2025~2026學(xué)年福建省福州第八中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷一、閱讀理解(★★★)ProducingandconsumingclothingisamajorsourceofglobalCO2emissions(排放).Thefashionindustryisestimatedtoaccountfor8%to10%ofglobalgreenhousegasemissions—morethanallinternationalflightsandseashippingcombined.Fromgrowingcottontodyeing(染色)fabrics,everystepintheclothingsupplychainleavesacarbonfootprint.Muchoftheimpactcomesfromenergy-intensiveindustrialprocesses.Here’sabreakdownoftheemissionsin2018acrossdifferentstagesofclothingproduction.Makingclothesmoresustainableisn’tjustaboutcuttingemissions—it’salsoaboutchoosingtherightmaterials.Fabricsneedtobenotonlycomfortableandaffordable,butalsolong-lastingandlow-impact.Eachmaterialhasitsownchallengesandenvironmentalcost.Whilenoperfectsolutionexistsyet,arangeofalternativesareemerging.

COTTON-Organiccotton

Grownwithoutharmfulchemicals,organiccottonusesfarlesswaterandenergy,helpingreducepollutionandprotectthesoil.POLYESTER(聚酯纖維)-Recycledpolyester

Developedthrougheco-efficientproduction,recycledpolyesterlowersrelianceonnon-renewablefuels.WOOL-Responsiblewool

Improvedlanduseandanimalcarereducemethaneemissionsfromsheepfarmingandcutwool’senvironmentalcost.LEATHER-Plant-basedleather

Madefrommushroomsorpineappleleaves,plantleatherofferscruelty-freealternativestotraditionalleather.RAYON(人造絲)-Certifiedsustainablerayon

Sourcedfrommanagedforests,certifiedrayonhelpspreventdeforestationandprotectsbiodiversity.Thisshifttowardsustainablefashionisglobal,andtheextentoftransformationneededis“unlikeanythingwe’veseenbefore,”saysStellaMcCartney,apioneerinethical(道德上的)fashiondesign.It’sestimatedthatfashionconsumptioncouldgrowby60%by2030,puttingevenmorepressureonresources.Still,expertsbelievethatcirculardesignandmaterialinnovationcandriverealchange,keepingpacewiththesweepingtrendofenergyconservationandemissionreduction.“Thefutureoffashionisrestorativeandregenerativebydesign,”saysMcCartney.1.Whichstagereleasedthegreatestamountofgreenhousegasin2018?

A．Fibreproduction.B．Dyeingandfinishing.C．Fabricproduction.D．Yarnpreparation.2.Whatdothesealternativeshaveincommon?

A．Theyareanimal-friendly.B．Theycomefromplantsources.C．Theyrequirelessenergyduringproduction.D．Theyaimtolessenenvironmentalimpact.3.WhatdoesMcCartneystressregardingthefutureoffashion?

A．Itistoencourageconsciousconsumption.B．Itistomeetdifferentpeople’sneeds.C．Itistoreduceresourceusage.D．Itistolastandadapt.(★★★)Holdingmynewbornbaby,Ilookedatthenursesrushingaroundme.LittleLouwasbornwithaheartproblemandhadsurgerywhenhewasjust48hoursold.Themedicalstafftookmybreathawaywithhowhardtheyworked.Learningthespecialbedmybabylayoncost$55,000,Idecidedtoraisethatsumforthehospital.BythetimeLouturnedsixmonthsold,heexperiencedanothercriticalsurgery—an18-hourmarathonwherethemedicalteamrefusedtogiveup.Theirskillandperseverancesavedhim.ThoughIcouldneverfullyexpressmythanks,Iremaineddetermined:Iwouldfindawaytoraisethosefunds.DuringCOVID-19,Itookanonlinepaintingclass.I’dalwaysbeencreativeandhadworkedasavisualdesigner.WhileIpainted,allmyworriesdisappeared.AmushroomIpaintedcameoutbetterthanexpected,soIkeptatit.IwonderedifIcouldstartsellingmyartsoIenteredanationalcompetitionandwasastonishedtobeafinalist.Thatcompetitionopenedmanydoors.Soon,Iwasbeingcontactedbygalleriestodosoloexhibitions.Inmysparetime,I’dpostmylatestworkonmynewsletterandabuyerwouldquicklypurchaseit.Icouldbarelykeepupwithdemand.EverytimeIsoldapainting,IdonatedmoneytotheChildren’sHospital.Thenoneday,IwascontactedbyawomancalledEmily,anaerospaceengineerwhowasgoingtobethe100thwomantogotospace.Shefloatedtheideaoftakingoneofmyartworksintospace.Icreatedapaintingforher.It’saboutachildinaspacesuitbeingliftedbyballoonstoshowEmily’schildhooddreamofgoingtospace.Theballoonsareslightlydeflated(泄氣的)toshowhowharditwasbutthatshenevergaveup.OnNovember22,2024,Emilytookmypaintingtospaceandhelpedmeraise$21,000.Ihaven’treachedmy$55,000markyetbuthopetodososoon.Lou,six,willneedanotherheartoperationeventually,buthe’scurrentlythriving(茁壯成長(zhǎng)).Myartusesdifferentshadestoshowweallhavedarktimes,butifwekeepgoing,we’llseelightagain.4.Whydidtheauthorraisemoneyforthehospital?

