第8講被動語態(tài)2026年高考英語語法專項突破（全國通用）

（語法講義+模擬練習(xí)+真題操練）

內(nèi)容提要

思維導(dǎo)圖表格呈現(xiàn)對點練習(xí)單題突破綜合提升

「核心：強調(diào)動作承受者，表‘被執(zhí)行"

/一核，咯構(gòu)：be動詞+過去分詞（befifi時態(tài)/單復(fù)數(shù)變）

被動語態(tài)基礎(chǔ)補齊勺構(gòu).口語：get+過去分詞（如getstolen）

\樸本啊一情態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去5澗（如mustbedone）

,常用句式：肯定/否定/一般疑問腐殊疑問（均圍繞be+過去分詞）

f現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are+過去分詞

一般過去時：was/were+過去分詞

分時態(tài)被動結(jié)構(gòu)進行時：am/is/are/was/v/ere+being+過去分詞

將來時：willbe+過去分送

have/has/hadbeen+過去5^

雙賓語轉(zhuǎn)換：直接其作對口to/for,間接賓作主直）妾用

典型用法X直合賓語轉(zhuǎn)換：賓和陳留，感官/使役動詞'to"還原

動詞短語轉(zhuǎn)換：不省介詞/副詞（如getridof）

系動詞+表語（look/smell/get等）

副詞（sell/wash/write等表屬性）

measure/weigh接短語（表“測量/稱重起來”）

主動衰被動場景

want/need等+doing（=tobedone）

beworthdoing/betoblame

be+adj+不定式（如hardtoopen）

不及物動詞無被動（happen/occur等）

易混易錯

不及物短語無被動（comeout/belongto等）

under+抽象名詞表被動（underrepair/construction）

特殊注意KCZ

dress/devot博無賓用被動（如v/asdressed）

一、被動語態(tài)基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)及分時態(tài)應(yīng)用表

此表格梳理被動語態(tài)的核心結(jié)構(gòu)及時態(tài)適配規(guī)則，明確不同時態(tài)下被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成邏輯,

是語法填空”動詞形式填寫”的基礎(chǔ)考點，覆蓋高頻時態(tài)的被動表達。

結(jié)構(gòu)類型時態(tài)類別具體結(jié)構(gòu)示例

Riceisgrowninthe

一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are+done

核心結(jié)構(gòu)（besouthofthecountry.

+過去分

詞）Thedoorwasrepaired

一般過去時was/were+done

byhimyesterday.

結(jié)構(gòu)類型時態(tài)類別具體結(jié)構(gòu)示例

Theroomsarcbeing

現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/are+being+done

paintedredbyher.

Treeswerebeingplanted

過去進行時was/were+being+done

herethistimelastyear.

Anewlibrarywillbe

一般將來時willbe+donebuiltbetweenthe

buildings.

Ihavebeeninformedof

現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasbeen+done(hedateofthesports

meeting.

Themagazinehadbeen

過去完成時hadbeen+done

returnedbeforeIarrived.

情態(tài)動詞

Yourroommustbe

含情態(tài)動詞(can/must/should)+be+

cleanedeveryday.

done

補充結(jié)構(gòu)

口語常用(getHisphonegotstolenon

get+done

+過去分詞)thebusyesterday.

注意事項：

l.be動詞需結(jié)合主語單復(fù)數(shù)及時態(tài)調(diào)整，如主語單數(shù)十一般過去時用was,主語復(fù)數(shù)+現(xiàn)

在進行時用are,不可固定使用某一形式；

2.“get+過去分詞”僅用于口語，強調(diào)動作結(jié)果，正式書面語優(yōu)先用“be+過去分詞”；

3.過去分詞形式固定，需重點記憶不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞(如cat-eatcnbreak-broken),避

免形式錯誤。

【對點練習(xí)】在空格處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或用所給單詞的正確形式填空

1.Manykindsoffreshfruits(sell)inthissmallsupermarketeveryday.

2.Theancientcastle(build)bylocalpeoplehundredsofyearsago.

3.Anewbridge(be)buikovertherivernow,anditwillbcncninearbyrusiduiils.

