Grammar1.understandthetypesofverbsandbasicsentencestructures.2.createsentencesusingthelearnedverbsandsentencestructures—S+V,S+V+OandS+V+P.LearningobjectivesWhatcanyouthinkof?Leaves______upontheground.Farmers_______crops.harvestfallWhatarethedifferencesbetweentheverbs“fall”and“harvest”?LeadinThinkandanswerLeavesfall.Farmersharvestcrops.Theverbfalldoesn’tneedanobjecttofollowit.Theverbharvestneedsanobject(crops)tofollowit.Verbscanbetransitiveorintransitive.Transitiveverbs(vt.)needanobject.Theydon’tmakesensewithoutone.Butintransitiveverbs(vi.)don’tneedanobjecttomakesense.Manyverbscanbeusedbothways.transitiveverb(vt.)intransitiveverb(vi.)e.g.Thetemperaturedrops.Milliefliesakite.Verbsandsentencestructures(I)Presentation行為動詞有實在的意義，可在句中充當謂語，表示動作或狀態(tài)。行為動詞可分為及物動詞(transitiveverbs)和不及物動詞(intransitiveverbs)。行為動詞（實義動詞）不及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞或不及物動詞①Theyrunatoncewithoutsayingaword.

②Johniswalkingintheparknow.不及物動詞本身意義完整，不能直接加賓語，如果要加賓語必須在動詞后面加上相應(yīng)的介詞。他們什么也不說立刻跑開了。約翰現(xiàn)在正在公園里散步。及物動詞本身意義不夠完整，后面需接賓語。①Peterlikeslisteningtomusic

everyday.

②David

isgoingtovisitamuseum

nextweekend.皮特每天喜歡聽音樂。戴維打算下周末去參觀博物館。組成句子的成分叫句子成分。句子成分由詞或詞組充當。句子成分句子的基本成分有七種：subject(主語)predicate(謂語)object(賓語)attribute(定語)adverbial(狀語)complement(補語)predicative(表語)句子的“主角”（誰/什么做動作、是什么）句子的“核心動作/狀態(tài)”（由動詞擔任）動作的“對象”（跟在行為動詞后）跟在系動詞后，“補充說明主語”（是什么/怎么樣）專門修飾名詞（常放在名詞前）不改變句子核心，但補充“時間、地點、方式、程度”等細節(jié)補充說明賓語/主語”，讓意思更完整Thebasicpartsofasentencearethesubject(S),theverb(V)andtheobject(O).Therearetwobasicsentencestructures.S+V→Thetemperaturedrops.S+V+O→Milliefliesakite.SVOSVDavidlovessummer.(love,vt.)Thegirlsareswimming.(swim,vi.)Theboysareplayingfootball.(play,vt.)Theboysareplayinginthepark.(play,vi.)SVOSVSVOSVReadthesentencesandanalysetheirstructures.Theskyisblue.Theleavesturnyellow.ReadandfindWhatarethebasicpartsofthesentences?SSVVPPTheskyisblue.Theleavesturnyellow.SVPSVPAlinkingverb(linkingv.)linksasubjecttoanadjective(phrase)oranoun(phrase)thatdescribesit.Thiswordorphraseiscalledthepredicative(P)andthesentencestructureissubject(S)+linkingverb(V)+predicative(P).①Heis

adoctor.②Thestorysoundsveryinteresting.

③Thelittleboy`sfaceturnedred.連系動詞主要指be動詞、感官動詞（look、sound、feel、smell、taste）、表示“變，變成”的動詞（become、get、grow、turn）、表示“保持”的動詞（remain、keep、stay）和表示“似乎”的動詞（seem、appear）等。連系動詞本身具有詞義，但意義不完整，后需接表語。他是個醫(yī)生。這個故事聽起來很有趣。那個小男孩的臉變紅了。連系動詞一狀態(tài)：be二表像：seem/appear三保持：remain/keep/stay四變：become/get/grow/turn五感：look/sound/feel/smell/tasteTIPCommonlinkingverbsare:bebecomefeelgetgrowlookseemsmellsoundstaytasteturn1Winterarrives. ____________2Itiscoldandsnowy.

____________3Thesnowisfallingontheground.

____________4Ilikesnowmen.

____________5MyfriendsandIaremakingsnowmen.

____________6Mysnowmanlooksfunny.

____________S+VS+V+PS+VS+V+OS+V+OS+V+PMillieiswritingaboutwinter.Writedownthecorrectstructureforeachofhersentences.PracticeSpringisalovelyseason.Theweatherisnice.Thesunshines.Thebirdssingamongflowers.Theflowerssmellwonderful.SometimesIgotothepark.Iwatchthebeautifulbutterfliesthere.Theyflyhappily.S+V+PS+V+PS+VS+VS+V+PS+VS+V+OS+VDavidiswritingaboutspring.Underlinealltheverbsinhiswritingandwritethemainstructureofeachsentence.PracticeUnderlinetheverbineachsentenceandwritedownthemainstructureofthesentence.1.Wehavefourseasons.2.Theyarequitedifferent.3.Springiswarmandsunny.4.Weflykites.5.Welikesummer.6.Icecreamtastesnice.7.Autumnarrives.8.Snowfalls.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________S+V+OS+V+PS+V+PS+V+OS+V+OS+V+PS+VS+VPracticeS+V主+謂S+V

+

O主+謂+賓S+V

+

P主+謂+表不及物及物連系動詞謂語不及物動詞：不及物動詞