A．Torepayitsefforts.B．Toupgradeitsfacilities.C．Tofundresearchonheartproblems.D．Toimprovechildren’shealthcare.5.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A．Whatmadetheauthorstandout.B．WhatCOVID-19broughttotheauthor.C．Howtheauthordevelopedherpaintingskills.D．Howtheauthor’sjourneytoartisticsuccessbegan.6.Theauthordetailedthepaintinginparagraph3tohighlight________.

A．thepainting’spopularityB．theirshareddeterminationC．Emily’sspaceexplorationD．Emily’schildhoodmemory7.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?

A．Dreamsshapetomorrow.B．Artbenefitshearthealth.C．Manyhandsmakelightwork.D．Gratitudefuelscreativegiving.(★★★★)Fishmayhavetheirownversionofempathy.InastudypublishedinthejournalScience,researcherssaythesamemechanismresponsibleforhumanempathymightalsobeatplayamongfish.Thissuggeststhehumanabilitytounderstandandshareanother’sfeelingscouldhaveevolvedmuchearlierthanpreviouslythought—around450millionyearsago,whenfishandmammalssplitontheevolutionarytree.Scientistshaveknownthatfearcanspreadthroughoutgroupsoffishinaphenomenonknownas“emotionalcontagion(傳染)”.Thiscanbehelpfulif,forexample,onefishspotsapredatorbeforeothersdo—itcanthenalertitspeersbyactingdistressed.Butuntilnow,scientistsweren’tsurewhichbiologicalsystemsledfishtocatchontoanother’semotionalstate.Tofindout,theyfocusedonzebrafish,whichareoftenusedinresearch.Scientistsconcludedthehormoneoxytocin(催產(chǎn)素),whichhelpsregulatesocialbehaviorandempathyinmammals,mayalsodrivecontagiousfearinfish.Inoneoftheirexperiments,theteamremovedgeneslinkedtooxytocinproductionfromsomezebrafish,thenletthemobserveotherzebrafishthatwereactingafraidinanothertank.Manyofthegeneticallymodifiedanimalsdidnotrespondtotheirpeers’fear,whileacontrolgroupofnormalfishdid.Then,whentheresearchersinjectedthegeneticallymodifiedfishwithoxytocin,theybehavedmorelikethestandard,unmodifiedfishandmirroredthefrightbehaviorsoftheirpeers.Inanotherexperiment,zebrafishappearedtopaymoreattentiontovideosoffishthathadpreviouslyshowndistress,asopposedtovideosoffishthatalwaysappearedcalm.Thissuggeststhefishmayhavebeenemotionallyconnectingwiththeirfearfulpeers—andpossibly,researcherssay,eventryingtocomfortthem.Finally,theresearchersdissected(解剖)zebrafishbrainsand,afterexaminingthetissueunderamicroscope,foundthatthetwoareasmostinvolvedinemotionalcontagionweresimilartothemammalianbrainregionsassociatedwithempathy.Thefindingssuggestthatfishcouldbesentient,likehumansandotherspecies.“Theyhavetheabilitytohaveanemotionallife,”saysHansHofmann,aneurobiologistattheUniversityofTexasatAustinwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.8.Whatdoeshuman-fishempathysimilarityindicate?

