專題18圖表作文寫寫作指導(dǎo)識識第一部分：圖表作文核心認(rèn)知圖表類作文考察學(xué)生觀察圖表、描述圖表的能力。主要通過試題提供的一組和幾組數(shù)據(jù)來反映某個去式或者某一個問題、現(xiàn)象。要求考生對圖表的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行梳理、概括和評論。圖表類型有:柱狀圖（columnchart）、餅狀圖（piechart）、折線圖（linegraph）等1.寫作目的：客觀描述圖表中的主要信息、數(shù)據(jù)變化和趨勢，并在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行簡單的分析和評論。2.三要素：·描述(Description)：客觀陳述數(shù)據(jù)，不添加個人觀點(diǎn)?！し治?Analysis)：點(diǎn)明數(shù)據(jù)背后的規(guī)律、趨勢或?qū)Ρ??！ぴu論(ment)：簡要分析原因或闡述可能的影響/意義。3.常見圖表類型：·柱狀圖(BarChart)：強(qiáng)調(diào)不同類別之間的比較?！ふ劬€圖(LineGraph)：顯示數(shù)據(jù)隨時間的變化趨勢?！わ灎顖D(PieChart)：展示各部分在整體中所占的比例?！け砀?Table)：呈現(xiàn)具體的數(shù)據(jù)集合，需要自己歸納趨勢。第二部分：萬能寫作模板模板一：經(jīng)典三段式Paragraph1:引言段概述圖表The[chart/graph/table/piechart]providessomefascinatingdataregarding[圖表主題]during[時間/范圍].Ascanbeseenfromthe[chart],[總體概括句，點(diǎn)明最核心的趨勢或現(xiàn)象].·【譯文】：該【圖表】提供了一些關(guān)于【時間/范圍】內(nèi)【圖表主題】的有趣數(shù)據(jù)。從圖表中可以看出，【總體概括句】。Paragraph2:主體段描述細(xì)節(jié)that...atthedatamoreclosely,wecanobservethat...·（描述最高/最低點(diǎn)）:Itisnoteworthythat[A]accountsforthelargestproportionat[數(shù)據(jù)],while[B]takesupthesmallestshareatmerely[數(shù)據(jù)].·（描述變化趨勢）:Thefigurefor[C]experiencedasharp/steady/gradualincrease/decreasefrom[數(shù)據(jù)]in[年份]to[數(shù)據(jù)]in[年份].·（描述對比）:Incontrastto[D],thenumberof[E]remainedrelativelystable.·【譯文】：更仔細(xì)地觀察數(shù)據(jù)，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)……·值得注意的是，（A）占據(jù)了最大比例，達(dá)（數(shù)據(jù)），而（B）僅占最小份額，僅為（數(shù)據(jù)）?！ぃ–）的數(shù)據(jù)從（年份）的（數(shù)據(jù)）到（年份）的（數(shù)據(jù)）經(jīng)歷了急劇的/平穩(wěn)的/逐漸的增長/下降?！づc（D）相比，（E）的數(shù)量保持相對穩(wěn)定。Paragraph3:分析評論段闡述原因/影響Thetrendsrevealedbythechartcanbeattributedtoseveralfactors.Firstly,[原因一].Forinstance,[舉例說明].Moreover,[原因二].Withthedevelopmentof...[結(jié)合社會背景].Thesechangesaresignificantbecausetheyindicatethat...[簡述影響或意義].·【譯文】：圖表揭示的趨勢可歸因于幾個因素。首先，【原因一】。例如，【舉例說明】。此外，【原因二】。隨著……的發(fā)展，【結(jié)合社會背景】。這些變化是重要的，因為它們表明……【簡述影響或意義】。Paragraph4:結(jié)論段總結(jié)預(yù)測Inconclusion,the[chart]clearlydemonstratesthat[重申核心趨勢].Thistrendislikelytocontinueintheforeseeablefuture,anditiscrucialforusto[提出建議或展望].·【譯文】：總之，該圖表清楚地表明【重申核心趨勢】。這一趨勢在可預(yù)見的未來很可能會持續(xù)，我們有必要【提出建議或展望】。模板二：萬能模板As?is?shown?by?the?figure/percentage?in?the?table?/picture，____?has?been?on?rise/?decrease，significantly/dramaticallyrising/decreasing?from?____?in?_____?to?_____?in?_____.?From?the?sharp?rise/decline?in?the?chart，?it?goes?without?saying?that?_____.?There?are?at?least?two?good?reasons?accounting?for?_____.?In?one?hand，?____.In?the?other?hand_____?is?due?to?the?fact?that?______.In?addition，______?is?responsible?for?_____.?Maybethere?are?some?other?reasons?to?show?______.But?it?is?generally?believed?that?the?above?mentioned?reasons?are?monly?convincing.?As?far?as?I?am?concerned，I?hold?the?point?of?view?that?______.?I?am?sure?my?opinion?is?both?sound?and?wellgrounded.?第三部分：核心素材與高分句型庫1.