofindthemostexpensivetreasures.【答案】1．B2．D3．D4．A【難度】0.4【知識點(diǎn)】哲理感悟、議論文【導(dǎo)語】本文探討了生活中“特殊時刻”的意義，這些時刻往往看似微小卻能在我們心中留下深刻印記。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wedon’tneedtowritethemdown—ourheartsrememberthem.”可知，我們將那些特別的事銘記于心，故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Anicecreamshopletscustomersdecoratetheirowncones(冰激凌蛋筒)—seeingachildsmilewhileaddingsomethingisamomenteveryoneremembers.”可知，冰淇淋店讓顧客裝飾冰淇淋筒，創(chuàng)造快樂記憶，故選D。3．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段引入主題；第二段和第三段從個人和企業(yè)角度闡述特殊時刻；最后一段總結(jié)概括，故選D。4．主旨大意題。全文圍繞“特殊瞬間”展開，強(qiáng)調(diào)它們帶給人的溫暖和美好，并說明哪些場合和方式會產(chǎn)生這樣的瞬間，核心主旨即在于如何看待并善用這種“瞬間的力量”。故選A。A（2025·浙江紹興·三模）“Mom,Iwantacat,”or“Mom,Iwantadog,”or“Mom,Iwanta...,”aremonwordsthatparentsmayhearfromtheirchildrenmorethanonce.However,therearemanyargumentsforandagainstchildrenowningpets.Thefirstargumentthatsupportspetownershipbychildrenisthattheyaregoodpany.Whenchildrenehomefromschool,petsarealwaystheretogreetthem.Theylovechildrenandalwayslovetoplay.Asaresult,childrenwon’tbelonely.Theywillalsohelptokeepchildrenactiveastheywillneedtobewalkedandplayedwitheveryday.▲Petsneedtobetakencareofeveryday.Childrenwilllearndifferentskillsthattheycanuselaterinlife.Forexample,washingandfeedingpetsareimportantskillstolearn.Learningtheseresponsibilitieswillbegoodfortheirfuturelife.Caringforpetsalsoshowsthemhowtobekindandpatient.Ontheotherhand,somepetscanbedangerous.Somedogs,forexample,mayhurtothers,andchildrenmaybeeafraidofanimalsasaresultofthishappeningtothem.Catsalsolookverysoft,buttheydohaveverysharpclaws.Iftheyaretreatedinthewrongway,catscanusetheirclawstoscratch.Besides,petsrequireagreatdealofcare.Manypetsneedshowers,exerciseandsoon.Asaresultofthis,childrenmayneglecttheirstudiesbecausetheyaretoobusyworryingabouttheirpetanditshealth.Afurtherargumentagainstpetownershipisthatpetsarecostly;buyingfoodandcaringthemisexpensive.Finally,thecostofowningonefallsonparents,andasaresult,childrendon’tfullyunderstandtheresponsibilityofhavingone.Inshort,therearemanyargumentsforandagainstpetownership.Petshelptokeepchildrenpany,fit,andtheyalsohelpthemtolearnnewresponsibilities.However,petscanbedangerous,theyrequirealotofcare,andtheycostalotofmoneytobetakencareofproperly.1．Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinto▲inparagraph3?A．Second,petscanmakechildrenmoreactive.B．So,childrenwillhavemorefriendsatschool.C．Allinall,petsbringchildrenmuchhappiness.D．Also,lookingafterpetshelpschildrenlearnresponsibilities.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“neglect”inparagraph5mean?A．putaneffortin B．paylittleattentiontoC．havenoinfluenceon D．showgreatinterestin3．Whichofthefollowingsarethereasonsagainstchildrenowningpetsaccordingtothepassage?①Childrenmaygetsickeasily.②Somepetsmayhurtthechildren.③Keepingapetcostsalotofmoney.④Owningpetsmayinfluencekids’schoolwork.A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheJoyofOwningPets B．HowtoTakeCareofPetsC．KidsandPets:GoodorBad? D．GoodSidesofKidsOwningPets【答案】1．D2．B3．C4．C【難度】0.4【知識點(diǎn)】議論文、意見/建議、寵物【導(dǎo)語】本文分別介紹了支持和反對孩子養(yǎng)寵物的觀點(diǎn)。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thefirstargumentthatsupportspetownershipbychildrenisthattheyaregoodpany.”和“Learningtheseresponsibilitieswillbegoodfortheirfuturelife.Caringforpetsalsoshowsthemhowtobekindandpatient.”可知，此處說的是養(yǎng)寵物的第二個好處，能養(yǎng)成孩子的責(zé)任感，D項(xiàng)“其次，養(yǎng)寵物可以鼓勵孩子學(xué)習(xí)新的責(zé)任?！狈险Z境。故選D。2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Besides,petsrequireagreatdealofcare.Manypetsneedshowers,exerciseandsoon.Asaresultofthis,childrenmayneglecttheirstudiesbecausetheyaretoobusyworryingabouttheirpetanditshealth.”可知，此處說的是養(yǎng)寵物會影響學(xué)習(xí)成績，因?yàn)楹⒆訒^于關(guān)注寵物，因此忽視學(xué)習(xí)，由此可猜測neglect意為“忽視”與paylittleattentionto“不太關(guān)注”詞義相近。故選B。