A．Fishlosttheabilitytofeelemotionsduringevolution.B．Mammalslearnedempatheticbehaviorbyobservingfish.C．Fishmaypossessempathy-likeabilitiesrootedinevolution.D．Fishdevelopedempathyseparatelyaftersplittingfrommammals.9.Whatroledoesoxytocinplayinzebrafishaccordingtothestudy?

A．Itenhancestheirswimmingspeed.B．Itshapestheirresponsetopeers’fear.C．Ithelpsthemdetectpredatorsfaster.D．Itreducestheirneedforsocialinteraction.10.Howdidtheresearchersreachtheirconclusion?

A．Byanalyzingdata.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bybuildingmodels.D．Byconductingsurveys.11.Theunderlinedword“sentient”inthelastparagraphmostlikelymeans________.

A．capableofphysicaladaptationB．dependentongroupsurvivalC．skilledatavoidingpredatorsD．a(chǎn)bletoperceiveandfeelemotions(★★★★)Anyonewhohastakenastandardizedtestknowsthatwritinganessayin20minutesorlesstakesseriousbrainpower.Havingaccesstoartificialintelligence(AI)wouldcertainlylightenthementalload.ButasarecentstudybyresearchersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)suggests,thathelpmaycomeatacost.Overthecourseofaseriesofessay-writingsessions,studentsworkingwithaswellaswithoutanAIchatbothadtheirbrainactivitymeasured.Acrosstheboard,theAIusersexhibitedmarkedlylowerbrainactivityinareasassociatedwithcreativefunctionsandattention.WhetherAIwillleavepeople’sbrainsweakinthelongtermremainsanopenquestion.ResearchersbehindthisstudyhavestressedthatfurtherworkisneededtoestablishadefinitivecausallinkbetweenelevatedAIuseandweakenedbrains.Afterall,thestudyhadatinysamplesizeandfocusedonasinglenarrowtask.Moreover,generative-AItoolsclearlyseektolightenpeople’smentalloads,asmanyothertechnologiesdo.Concernsaboutthiskindofoffloadingaren’tnew.Aslongagoasthe5thcenturyBC,Socrateswasquotedascomplainingthatwritingisnot“apotion(神藥)forremembering,butforreminding”.Calculatorssparecashiersfromcomputingabill.Navigationappsremovetheneedformap-reading.Andyetfewwouldarguethatpeoplearelesscapableasaresult.Thereislittleevidencetosuggestthatlettingmachineshandleusers’mentaltasksaltersthebrain’scapacityforthinking.ButtheworryisthatgenerativeAIallowsonetooffloadathoughtprocess.Andoncethebrainhasdevelopedatasteforoffloading,itcanbeahardhabittokick.Asoneuserputit,“IrelysomuchonAIthatIdon’tthinkI’dknowhowtosolvecertainproblemswithoutit.”Thetechnologyissoyoungthat,formanytasks,thehumanbrainisstillthesharpesttoolinthetoolkit.ButintimeboththeconsumersofAIanditsregulatorswillhavetoassesswhetheritswiderbenefitsoutweighanycognitive(認(rèn)知)costs.IfstrongerevidenceemergesthatAImakespeoplelessintelligent,willtheycare?12.Whatdoesparagraph3emphasizeabouttheMITstudy?

A．Theproceduresitfollowed.B．Thelimitationsinitsdesign.C．Theconclusionithasdrawn.D．Thediversityamongitsparticipants.13.AccordingtoSocrates,whatnegativeconsequencecouldwritinghave?

A．Peoplewouldavoidusingreminders.B．Peoplewouldstopthinkingindependently.C．Peoplewouldrelylessontheirownmemory.D．Peoplewouldcarelessaboutthespokenword.14.Whatpointdoestheuser’sremarkinparagraph5illustrate?