4.Bytheendoflastterm,allthetextbooks(return)totheschoollibrarybythestudents.

5.Thisdifficultproblem(mustsolve)beforetheimportantmeetingbeginstomorrew.

二、被動語態(tài)典型句式及特殊轉(zhuǎn)換表

此表格梳理被動語態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)句式，以及雙賓語、復(fù)合賓語、動詞短語的被動轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則，解

決“特殊句子結(jié)構(gòu)變被動”的難點，適配日常語法應(yīng)用及題型考查需求。

類型規(guī)則說明示例(主動一被動)

肯定句：Thedoorwasclosedby

肯定句：主語+be+過去分詞(+by...)；

基礎(chǔ)him.；否定句：Thesebooksarenot

否定句：主語+be+not+過去分詞；一般

句式keptinthelibrary.；疑問句：Isthis

疑問句：Be+主語+過去分詞？

platemadeofsilver?

1.間接賓語作主語：原間接賓語+he+主動：TheteachergaveToma

雙賓

過去分詞+直接賓語(+by...)；2.直接賓book.—*被動1：Tomwasgivena

語結(jié)

語作主語：原直接賓語+be+過去分詞bookbytheteacher.；被動2：Abook

構(gòu)

+to/for+原間接賓語(+by...)wasgiventoTombytheteacher.

復(fù)合賓語作主語，賓補保留為“主語補足語”；主動：Weoftenhearhimplaythe

賓語感官/使役動詞(see/make等)后“不帶guitar.—?被動：Heisoftenheardto

結(jié)構(gòu)t。不定式”需還原toplaytheguitarbyus.

動詞主動：Weshouldgetridofsuchabad

動詞短語的介詞/副詞不可省略，需隨動

短語habit.一被動：Suchabadhabitshould

詞一起變?yōu)楸粍?/p>

結(jié)構(gòu)begotridof.

注意事項:

1.雙賓語轉(zhuǎn)換時,間接賓語前加to(適用干bring/give；send等動詞)、加for(適用于

buy/cook/make等動詞)，不可混淆；

2.感官動詞(see/hear/feel等)和使役動詞(make/let/have等)的主動結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓補“不帶to”,

變被動后必須還原I。，避免遺漏；

3.動詞短語(如lookforwardto^takecareof)變被動時，介詞/副詞不可省略，需保持短語

完整性。

【對點練習(xí)】在空格處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或用所給單詞的正確形式填空

1.Theseoldphotos（nottake）byaprofessionalphotographer,buttheylookvery

beautiful.

2.Ourteacheroftentellsusinterestingstories.（改為被動語態(tài)）

Interestingstoriesoftentousbyourteacher.

3.Peopleheardthelittlegirlsingasweetsongintheparkyesterday.（改為被動語態(tài)）

Thelittlegirltosingasweetsongintheparkyesterday.

4.Weshouldtakegoodcareofthedisabledchildreninourcommunity.（改為被動語態(tài)）

Thedisabledchildreninourcommunityshouldgoodcareof.

5.thisvaluablewatch（make）ofgoldbyskilledworkers?

三、主動表被動的特殊場景表

此表格梳理“主動形式表被動含義”的高頻場景，解決“無需顯性被動結(jié)構(gòu)卻含被動意義”

的問題，覆蓋日常語境中常見的特殊表達。

特殊場景類型規(guī)則說明示例

感官類(look/smell/taste)%變

Theflowerssmellsweet.；Hegot

化類(get/go)x保持類

系動詞+表語excitedwhenheheardthegood

(keep/remain)系動詞+表

news.

語，主動表被動

write/read/se11/wash等動詞+Organicvegetablessellwellin

動詞+副詞副詞(wcll/smoothly/casily)，thismarket.；Thisfancypen

表主語屬性，主動表被動writessmoothly.

Thenewcarpetmeasuresthree

measure/weigh接短表“測量/稱重起來”，后接

by（burmeters.；Theheavystone

語數(shù)量短語，主動表被動

weighsover100pounds.

