醫(yī)學英語聽力學課程考試題目及答案集一、選擇題（每題2分，共20題）1.Whichofthefollowingtestsisprimarilyusedtoassessthequiethearinglevelofapatient?A.ABR(AuditoryBrainstemResponse)B.PureToneAudiometryC.SpeechAudiometryD.ImpedanceAudiometry答案：B2.Theterm"dBHL"inaudiometryrefersto:A.DecibelsinHenryB.DecibelsHearingLevelC.DecibelsinHertzD.DecibelsHearingLoss答案：B3.Whichearistypicallydesignatedasthe"betterear"inclinicalaudiometrictesting?A.TheleftearB.TherightearC.TheearwithhigherhearingthresholdsD.Theearwithlowerhearingthresholds答案：D4.Whatisthenormalhearingrangeindecibels(dB)forahealthyadult?A.0–20dBHLB.20–40dBHLC.40–60dBHLD.0–120dBHL答案：A5.Apuretoneat1000Hzismostsensitivetowhichaspectofhearing?A.High-frequencysoundsB.Low-frequencysoundsC.Mid-frequencysoundsD.Speechsounds答案：C6.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncauseofconductivehearingloss?A.PresbycusisB.SensorineuralhearinglossC.OtitismediaD.Acousticneuroma答案：C7.Inastandardpuretoneaudiogram,whichfrequencyistestedfirst?A.250HzB.500HzC.1000HzD.4000Hz答案：A8.Whatdoes"decibel"(dB)measureinthecontextofhearing?A.SoundpressurelevelB.SoundintensityC.SoundfrequencyD.Soundduration答案：A9.Whichtestisusedtomeasuretheabilitytounderstandspokenwordsinnoisyenvironments?A.PureToneAudiometryB.SpeechAudiometryC.ABRtestingD.Impedanceaudiometry答案：B10.TheWebertestisusedtoassess:A.BoneconductionB.AirconductionC.SpeechdiscriminationD.Auditorythresholds答案：A二、填空題（每題2分，共10題）1.Thesoftestsoundapersoncandetectismeasuredin________(e.g.,0dBHL).答案：HearingLevel(HL)2.Themostcommoncauseofsensorineuralhearinglossinadultsis________(e.g.,noiseexposureoraging).答案：PresbycusisorNoise-InducedHearingLoss3.Theterm"dBHL"standsfor________(e.g.,DecibelsHearingLevel).答案：DecibelsHearingLevel4.Ahearinglossof40dBHLmeansthepatienthears________(e.g.,40dBsofter)thanapersonwithnormalhearing.答案：40dBsofter5.The________(e.g.,tympanogram)testmeasuresthemiddleear'sresponsivenesstosound.答案：Tympanometry6.The________(e.g.,ABR)testisobjectiveandusefulforinfantsoruncooperativepatients.答案：AuditoryBrainstemResponse7.Inpuretoneaudiometry,thefrequencyrangetestedtypicallyspansfrom________(e.g.,250Hz)to8000Hz.答案：250Hz8.The________(e.g.,speechdiscriminationscore)assessestheabilitytounderstandspokenwords.答案：SpeechDiscriminationScore9.Ahearinglossclassifiedas"mild"istypicallybetween________(e.g.,25–40dBHL).答案：25–40dBHL10.The________(e.g.,Rinnetest)comparesairandboneconductiontodifferentiateconductiveandsensorineuralhearingloss.答案：Rinnetest三、簡答題（每題5分，共5題）1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenconductiveandsensorineuralhearingloss?答案：-Conductivehearinglossoccurswhensoundisnotproperlyconductedthroughtheouterormiddleear(e.g.,duetoearwax,fluid,orearossicleissues).Itistypicallyreversiblewithmedicalorsurgicalintervention.-Sensorineuralhearinglossresultsfromdamagetotheinnerear(cochlea)orauditorynerve(e.g.,duetoaging,noise,orgenetics).Itisusuallypermanentandoftentreatedwithhearingaids.2.Explainthepurposeofpuretoneaudiometry.答案：Puretoneaudiometrymeasuresaperson'sabilitytoheardifferentfrequencies(pitches)ofpuretones.Ithelpsdeterminethetypeandseverityofhearingloss(conductive,sensorineural,ormixed)andisusedtocreateabaselineformonitoringhearingchangesovertime.3.WhatistheWebertest,andhowisitperformed?