2025年SAT考試語文真題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷閱讀理解部分passageoneInthelate19thcentury,asindustrializationsweptacrosstheAmericanMidwest,smalltownslikeHarmonyCreekstruggledtomaintaintheiridentity.Onceabustlingagriculturalcenter,Harmonyfounditselfbypassedbythenewrailwaylinesthatconnectedlargercities,itspopulationdwindlingasyoungpeoplemovedinsearchoffactoryjobs.Thearrivaloftherailway,initiallyheraldedasasignofprogress,ultimatelyexacerbatedthetown'sdeclinebyfacilitatingtheexodusofitsyouthanddisruptingthelocaleconomythathadreliedonseasonaltrade.Thetown'sleaders,however,weredeterminedtoadapt.Theypromotedthedevelopmentofnewindustries,mostnotablyasmallbutgrowingfurniturefactorythatutilizedtheabundantoakforestssurroundingthetown.Whilethisprovidedsomeemployment,itcouldnotfullycompensateforthelossofthevibrantagriculturalcommunitythathaddefinedHarmonyforgenerations.Thefactoryworkers,manyofwhomwererecentarrivalsfromneighboringstates,didnotintegrateeasilyintotheexistingsocialfabric,andtensionsoccasionallyflaredbetweentheolder,establishedresidentsandthenewcomers.Despitethesechallenges,afewindividualsworkedtirelesslytopreserveHarmony'sculturalheritage.Mr.Henderson,theretiredschoolteacher,startedacommunitylibrary,aimingtoprovideeducationalopportunitiesandaspaceforintellectualexchange.Meanwhile,Mrs.Gable,askilledseamstress,organizedsewingcircleswherewomencouldsharetraditionaltechniquesandcreateclothingfortheirfamilies,therebykeepingalivelocalcrafttraditions.Theseeffortsrepresentedaquietresistanceagainstthehomogenizingforcesofmodernization,demonstratingthecommunity'senduringcommitmenttopreservingitsuniquecharacter.Theearly20thcenturybroughtfurtherchangestoHarmony.Thediscoveryofoilafewmilesoutsidetownsparkedabriefeconomicboom,attractingspeculatorsandworkers.Thisinfluxofwealthledtotheconstructionofnewbuildingsandthetemporaryprosperity,butitalsointroducedadifferentkindofsocialdisruption.Theoilrushwasshort-lived,however,asthewellseventuallyrandry.Thetownreturnedtoitspre-boomstate,perhapsevenmorevulnerablethanbefore,havingincurreddebtsduringthebriefperiodofprosperity.Yet,thememoryoftheboomyearsandtheresilienceshownbythecommunityduringthattimebecamepartofHarmony'scomplexhistory.1.Accordingtothepassage,whatwastheprimarycauseofHarmonyCreek'sinitialdecline?2.ThepassagesuggeststhatthefurniturefactoryhadwhateffectonHarmonyCreek?3.WhatdoesthepassageimplyabouttherelationshipbetweenMr.Hendersonandthecommunitylibrary?4.HowdidtheoildiscoveryimpactHarmonyCreekaccordingtothepassage?5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?passagetwoTheconceptof"culturalheritage"hasbeensubjecttovariousinterpretationsthroughouthistory,oftenreflectingthedominantvaluesofthesocietydoingthedefining.Inthemodernera,particularlysincethemid-20thcentury,therehasbeenasignificantshifttowardsamoreinclusiveunderstandingofheritage,onethatrecognizesthecontributionsandperspectivesofpreviouslymarginalizedgroups.Thisevolutionreflectsbroaderchangesinsocialandpoliticalthought,emphasizingdiversityandtheimportanceofpreservingawiderangeofhumanexperiences.Onekeyfactordrivingthischangehasbeentheactivismofindigenouscommunitiesandethnicminorities.Forcenturies,theculturalpractices,languages,andhistoriesofthesegroupswereoftendismissedasprimitiveorinferiorbydominantculturalnarratives.However,throughpersistentadvocacy,theyhavesuccessfullyarguedfortherecognitionoftheirheritageasvitalandvaluablepartsofthecollectivehumanexperience.Thishasledtoincreasedsupportforinitiativesaimedatdocumentingandrevitalizingendangeredlanguages,preservingtraditionalarts,andsafeguardingancestrallands.Theroleoftechnologyhasalsobeeninstrumentalinshapingcontemporaryapproachestoculturalheritage.Digitaltoolsofferunprecedentedopportunitiesfordocumentationanddissemination.Archivescannowpreservefragileartifactsandoralhistoriesindigitalformats,makingthemaccessibletoaglobalaudience.Onlineplatformsenablecommunitiestosharetheirtraditionsdirectly,bypassingtraditionalgatekeepersandfosteringamoredemocraticapproachtoheritagemanagement.Thisaccessibility,however,alsoraisesquestionsaboutauthenticityandthepotentialforcommercialization,challengingcommunitiesandinstitutionstonavigatethesecomplexnewlandscapesthoughtfully.Furthermore,theconceptofheritagenowoftenextendsbeyondtangibleobjectstoincludeintangibleaspectssuchaspractices,performances,knowledge,andskills.UNESCO'sIntangibleCulturalHeritagelist,forexample,highlightstheimportanceofsafeguardingtraditionslikeculinaryarts,theatricalperformances,andcrafttechniques.Thisbroaderdefinitionallowsforamorenuancedunderstandingofcultureasaliving,evolvingentity,constantlyshapedbyinteractionandadaptation.Itencouragesafocusonthe傳承(chuanchéng-transmission)ofknowledgeandthecontinuationofculturalpracticesratherthansimplyonstaticpreservation.6.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,howhaveindigenouscommunitiesinfluencedtheunderstandingofculturalheritage?8.Thepassagementionsdigitaltoolsforheritagepreservation.Whatpotentialchallengedothesetoolspresent,accordingtothetext?9.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthedifferencebetweentangibleandintangibleculturalheritage?10.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'stoneregardingtheevolutionofculturalheritageconcepts?passagethreeEconomictheoristshavelongdebatedtherelationshipbetweentechnologicalinnovationandemployment.Acommonconcernisthatadvancements,particularlyinautomationandartificialintelligence,willdisplacehumanworkers,leadingtojoblossesandincreasedinequality.Whilehistoricalprecedentssuggestthattechnologicalchangeultimatelycreatesnewopportunities,thepaceandscaleofrecentdevelopmentshavefueledanxietiesaboutwidespreadunemploymentandthedevaluationofhumanlabor.Proponentsoftechnologicalprogressarguethatnewtechnologiescreatemorejobsthantheydestroy,albeitdifferentkindsofjobs.TheypointtothehistoricalexamplesoftheIndustrialRevolutionandthedigitalrevolution,whereshort-termdisruptionswereeventuallyovershadowedbythecreationofentirelynewindustriesandemploymentsectors.Forinstance,theriseoftheinternetledtothecreationofjobsinwebdevelopment,digitalmarketing,ande-commercemanagementthatwereunimaginableafewdecadesago.Similarly,advancementsinbiotechnologyhavegeneratedopportunitiesinresearch,development,andhealthcareservices.However,criticscounterthisview,emphasizingthepotentialforsignificantjobdisplacementinspecificsectors,particularlythoseinvolvingroutinemanualorcognitivetasks.TheincreasingsophisticationofroboticsandAIalgorithmsmeansthattheycannowperformawiderrangeoftaskspreviouslyconsideredtheexclusivedomainofhumans.Thisraisesconcernsaboutthelong-termemployabilityofworkersinfieldssuchasmanufacturing,dataentry,andevencertainareasofprofessionalservices.Theresultingskillsgap,wheretheskillsrequiredbytheevolvingjobmarketdonotmatchtheskillspossessedbytheworkforce,posesasignificantchallenge.Anotherdimensionofthedebateinvolvesthenatureofworkitself.Evenwherejobsarenoteliminated,technologicaladvancementscanalterthewayworkisperformed,potentiallyleadingtochangesinworkhours,jobsecurity,andtheoverallworkenvironment.Theriseofremotework,facilitatedbydigitalcommunicationtools,isoneexampleofhowtechnologyhasalreadyreshapedthetraditionalofficemodel.Whileofferinggreaterflexibility,thisshiftalsointroducesnewcomplexitiesrelatedtowork-lifebalanceandemployeeengagement.Ultimately,theimpactoftechnologyonemploymentwilldependnotonlyonthenatureoftheinnovationsbutalsoonthepoliciesimplementedbygovernmentsandtheadaptabilityoftheworkforceandeducationalsystems.11.Whatisthemainconflictdescribedinthepassage?12.Accordingtoproponentsoftechnologicalprogress,whatisthelikelylong-termeffectofnewtechnologiesonemployment?13.Whatspecificexamplesdoesthepassageprovidetosupportthecritics'perspectiveonjobdisplacement?14.Thepassagementionschangesintheworkenvironmentduetotechnology.Whatisoneexamplegiven?15.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisakeyfactorindeterminingtheimpactoftechnologyonemployment?passagefourCitieshavelongbeencentersofhumaninnovationandculturalexchange,buttheirgrowthhasoftencomeatasignificantenvironmentalcost.Theconcentrationofpeople,industry,andinfrastructureinurbanareasplacessubstantialstrainonnaturalresourcesandcontributestovariousformsofpollution.Asglobalpopulationscontinuetourbanize,addressingtheseenvironmentalchallengeshasbecomeincreasinglyurgenttoensurethesustainabilityofcitiesandthewell-beingoftheirinhabitants.Oneofthemostpressingissuesisairquality.Vehicleemissions,industrialpollutants,andenergyconsumptioncontributetohighlevelsofparticulatematterandgreenhousegasesinmanyurbancenters.Thesepollutantsnotonlyharmhumanhealth,leadingtorespiratoryproblemsandotherillnesses,butalsocontributetoclimatechange.Effortstomitigatethisissueincludeexpandingpublictransportationnetworks,promotingelectricvehicles,andimplementingstricteremissionsstandardsforindustriesandbuildings.Watermanagementisanothercriticalchallenge.Citiesrequirevastamountsofwaterfordrinking,sanitation,andindustrialprocesses,oftendrawingfromlocalecosystemsordistantsources.Over-extractioncanleadtowaterscarcity,whileinadequateinfrastructureresultsinleaksandcontamination.Sustainableurbanplanninginvolvesinvestinginefficientwaterdistributionsystems,implementingwaterconservationmeasures,andexploringalternativewatersourceslikerainwaterharvestingandrecycledwater.Wastegenerationisalsoasignificantproblem,withcitiesproducingenormousquantitiesofsolidwaste.Landfillsnotonlyconsumevaluablelandspacebutalsoreleasemethane,apotentgreenhousegas,asorganicmatterdecomposes.Recyclingandcompostingprogramscanhelpreducetheamountofwastesenttolandfills,butachievinghighparticipationratesanddevelopingefficientwastemanagementinfrastructureremainongoingchallenges.Somecitiesareexperimentingwithzero-wasteinitiativesandwaste-to-energytechnologiesaspartoftheirsustainabilitystrategies.Beyondthesespecificissues,urbansustainabilityrequiresaholisticapproachthatintegratesenvironmentalconsiderationsintoallaspectsofcityplanningandmanagement.Thisincludesdesigninggreenspaceswithincitiestoimproveairquality,providerecreation,andenhancebiodiversity.Italsoinvolvespromotingenergy-efficientbuildingdesigns,encouragingtheuseofrenewableenergysources,andcreatingpedestrian-friendlyandbike-friendlyurbanenvironmentstoreducerelianceonprivatevehicles.Ultimately,buildingsustainablecitiesrequirescollaborationamongpolicymakers,urbanplanners,businesses,andresidents.16.Whatistheprimaryconcernaddressedinthepassageregardingurbangrowth?17.Accordingtothepassage,whataretwowaysthatvehicleemissionscontributetourbanproblems?18.Thepassagementionseffortstoaddresswatermanagement.Whatisoneexampleofasustainablewaterpracticediscussed?19.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthegoalofzero-wasteinitiativesincities?20.Whataspectofurbanplanningishighlightedasimportantforsustainabilityaccordingtothepassage?語法與用法部分21.Thecompanyisplanningtoopenseveralnewofficesindifferentregions,_______willcreatemanyjobopportunities.A)whatB)whichC)whoD)that22.Despitefacingnumerouschallenges,theteamremained_______andconfidentintheirabilitytosucceed.A)frustrateB)frustratedC)frustratingD)tofrustrate23.Itisessentialforstudentstodevelopgoodstudyhabits,_______willbenefitthemthroughouttheiracademiccareers.A)whichB)thatC)whoD)whom24.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherwasawareofthechangeintheexamschedule.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)wastheteacherC)weretheteacherD)istheteacher25.Thecommittee,_______consistsofmembersfromvariousdepartments,willmeettomorrowtodiscusstheproject.A)whoB)whomC)whoseD)which26.IfIhadknownyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavebakedacake.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)hadIknownC)wouldknowD)knew27.Sarah,_______atalentedmusician,isalsoanaccomplishedpainter.A)whoisB)sheisC)whoseisD)whichis28.Thebook,_______waspublishedlastyear,hasalreadybecomeabestseller.A)whoseauthorB)whichauthorC)whoseauthorshipD)byitsauthor29.Themanageraskedtheemployeestosubmittheirreportsbytheendoftheday,_______seemedunrealisticgiventheamountofwork.A)itB)whichC)thatD)this30.Neithertheredshirtnortheblueonelookssuitablefortheinterview.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)looktheoneC)lookstheoneD)aretheone31.Herexplanationwassocomplicatedthatitwasdifficulttofollow.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)complicated,itwasC)complicated;itwasD)complicated,anditwas32.Theconstructioncrewfinishedthebridgeaheadofschedule,_______themayorwasverypleased.A)andB)butC)soD)for33.AllofthestudentspassedtheexamexceptJohnandMary.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)exceptJohnorMaryC)exceptforJohnorMaryD)exceptingJohnandMary34.Themuseumexhibitincludesartifactsfromancientcivilizations,_______offerfascinatinginsightsintopastcultures.A)whoB)whichC)thatD)whom35.Sheistheonlypersoninthedepartment_______hascompletedtheprojectunderbudgettwice.A)whoB)whomC)whoseD)that36.Havingstudiedthereportthoroughly,weareconfidentinourconclusions.