Themachinerequireschecking

want/necd/rcquire/des主語為物，“doing”表被動，

regularly.=Themachinerequires

erve+doing等同于“tobedone”

tobecheckedregularly.

beworthdoing表“值得做”，Theoldtownisworthvisiting.；

beworthdoing/beto

betoblame表“該受責(zé)備”，Thepoormanagementisto

blame

主動表被動blameforthefailure.

表“難以/易于做“，形容詞Thedoorishardtoopenin

be+形容詞+不定

(hard/casy/plcasant)+不定winter.；Thesongispleasantto

式

式，主動表被動listento.

注意事項：

1.所有“主動表被動”場景的主語均為“物''，主語為人時不可使用，如不可說“Hesellswell”,

需說“Hisbookssellwell”；

2.僅特定動詞(如sell/wash/measure)可用于“主動表被動“，不可隨意擴展到其他動詞：

3.“beworthdoing”中doing主動表被動，而**beworthyof5后需接“beingdone”,二者不可

混淆(如“Thebookisworthreading''正確，"Thebookisworthbeingread”錯誤)。

【對點練習(xí)】在空格處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或用所給單詞的正確形式填空

I.Theflowersinthegarden(smell)verysweetandattractmanybeeseveryspring.

2.Thiskindofcloth(wash)easily,soi(isverypopularamonghousewives.

3.Thelargewoodentable(measure)twometerslongandonemeterwide.

4.Theoldtempleinthecountryside(be)worthvisiting,somanytouristscomehereevery

year.

5.Thebrokendoor(need)repairassoonaspossibletoensuresafety.

四、易混易錯點及特殊注意點表

此表格梳理“無被動的動詞/短語”及“特殊被動表達“，規(guī)避常見語法錯誤，覆蓋易混

淆的被動語態(tài)應(yīng)用場景。

類別規(guī)則說明示例

Theunexpectedeventhappened

無被動的不及happen/occur/exist等不及物動

duringthemorningmeeting.；A

物動詞詞，無被動語態(tài)，僅用主動

brilliantideaoccurredtohim.

Theteamconsistsoffive

無被動的不及comeout/consistolTbclongto/datc

experiencedmembers.；Thecastle

物動詞短語from等短語，無被動，僅用主動

datesbacktothe12thcentury.

“under+抽象名詞”

特殊被動表達Theoldbridgeisunderrepairand

(repair/construclion/discussion

(under+抽象willreopennextmonth.；The

等)表“正在被……二含被動意

名詞)subwaylineisunderconstruction.

義

dress/devote/apply等動詞，無賓ShewasdressedinaredcoatwhenI

無賓語時用被

語時需用被動結(jié)構(gòu)(bedressed/besawher.；Alleffortsmustbeapplied

動的動詞

devoted等)tosolvingthisproblem.

注意事項:

1.不及物動詞(如happcn/occur)無被動語態(tài)，不可說"washappcncd/wasoccurred"，需用主

動形式；

2.不及物動詞短語(如belongto/datcfrom)作定語時，需用現(xiàn)在分詞形式(如lvThcnecklace

belongingtohermothef,),不可用過去分詞;

3.“under+抽象名詞”僅適用于特定抽象名詞(如repair/construction/discussion),不可隨意

搭配其他名詞(如不可說“Theproblemisundersolve'',需說"Theproblemisunderdiscussion")。

【對點練習(xí)】在空格處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或用所給單詞的正確形式填空

1.Asuddenheavyrain(happen)whenwewereonourwaytothepicniclastSunday.

2.Thesuccessfulproject(consist)ofthreemainparts,whichareallcompletedbyour

team.

3.Theoldhospitalinourtown(be)underrepairnow,anditwillbeputintousenextyear.

4.Thelittlegirl(dress)inapinkskirtwhensheattendedherfriend'sbirthdayparty.

5.Thevaluablenecklace(belong)tomygrandmotherformorethanfiftyyears.