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asaresultofthis,childrenmayneglecttheirstudies；buyingfoodandcaringthemisexpensive.；However,petscanbedangerous,”可知，有些寵物可能會傷害孩子。養(yǎng)寵物要花很多錢。養(yǎng)寵物可能會影響孩子的學(xué)業(yè)。②③④符合。故選C。4．最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)“However,therearemanyargumentsforandagainstchildrenowningpets.”可知，本文主要對是否支持孩子養(yǎng)寵物進(jìn)行了討論，并給出了正方和反方的主要觀點(diǎn)。故選C。B（2025·浙江紹興·二模）Imaginepickingupanewbookthatyou’reexcitedtoread,sittinginyourfavoritecorner,andturningtothelastchapter(章節(jié)).Whilemostreadersopentopageone,therearemanypeoplewhojumprightintothejuiciestpartofthebook—theend,beforegoingbacktothebeginningandstartingfromthere.Becausethatchangesthenormalexperienceofreadingthebook,somepeoplesayreadersshouldalwaysbeginwiththefirstchapter.Othersthinkstartingattheendisperfectlyacceptableandmayevenbethebestwaytoreadabook.Whatdoyouthink?IsitOKtoreadthelastchapterfirst?Therearemanydifferentwaystoenjoyabook,andnoneofthemarewrong.Startingwiththelastpagesmakessomereadersevenmorecuriousaboutthestoryandhelpsthemdecidewhetherthebookisworthreading.Otherpeopledon’tliketoworryaboutwhathappenstothecharacters.Readingaheadhelpsthemrelaxandappreciatethewritingsimilartowhenpeoplerereadabookandgetmoreoutofitthesecondtime.Somepeoplealsoenjoytheexcitementofguessingexactlyhowthestorywillreachanendingtheyalreadyknow.However,somepeoplethinkbooksaremeanttobereadintheorderinwhichthey’rewritten.Partoftheenjoymentofreadingagoodbookisfollowingtheactionfromstarttofinish,discoveringnewinformationaboutthestoryandcharactersbitbybit,andbeingsurprisedbythestory.Readingthelastchapterfirstisdisrespectfultothewriterwhoputinalotofeffort.Andifyouknowtheending,youhavetoavoidmakingotherpeoplewhoarereadingitfeelterrible.Thatmeansit’ssafernottodiscussitwiththem,thoughtalkingaboutabookcanbeabigpartofthefunofreadingit.1．Howdoesthewriterleadintothetopic?A．Byparingfacts. B．Bydescribingascene.C．Bylistingnumbers. D．Bygivinganexample.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“appreciate”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Question. B．Collect. C．Admire. D．Translate.3．WhichisareasonforreadingthelastchapterfirstaccordingtoParagraph2?A．Torereadthebookmoreeasily.B．Tokeepcuriousabouttheendingofthebook.C．Toknowwhichisthemostinterestingchapter.D．Todecideifit’snecessarytoreadthewholebook.4．Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?A．Readingisaprocessofdiscoveringabook.B．Readingfromtheendshowsrespecttothewriter.C．Talkingaboutabookmakesreadinglessinteresting.D．Discussingtheendingwhilereadingisalwaysacceptable.【答案】1．B2．C3．D4．A【難度】0.4【知識點(diǎn)】閱讀、議論文【導(dǎo)語】本文圍繞“是否應(yīng)該先讀最后一章”展開討論，呈現(xiàn)了兩種對立觀點(diǎn)。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Imaginepickingupanewbook…sittinginyourfavoritecorner,andturningtothelastchapter(章節(jié))”可知，作者通過描述一個具體的閱讀場景引入話題。故選B。2．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Readingaheadhelpsthemrelax”和“Somepeoplealsoenjoytheexcitementofguessingexactlyhowthestorywillreachanendingtheyalreadyknow.”可知，提前閱讀有助于他們放松，有些人還喜歡猜測故事將如何達(dá)到他們已經(jīng)知道的結(jié)局。由此推測“appreciate”意為“欣賞”。故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Startingwiththelastpagesmakessomereadersevenmorecuriousaboutthestoryandhelpsthemdecidewhetherthebookisworthreading.”可知，先讀結(jié)尾可幫助判斷是否值得讀全書。故選D。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Partoftheenjoymentofreadingagoodbookisfollowingtheactionfromstarttofinish”可知，閱讀是逐步發(fā)現(xiàn)故事的過程。故選A。C（2025·浙江金華·二模）①Itusedtobemontothinkofrobotsasjustmachinesdesignedtododirty,boringanddangerouswork.Inrecentyears,panieshasbeguntodesignrobotsastoysforchildren.Thesehavebeesopopularthatexpertsandparentsareworriedabouttheeffectsoffriendshipsbetweenrobotsandchildren.②In1940,lsaacAsimovwroteastorycalledRobbie.Inthestory,agirlmadefriendswitharobotandhermotherwasworriedabouttheirfriendship.Attheendofthestory,therobotsavedthegirl’slif