JohnSnowDefeatedKingCholeraUNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSReadingAndThinkingAreyoufamiliarwiththesesituation?Besidescoronavirus,whatotherkindsofepidemicsdoyouknow?WatchavideoaboutcholeraWhatarethesymptoms(癥狀)ofCholera？severevomiting(嘔吐)diarrhea(腹瀉)dehydration(脫水)JohnSnow,(bornMarch15,1813,York,Yorkshire,England—diedJune16,1858,London),Englishroyalphysicianknownforhisseminalstudiesofcholeraandwidelyviewedasthefatherofcontemporaryepidemiology.JohnSnowDefeatsKingCholeraLookatthetitleandthenlistentothepassagetogetinformationabouttheinfectiousdisease.Who?How?What?Thetextismainlyabout___________and_____hedefeated____________.JohnSnowhowCholeraWhatdoes“King”implyinthetitle?Choleraispowerfulandhardtocure

Discussthefollowingstagesofscientificresearchingroups.Whatoderwouldyouputthemin?findaproblemaskaquestionthinkofamethodcollectdata

analysetheresults

findsupportingevidencedrawaconclusionJohnSnowDefeatsKingCholera

collectedanalyseddatafoundthecauseofthediseasedefeatedit

How?Usethestagesinexamininganewscientificideatodescribeeachparagraph.para1para2para3para4para5findaproblemaskaquestioncollectdatafindsupportingevidencedrawaconclusionWhatcausescholera?Whichtheoryiscorrect?Markinformationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdie.Findotherevidencetoconfirmtheconclusion.Thewateristoblame.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexaminedsothatitissafe.P1JohnSnowA

_________doctor

who

even

attend

_______________when

she

gave

birth.

He

had

desire

to

________________once

and

for

all.famousQueen

Victoriadestroy

choleraTheory1:causedby________Theory2:causedby________aninfectionfromgermsbadairWhichtheorydidhesubscribeto?Whatwerethetwocontradictorytheories?P2P31.WhatmethoddidJohnSnowuse?2.Whatdidhefindonthemap?Whatdidhedotodealwithit?AmapofBroadStreetManydeathshappenedhere.Nodeathshappenedhere.beerpubFindsupportingevidence&DrawaconclusionPlacePersonEventInanotherpartofLondon

AwomanandherdaughterDiedofcholerabecauseofdrinkingthewaterdeliveredfromthepump

Remove

thehandleofthepumpThediseasewasstopped.Pumpwatercarriedthecholeragerms.ReadfromPara.2-3againandcompletethechartbelow.A:Itwasbelievedthatcholerawascausedbybad____orgermsin_______________.C:Manydeathsoccurrednearthe___________inBroadStreet.Somepeople__________drunkthewaterfromthepump,andlived.D:Thepumpwatercarried____________.E:The_______ofthepumpwasremoved.B:Snow___________________theplaces

wherethepeoplewho_____hadlivedAwomanandherdaughterdiedinanotherpartofLondonafter________________________.airfoodorwatermarkedonthemapdiedwaterpumphadn’tdrinkingwaterfromthepumpcholeragermshandleP4ThewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThamesthatwaspollutedby

.WhatcausedtheoutbreakofcholerainLondonin1854?rawwasteP5Watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwater.Thethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsawasubstantialdecrease.WeknowhowtopreventcholerathankstotheworkofJohnSnow.Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases.WhatcontributionsdidJohnSnowmake?AskquestionsOnewaytoapproachareadingpassageistoaskquestionsaboutit.Askingquestionscanhelpyouunderstandthecotent.Itcanalsohelpyouthinkmoredeeplyaboutthetopic.PostReadingWriteoutthequestionsaccordingtotheanswer.A:Snowthoughtthatcholerawascausedbygermsinfoodorwater.A:Snowhadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Q:WhatQ:WhydidJohnSnowthinkcausedthecholera?didJohnSnowhavethehandlefromthepumpremoved？Q:Howwasthecholera?A:ThecholerathreatwasdefeatedthankstotheworkofJohnSnow.WhatqualitiesdoyouthinktheJohnhas?bravedeterminedstrong-willeddetail-oriented(注重細(xì)節(jié)的)rigorous(嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)?/carefulhard-workinginnovative(創(chuàng)新的)passionate(有激情的)ambitiousdeligentSupposeyouwereatimetravelerandhappenedtobetheassistantofJohnSnow,canyougivetheboysomeadviceonsavinghisfather?Combinedwiththemodernmedicalknowledge,howtopreventthecholera?SafeWater(安全用水)-Drink:Boiled/chlorinated/filteredwater(煮沸/氯化/過濾水)-Avoid:Untreatedwater(未處理水)-Store:Clean,coveredcontainers(干凈密封容器)Sanitation&Hygiene(衛(wèi)生防疫)-Toilets:Improvedfacilities(改良衛(wèi)生設(shè)施)→Noopendefecation(禁止露天排便)-Hands:Soap+safewater(肥皂+安全水)→Beforeeating/aftertoilet(飯前便后)-Surfaces:Disinfect(消毒)→Kitchencounters/doorknobs(廚房臺面/門把手)Combinedwiththemodernmedicalknowledge,howtopreventthecholera?FoodSafety(食品安全)-Eat:Thoroughlycooked,hotfood(徹底煮熟的熱食)-Avoid:Rawseafood(生海鮮)/undercookedfood(未煮熟食物)/unpasteurizeddairy(未巴氏殺菌乳制品)-Fruits/