北京語言大學2025年愛沙尼亞語（翻譯技巧）選拔試題及答案考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______1.詞匯翻譯（每題2分，共20分）（1）愛沙尼亞語中“書”的翻譯是：A.raamatB.raamC.raamatuD.raamatu（2）下列哪個詞與“去”在愛沙尼亞語中的意思相同？A.j??daB.j??C.j??bD.j??b（3）愛沙尼亞語中“我們”的翻譯是：A.meieB.meC.meidD.meie（4）下列哪個詞與“吃”在愛沙尼亞語中的意思相同？A.s??dB.s??C.s??bD.s??（5）愛沙尼亞語中“朋友”的翻譯是：A.s?berB.s?braC.s?bradD.s?brad2.句子翻譯（每題3分，共30分）（1）Translation:“T?nan,etsaidabitaminuga.”（2）Translation:“Kuidassateed?”（3）Translation:“MinuarmastatudelabTallinnas.”（4）Translation:“Midasasoovitadminulostada?”（5）Translation:“MemeeldibmeilekülastadaEestitigaaasta.”3.段落翻譯（每題5分，共30分）（1）Translation:“Eestionmaailmav?ikseimriik,kuidsuurimt?hendus.Seeonkodumaa,kusmeelame,t??damejaloome.Eestionkaunis,rahulikjaheadinimestega.Mearmastamemeiemaadjasoovime,etsees?ilitaksomaunikaalsedomadusedjakultuuri.”（2）Translation:“Estoniancuisineisablendofflavorsandtraditions.Itisinfluencedbythecountry'sgeographicallocationandhistory.TraditionalEstoniandishesinclude"kalevipoiss"(asweetbread),"sauerkraut"(fermentedcabbage),and"mushroomsoup."Estoniansalsoenjoyavarietyoffishdishes,especiallythosemadewitheelandpikeperch.Thecountry'snationaldrinkis"vodka,"anditisoftenservedwithasmallpieceofryebread.”（3）Translation:“TheEstoniancapital,Tallinn,isabeautifulcitywitharichhistory.Itwasfoundedinthe13thcenturybytheDanishandhasbeeninfluencedbyvariousculturesoverthecenturies.Tallinn'sOldTownisaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite,withitsmedievalstreets,buildings,andthefamousToompeaCastle.Thecityisalsoknownforitsvibrantnightlifeanditsnumerousfestivalsthroughouttheyear.”4.翻譯技巧應用（每題5分，共20分）（1）請翻譯以下段落，并說明在翻譯過程中運用了哪些翻譯技巧：“Estoniahasauniqueculturalheritagethatreflectsitshistoryasacountrythathasbeenpartofvariousempiresandkingdoms.Thisheritageisevidentinthecountry'sarchitecture,music,literature,andtraditions.”（2）請翻譯以下段落，并說明在翻譯過程中運用了哪些翻譯技巧：“TheEstonianlanguageisoneoftheFinno-UgriclanguagesandiscloselyrelatedtoFinnish.Ithasitsownuniquesetofsoundsandgrammarrules.LearningEstoniancanbechallenging,butitisalsoarewardingexperienceforthosewhoarepassionateaboutlanguagesandculture.”試卷答案1.詞匯翻譯（每題2分，共20分）（1）A.raamat解析：愛沙尼亞語中“書”的翻譯是“raamat”，意為書籍。（2）B.j??解析：與“去”在愛沙尼亞語中意思相同的是“j??”，意為離開。（3）B.me解析：愛沙尼亞語中“我們”的翻譯是“me”，意為我們。（4）B.s??解析：與“吃”在愛沙尼亞語中意思相同的是“s??”，意為吃。（5）A.s?ber解析：愛沙尼亞語中“朋友”的翻譯是“s?ber”，意為朋友。2.句子翻譯（每題3分，共30分）（1）Translation:“Thankyouforhelpingme.”解析：句子中的“T?nan,etsaidabitaminuga”翻譯為“Thankyouforhelpingme”，表達了感謝對方幫助的意圖。（2）Translation:“Howareyou?”解析：句子中的“Kuidassateed?”翻譯為“Howareyou?”，是詢問對方身體狀況的常見用語。（3）Translation:“MylovedonelivesinTallinn.”解析：句子中的“MinuarmastatudelabTallinnas”翻譯為“MylovedonelivesinTallinn”，表達了說話者的愛人住在塔林的信息。（4）Translation:“Whatwouldyourecommendmetobuy?”解析：句子中的“Midasasoovitadminulostada?”翻譯為“Whatwouldyourecommendmetobuy?”，是詢問推薦購買什么的疑問句。（5）Translation:“WeenjoyvisitingEstoniaeveryyear.”解析：句子中的“MemeeldibmeilekülastadaEestitigaaasta”翻譯為“WeenjoyvisitingEstoniaeveryyear”，表達了說話者喜歡每年訪問愛沙尼亞。3.段落翻譯（每題5分，共30分）（1）Translation:“Estoniaisthesmallestcountryintheworld,butithasthegreatestsignificance.Itisourhomelandwherewelive,work,andcreate.Estoniaisbeautiful,peaceful,andfullofgoodpeople.Weloveourcountryandwanttopreserveitsuniquecharacteristicsandculture.”解析：段落翻譯時注意保留了原文的主旨和細節(jié)，同時調(diào)整了句序以符合漢語的表達習慣。（2）Translation:“Estoniancuisineisablendofflavorsandtraditions.Itisinfluencedbythecountry'sgeographicallocationandhistory.TraditionalEstoniandishesinclude'kalevipoiss'(asweetbread),'sauerkraut'(fermentedcabbage),and'mushroomsoup.'Estoniansalsoenjoyavarietyoffishdishes,especiallythosemadewitheelandpikeperch.Thecountry'snationaldrinkis'vodka,'anditisoftenservedwithasmallpieceofryebread.”解析：段落翻譯時注意了食品名稱的準確翻譯，同時保持了原文的文化背景描述。（3）Translation:“TheEstoniancapital,Tallinn,isabeautifulcitywitharichhistory.Itwasfoundedinthe13thcenturybytheDanishandhasbeeninfluencedbyvariousculturesoverthecenturies.Tallinn'sOldTownisaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite,withitsmedievalstreets,buildings,andthefamousToompeaCastle.Thecityisalsoknownforitsvibrantnightlifeanditsnumerousfestivalsthroughouttheyear.”解析：段落翻譯時注意了城市名稱和歷史背景的準確翻譯，同時保留了原文對塔林老城區(qū)和文化的描述。4.翻譯技巧應用（每題5分，共20分）（1）Translation:“Estoniahasauniqueculturalheritagethatreflectsitshistoryasacountrythathasbeenpartofvariousempiresandkingdoms.Thisheritageisevidentinthecountry'sarchitecture,music,literature,andtraditions.”解析：翻譯時注意了文化背景的介紹，同時調(diào)整了句序以符合漢語的表達習慣。（2）Translation:“TheEstonianlanguageisoneoftheFinno-Ugriclanguagesan