Unit3

Sportsandfitness

DiscoverUsefulStructures

Attheendofthislesson,studentsareableto:1.Graspthesentencestructuresofthetagquestions.2.Obtainthecorrectintonationofthetagquestions.3.Makeaconversationusingthetagquestionsincorrectsituations.LearningobjectivesWatchandFindYoucanrepeatthequestions,can’tyou?You’veleftthepicnicinthecar,haven’tyou?We’relost,aren’twe?He’squitebig,isn’the?Mr.Skinnylegsisbig,isn’the?You’renotscared,areyou?Youcanrepeatthequestions,can’tyou?Whatistagquestion?ReadandObserve陳述部分You’veleftthepicnicinthecar,haven’tyou?We’relost,aren’twe?He’squitebig,isn’the?Mr.Skinnylegsisbig,isn’the?You’renotscared,areyou?

附加疑問部分atagquestion(附加疑問句/反意疑問句)Youareastudent,aren'tyou?Hedoesn’tlikeicecream,doeshe?TheyhaveneverbeentoBeijing,havethey?Comealongwithme,willyou?附加疑問句由兩部分組成，_______________________。附加疑問部分一般由_________________________和表示主語(yǔ)的_____構(gòu)成。陳述句為_____形式時(shí)，附加疑問部分用_____形式；陳述句為_____形式時(shí)，附加疑問部分用_____式。陳述部分+附加疑問部分助動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞代詞肯定肯定否定否定1.組成原則：前肯定后否定或前否定后肯定。陳述部分帶有seldom,hardly,never,rarely,few,little,no,nobody，nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí)，疑問部分用肯定形式注意：如果陳述部分出現(xiàn)否定前綴un-,in-,im-,dis-或后綴-less，該陳述部分作肯定處理，附加疑問部分一般仍用否定形式。如：Hewasunsuccessful,wasn'the?Tomdislikesthebook,doesn'the?Basicformsoftagquestions1.Hedoesn’tknowher,↗doeshe?（表疑問）2.Ican’tcomein,↗canI?（表請(qǐng)求）3.Theyarecoming,↘aren'tthey?（表求證）4.Let’sgo,↘shallwe?（表征求同意）陳述部分一般用降調(diào)，而附加疑問部分既可以用升調(diào)也可以用降調(diào)，含義不同。通常情況下，升調(diào)多表示疑問或請(qǐng)求；降調(diào)多表示求證或希望對(duì)方同意。Intonationoftagquestions根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答，事實(shí)是肯定的用yes+肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，反之用no+否定結(jié)構(gòu)。在前否后肯的結(jié)構(gòu)中，yes譯成“不”，no譯成“是”。

—Hissisterdidn'tattendthemeeting,didshe?

他妹妹沒有參加會(huì)議，是嗎?—Yes,shedid.不，她參加了。—Helikesplayingfootball,doesn'the?

他喜歡踢足球，不是嗎？—No,hedoesn’t.不是，他不喜歡。Answertotagquestions1.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，附加疑問部分的主語(yǔ)必須用人稱代詞來代替。2.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是指示代詞this、that時(shí)，附加疑問部分的主語(yǔ)用it代替；指示代詞是these、those時(shí)，附加疑問部分的主語(yǔ)用they代替。3.陳述部分若用指人的不定代詞everyone、everybody、someone、noone、somebody、nobody等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其附加疑問部分的主語(yǔ)常用they，有時(shí)也用he；若陳述部分用不定代詞something、nothing、everything等作主語(yǔ)，附加疑問部分的主語(yǔ)用it。Yourbrotherhasgonetothelibrary,hasn'the?Thatisn'tausefulbook,isit?Thesearegrapes,aren'tthey?Nooneisatschoolnow,arethey?Everythingisreadynow,isn'tit?Subjectoftagquestions4.當(dāng)陳述部分為主從復(fù)合句時(shí)，附加疑問部分一般應(yīng)與主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。注意：當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I，謂語(yǔ)是think,believe,suppose,expect,

imagine,suspect這類動(dòng)詞時(shí)，附加疑問部分則往往與從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，但要注意否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。ShesaysthatIdidit,doesn'tshe?Itoldthemnoteverybodycoulddoit,didn'tI?Isupposethathe'sserious,isn'the?Idon'tthinkshecares,doesshe?5.陳述句子中的主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或其他短語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問部分的主語(yǔ)通常用it。

