北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)2025年外語(yǔ)拔尖計(jì)劃（英語(yǔ)文學(xué)）復(fù)試英語(yǔ)文學(xué)翻譯與翻譯理論試題及答案考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______I.EnglishLiteraryTranslation1.TranslatethefollowingexcerptfromashortstoryintoChinese."Thesundippedbelowthehorizon,castingagoldenglowoverthetranquillake.Theswansglidedgracefullyacrossthewater,theirreflectionsshimmeringlikediamondsonthesurface.Asthedayturnedintonight,thesoftrustleofleavesandthedistantcallofanowlfilledtheair,creatingasenseofserenitythatwasalmostpalpable."2.TranslatethefollowingpoemintoChinese."Upontheshore,thewavescrash,Inmelancholy'sgrip,Ashipindistancefades,Losttothesky'svastembrace.Thewindwhisperstalesofthesea,Ofshipsthatsailunseen,Boundforportswe'llneverreach,Lostintheocean'ssheen."3.TranslatethefollowingexcerptfromaplayintoChinese."EnterLadyCapulet,herfacepaintedwithtears,andRomeostandingbeforeher.LADYCAPULET:Oh,mydearRomeo,howcouldyoudothistome?Tomyfamily?Ourlovewaspureandtrue,butnowit'sallgonefornaught.ROMEO:Myloveforyouisasdeepastheocean,LadyCapulet.Iwoulddieforyou,butIwillnotletourlovebetornapartbyyourfamily'swrath."II.TranslationTheory1.Choosethecorrecttranslationtheoryfromthefollowingoptions:a)Literaltranslationb)Freetranslationc)Dynamicequivalenced)Functionalism2.WhatisthemainfocusoftheSkoposTheoryintranslation?a)Thetargetlanguagereaderb)Thesourcelanguagetextc)Thetranslator'spersonalstyled)Thehistoricalcontext3.Discusstheconceptof"fidelity"intranslation.Howdoesitrelatetothetranslator'srole?4.Explainthedifferencebetween"translation"and"transcreation."5.Describetheroleofculturaladaptationintranslatingatextfromonelanguagetoanother.試卷答案1.陽(yáng)光沉入地平線，將寧?kù)o的湖面染上金色光輝。天鵝優(yōu)雅地在水面滑行，它們的倒影在表面閃爍，如同鉆石般閃耀。夜幕降臨，樹(shù)葉的輕柔沙沙聲和遠(yuǎn)處貓頭鷹的叫聲在空氣中回蕩，營(yíng)造出一種幾乎能觸摸到的寧?kù)o。解析思路：首先要理解原文的意境，然后運(yùn)用適當(dāng)?shù)闹形脑~匯和句式來(lái)傳達(dá)原文的情感和形象。注意保持原文的節(jié)奏和韻律。2.海浪拍打著岸邊，在憂郁的掌握中，一艘遠(yuǎn)方的船逐漸消失，在天空的廣闊擁抱中迷失。風(fēng)兒低語(yǔ)著海的故事，關(guān)于那些不見(jiàn)的船只，駛向我們永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法到達(dá)的港口，在海洋的光輝中迷失。解析思路：詩(shī)歌翻譯需要保留原詩(shī)的韻律和節(jié)奏，同時(shí)傳達(dá)出詩(shī)人的情感。注意“whisperstales”和“sailunseen”等表達(dá)需要找到合適的中文對(duì)應(yīng)。3.進(jìn)場(chǎng)：凱普萊特夫人，淚流滿面，羅密歐站在她面前。凱普萊特夫人：哦，我親愛(ài)的羅密歐，你怎么能這樣對(duì)我？對(duì)我家族？我們的愛(ài)情是純潔而真實(shí)的，但現(xiàn)在一切都化為烏有。羅密歐：我對(duì)你的愛(ài)如同深海，凱普萊特夫人。我愿意為你而死，但我不會(huì)讓我們的愛(ài)情被你的家族的憤怒所撕裂。解析思路：戲劇翻譯需要準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)對(duì)話的語(yǔ)氣和情感，同時(shí)保持角色的語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格。注意“mydearRomeo”和“myfamily'swrath”等表達(dá)需要找到合適的中文對(duì)應(yīng)。1.d)Functionalism解析思路：功能主義翻譯理論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是譯文在目的語(yǔ)文化中的功能，即譯文要達(dá)到與原文相似的效果。2.a)Thetargetlanguagereader解析思路：目的論（SkoposTheory）認(rèn)為翻譯的目的決定了翻譯的行為，因此目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言讀者是翻譯過(guò)程中需要考慮的重要因素。3.“Fidelity”intranslationreferstothedegreetowhichthetranslatedtextaccuratelyconveysthemeaning,tone,andstyleofthesourcetext.Itrelatestothetranslator'sroleinensuringthatthetargetlanguagetextremainstruetothesourcetextwhilealsobeingaccessibleandengagingtothetargetlanguageaudience.解析思路：解釋“fidelity”在翻譯中的含義，以及它與翻譯者角色的關(guān)系。4.Translationinvolvesrenderingthecontentofasourcetextintoanotherlanguagewhilemaintainingitsmeaning,whiletranscreationisaformoftranslationthatinvolvesnotonlyconveyingthecontentbutalsoadaptingitcreativelytosuittheculturalcontextofthetargetlanguageaudience.解析思路：區(qū)分翻譯和創(chuàng)意翻譯（transcreation）的概念，強(qiáng)調(diào)創(chuàng)意翻譯在文化適應(yīng)中的作用。5.Culturaladaptationintranslationinvolvesmodifyingthesourcetexttomakeitculturallyrelevantandcomprehensibletothetargetlang