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2025學(xué)年??105115GrammarandvocabularySectionA(10分)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.EmpiresinDespitethethousandsofmilesseparatingthemandthebigdifferencesintheirpeoples,tworulersin17th-centuryEuropeandChinawereneverthelessthedrivingforcebehindagrandculturalexchange.ThetwomenweretheKangxiEmperorofChina’sQingDynastyandKingLouisXIVofFrance.Asymbolicimagefromtheperiodcapturedtheexchange:Europeanambassadors(使),1(dress)intherobesofQingofficials,stoodbesideanarmillarysphereinthecourtoftheKangxiEmperor.Theastronomy,mathematics,physics,andchemistrytheybrought2(fascinate)theyoungemperor,whowasparticularlyinterestedintheheavenlybodies.Throughtheirinstruction,Kangxigainedarichknowledge.OnonevisittosouthernChina,heusedaspiritlevel水平儀tomeasurethewater,andfoundamistakein3hisministerswerecontrollingthewaterintheHongzeItisnaturalformanyofus4(marvel)attheChineseemperor’sgoodknowledgeofWesterntechnologies.ButKangxi’sinterestsextended5thehardsciences:Hetriedtoorganizeinformationabouttheseforeignlandsandspread6amongthepublic.Heaskedhisthirdprince,Yinzhi,toestablishamuseumofmathematics7talentedscholarswouldengageinresearchandobservationofmathematicallawsandtheuniverse.Incourtspeeches,KangxiwouldholdforthonthenaturalsciencesfromEurope,8(lecture)youngprincesaboutastronomy,calendarsystemsandarithmetic.Outstandingstudents9(send)totheinstitutionofastronomyorotherkeydepartments.10thevisitorsfromtheWestcametotheEastmainlytospreadtheirculture,uponarrivinginthatancientkingdom,theydiscovereditspeoplealreadypossessedtheirownwell-establishedunderstandingoftheworld.TherewastheGoldenMeanofConfucius,andtheunknowableTaoofLaoTzu.AndtheseleftadeepimpressiononthetravelingSection (10分Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.B.C.D.E.G.H.I.J.K.SilentonLakeSuperior:McSorley’sLastBythedayhedied,ErnestMcSorleyhadbuiltareputationasthecaptainwhocouldweatheranystorm.HewasoneofthebestsailorsontheGreatLakes,wherehehadbeen11topilottheEdmundFitzgerald,theflagshipofColumbiaTransportationDivision.McSorleytook12inhisefficiency,andhealwaysdeliveredhisgoodsontime,navigatingskillfullythroughdangerouswaters.Thecompanyvaluedhis13approachofalwayspushingforward.OnNovember9,1975,theFitzgeraldsetsailfromSuperior,Wisconsin,carryingaround26,000tonsofironore.Thetemperaturewas14warm,anearlysignthatsomethingwaswrong.Angrywinterweatherwasalreadyonitsway.At7p.m.,theNationalWeatherServiceissuedastormwarningforLakeSuperior,predictingwavesuptotenfeettall.McSorleyhadtwo15:HecouldsailstraightacrossthelaketoWhitefishBay,afamiliar30-hourjourney,ortaketheso-callednorthernroute,a44-hourpassagethathuggedtheCanadianshore,whichwouldprotecttheshiprightupuntilthefinal16ofthevoyage.McSorleyhadinitially17tosailtheshorterpassage.Butasconditionsworsened,hechangedhismind.Thecaptainknownforhisaggressionandefficiencymadeanuncharacteristically18decision,choosingthelongernorthernroute.Around3p.m.onNovember10,CaptainBernieCooperoftheArthurM.Anderson,ashiptravelingnearby,noticedsomethingalarmingonhisradarscreen.Minuteslater,theFitzgeraldradioedtheAndersonreportingtrouble:“Ihave19sometopsidedamage,”McSorleysaid.