七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)期末復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)一、核心詞匯梳理（一）話題分類詞匯1.學(xué)校生活（SchoolLife）學(xué)科類：Chinese,math,English,science,P.E.,art,music,history設(shè)施與人員：classroom,library,playground,teacher,classmate,monitor*例句*：WehaveamusiclessononFriday.（周五我們有一節(jié)音樂課。）2.家庭與日常（Family&DailyLife）家庭成員：father,mother,sister,brother,grandparent,cousin日?；顒?dòng)：getup,havebreakfast,gotoschool,dohomework,watchTV,gotobed*例句*：Mycousinoftenhelpsmewithmyhomework.（我的表哥經(jīng)常幫我做作業(yè)。）3.天氣與季節(jié)（Weather&Seasons）天氣：sunny,rainy,cloudy,windy,snowy,hot,cold,warm,cool季節(jié)：spring,summer,autumn,winter活動(dòng)：flykites,swim,makeasnowman,pickapples*例句*：It’swindytoday.Let’sflykitesinthepark.（今天有風(fēng)，我們?nèi)ス珗@放風(fēng)箏吧。）（二）易混淆詞匯辨析too/also/either：too用于肯定句末尾：*IlikeEnglishtoo.*also用于句中（be動(dòng)詞后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前）：*Sheisalsoastudent.*either用于否定句末尾：*Idon’tlikematheither.*some/any：some用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑問句：*Wouldyoulikesomewater?*any用于否定句和一般疑問句：*Doyouhaveanyquestions?*二、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)精講（一）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.結(jié)構(gòu)與用法be動(dòng)詞（am/is/are）：主語(yǔ)為I時(shí)用am：*Iamhappytoday.*主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)（he/she/it/單數(shù)名詞）用is：*Heisateacher.Thecatiscute.*主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)（we/you/they/復(fù)數(shù)名詞）用are：*Wearefriends.Thebooksareonthedesk.*實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)（he/she/it/單數(shù)名詞）時(shí)，動(dòng)詞加-s/-es：一般加s：*play→plays,like→likes*以s/x/sh/ch結(jié)尾加es：*watch→watches,fix→fixes*以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i加es：*study→studies*其他人稱用動(dòng)詞原形：*Weplaybasketballafterschool.*2.否定與疑問be動(dòng)詞的否定：在be后加not：*I’mnotlate.Heisn’tbusy.*be動(dòng)詞的疑問：將be提前：*AreyoufromChina?Issheyoursister?*實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的否定：加don’t/doesn’t（第三人稱單數(shù)用doesn’t，動(dòng)詞還原）：*Idon’tlikecoffee.Hedoesn’tplayfootball.*實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的疑問：加Do/Does（第三人稱單數(shù)用Does，動(dòng)詞還原）：*Doyougotoschoolbybike?Doesshehaveapet?*（二）名詞單復(fù)數(shù)1.規(guī)則變化一般加s：*book→books,pen→pens*以s/x/sh/ch結(jié)尾加es：*box→boxes,brush→brushes*以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i加es：*city→cities,baby→babies*以f/fe結(jié)尾，變f/fe為v加es：*leaf→leaves,knife→knives*（特殊：*roof→roofs*）2.不規(guī)則變化單復(fù)數(shù)同形：*sheep→sheep,fish→fish*（指“魚的條數(shù)”時(shí)）特殊變化：*man→men,child→children,foot→feet*（三）代詞1.人稱代詞（主格/賓格/物主代詞）類型主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞--------------------------------------------------------------第一人稱單數(shù)Imemymine第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)weusourours第二人稱單/復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryours第三人稱單數(shù)（男）hehimhishis第三人稱單數(shù)（女）sheherherhers第三人稱單數(shù)（物）itititsits第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirs*例句*：*Thisismybook.Yoursisoverthere.