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)Studiedthereportthoroughly,weareC)Havingthoroughlystudiedthereport,areweD)Tohavestudiedthereportthoroughly,weare37.Theteamcaptain,_______everyonerespects,willmakethefinaldecision.A)whoB)whomC)whoseD)which38.NeithertheticketsnortheT-shirtwasincludedinthepackage.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)weretheT-shirtC)wastheT-shirtD)werethetickets39.Ifyouwanttosucceed,youmustbewillingtoworkhardandpersevere.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)wantingtosucceed,youmustC)tosucceed,youmustwantD)succeed,youmustwillingto40.Thedog,_______barkedloudly,belongedtotheneighboracrossthestreet.A)whichB)thatC)whoseD)who41.Eachstudentreceivedagrade,_______reflectedtheirperformanceontheassignment.A)itB)whichC)thatD)this42.Thecommitteeiscomposedofmembers_______expertisecoversawiderangeofsubjects.A)whoB)whomC)whoseD)which43.Itisimportanttomaintainabalancebetweenworkandpersonallife.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)maintainingabalance,itisC)tomaintainabalance,itisD)maintainedabalance,itis44.ThebookthatyourecommendedisevenmoreinterestingthanIexpected.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)whichrecommendedC)whichyourecommendedD)itrecommended45.Theconference,_______willbeheldnextmonth,focusesonenvironmentalsustainability.A)whichB)whoseC)whereD)when46.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherhavefinishedtheirassignments.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)havetheteacherC)hastheteacherD)havethestudents47.Thecompany'ssuccessislargelyduetothededicationandhardworkofitsemployees.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)dedicatedandhardworking,itsemployeesareC)tothededicationandhardwork,itsemployeesD)itsemployees'dedicationandhardwork48.Theman,_______Ispoketoyesterday,isanexpertinmedievalhistory.A)whoB)thatC)whoseD)which49.IfIhadmoretime,Iwouldhavecompletedtheprojectearlier.A)Thissentenceiscorrectaswritten.B)hadIhadC)havinghadD)wouldhavehad50.Themanager,_______isverydemanding,expectsperfectionfromherteam.A)whoB)whomC)whoseD)which試卷答案1.B解析思路：文章第一段明確指出，“Thearrivaloftherailway,initiallyheraldedasasignofprogress,ultimatelyexacerbatedthetown'sdeclinebyfacilitatingtheexodusofitsyouthanddisruptingthelocaleconomythathadreliedonseasonaltrade.”（鐵路的到來，最初被視為進步的標(biāo)志，最終通過便利年輕人的外流和破壞依賴季節(jié)性貿(mào)易的當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟，加劇了小鎮(zhèn)的衰落。）因此，鐵路的到達(dá)是導(dǎo)致HarmonyCreek初步衰落的主要原因。2.D解析思路：文章第二段提到，“Thetown'sleaders,however,weredeterminedtoadapt.Theypromotedthedevelopmentofnewindustries,mostnotablyasmallbutgrowingfurniturefactorythatutilizedtheabundantoakforestssurroundingthetown.Whilethisprovidedsomeemployment,itcouldnotfullycompensateforthelossofthevibrantagriculturalcommunitythathaddefinedHarmonyforgenerations.”（盡管這提供了一些就業(yè)機會，但它無法完全彌補活力農(nóng)業(yè)社區(qū)損失的代價比之于Harmonygenerations。）這說明家具工廠雖然提供了一些工作，但無法完全彌補農(nóng)業(yè)社區(qū)流失帶來的經(jīng)濟衰退。3.A解析思路：文章第三段描述，“Mr.Henderson,theretiredschoolteacher,startedacommunitylibrary,aimingtoprovideeducationalopportunitiesandaspaceforintellectualexchange.”（Mr.Henderson，一位退休教師，創(chuàng)辦了社區(qū)圖書館，旨在提供教育機會和進行思想交流的空間。）這表明Mr.Henderson創(chuàng)辦圖書館的目的是為了社區(qū)，他致力于社區(qū)的文化遺產(chǎn)保護。