開篇概述句（替換使用）·Thebarchartillustratesthechangesin...(柱狀圖展示了……的變化。)·Asisshowninthelinegraph,...(正如折線圖所示，……)·Accordingtothedatapresentedinthepiechart,...(根據(jù)餅狀圖提供的數(shù)據(jù)，……)2.描述趨勢與變化類別動詞(Verb)名詞(Noun)副詞(Adverb)急劇上升surge,soar,rocket,jumpasurge,asharprisesharply,dramatically,rapidly穩(wěn)步上升increase,rise,growanincrease,agrowthsteadily,gradually,constantly保持平穩(wěn)remainstable/constant,stabilizestability波動fluctuateafluctuation緩慢下降decrease,decline,drop,falladecrease,adeclinegradually,slowly,slightly急劇下降plunge,plummet,slumpasharpdrop,aplungedramatically,sharply句型：·Therewasadramaticincreaseinthenumberof...·Thepercentageof...remainedstableat...·Thedatashowsafluctuationbetween...and...3.表示比例與占比·accountfor20%(占20%)·makeupthelargestshare(占據(jù)最大份額)·occupyadominantposition(占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位)·...isdividedinto...parts,withAbeingthelargestat...(……被分為……部分，其中A最大，占……)4.表示對比·Incontrast,...(相比之下)·Onthecontrary,...(正相反)·...while/whereas...(……而……)5.分析原因（萬能角度）·經(jīng)濟(jì)因素(Economicfactors):Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,people'slivingstandardshavebeengreatlyimproved.(隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，人們的生活水平大大提高。)·技術(shù)因素(Technologicalfactors):Theadvancementintechnologyhasmadeiteasierandcheaperto...(技術(shù)進(jìn)步使得……變得更簡單、更便宜。)·社會意識(Socialawareness):Thereisagrowingawarenessamongthepublicoftheimportanceof...(公眾對……重要性的意識日益增強(qiáng)。)·政策支持(Policysupport):Thegovernmenthasimplementedaseriesofpoliciestoencourage...(政府實(shí)施了一系列政策來鼓勵……)6.結(jié)論與預(yù)測·Inaword,...(總而言之)·Tosumup,theoveralltrendisthat...(總的來說，總體趨勢是……)·Basedonthedata,wecanpredictthatthistrendwillcontinue.(基于數(shù)據(jù)，我們可以預(yù)測這一趨勢將持續(xù)下去。)·Ifthistrendcontinues,itmayleadto...(如果這一趨勢持續(xù)，可能會導(dǎo)致……)第四部分：寫作流程與高分技巧1.審題“三步走”·Step1:看清圖表類型和主題（標(biāo)題很重要?。??！tep2:確定橫縱坐標(biāo)、單位、圖例，理解數(shù)據(jù)含義?！tep3:找出最大值、最小值、轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)、總體趨勢。2.寫作“四忌”·忌羅列數(shù)據(jù)：不要把所有數(shù)據(jù)都寫出來，只選有代表性的?！ぜ芍饔^臆斷：描述段只描述，不分析原因?！ぜ蓵r態(tài)錯誤：過去時間用過去時，現(xiàn)在或無明確時間用現(xiàn)在時。·忌沒有亮點(diǎn)：適當(dāng)使用高級詞匯和復(fù)雜句型。3.高分秘訣·詞匯多樣性：避免重復(fù)使用increase和decrease，多用同義詞?！ぞ涫蕉鄻有裕汉唵尉洹⒉⒘芯?、從句（定語從句、狀語從句、名詞性從句）交替使用?！み壿嬊逦汉侠硎褂眠B接詞，如however,furthermore,inaddition等。1.模板內(nèi)化：將四段式結(jié)構(gòu)變成自己的思維習(xí)慣。2.素材活用：瘋狂背誦第三部分的句型和詞匯，考時信手拈來。3.勤于練習(xí)：找歷年真題或模擬題圖表，練習(xí)審題和寫作?！?025年天津首考】假如你是晨光中學(xué)的李津，5月18日為國際博物館日，學(xué)校英語俱樂部正在舉辦主題為ThePowerOfMmseums的征文活動，根據(jù)你搜集的以下圖表信息，寫一篇稿件。內(nèi)容包括:(1)簡單分析圖表展示的現(xiàn)象;(2)簡要分析該現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生處原因(展覽豐富，多樣性強(qiáng)，豐富生活和學(xué)習(xí));(3)鼓勵大家走進(jìn)圖書館。答案：Thechartrevealsasignificantsurgeinmuseumvisitsoverthepastdecade,withattendancedoublingfrom720millionin2014to1.4billionin2024.Thisremarkablegrowthreflectsmuseums’evolvingroleasindispensableculturalandeducationalhubsinmodernsociety.