*（這是我的書，你的在那邊。）2.指示代詞this（近指，單數(shù)）/these（近指，復(fù)數(shù)）：*Thisisadog.Thesearedogs.*that（遠(yuǎn)指，單數(shù)）/those（遠(yuǎn)指，復(fù)數(shù)）：*Thatisatree.Thosearetrees.*（四）形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)1.規(guī)則變化單音節(jié)詞：一般加er：*tall→taller,fast→faster*以e結(jié)尾加r：*nice→nicer,late→later*重讀閉音節(jié)（輔元輔）雙寫末尾字母加er：*big→bigger,hot→hotter*以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i加er：*happy→happier,easy→easier*多音節(jié)詞：加more：*beautiful→morebeautiful,interesting→moreinteresting*2.不規(guī)則變化good/well→better；bad/badly→worse；many/much→more三、重點(diǎn)句型歸納（一）Therebe句型1.結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句：*Thereis/are+某物/人+地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間*單數(shù)/不可數(shù)用is：*Thereisabookonthedesk.Thereissomewaterintheglass.*復(fù)數(shù)用are：*Therearethreeapplesinthebag.*否定句：在is/are后加not：*Thereisn’tacathere.Therearen’tanyflowersinthegarden.*一般疑問句：將is/are提前：*Isthereaparknearhere?Arethereanystudentsintheclassroom?*2.就近原則Therebe句型中，be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由靠近be的名詞決定：*Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.*（pen是單數(shù)，用is）*Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.*（books是復(fù)數(shù)，用are）（二）問路與指路問路：*Excuseme,whereisthe...?/HowcanIgetto...?*指路：*Gostraightandturnleft/rightatthe...crossing.**It’snextto/acrossfrom/between...and...**例句*：—*Excuseme,whereisthelibrary?*—*Gostraightandturnrightatthesecondcrossing.It’snexttothehospital.*（三）請(qǐng)求與建議請(qǐng)求幫助：*Canyouhelpme?/Couldyouplease...?*建議：*Let’s.../Whynot...?/Howabout...?**例句*：*Let’sgotothemoviesthisweekend.*（這個(gè)周末我們?nèi)タ措娪鞍伞＃?Whynotasktheteacherforhelp?*（為什么不向老師求助呢？）四、閱讀與寫作備考技巧（一）閱讀理解1.題型應(yīng)對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)理解題：找關(guān)鍵詞（如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)），回原文定位，對(duì)比選項(xiàng)。主旨大意題：看首尾段/每段首句，總結(jié)核心內(nèi)容。推理判斷題：結(jié)合上下文，理解隱含意思，排除絕對(duì)化選項(xiàng)。2.技巧訓(xùn)練限時(shí)閱讀：每天練習(xí)1-2篇，控制時(shí)間（如10分鐘/篇）。標(biāo)注關(guān)鍵：用鉛筆圈出人名、地名、轉(zhuǎn)折詞（*but,however*）等。（二）書面表達(dá)1.寫作結(jié)構(gòu)開頭：點(diǎn)明主題（如介紹自己、描述事件）。中間：分2-3點(diǎn)展開，用連接詞（*first,then,finally*）。結(jié)尾：總結(jié)或表達(dá)感受/愿望。2.高分技巧多用學(xué)過的句型（如*Therebe*、*Ithink...*、*It’s+adj.+todo...*）。檢查語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤（單復(fù)數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)、拼寫）。*范文示例*：《MySchool》Myschoolisbigandbeautiful.Therearethreebuildingsandalargeplayground.WehaveclassesfromMondaytoFriday.MyfavoritesubjectisEnglishbecausemyteacherisverykind.Afterschool,Ioftenplaybasketballwithmyfriends.Ilovemyschool!五、期末備考策略（一）分階段復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)鞏固期（1-2周）：整理課本單詞、短語(yǔ)，背誦重點(diǎn)句型，復(fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法筆記。專項(xiàng)突破期（1周）：針對(duì)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)（如語(yǔ)法、閱讀）做專項(xiàng)練習(xí)，整理錯(cuò)題。模擬沖刺期（1周）：做2-3套真題/模擬卷，限時(shí)完成，適應(yīng)考試節(jié)奏