初中英語(yǔ)固定短語(yǔ)及應(yīng)用練習(xí)英語(yǔ)中的固定短語(yǔ)是語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的“核心積木”，精準(zhǔn)掌握并靈活運(yùn)用它們，能大幅提升閱讀、寫(xiě)作與口語(yǔ)表達(dá)的流暢度。初中階段是構(gòu)建短語(yǔ)知識(shí)體系的關(guān)鍵期，結(jié)合場(chǎng)景化理解與針對(duì)性練習(xí)，可有效突破語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用的瓶頸。一、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：動(dòng)作表達(dá)的“靈活組合”動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)由“動(dòng)詞+介詞/副詞”構(gòu)成，語(yǔ)義常隨搭配拓展，是初中英語(yǔ)的重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)。（一）以“l(fā)ook”為核心的短語(yǔ)家族lookat：側(cè)重“看”的動(dòng)作（后接賓語(yǔ)）例句：Pleaselookattheblackboardandfollowmywriting.lookfor：強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”的過(guò)程（結(jié)果未知）例句：I'mlookingformylostIDcardintheclassroom.lookup：①查閱（字典、資料）；②向上看例句：Ifyoudon'tknowtheword,lookitupinyourdictionary./Helookedupandsawabirdflyingby.小練習(xí)：用look短語(yǔ)填空（注意時(shí)態(tài)）1.She______herkeyseverywherebutstillcouldn'tfindthem.(lookedfor)2.______thepicturecarefully—there'sahiddenanimalinit.(Lookat)3.Youcan______thenewwordinyourtextbookfirst.(lookup)（二）以“take”為核心的短語(yǔ)拓展takeoff：①脫掉（衣物）；②（飛機(jī)）起飛例句：It'shotoutside—takeoffyoursweater./Theplanewilltakeoffin10minutes.takeup：①開(kāi)始從事（愛(ài)好、技能）；②占據(jù)（時(shí)間/空間）例句：Hetookuppaintingwhenhewas12./Thebigsofatakesuptoomuchspace.takecareof：照顧（人/物）例句：Weshouldtakecareofourpetswithpatience.小練習(xí)：用take短語(yǔ)填空1.Theplane______ontimeyesterdaymorning.(tookoff)2.Mycousin______playingtheguitarlastyear.(tookup)3.Whowill______thelittlecatwhenyougoonvacation?(takecareof)二、介詞短語(yǔ)：空間與邏輯的“定位器”介詞短語(yǔ)由“介詞+名詞/代詞”構(gòu)成，常用來(lái)描述位置、時(shí)間或邏輯關(guān)系。（一）“in”系列短語(yǔ)：內(nèi)部與時(shí)間的表達(dá)infrontof：在……外部的前面（與物體有距離）例句：There'sabigtreeinfrontofourclassroom.inthefrontof：在……內(nèi)部的前部（屬于物體的一部分）例句：Theteacher'sdeskisinthefrontoftheclassroom.intime：及時(shí)（趕在截止時(shí)間前）例句：Wegottothestationintimetocatchtheearlytrain.小練習(xí)：用in短語(yǔ)填空1.Thedriverstoppedthecar______toavoidhittingthedog.(intime)2.Therearesomebookshelves______theclassroom.(inthefrontof)3.Abeautifulflowerbedstands______ourschoolgate.(infrontof)（二）“on”系列短語(yǔ)：時(shí)間與方式的表達(dá)ontime：按時(shí)（嚴(yán)格遵守時(shí)間）例句：Wemustfinishthehomeworkontime.onfoot：步行（出行方式）例句：Igotoschoolonfooteveryday.onthephone：在打電話（進(jìn)行通話）例句：Sheistalkingwithherfriendonthephone.小練習(xí)：用on短語(yǔ)填空1.Wemustarriveatthemeetingroom______.(ontime)2.Mygrandfatheroftengoestothepark______.(onfoot)3.Listen!Yourmomis______withyouraunt.(onthephone)三、形容詞短語(yǔ)：情感與特質(zhì)的“調(diào)色盤(pán)”形容詞短語(yǔ)由“be+形容詞+介詞”構(gòu)成，用來(lái)描述人/物的特質(zhì)、情感或狀態(tài)。（一）高頻形容詞短語(yǔ)begoodat：擅長(zhǎng)（后接動(dòng)名詞/名詞）例句：Sheisgoodatplayingtheviolin.beinterestedin：對(duì)……感興趣（后接動(dòng)名詞/名詞）例句：Moststudentsareinterestedinscienceexperiments.beafraidof：害怕……（后接名詞/動(dòng)名詞）例句：Thelittlegirlisafraidofdarkrooms.小練習(xí)：用形容詞短語(yǔ)填空1.Mybrother______math—healwaysgetsfullmarks.(isgoodat)2.Areyou______collectingoldcoins?(interestedin)3.Theboy______spiders,sohenevertouchesthem.(isafraidof)四、綜合應(yīng)用：情景短語(yǔ)填空結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，用合適的固定短語(yǔ)完成句子（注意形式變化）：1.Whenyoumeetnewwordsinreading,youcan______(查閱)theminadictionary.(lookup)2.Weshould______(照顧)theenvironmentandsavewater.(takecareof)3.Theconcertstartsat7:30,sowemustgettothehall______(及時(shí)).(intime)4.Mysister______(開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí))dancingwhenshewas5.(tookup)5.There'sasmallgarden______(在……前面)ourlibrary.(infrontof)學(xué)習(xí)錦囊：短語(yǔ)記憶的“黃金策略”1.建立“短語(yǔ)筆記本”：按“短語(yǔ)+例句+場(chǎng)景”分類(lèi)記錄（如“學(xué)校場(chǎng)景”“家庭場(chǎng)景”），每天復(fù)習(xí)舊短語(yǔ)、學(xué)習(xí)新短語(yǔ)。2.創(chuàng)設(shè)生活語(yǔ)境：用新學(xué)短語(yǔ)寫(xiě)小句子（如：“I'mgoodatcookingnoodlesformyfamily.”），讓短語(yǔ)“活”起來(lái)。3.錯(cuò)題深度復(fù)盤(pán)：整理練習(xí)錯(cuò)誤，分析是“詞