圖表數(shù)據(jù)顯示，近十年來我國博物館參觀量呈跨越式增長態(tài)勢，2014至2024年間參觀人次從7.2億攀升至14億，實(shí)現(xiàn)規(guī)模翻番。這一現(xiàn)象生動印證了博物館正從傳統(tǒng)文化場館向現(xiàn)代社會中不可或缺的全民文化教育樞紐轉(zhuǎn)型。Severalfactorscontributetothisphenomenon.Firstly,museumshavetransformedintodynamicspacesofferingdiverseexhibitionsthatcatertoallinterests.Fromancientartifactstocuttingedgetechnologydisplays,theybridgehistoricalnarrativeswithcontemporarycreativity,appealingtobothscholarsandcasualvisitors.Secondly,interactiveexperiencessuchasvirtualrealitytours,workshops,andmultimediainstallationshaveenhancedengagement,makinglearningimmersiveandenjoyable.Forinstance,holographicexhibitsinTianjinScienceMuseumallowvisitorsto"stepinto"historicalscenes,sparkingcuriosity.Lastly,museumsincreasinglyserveasmunitycenters.Familyfriendlyactivities,lectureseries,andthemedeventsfostersocialinteractionwhilepromotinglifelonglearning.

這一趨勢的形成源于多重因素。首先，博物館已轉(zhuǎn)型為多元化動態(tài)空間，提供涵蓋各類興趣的展覽——從古代文物到前沿科技展示，將歷史敘事與現(xiàn)代創(chuàng)意相融合，同時吸引學(xué)者與普通觀眾。其次，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)導(dǎo)覽、互動工作坊和多媒體裝置等沉浸式體驗顯著提升了參與度，使學(xué)習(xí)過程兼具趣味性與教育性。例如，天津科技館的全息展品讓參觀者得以"走進(jìn)"歷史場景，有效激發(fā)探索興趣。最后，博物館日益發(fā)揮社區(qū)中心功能，通過家庭活動、系列講座和主題項目促進(jìn)社交互動，同時推動終身學(xué)習(xí)。Giventheirprofoundimpact,Iurgeeveryonetoexploremuseums.Theyarenotmererepositoriesofthepastbutgatewaystoinspiration,criticalthinking,andculturalappreciation.Bysteppingintothesespaces,weenrichourhorizonsandcontributetosustaininghumanity’ssharedheritage.Letmuseumsempoweryourjourneyofdiscovery!鑒于博物館的深遠(yuǎn)影響力，我誠摯呼吁各位走進(jìn)博物館。它們不僅是保存歷史的寶庫，更是激發(fā)靈感、培育批判性思維、深化文化認(rèn)知的橋梁。當(dāng)我們踏入這些文化空間，既是在拓展認(rèn)知邊界，亦是在守護(hù)人類文明共同遺產(chǎn)。讓博物館為每位探索者的求知之旅注入力量！（泉州市2024屆高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測二）你校英文報正在開展以Students’TimeSpentonPhysicalExerciseWeekly題的討論。請使用圖表中的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.描述調(diào)查結(jié)果；2.分析其原因并給出建議。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.短文的題目和首句已為你寫好。答案：Dearfellowstudents,

Recently,ourschoolEnglishclubconductedasurveyamongseniorhighschoolstudentsaboutthedurationofweeklyphysicalexercise.Accordingtothechart,18%ofthestudentsspendlessthan2hoursonphysicalexerciseperweek,40%exercisefor24hours,28%for45hours,and14%formorethan5hours.

It'sencouragingthatnearly82%ofstudentsexerciseforatleast2hoursaweek,whichshowsthatmostofusunderstandthesignificanceofphysicalactivity.However,the18%ofstudentswithlessthan2hourexercisetimeperweekisaconcern.Thismightbebecauseoftheheavystudyloadorinsufficientawarenessofthebenefitsofexercise.

Toaddressthis,westudentsshouldmakeaconsciouseffort.Wecanstartourdaywithabriskwalkordosomestretchingexercisesduringbreaks.Asfortheschool,moresportsactivitieslikecampusmarathonsorbasketballtournamentscouldbeorganizedtoboostourenthusiasmforsports.Let'salltakeactiontokeepfitandleadamoreactivelife.

Thankyou！2024深圳二模：假定你是李華，你班在校英語戲劇節(jié)中獲得一等獎，外教James打算為此慶祝，并委托你調(diào)查同學(xué)們喜歡的方式。請你根據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果，給外教寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1、表達(dá)感謝;2、提出個人建議；3、說明理