“I’mcheckingdown.WillyoustaybymeuntilIgettoWhitefish?”Soonafter,McSorleylearnedthatbothoftheFitzgerald’sradarshadstopped20,andthelighthouseatWhitefishPointhadgonedark.Despitehisdecadesofexperience,McSorleyreportedovertheradiothathewaswitnessing“oneoftheworstseasI’veeverbeenin”.Afterthatfinaltransmission,theFitzgeraldstoppedansweringcallsfromtheAndersonanddisappearedfromtheradar.ReadingComprehension (45分)SectionA(15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.OnMarch17,scientistsreportedfindingtheearliestechoesoftheBigBang.Thelong-soughtevidencesupportstheideathattheuniverseinflatedina(n)21.Ascientifictheory,calledinflation,heldthatduringthefirsttrillionthofatrillionthofatrillionthofasecondaftertheBigBang,theuniversegrew22fasterthanthespeedoflight.Itsoonstretchedoutfartherthananytelescopecansee.Astronomersfirstintroducedthetheoryofinflationmorethan30yearsago.Sincethen,ithasbecomeanimportantpartofthe23forhowtheuniversebegan.InflationhelpsanswersomequestionsraisedbytheBigBang,suchaswhytheuniverselooksthesameineverydirection.Inflationprobablyhas24everythingout.It’sjustlikewhathappenswhenblowingupapartyballoon.25,scientistscouldn’tbesurethatinflationhappened,fortheylackedsolidevidence.Thenewdiscoveryprovidestheneededevidence,identifyingthelong-lastingeffectsofinflationonthe26lightintheuniverse.ScientistscannottravelbacktotheBigBang,aneventlosttothedeeppastof13.8billionyears.Yet,theuniverseitselfisatimecapsule.Accordingtoinflationtheory,theBigBangsentwavesspreadingthroughthefabricofspacetime,preservingcluesthatscientistscanstill27today.Knownas“gravitationalwaves”,theywould28（壓縮）andstretchthefabricofspace.Sotheirpassageshouldhavelefta(n)29onthefarthestreachesofknownScientistshadsoughtthosecharacteristicmarks.Fortheirsearch,thescientistsusedatelescopecalledBICEP2attheSouthPole.Theregion’scold,dryand30airisperfectforobservingdeepintospace—andbackintotime.For50years,scientistshaveknownthatenergyintheformofmicrowaveradiation31longaftertheBigBang.32,thetelescopedetectstinyparticlesoflightthatcarrythismicrowaveJohnKovac,aHarvardAssociateProfessorofAstronomyandPhysics,ledthenewsearchfortheBigBang’sechoes.Hislargeteamwillcontinueto33theirdata.Theywanttomakesuretheirresultsdidn’tarisefromaprobleminthetelescopeorsome34intheiranalysis.Fornow,manyscientistsareexcitedbythenews.35ofgravitationalwavesoffersnewopportunitiesforscientiststotestmoreideasaboutthenatureoftheuniverse,thusopeningupawholenewwindow.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.ForB.ByC.AsaD.InA.goB.accountC.backD.referA.B.C.D.B.D.SectionB(22分Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.Itseemsobviousthatplantscannotcount1-10ontheirrootsorleavesasweusuallydowithourfingers,butscientistssaycertainplantscan“count”andevendosimplemaths.Theypossessmysteriousabilitiestokeepaneyeontheinsectsnearbyandtheirownfoodstores.Venusflytrapsforexample,areknowntoshuttheirleavesrapidlywhentheysensesomethingmovingonthemButtheyonlydothisifanythingmovestwicewithinabout15–20seconds.Themovementsaresensedbyfine‘triggerhairsontheleavesandtranslatedintoelectricalpulses(脈沖),flowingthroughtheplantWhenanelectricalpulseistriggeredtwice,theleaveswillcloseimmediately.But,asagroupofinternationalscientistsshowedin2016,insect-eatingplantsofthiskindareabletotallyhigherthantwo.Theywaituntilthey’vesensedatleastthreeelectricalpulsesbeforetheystartproducingthechemicalsneededtodigesttheircatch,probablytoavoidwastingtheirenergyonluckyescapees.Evenbeforethisdiscovery,though,scientistsweresuggestingthatthalecress,acousintocabbagethat’swidelyusedinplantstudies,couldperformaprocesssimilartodoingdivision.Duringtheday,thalecressesusesunlighttobuilduptheirfoodstores,whichisknownasphotosynthesis.Buttosurvivethenight,theymustfirstdeterminehowmuchenergytheywillneed.Theydothisbyassessingtheenergystoredintheirleavesandfactoringinthelengthofthenight.Basedonthiscalculation,theythenmanagetheirfoodintakeatasustainablerate.Expertsargueweshouldn’tlabelthesecuriouscountingabilitiesas“intelligent”orasevidencethatplantshavesomeearlyandunderdevelopedformofbrain.They’rejustdoingwhattheyneedtosurvive.Butitremindsusthateventhesimplestformsoflifecandisplayastonishingcomplexityandprecision.TheexampleofVenusflytrapsinParagraph2isgiventoshowthat plantscancount1-10ontheirrootsandsomeplantscancarryoutsimpleplantsareabletogenerateelectricalcertainplantsreactmuchfasterthanTheunderlinedword“tally”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto A. B. C. D.