答案：TheWebertestassesseswhetherapatientperceivessoundequallyinbothears.Avibratingtuningforkisplacedontheforeheadortopofthehead.Ifthepatienthearsthesoundlouderinoneear,itsuggestsaconductivehearinglossintheoppositeear.Ifthesoundisperceivedequally,thehearinglossissensorineuralorcentral.4.Describetheroleofspeechaudiometryinclinicalpractice.答案：Speechaudiometryevaluatesapatient'sabilitytounderstandspokenwordsinnoisyorchallenginglisteningenvironments.ItincludestestsliketheSpeechReceptionThreshold(SRT)andSpeechDiscriminationScore(SDS),whichhelpassesshowwellapatientcanrecognizespeechatdifferentloudnesslevels.5.Whatarethekeycomponentsofacomprehensivehearingevaluation?答案：Acomprehensivehearingevaluationincludes:-Puretoneaudiometry(tomeasurethresholds)-Impedanceaudiometry(toassessmiddleearfunction)-Speechaudiometry(toevaluatespeechunderstanding)-ABRtesting(forobjectivehearingassessmentininfants)-Otoacousticemissions(OAEs)(toscreenforinnerearfunction)四、論述題（每題10分，共2題）1.Discusstheclinicalsignificanceoftympanometryindiagnosingmiddleeardisorders.答案：Tympanometrymeasuresthemiddleear'smobilityandairpressure,helpingidentifyissueslike:-Conductivehearingloss:Fluidinthemiddleear(e.g.,otitismedia)orearwaxblockagereducesmobility.-Normalmiddleearfunction:Aflattympanogramsuggestsnoabnormalities.-Middleearabnormalities:Adhesionsorperforationsalterpressurecurves.Itisessentialfordiagnosingotitismedia,cholesteatoma,orhearingaidfittingissues.2.Explainhowage-relatedhearingloss(presbycusis)differsfromnoise-inducedhearingloss.答案：-Presbycusis:Gradual,bilateralhigh-frequencyhearinglossduetocochlearagingandneuraldegeneration.Ittypicallyaffectsspeechclarityinnoisysettings.-Noise-inducedhearingloss:Suddenorprogressiveloss,oftenunilateralorworseinoneear,causedbyprolongedexposuretoloudsounds(e.g.,occupationalnoise).Itmayalsocausetinnitus.Botharesensorineuralbuthavedistinctcausesandprogressionpatterns.答案與解析選擇題答案與解析1.B–Puretoneaudiometrymeasuresairconductionthresholds,thestandardforquiethearingassessment.2.B–"dBHL"denotesHearingLevelrelativetonormalhearing.3.D–Theearwithlowerthresholds(betterhearing)islabeledthe"betterear."4.A–Normalhearingis0–20dBHLformostadults.5.C–1000Hzisamid-frequencytonesensitivetomid-rangehearing.6.C–Otitismedia(middleearinfection)isacommoncauseofconductiveloss.7.A–Testingstartsat250Hz(lowfrequencies)inaudiometry.8.A–Decibelsmeasuresoundpressurelevel,notintensityorfrequency.9.B–Speechaudiometryevaluateswordrecognitioninnoise.10.A–TheWebertestassessesboneconductiondifferences.填空題答案與解析1.HearingLevel(HL)–Measuressoundsensitivityrelativetonormalhearing.2.PresbycusisorNoise-InducedHearingLoss–Agingandnoiseareleadingcauses.3.DecibelsHearingLevel–Standardunitforhearingassessment.4.40dBsofter–A40dBlossmeanssoundsarelessaudible.5.Tympanometry–Evaluatesmiddleearpressureandmobility.6.AuditoryBrainstemResponse–Objectivetestforinfantsoruncooperativepatients.7.250Hz–Thelowestfrequencytestedinpuretoneaudiometry.8.SpeechDiscriminationScore–Measuresspeechunderstandingability.9.25–40dBHL–Mildhearinglossfallswithinthisrange.10.Rinnetest–Comparesairandboneconductionforhearinglossclassification.簡答題答案與解析1.Conductivevs.SensorineuralHearingLoss:-Conductiveinvolvesouter/middleearissues(e.g.,earwax),oftentreatable.-Sensorineuralinvolvesinnerear/cochleardamage(e.g.,aging),usuallypermanent.2.PurposeofPureToneAudiometry:Measuresfrequency-s