4.A解析思路：文章第四段說明，“Thediscoveryofoilafewmilesoutsidetownsparkedabriefeconomicboom,attractingspeculatorsandworkers.Thisinfluxofwealthledtotheconstructionofnewbuildingsandthetemporaryprosperity,butitalsointroducedadifferentkindofsocialdisruption.”（鎮(zhèn)外幾英里處發(fā)現(xiàn)石油引發(fā)了短暫的經(jīng)濟繁榮，吸引了投機者和工人。財富的大量涌入導(dǎo)致了新建筑的建造和暫時的繁榮，但也引入了不同類型的社會混亂。）這說明石油的發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致了短暫的經(jīng)濟繁榮。5.D解析思路：文章整體圍繞HarmonyCreek在工業(yè)化沖擊下經(jīng)歷衰落、嘗試適應(yīng)、努力保護文化遺產(chǎn)以及經(jīng)歷石油繁榮與衰退的過程展開，重點在于展現(xiàn)小鎮(zhèn)在現(xiàn)代化進程中面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和其獨特的韌性及歷史變遷。因此，主旨是HarmonyCreek在現(xiàn)代化壓力下的歷史變遷與社區(qū)韌性。6.A解析思路：文章首段指出“概念of'culturalheritage'hasbeensubjecttovariousinterpretations”，末段總結(jié)“evolutionreflectsbroaderchangesinsocialandpoliticalthought,emphasizingdiversityandtheimportanceofpreservingawiderangeofhumanexperiences.”（演變反映了更廣泛的社會和政治思想變化，強調(diào)了多樣性和保護廣泛人類經(jīng)驗的重要性。）因此，主要目的是探討“culturalheritage”概念的理解和演變過程。7.B解析思路：文章第二段明確說明，“Onekeyfactordrivingthischangehasbeentheactivismofindigenouscommunitiesandethnicminorities.Forcenturies,theculturalpractices,languages,andhistoriesofthesegroupswereoftendismissed...However,throughpersistentadvocacy,theyhavesuccessfullyarguedfortherecognitionoftheirheritageasvitalandvaluablepartsofthecollectivehumanexperience.”（其中一個關(guān)鍵因素是原住民和少數(shù)民族的積極行動。幾個世紀(jì)以來，這些群體的文化實踐、語言和歷史經(jīng)常被忽視……然而，通過不懈的倡導(dǎo)，他們成功地為他們的遺產(chǎn)作為集體人類經(jīng)驗的重要組成部分而被認(rèn)可。）因此，原住民社區(qū)通過倡導(dǎo)成功影響了文化遺產(chǎn)的理解。8.B解析思路：文章第三段提到，“Digitaltoolsofferunprecedentedopportunitiesfordocumentationanddissemination....Thisaccessibility,however,alsoraisesquestionsaboutauthenticityandthepotentialforcommercialization,challengingcommunitiesandinstitutionstonavigatethesecomplexnewlandscapesthoughtfully.”（數(shù)字工具為記錄和傳播提供了前所未有的機會……然而，這種可訪問性也引發(fā)了關(guān)于真實性和商業(yè)化潛力的疑問，挑戰(zhàn)社區(qū)和機構(gòu)深思熟慮地應(yīng)對這些復(fù)雜的新環(huán)境。）因此，潛在挑戰(zhàn)是真實性和商業(yè)化。9.C解析思路：文章第四段對比了tangible和intangibleheritage，“Furthermore,theconceptofheritagenowoftenextendsbeyondtangibleobjectstoincludeintangibleaspectssuchaspractices,performances,knowledge,andskills....Itencouragesafocusonthe傳承(chuanchéng-transmission)ofknowledgeandthecontinuationofculturalpracticesratherthansimplyonstaticpreservation.”（此外，遺產(chǎn)的概念現(xiàn)在通常擴展到超越有形物體，包括實踐、表演、知識和技能等無形方面……它鼓勵關(guān)注知識的傳承和文化遺產(chǎn)的延續(xù)，而不是僅僅關(guān)注靜態(tài)保護。）這表明有形遺產(chǎn)是具體的物體，而無形遺產(chǎn)是知識、技能和實踐等需要傳承的部分。10.B解析思路：通讀全文，作者客觀介紹了文化遺產(chǎn)概念從單一到多元、從物質(zhì)到精神的演變過程，引用了原住民activism、技術(shù)作用等實例，并提及了不同群體的觀點（如聯(lián)合國教科文組織），語氣冷靜、中立，旨在呈現(xiàn)這一發(fā)展歷程和背景，沒有明顯的褒貶色彩，屬于中性或客觀的說明語氣。11.C解析思路：文章核心沖突在于技術(shù)創(chuàng)新對就業(yè)的直接影響，即一方面是擔(dān)心失業(yè)和技能不匹配（critics），另一方面是認(rèn)為技術(shù)最終會創(chuàng)造新工作（proponents）。全文圍繞thisconflict展開。12.A解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段proponents的觀點，“Proponentsoftechnologicalprogressarguethatnewtechnologiescreatemorejobsthantheydestroy,albeitdifferentkindsofjobs.Theypointtothehistoricalexamples...whereshort-termdisruptionswereeventuallyovershadowedbythecreationofentirelynewindustriesandemploymentsectors.”（技術(shù)進步的支持者認(rèn)為新技術(shù)創(chuàng)造的工作比消滅的更多，盡管是不同類型的工作。他們指出……短期干擾最終被新產(chǎn)業(yè)和就業(yè)領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)造所掩蓋。）因此，他們認(rèn)為長期影響是創(chuàng)造比消滅更多的就業(yè)機會。