A．AIcanchangeusers’mentalcapacity.B．AIisnotwidelyavailabletothepublic.C．AIcanencourageusers’mentallaziness.D．AIisnotcapableofsolvingeveryproblem.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．WillAIMakeYouStupid?B．HowAILetsYouOffloadTasksC．WhyAIAffectsYourThinkingAbilitiesD．IsAIaMentalShortcutYouCanEasilyQuit?(★★★★)Childhoodisanimportantperiodofsocialdevelopment,particularlyintheformationofsocialidentity,whichishowweperceiveourvariousrolesinsocietyinrelationtoothers.16Ifachildisveryshyandwithdrawn,it’slikelythatotherchildrenwillpickuponthatchild’ssocialcues(暗示)andleavethemalone,thusconfirmingthechild’ssocialidentityas"shyandwithdrawn.”Inturn,thechildmaybecomeupset,tryingtobreakfreefromthatidentity.17Themorepeopleidentifywith(認(rèn)同)aparticulargroup,themorethatgroupplaysaroleinshapinghowpeoplefeelaboutthemselves.Beingamemberofthatgroupbecomesimportantforhowpeopleregardthemselvesandtheirabilities.18Notallchildrenwhoexperiencethreatstotheirsocialidentitywillexperiencedepression.19Forexample,achildwhoonlyseeshimselfasastarsoccerplayermayexperiencediscomfortandasenseoflossifhesuddenlybecomesinjuredandisunabletoplaysocceranymore.Thechildmaylosehisstatusasastarathlete,whichopensthedoorfordepression.Howcanachild’sidentitybesupported?Asanadult,youcanacknowledgewhatandwhoisimportanttothem.Trynottoplacetoomuchemphasisonanyonesinglesocialrole.20What’smore,ifyounoticethatachildislosinginterestinactivitiestheyonceloved,orotherbehaviorsthatshowtheyarefeelingdepressed,seekadvicefromtheirmentalhealthproviders.

A．Socialidentityallowspeopletobepartofgroups.B．Infact,thechildmayhidetheirnegativesideandtrytofitin.C．Oursocialidentitiesareofteninfluencedbypeoplearoundus.D．Instead,encouragethemtotrynewanddifferentthingsinlife.E．Onlythosewithalimitednumberofsocialrolesaremoreatrisk.F．Sogainingstatuswithinthegroupcanhelppeopledevelopasenseofbelonging.G．Whydoesachildfeeldepressedwithoutbeingnoticedbytheirparentsorteachers?二、完形填空(★★★)Myfather’sthrift(節(jié)儉)philosophyshapedmyyouth.Unlikepeersreceivingpocketmoney,Inevergotapenny—notfromcruelty,buttobuild______.Eachmorning,he’dnote,“Mrs.Wilsonneedshergardenweeded;Mr.Carterrequireshelp______bottles.”Iearnedcoinsthrough______workintheneighborhood;sweepingleaves,shovelingsnowandplantingtrees.Savingsfilledthetinundermybed,itsweightshowingmygrowing______.Thoughheoccasionallyborrowedforemergencies(aflattireoramedicalbill),______wasexactandtimely.WhenIlosttwomonths’earningsina(n)______lemonadebusiness,hisonlywordswere,“Liveandlearn.”Attwelve,Iconsideredthiscruel;atthirty,I______itswisdom—truelessonsgrowthroughdoing.Modernthrifteducation______saving,butignoresitskeypoint:earning.Fatherbelieved“earnedcoinsteachvalue;givencoinsgenerategreed”—atruthwealthyfamiliesoverlookwhile______thrift.Bydeliveringpapersatdawnandmowinglawnsatdusk,Ilearnedthattruethriftisatriad(三位一體)—earnthrough______,savewithintention,spendwithcare.Thistrio,______inclassrooms,rootsinblistered(起水泡的)handsanddifficultsituations.______,supermarketsthrowoutdatedbread(stilleatable)assheltersbegfordonations.Witnessingglobalcontrastsinspiresmyresolve:1.3billiontonsoffoodgobadannually—enoughtofeedallthehungry—while800millionstarve.Thisphenomenon______myFoodRescueproject—redirectingbakeryremainstofoodbanksandtrainingyouthto______desertedfurnitureforschools.Throughsuchacts,thriftbecomessocialjustice.AsFathersaid,“Earningteachesrespectforresources.”Inourwastefulera,thrifttransformsfrom______disciplinetocollectiveduty.21.A．self-controlB．self-relianceC．self-improvementD．self-defense22.A．breakingB．makingC．deliveringD．sorting23.A．seasonalB．permanentC．dangerousD．voluntary24.A．doubtB．fearC．prideD．respect25.A．punishmentB．repaymentC．investmentD．donation26.A．failedB．expandingC．illegalD．profitable27.A．ignoreB．forgetC．questionD．value28.A．givesuponB．focusesonC．benefitsfromD．movesbeyond29.A．opposingB．neglectingC．a(chǎn)dvocatingD．realizing30.A．laborB．creativityC．skillsD．talents31.A．understandableB．unteachableC．popularD．boring32.A．AccidentallyB．OccasionallyC．LocallyD．Temporarily33.A．fuelsB．delaysC．replacesD．complicates34.A．regainB．remakeC．repairD．reuse35.A．strictB．strongC．personalD．internal三、語(yǔ)法填空(★★★)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhenGoodallfirstarrivedatGombeStreamtostudychimpanzeesinthewildin1960,thechimpanzeeswerecautiousabouther36(present),butherpatienceanddedicationpaidoff.OneofherfirstmajorbreakthroughscamewhensheobservedachimpanzeenamedDavidGreybeard37(use)atooltoextracttermites(白蟻)fromamound(蟻丘).Thisdiscoverywasgroundbreaking,astooluse38(believe)tobeauniquelyhumantraitpriortothisfinding.Goodall’sobservationsextendedtocomplexsocialbehaviors,includingcooperation,aggression,andempathyamongchimpanzees.Herfindingschallengedthescientificcommunity’sviewsandsparkedareevaluationoftheboundariesbetweenhumansandotheranimals.39initialskepticism,herworkgainedwidespread40(recognize)andrespect.In1977,GoodallfoundedtheJaneGoodallInstitutetosupportherresearchandpromoteconservationefforts.Theinstitutehasexpandedtoincludecommunity-centeredconservationprogramsandeducationinitiatives.Oneofitsmostnotableprograms,Roots&Shoots,empowersyoungpeople41(address)environmentalandsocialissues.Foundedin1991,Roots&Shoots42(grow)intoaglobalnetworkwithover150,000membersinmorethan100countries.Goodallwasavocaladvocate43conservationandanimalwelfare,usingherplatformtoraiseawarenessandinspireaction.Eveninher90s,shecontinuedtravelingtheworld,speakingabouttheimportanceofconservationandtheinterconnectednessofalllivingthings—rightupuntilherpassing.LocaltimeonOctober1,2025,GoodallpassedawayinCalifornia,USA,attheageof91dueto44(nature)causes,whileshewasonherAmericanspeakingtour.Herlegacyremainsatestamenttothepowerofperseverance,curiosity,andadeeprespectfornature.Assheoftensays,“Whatyoudomakesadifference,andyouhavetodecide45kindofdifferenceyouwanttomake.”Thoughsheisgone,theglobalmovementshesparked,fromtheJaneGoodallInstitutetotheRoots&Shootsnetwork,continuestocarryforwardherbeliefinhopeandcollectiveaction.四、書信寫作(★★★)46.假定你是紅星中學(xué)的學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，你校新外教Richard將于11月10日抵達(dá)你的城市。學(xué)校派你前往火車南站接他抵校，請(qǐng)你寫一封郵件給他，告知接站安排(包括如何讓他識(shí)別你、接站后的行程等)。Richard抵達(dá)車次：C985抵達(dá)時(shí)間：11月10日上午11:08注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.參考詞匯：火車南站SouthRailwayStation接站牌pick-upsign校車schoolshuttlebusDearRichard,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua五、書面表達(dá)(★★★)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TomYoungwasonhiswayhomefromahardday’sworkataconstructionsite,carryinghisworn-outhammerwhichhadaccompaniedhimthroughthickandthin.Witheachstep,hismindwasfilledwithworryasherackedhisbraintofindmoneyforhisseriouslyillson,Andrew,whowasingreatneedofheartsurgery.Tomhadrunoutofchoicesandtime.Desperationwasbeginningtosetin,butherefusedtolethissonsufferhelplessly.Ashewalked,theweightofhistroublespressedheavilyonhisshoulders.Sodesperatewashethatheevenheardahuminhisears.Thenextmomentthehum