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat venusflytrapssettimedtrapsbasedonhowmanybugstheyplantsdosimplemathstokilltimeotherthanmerelytothalecressmanagesitsenergyuseatnightthroughplantshavenowevolvedastructuresimilartoahumanWhatmightbethebesttitleforthePlants’amazingsenseoftimeand B.Plants’smarttricksofcapturingPlants’brilliantuseofsunlightand D.Plants’surprisingtalentfor OnlineAdults(aged16-Children(aged7-Family(2adults,2Visitorsaccessthecastleoverawooden-boardUponenteringthecastle,thereisasetofadaptedtoiletstoyourleft,andtheticketofficetoyourright–bothreachedoveranunevencobbled(鋪有鵝卵石的)surface.Youenterthecastlefromasteepwindingroute.Itisdegreesatitssteepestpoint,theaverageisfivedegreesanditisapproximately350mfromenteringthecastletothetoplevelatCrownSquare.Itissurfacedwithcobbles,whichcanbeuneven.TheOneo’ClockGunisonthelevelbutcobbledarea,nexttotheRedcoatCafé.Thegunmakesaloudandsuddennoisewhenitisfired.Thegunisfiredeverydayat1p.m.,exceptSundays,GoodFriday,andChristmasDay.

HospitalSquareisreacheddownacobbledslopeof12

TheroutecontinuesupthecobbledrisethroughFoog’sGate.Thisisthesteepestpartofthecastleroute.VisitorswillthenenterCrownSquare–alarge,level,pavedarea.

ThesurfacearoundSt.Margaret’sChapelandMonsMegiscobbled.TheChapelhasasmallraisedpathwayuptoadoor810mmwide.

Visitorsthenexitthecastlevia70stonestepswithahandrail.Staffwillbeavailabletoguideyoubackdownthroughthecastleifthisexitisunsuitableforyou.Ifyou’reatSt.Margaret’sChapelandwanttograbadrink,youcanheadtoyour A. B. C. D.WhatcanbeinferredfromtheThosewhobooktheirticketsonlinecanenjoyasmallVisitorscanexpecttheOneo’ClockGuntobefiredallyearParentswith2kids(aged15,10)donotqualifyforaFamilyTouristscanenjoyacompletelylevelroutethroughoutthewholeThemainpurposeofthispassageisto introducetheeventscheduleofthe B.describethecastle’shistoricalC.informvisitorsofaccessibility D.designthebestrouteforvisitorstoOn27September1825,RobertStephensonandCo’sLocomotionNo.1arrivedinStockton,England.Asthefirstrailvehicletocarrypassengers,itwasgreetedwithaseven-gunsaluteandanastonishedcrowd.“Itwasfoundtobequiteimpossibletocontaintheenthusiasmofthecrowd,”reportedajournalist.Thisweekendthecelebrationsarelikelytobeslightlylesswild,asthe200thanniversaryofthepioneeringStocktonandDarlingtonrailwayline(S&DR)ismarked.Buttheywillundoubtedlybeheartfelt.Areplica復(fù)制品)ofthepioneeringengineistorecreatetheoriginaljourney,withviewingticketssoldoutalongtherouteandabigscreenfollowingitsprogressinthetowncentre.Asetofstampsinmemoryoftheeventisbeingissued,whichfeelsappropriatelyoldschool.ThebusinessmenwhoinvestedintheS&DRbackinthe19thcenturyweremotivatedbythefunctionalbenefitsoftransportingcoalmoreefficiently.Buttheirprojecteventuallyunlockedfarwiderhumanpossibilities,transformingthesenseofdistanceandchangingthewaythenationlived.TrainscarriedVictorianworking-classfamiliestotheseasideandback,andreunitedloversonwindsweptplatforms.Crowded20th-centurypassengertrainsranregularlybetweensatellitetownsandcities.Arailwaystationbecamepartoftheidentityofaplace,aswellasapointofdeparturefromit.Thesedaystherailwaysarejourneyingwithdifficultytowardsanewera.Theshort-sightedrailwaycutsofthe1960s,andtheneedless,failedprivatisation(私有化)ofthe1990s,wereavoidablepoliticalerrorswhoselegacyisstillfelttoday.Extremelyhighticketpricesandlong-termmismanagementinthenorth,wherethestorybegan,harmthecontemporarynetwork.Asthegovernmentgraduallytakesmoretrainoperatorsbackunderpublicownership,amuch-neededstrategicresetisrequired.Therailindustryshouldbecomeakeyforceofgreensustainablegrowth.Sadly,plansforhigh-speedrailinnorthernEnglandaretobedelayedagain.Thisdoesnotinspireconfidence.Fortrainloversthough,thisweekendisaboutthepastnotthefuture.LocomotionNo.1launchedajourneythatmeantfarmorethantravellingfromAtoB.FromENesbit’sdescriptionofaruralchildhoodtoWHAuden’spoem,thetriphasleftalastingmarkonourliterature.CarnforthinLancashirestillcelebratesitsstation’sroleinthecinemaclassicBriefEncounter,whereatragicromanceisbroughttoaclosebyaguard’swhistle,andtherhythmicsoundofwheelsbeginningtomoveontrack.Accordingtothepassage,LocomotionNo.1referredto A.aprojectfoundedbybusinessmenintheVictorianB.areplicabuilttocelebratetherailway’s200thC.amachinededicatedtocarryingcoaloutmoreD.avehiclemarkingthebeginningofpassengertransportbyItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheraildevelopment holdsculturalsignificancebeyondbeingameansofhasundergoneasuccessfultransitiontomeetmodern-dayisfocusingontheconstructionandexpansionofhigh-speedrailhassufferedadeclineduetotheriseofmoresustainabletransportTheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4mostprobablymeans decisionsintendedforreformshaveledtolong-lastingincreasesinticketpriceweremeantforapotentialservicerailwaycutsinthe1960soncethoughtshort-sightedprovepoliticalerrorsinthepasthaveendedtherailwaynetworkforWhat’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthechangesintherailwayoverthepasttwodisappointedbut B.hatefuland respectfulyet D.confidentandSection (8分TheMercatormap,a16th-centurynavigationtool,misrepresentsTheMercatormap,a16th-centurynavigationtool,misrepresentstheworld’sBesides,theMercatormapscangreatlyinfluencepeople’ssenseofculturalidentity.Similarly,itstillservesasthemainworldmaponmanydigitalplatformsandmobileapps.However,changingclassroommaterialsalonewon’tfullyaddresspublicmisconceptions.Itencouragestheuseofthe2018EqualEarthprojectiontoshowcountries’sizescorrectly.ExpertsarguemodernmappingtoolshavemadetraditionalworldprojectionslessAfricanUnionurgesadoptionofworldmapshowingcontinent’strueTheAfricanUnionhassupportedacampaigntostopusingtheMercatorworldmap.The“CorrectTheMap”initiativeurgesgovernmentsandinternationalorganizationstousemapsthatshowthetruesizeofAfrica. Itmakesareasnearthepoles,suchasNorthAmericaandEurope,appearlarger,whilereducinglandsneartheequatorlikeAfrica.AnditcreatesafalseideaofAfricaaslessimportant,eventhoughitistheworld’ssecond-largestcontinentinbothareaandpopulation.Thisincorrectviewhelpscontinuestereotypes刻板印象)thataffectinternationalmedia,education,andAlthoughcriticismoftheMercatormapisnotnew,thecampaignhasbroughtbackthedebate.48. correctionisvitalbecause,asMokyMakuraofAfricaNoFilterexplains,Africahaslongbeenpresentedinamisleadingwayonworldmaps.Nevertheless,theMercatormapremainswidelyusedinschoolsandacrossthetechindustry.Thiswidespreaduseisobviousinitsstatusasthestandardmapforcountlesseducationalresources.49. SeeingAfricashownsmalleronworldmapshurtspeople’sprideandharmschildren’sself-image.“WeareworkingtomaketheEqualEarthprojectionthemainmapusedinclassroomsacrossAfrica,”saidFaraNdiaye,co-founderofSpeakUpAfrica.Insupportofthiseducationaleffort,theAfricanUnionwillencouragewideruseofcorrectmapsamongitsmemberstates.SummaryWriting(10分Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhatisAI’sRoleinArtAsartificialintelligenceadvancesacrosscreativefields,aquestionemerges:DopeoplewantAItobecomeanartistorsimplyatoolforartisticcreation?EvidencesuggeststhatwhilethepublicisincreasinglyfamiliarwithAIsystems,theywouldprefertoseeAIsupportinghumancreativityratherthanreplacingit.Akeyreasonliesinthehumandimensionofart.Whenpeoplepicturetheirfavoriteworks,say,VanGogh’sTheStarryNight,whattheyvalueisnotmerelytechnicaldeliverybuttheemotionaldepthtiedtohumanexperience.Inarecentsurvey,over60percentsaidtheywouldvaluetheirfavoriteartworklessiftolditwasAI-produced.Theirresponseshighlightasharedbelief:Peopleseektheimaginativestrugglesandpersonalhistoriesbehindcreativeworks,aqualitymachinescannotgenuinelycopy.Concernsaboutoriginalityandcopyrightstrengthenthisresistance.RespondentscriticizedAIoutputsasunoriginal,seeingthemasmerereflectionsofmodelstrainedonvastquantitiesofhuman-createdmaterials.Thepossibilityofunauthorizeddatauseandunclearartisticownershipfuelsdistrust.TheseworriesrevealwhypeoplehesitatetoviewAI-generatedmaterials–especiallyfilms–asrealart:Itlacksclearauthorshipandtruecreativeintention.YetattitudesshiftwhenAIassistsratherthanreplaceshumanartists.Forty-twopercentofparticipantsregardedusersofAIasartistswhoprovidedclearcreativedirection—asignofopennesstohuman-AIcollaboration.Thisperspectivepointstoarealobstacleintoday’screativeworld:Manyindividualswithideaslacktheresourcesorskillstorealizethem.Insuchcases,AIcanserveasanenablingtool,loweringcostsandexpandingaccesstocreativeexpression.Ultimately,peoplevalueartasahuman-centeredmeansofconnection.WhileAIcanbroadenartisticpossibilities,it’sbestusedasatoolthatsupportsandenricheshuman (15分Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthe（so…thatGuided (25分Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowin2025學(xué)年??一學(xué)期奉賢區(qū)高三英語練習(xí)卷答案1. 2. 3. 4.to 5.6. 7. 8. 9.weresent/wouldbe 11-15 21-25 31-35 MostpeoplepreferAItosupport,ratherthanreplace,humancreativity.TheybelieveAIartlacksemotionaldepthandhumanexperience,whichareessentialtogenuinecreation.Meanwhile,worriesaboutoriginalityandcopyrightdeependistrustinAIworks.Yet,withmeaningfulhumanguidance,AIenablesmorepeopletorealizetheirartisticvisionsbyloweringfinancialandtechnicalbarriers.(58words)HermotherpackedapairofglovesandawoolscarfintoherbagattheschoolThisgame(which/thatis)basedonaclassicChinesenovelexposesmanyforeignplayerstothecharmoftheeffortsin/intothedevelopmentofchips/developingchips,andovercameonechallenge/difficulty/obstacleafteranother,earning/whichearned himthetitleof“ModeloftheEra/Age/Time”.o…t）Intheweightless/zero-gravityenvironment,eatinganddrinkingarenosimpletasks,but theChinesepeople’sloveforfoodissostrongthat ourastronautshavemanagedtoenjoy(a)barbecue(feast)inthespacestation. ,theChinesepeople’sloveforfoodissostrongthatithasenabledourastronautstoenjoyafeastinthespace或DespitetheweightlessenvironmentwhereeatinganddrinkingarenosimpletasksChinesepeople’sloveforfoodissostrongthatourastronautshaveevenmanagedtoenjoyabarbecuefeastinthespacestation.DearStudentIamLiMing,aSeniorTwostudentfromMingqiHighSchool.Havingcarefullyconsideredtheschool’splantopilot"springandautumnholidays"byshorteningwinterandsummervacations,Iamwritingtoexpressmyfullsupportforthisinitiative.Firstly,thenewholidayarrangementwilleffectivelyeaseacademicpressure.Asseniorhighschoolstudents,weoftenfaceatightstudyschedulewithcontinuousclassesandexams.Shortvacationsinspringandautumncanserveas"timelybreaks"—allowingustorechargeourenergy,adjustourlearningrhythm,andavoidburnout.Unlikelongsummerandwintervacationsthatmayleadtolazinessorknowledgeforgetting,theseshortholidayscanhelpusmaintainabalancedstatebetweenstudyandrest.Secondly,springandautumnarethemostpleasantseasonswithmildweatherandbeautifulscenery.Suchholidayswillprovideuswithvaluableopportunitiestogetclosetonature,participateinoutdooractivities,orengageinsocialpractice.Forexample,wecangoforhikes,visitmuseums,ortakepartinvolunteerworkwithfamilyorfriends.Theseexperiencesnotonlyenri