13.B解析思路：文章第三段critics的觀點重點在于，“TheincreasingsophisticationofroboticsandAIalgorithmsmeansthattheycannowperformawiderrangeoftaskspreviouslyconsideredtheexclusivedomainofhumans.Thisraisesconcernsaboutthelong-termemployabilityofworkersinfieldssuchasmanufacturing,dataentry,andevencertainareasofprofessionalservices.”（機器人技術(shù)和人工智能算法的日益復(fù)雜意味著它們現(xiàn)在可以執(zhí)行以前被認(rèn)為是人類專屬領(lǐng)域更廣泛的任務(wù)。這引發(fā)了人們對制造業(yè)、數(shù)據(jù)錄入甚至某些專業(yè)服務(wù)領(lǐng)域工人長期employability的擔(dān)憂。）其中提到的制造業(yè)、數(shù)據(jù)錄入和某些專業(yè)服務(wù)就是具體例子。14.A解析思路：文章第四段提到，“Theriseofremotework,facilitatedbydigitalcommunicationtools,isoneexampleofhowtechnologyhasalreadyreshapedthetraditionalofficemodel.”（遠(yuǎn)程工作（remotework）的興起，有數(shù)字通信工具的促進，是技術(shù)如何已經(jīng)重塑傳統(tǒng)辦公室模式的例子。）因此，遠(yuǎn)程工作是技術(shù)改變工作環(huán)境的一個例子。15.D解析思路：文章結(jié)尾段總結(jié)，“Ultimately,theimpactoftechnologyonemploymentwilldependnotonlyonthenatureoftheinnovationsbutalsoonthepoliciesimplementedbygovernmentsandtheadaptabilityoftheworkforceandeducationalsystems.”（最終，技術(shù)對就業(yè)的影響將不僅取決于創(chuàng)新的性質(zhì)，還取決于政府實施的政策以及勞動力和教育系統(tǒng)的適應(yīng)性。）因此，勞動力和教育系統(tǒng)的適應(yīng)性是決定性因素之一。16.A解析思路：文章首段提出核心問題，“Citieshavelongbeencentersofhumaninnovationandculturalexchange,buttheirgrowthhasoftencomeatasignificantenvironmentalcost.Asglobalpopulationscontinuetourbanize,addressingtheseenvironmentalchallengeshasbecomeincreasinglyurgenttoensurethesustainabilityofcitiesandthewell-beingoftheirinhabitants.”（城市一直是人類創(chuàng)新和文化交流的中心，但它們的增長往往伴隨著巨大的環(huán)境成本。隨著全球人口繼續(xù)城市化，應(yīng)對這些環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)變得日益緊迫，以確保城市的可持續(xù)性和居民的幸福安康。）因此，主要擔(dān)憂是城市增長帶來的環(huán)境成本。17.B,C解析思路：根據(jù)文章第二段，“Oneofthemostpressingissuesisairquality.Vehicleemissions,industrialpollutants,andenergyconsumptioncontributetohighlevelsofparticulatematterandgreenhousegasesinmanyurbancenters.Thesepollutantsnotonlyharmhumanhealth,leadingtorespiratoryproblemsandotherillnesses,butalsocontributetoclimatechange.”（……車輛排放、工業(yè)污染物和能源消耗導(dǎo)致許多城市中心顆粒物和溫室氣體水平升高。這些污染物不僅損害人類健康，導(dǎo)致呼吸系統(tǒng)問題和其他疾病，還加劇了氣候變化。）因此，車輛排放導(dǎo)致顆粒物和溫室氣體水平升高，進而導(dǎo)致健康問題和氣候變化。18.C解析思路：文章第三段提到，“Effortstomitigatethisissueincludeinvestinginefficientwaterdistributionsystems,implementingwaterconservationmeasures,andexploringalternativewatersourceslikerainwaterharvestingandrecycledwater.”（緩解這一問題的努力包括投資于高效的水分配系統(tǒng)、實施節(jié)水措施，以及探索雨水收集和再生水等替代水源。）其中，雨水收集（rainwaterharvesting）是討論的一種可持續(xù)水實踐。19.C解析思路：文章第四段描述，“Somecitiesareexperimentingwithzero-wasteinitiativesandwaste-to-energytechnologiesaspartoftheirsustainabilitystrategies.”（一些城市正在嘗試零廢物倡議和廢物利用技術(shù)作為其可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的一部分。）其中，“zero-wasteinitiatives”指的是零廢物倡議。文章接著說，“Theresultingwaste,however,thatissuccessfullydivertedfromlandfillsthroughtheseprogramscanberecycledorcomposted,furtherreducingtheenvironmentalimpact.”（然而，通過這些計劃成功從填埋場轉(zhuǎn)移的剩余廢物可以回收或堆肥，進一步減少環(huán)境影響。）這表明零廢物倡議的目標(biāo)是將廢物完全從填埋場轉(zhuǎn)移出來，進行回收或堆肥，減少環(huán)境影響。20.A解析思路：文章最后一段強調(diào)，“Beyondthesespecificissues,urbansustainabilityrequiresaholisticapproachthatintegratesenvironmentalconsiderationsintoallaspectsofcityplanningandmanagement.Thisincludesdesigninggreenspaceswithincitiestoimproveairquality,providerecreation,andenhancebiodiversity.Italsoinvolvespromotingenergy-efficientbuildingdesigns,encouragingtheuseofrenewableenergysources,andcreatingpedestrian-friendlyandbike-friendlyurbanenvironmentstoreducerelianceonprivatevehicles.”