-----------1他為固網(wǎng)?-----------

一、語法填空：在空格處填入一個適當?shù)膯卧~或用所給單詞的正確形式填空

-1.(2025高三上?江蘇?專題練習(xí))LaslYear,largeamountsofmoney(spend)onbuilding

thebridge.(所給詞的適當形式填空)

2.(2024高三卜?浙江?專題練習(xí))Citizensofhighersocialclasses(permit)tolivecloserto

thecenterofthecircles.(所給詞的適當形式填空)

3.(2022高三上?浙江?專題練習(xí))Stcamengines(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthave

beenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.(所給詞的適當形式填空)

4.(2022高三上?浙江?專題練習(xí))Asthey(give〕aninvitationto叩pearliveonBBC,Ihe

BeatlesquicklybecamefamousinBritainwithnationwidetours.(所給詞的適當形式填空)

5.(2022高三上?浙江?專題練習(xí))There,they(welcome)totheChinesestylecompound

wheretheyweretolive.(所給詞的適當形式填空)

6.(2021高三上?浙江?專題練習(xí))Manyalargeandbigbusiness(have)beenbuiltupfrom

smallones.(所給詞的適當形式填空)

7.(2021高三上?浙江?專題練習(xí))Only60percentof(hework(be)doneyesterday.(所給詞

的適當形式填空)

8.(2023高三?上海?專題練習(xí))IlwassaidthattheflightluNewYuik(cancel)dueLuIlic

foggyweather.（所給詞的適當形式填空）

9.（2023高三?上海?專題練習(xí)）Family-friendlyfacilities（develop）inthefollowingyears.

（所給詞的適當形式填空）

10.（2023高三?上海?專題練習(xí)）People（inlluence）tobecometechnologyaddicted.One

surveyreportedthat4taddictcd''wasthewordmostcommonlyusedbypeopletodescribetheir

relationshiptoiPadandsimilardevices.（所給詞的適當形式填空）

11.（2023高三?上海?專題練習(xí)）AnorganizationcalledCampusCosmicRayObservation

Collaboration（establish）inSeptember2020topronote（heidea.Zhang,headof（he

organization,saidtheyplantobuildmorestationsonschoolcampusesacrossChina.（所給詞的適當

形式填空）

12.（2023高三?上海?專題練習(xí)）Itwasapartoftown,Irealized,thatI（warn）about,but

nothinghappenedtome.andassoonaswewerenearthebrightlightsofthemainroad,my“guide”

just（disappear）.（所給詞的適當形式填空）

13.（2023高三?上海?專題練習(xí)）SAisstartingtodopolicework.Earlierthissummer,90

employees（hire）toguarditsdoorsandcheckreceipts.（所給詞的適當形式填空）

14.（2023高三?上海?專題練習(xí)）Thefemales:nevervisitthenestagaintotakecareoftheeggsthat

（deposit）inthewarmsand.（所給詞的適當形式填空）

15.（2023高三?上海?專題練習(xí)）Moreexpressways（build）inSichuansoontopromote

thelocaleconomy.（所給詞的適當形式填空）

紜

Passage1

（2023?全國甲卷?高考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入I個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正

確形式。

Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables（寓言）]（teach）alessonorto

passonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofnanyearlycultures,andthewell-known

Aesop'sfablesdatetothe2（six）century,B.C.Yet,theformofthefablestillhas

valuestoday,3RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow.^^

Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone（口吻）are

seeminglydirectedatchildren."TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,4

alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithitssurroundings/*herfablebegins,5

(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,isa

seriousmessage6(intend)foreveryone.

7(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson'sstoryendswithanaccusation

insteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthat

peoplemusttakeresponsibility8savingtheirenvironment.

Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,

Carson'sthemeisamoreweighty9(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carson

provesthatasimpleliteralformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill10

(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.

Passage2

(2023?全國乙卷?高考真題)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正

確形式。

Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodem.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,

narrowhutong]royalpalaces,itishometomorethan3.000yearsofglorious

historyevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully2(build)

systemofringroads.

Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace3welcomesthe

fast-paccddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-ccnturyarchitectural4(wonder)

standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.

Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn'twork,5somehowthese

twoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.6(visit)severaltimesover

thelast10years,I7(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacity

wasabletukeepsuchalichliciiiagc(遺產(chǎn))whilecvnslanllygiuwing.Asaplivlugiaphcf,Ihave

spentthelasttwoyearsB(record)everythingIdiscovered.