6.陳述部分為表示“存在”的Therebe...句式時(shí)，附加疑問部分仍用there。7.如果陳述部分是以代詞one作主語(yǔ)，附加疑問句中的主語(yǔ)在正式場(chǎng)合用one，非正式場(chǎng)合用you,在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中，在非正式場(chǎng)合還可以用he。Learninghowtorepairmotorstakesalongtime,doesn'tit?Betweensixandsevenwillsuityou,won'tit?Wheretoholdthemeetinghasnotbeendecided,hasit?There'snohelpforit,isthere?There'ssomethingwrong,isn'tthere?Onecan'tbetoocareful,canone?(或canyou?)Oneshoulddohisduty,shouldn'the?8.當(dāng)陳述部分的主語(yǔ)是I,而句子又是用來征詢對(duì)方的意見時(shí),附加疑問句中的主語(yǔ)用you。9.陳述句主語(yǔ)由neither...nor...或者both...and...連接，反意疑問句部分的主語(yǔ)根據(jù)實(shí)際意義而定。IfindEnglishveryinteresting,don'tyou?Idon'tlikethatfilm,doyou?NeitheryounorIamwrong,arewe？Bothyouandhearedoctors,aren’tyou?Exercise11.Idon’tthinkthatthenecklaceismadeofdiamond,

?2.Sheisunfitforthejob,

?3.Everythingbeginstogrowinspring,

?

4.Don’tmakesomuchnoiseinpublicplaces,

?5.Idon’tthinkyouhaveheardofhimbefore,

?6.Marythinksyouwillcometotheparty,

?7.Letuswaitforyouinthereading-room,

?8.Cometohavesupperwithusthisevening,

?will/won’tyouwillyouisitisn’tshedoesn’titwillyouhaveyoudoesn’tshe1.含have/has附加疑問句(1)當(dāng)have為助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，附加疑問句用同樣的助動(dòng)詞。(2)若表示“擁有”，附加疑問句可以用have,也可以用do;但是若陳述句部分用的是have的否定式，附加疑問句用have還是用do,取決于陳述部分的動(dòng)詞形式。(3)若表示“吃，玩”等意思，附加疑問句要用do。Thesheephasalreadyarrived,hasn’the?Youhaveanewbike,haven't/don'tyou?Shedoesn'thaveanymoneyinherpocket,doesshe?Hehasagreattimeatthesportsmeeting,doesn’the?Verboftagquestions2.含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞附加疑問句(1)陳述句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have/hasto(必須)時(shí)，疑問部分用do的相應(yīng)形式。(2)陳述句含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，疑問句重復(fù)同樣情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。(3)當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞usedto時(shí)，疑問部分可用usedn't或didn't。

(4)當(dāng)陳述部分帶有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞oughtto時(shí)，疑問部分用oughtn't或shouldn't。

Theyhavetogothere,don’tthey？Hehastoleaveearly,doesn’the？Weshouldcheerheron,shouldn'twe?Theoldmanusedtosmoke,didn't/usedn'the?Tomusedtolivehere,usedn't/didn'the?Heoughttoknowtheanswer,oughtn'the?Weoughttoreadthisbook,oughtn't/shouldn'twe?(5)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must表示“必須”“有必要”時(shí)，疑問部分用mustn’t/needn’t;若陳述部分有mustn’t表示“禁止”，疑問部分用must.表“推測(cè)”時(shí),疑問部分多與must之后的動(dòng)詞形式和時(shí)態(tài)與句子主語(yǔ)保持一致musthavedone對(duì)過去情況推測(cè):若強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成(沒有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))疑問部分用haven’t/hasn’t+主語(yǔ);若強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)過去情況的推測(cè)(一般有過去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)),疑問部分用didn't+主語(yǔ)。Youmusthavemadeamistake,haven'tyou?Theymusthaveseenthefilmlastweek,didn'tthey?Hemustbeinthelibrary,isn'the?Youmustworkhardnextterm,mustn’tyou?Imustanswertheletter,mustn’tI?3.含祈使句的附加疑問句(1)肯定的祈使句的附加問句可用willyou或won’tyou,

否定的祈使句的附加問句用willyou.(2)以let’s開頭的祈使句，附加疑問部分用shallwe；注：如果含義是allowus，不包括聽話人在內(nèi)，疑問部分用willyou。Let'shaveabasketballmatchthisafternoon,shallwe?Letusgooutforarest,willyou?Listentomecarefully,will/won’tyou?Gowithme,willyou/won'tyou?Don’tplaywithfire,willyou?Don'tdothatagain,willyou?(1)陳述句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是wish，表示愿望時(shí)用may，且用肯定形式。