（……城市可持續(xù)性需要一種整體方法，將環(huán)境考慮因素整合到城市規(guī)劃和管理的所有方面。這包括在城市內(nèi)部設(shè)計綠地以提高空氣質(zhì)量、提供休閑場所并增強生物多樣性。它還涉及推廣節(jié)能建筑設(shè)計、鼓勵使用可再生能源以及創(chuàng)造步行友好和自行車友好的城市環(huán)境，以減少對私家車的依賴。）其中提到的“designinggreenspaceswithincities”（在城市內(nèi)部設(shè)計綠地）是城市規(guī)劃的一個方面。21.B解析思路：句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+謂語+分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語”。逗號后的分詞短語“_______willcreatemanyjobopportunities”是對前面“openseveralnewoffices”這一動作的結(jié)果的補充說明。which指代前面整個分詞短語動作的內(nèi)容（即“開設(shè)新辦公室這件事”），在非限制性定語從句中指代物時，應(yīng)用which。what不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；who指代人；that在非限制性定語從句中通常不指代整個動作或事件。22.B解析思路：空格處需要填入一個形容詞作表語，修飾主語“theteam”。句子的主語是“theteam”，是單數(shù)，謂語動詞“remained”也是單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)句意“盡管面臨許多挑戰(zhàn)，團隊仍然保持……和自信”，應(yīng)填入表示“感到沮喪的”這一狀態(tài)的單數(shù)形容詞。frustrated是形容詞，意為“感到沮喪的”，符合語法和句意。frustrate是動詞，不符合語法；frustrating是形容詞，意為“令人沮喪的”，主語應(yīng)為單數(shù)；tofrustrate是不定式，不符合語法。23.A解析思路：句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+系動詞+表語從句”。逗號后的從句“_______willbenefitthemthroughouttheiracademiccareers”是對前面“itisessentialforstudentstodevelopgoodstudyhabits”這一情況的補充說明或結(jié)果。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，可以在從句中作主語、賓語、介詞賓語等，這里which指代前面整個主句“itisessentialforstudentstodevelopgoodstudyhabits”所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容（即“培養(yǎng)良好學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣這件事”），在從句中作主語，符合語法和句意。that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；who指代人；whom在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時，先行詞通常指人。24.A解析思路：根據(jù)主謂一致原則，“Neither...nor...”連接的并列主語在語法上視為主語單數(shù)。因此，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式“was”。選項B、C、D都使用了復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞，不符合主謂一致原則。25.D解析思路：句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+謂語+定語從句”。逗號后的從句“_______consistsofmembersfromvariousdepartments”是修飾先行詞“thecommittee”的定語從句。從句中缺少主語，指代“委員會”，應(yīng)用which。who指代人；whom在從句中作賓語；whose指代物或人的所有格。26.A解析思路：句子“IfIhadknownyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavebakedacake.”是典型的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)與過去事實相反的假設(shè)。如果從句省略if，需要將助動詞had提至主語前，即“HadIknownyouwerecoming...”。但保留if是完全正確的。hadIknown不是正確的省略形式；wouldknow和knew都不符合虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)。27.A解析思路：句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“名詞+逗號+同位語從句”。逗號后的從句“_______atalentedmusician”是對前面名詞“Sarah”的解釋說明。同位語從句用that引導(dǎo)，that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用。從句缺少主語，that指代Sarah，符合語法。sheis不是從句結(jié)構(gòu)；whoseis是所有格結(jié)構(gòu)；whichis指代物時，先行詞應(yīng)為物。28.D解析思路：句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“名詞+逗號+定語從句”。逗號后的從句“______waspublishedlastyear”是修飾先行詞“thebook”的定語從句。從句中缺少主語，指代“這本書”，應(yīng)用byitsauthor來表達(dá)“由其作者”出版。whoseauthor是所有格結(jié)構(gòu)，不符合語法；whichauthor指代物時，先行詞應(yīng)為物；whoseauthorship指代物主的身份或所有權(quán)，不符合句意和語法。29.B解析思路：句子結(jié)構(gòu)為“主句+逗號+非限制性定語從句”。主句是“Themanageraskedtheemployeestosubmittheirreportsbytheendoftheday”。逗號后的從句“______