The9(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedto

protectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,_____LQ_____________(mean)(hereis

alwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingfor(henext50years.

Passage3

(2025?浙江?一模)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

AmidthecoolnightbreezeofBaiyin,acity](locate)inNorthwestChina's

Gansuprovince,thescentofherbsfillstheairascrowdsgatheraroundcuppingstationsand

pulse-reading2(stand).TheselivelyscenesunfoldattheTraditionalChinese

Mcdicinc(TCM)NightMarketinWanshcngPark,3millcnnia-oldwisdomcomes

alive,becomingatrendforGenerationZ.

“Theheatleavesmedrainedandsleepy,“says21-year-oldYuHuiyanassheextendsherwrist

forapulsediagnosis.Thedoctordiagnosesherweakpulseandfatigue,prescribingablendof4

(herb)medicinetoboostenergyandimprovedigestion.AfterpositiveresultsfrompreviousTCM

treatments,Yuandherpeers5(draw)toTCMinrecentyears.

Atthemarket,acupuncture,cupping,massageandherbsare6

(incrcasing)popular.HanLong.7TCMphysicianwithadecadeofexperienceat

BaiyinFirstPeople'sHospital,8(stress)thatclassictextslikeHuangdiNeijingare

key9understandinghealth.HehopesmoreyoungpeoplewillembraceTCM

10(enhance)(heirownhealthandthatof(heirfamilies.

ThegrowingtrendofTCMnightmarketsisalsohelpinganewgenerationofpractitionerslike

Hanstepintothespotlight,wideningTCM'sreachbeyondtraditionalcirclesandensuringthatits

legacyendures.

Passage4

(2025?廣東?一模)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

OnMarch30,aTaijiforAH”eventwasheldinBrussels,]fiveBelgian

Taijiassociationstookturnstotakethestage,leadingBelgianpeopleclosertoTaiji.Afterthat,the

movieTaijiZhangSanfeng.2(star)JetLi,MichelleYeohandotherstars,was

sliuwnonthespot.

Taiji,thoughtof3atreasureoftraditionalChineseculture,enjoys

worldwidereputationforitsphilosophicalideaslike4(harmonious)betweenman

andnatureandco-existenceofallthings.In2020,Tciijquan,basedonTaijiphilosophyand

integratingtraditionalChinssehealth-keepingandcombatwisdom,5(list)inthe

RepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity

YuJiajian,presidentoftheEuropeanlaijiCultureCenter,performedYang-stylelaijiSaber

(刀)on-sitc.Heexplainedthatthissetofsabertechniques6(be)gentlewithin

toughness.Thoughthemovementspeedwassoftandstable,themovementstrengthwasfullofinner

power.FeiShengchao,theChineseAmbassadortoBelgium,whoattended7

event,saidthatTaijiintegratedknowledgeand8(practice)frommultiplefields.

ItscoreideashadcontributedEasternwisdomto9(globe)ecologicalcivilization

construction.Hehopedtheoccasionwouldprovideaplat^rmforBelgianTaijienthusiasts10

(display)andcommunicate,enhancinglocalpeople'sunderstandingofTaijiculture.

Passage5

(2025?湖南永州?一模)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入I個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形

式。

MoscowZoohostedaweek-longcelebration,startingonSunday,tomarkthesecondbirthday

ofKatyusha,thefirstgiantpandaborninRussia.

Thezoo](decorate)withtraditionalChineseelements,includingred

lanternsandfestivedisplays.Celebrationsfeaturedlivelydragondances,teaceremonies,2

educationalworkshopsonpandaconservation.Theparadecreatedacarnivalatmosphere,with

crowdscheeringandlaughingasthedragonwovethroughthepathways.Visitorsenjoyedinteractive

3(activity),suchashandmadecraftsessionsandthematictoursshowcasinganimals

nativetoChina.

Katyusha,thecenterofattention,receivedaspeciallycraftedbirthdaycakemadeofbamboo,