(2)當(dāng)陳述部分含有hadbetter時(shí)，疑問部分用had。(3)當(dāng)陳述部分是Iam...時(shí)，附加疑問部分通常要用aren'tI；

當(dāng)陳述部分是Iamnot...時(shí)，附加疑問部分通常要用amI。(4)當(dāng)陳述部分是并列句，附加疑問句則需和就近的分句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)保持一致。(5)感嘆句后的附加疑問句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且常用否定形式。

。Whatacleverboy,isn'the?XiaoLinhasbeenwritinglettersallafternoonbutheshouldfinishthemnow,shouldn't

he?4.特殊情況IwishtohaveachancetolearnEnglish,mayI?You'dbetterfinishyourhomeworknow,hadn'tyou?I'mlateforthemeeting,aren'tI?I'mnotdoingwell,amI?Exercise21.

Fewofthemwereinjuredintheaccidentlastnight,

they?2.Motherusedtoliveinapoorvillage,

she?3.Everythingbeginstogrowinspring,

it??

4.Sarahhadherwashingmachinerepairedthedaybeforeyesterday,

?5.YouhadsometroublefindingwhereIlive,

you?6.Theymusthavestayedathomelastnight,

they?7.You’dbetterhaveadayoffsothatyoucanlookafteryoursickmother,

you?weredidn't/usedn’tdoesn’tdidn’tshedidn’tdidn’thadn’tReadtheconversationsbelowandunderlinethetagquestionsandtheiranswers.Whatfunctionsdothetagquestionshave?1.Amy:It'snotarealsport,isit?

ShenQi:Yes,itis.2.Adam:Thatsoundsinteresting,doesn'tit?

Julie:Sure,itdoes.3.LinTao:Hi!It'sabeautifulday,isn'tit?

HanJing:Yes,itis.I'mgoingtoplaysoccer.Canyoucomealongandjoinus?

LinTao:Sorry,Ican't.I'vegottomeetmyadviser.Bytheway,ourschoolsoccerteamwonatlast,didn'tthey?

HanJing:No,theydidn't.It'stoobad.Function:expressinguncertainty表達(dá)不確定性

Function:askingforapproval尋求認(rèn)可

Function:expressinguncertainty表達(dá)不確定性Function:askingforapproval尋求認(rèn)可

Completetheconversationswithappropriatetagquestionsorcorrectanswers.Thenactthemout.1.A:It’snotgoingtorain,isit? B:__________.It’sagooddayforsports. A:Thenwecanplayfootball,________?

B:___________.Wedon’thaveaball.2.A:It’sSportsDaynextThursday,_______?B:You’reright,itis.Let’saskXiaLeiifshewantstojoinateam.A:Shelikessoccer,__________?B:______________.Butshelovesvolleyball.Shecouldbeinthevolleyballteam.No,itisn’tcan’tweNo,wecan’tisn’titdoesn’tsheNo,shedoesn’tCompletetheconversationswithappropriatetagquestionsorcorrectanswers.Thenactthemout.3.A:It’stimeforbadmintonclass.Whereisthecoach?He’slate,_______?B:It’sbeen10minutesalready.Heisn’tcoming,_____?A:Cool!Wecanhaveagoodtime.That’sgreat!B:Shh!A:Ohno,he’srightbehindme,______?C:Yes,Iam!isn’theisheisn’theWorkinpairs.Usetagquestionstorole-playoneofthesituationsbelow.A:TheSportsDayiscomingsoon,isn’tit?B:Yes,itis.Theyneedsomevolunteers,don’tthey?A:Yes,theydo.Weshouldvolunteer,shouldn’twe?B:Yes,weshould.Sample1Workinpairs.Usetagquestionstorole-playoneofthesituationsbelow.A:Wow,Adamcanjumpreallyhigh,can’the?B:Hesurecan!Wearegoingtowin,aren’twe?A:Ithinkso.Theotherteammustscore10pointsintwominutes.Itcan’tbedone,canit?Sample2WorkBook:

Addtagquestionstothestatements.1.Let’sgoandworkoutinthegym,____________?2.Youdon’ttakepartinamarathonwhenyou’reill,____________?3.TurnofftheTV,____________________?4.She’sdoingallshecanforusintimesofstress,sowemustbackherup,____________?5.Henrythinksyouarecheatingyourfriends,____________?6.Andy’sneverbeenanythingbutafriendlyguy,____________?7.Emilyhadtocutoutsugarfromherdietasherdoctorsuggested,____________?8.There’sgoingtobeatalkonwellnessandfitnessnextweek,____________?shallwedoyoumustn’twewill/won’t/can/can’t