/專題02語法填空目錄TOC\o"1-2"\h\u明晰學(xué)考要求 1基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理 1考點(diǎn)精講講練 2考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞形式填空 2考點(diǎn)二：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換填空 2考點(diǎn)三：從句連接詞填空 2考點(diǎn)四：冠詞介詞填空 2實(shí)戰(zhàn)能力訓(xùn)練 41.掌握基礎(chǔ)語法規(guī)則2.理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境3.準(zhǔn)確判斷所需詞性和形式4.規(guī)范書寫答案（一）考查內(nèi)容全面性學(xué)考語法填空題考查的內(nèi)容相當(dāng)全面，涵蓋了英語語法學(xué)習(xí)的多個(gè)重要方面。時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)：考查學(xué)生對各種時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的掌握情況，包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)等，以及主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的正確運(yùn)用。例如："Lastyear,anewbridge______(build)overtheriver."這里考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，正確答案是"wasbuilt"，學(xué)生需要根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語"lastyear"判斷時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)主語和動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系判斷語態(tài)。非謂語動(dòng)詞：考查動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞的正確使用。例如："______(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful."這里考查現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，正確答案是"Seen"，表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：考查根據(jù)句子成分需要進(jìn)行的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換能力。例如："The______(important)oflearningEnglishisobvious."這里考查形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞，正確答案是"importance"。從句連接：考查定語從句、狀語從句、名詞性從句等的連接詞使用。例如："Thisistheschool______Istudiedfiveyearsago."這里考查定語從句關(guān)系詞，正確答案是"where"。冠詞介詞：考查冠詞a,an,the的正確使用以及常用介詞的搭配。例如："Hegoesto______schoolbybuseveryday."這里考查零冠詞的用法，正確答案是不填冠詞。（一）動(dòng)詞形式填空考查形式及示例：學(xué)考會(huì)考查動(dòng)詞在不同時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和非謂語形式下的正確變形。例如："Sofar,we______(learn)over2,000Englishwords."這里考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，正確答案是"havelearned"，學(xué)生需要根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語"sofar"判斷使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。解題技巧：首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷空白處需要謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞。如果是謂語動(dòng)詞，就要根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語、主語單復(fù)數(shù)等確定時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。如果是非謂語動(dòng)詞，就要分析其在句中的成分，確定使用不定式、動(dòng)名詞還是分詞形式。答題注意事項(xiàng)：注意主謂一致，特別是第三人稱單數(shù)形式。注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化形式，如go-went-gone,write-wrote-written等。注意被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式be+過去分詞。（二）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換填空考查形式及示例：學(xué)考會(huì)考查根據(jù)句子成分需要進(jìn)行詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的能力。例如："Thechildrenareplaying______(happy)inthegarden."這里考查形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞，正確答案是"happily"，因?yàn)樾枰痹~修飾動(dòng)詞。解題技巧：分析空白處在句中的成分，確定所需詞性。如果修飾名詞，通常需要形容詞；如果修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或整個(gè)句子，通常需要副詞。注意一些常見的詞綴，如-tion,-ment,-ness構(gòu)成名詞，-ful,-able構(gòu)成形容詞，-ly構(gòu)成副詞等。答題注意事項(xiàng)：注意拼寫變化，如happy→happily,true→truly等特殊變化。注意一些容易混淆的詞性，如hard既是形容詞又是副詞，而hardly卻是"幾乎不"的意思。（三）從句連接詞填空考查形式及示例：學(xué)考會(huì)考查各類從句連接詞的正確使用。例如："Iwillwaithere______youcomeback."這里考查時(shí)間狀語從句連接詞，正確答案是"until"。解題技巧：分析從句類型，如果是定語從句，要看先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分；如果是狀語從句，要根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系選擇連接詞；如果是名詞性從句，要注意連接詞在從句中是否充當(dāng)成分。答題注意事項(xiàng)：注意that在定語從句和名詞性從句中的不同用法。注意what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。注意狀語從句中連接詞的詞義區(qū)別，如because,since,as都表示原因，但語氣不同。（四）冠詞介詞填空考查形式及示例：學(xué)考會(huì)考查冠詞和介詞的基本用法和固定搭配。例如："Heisgood______playingbasketball."這里考查介詞固定搭配，正確答案是"at"。解題技巧：對于冠詞，要區(qū)分特指和泛指，注意單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前必須加冠詞。對于介詞，要掌握常見介詞的基本含義，更要記憶固定搭配。答題注意事項(xiàng)：注意零冠詞的使用情況，如三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、學(xué)科名稱前通常不用冠詞。注意一些容易混淆的介詞，如in,on,at表示時(shí)間的區(qū)別。例題精練，舉一反三1.Sofar,we______(learn)over3,000Englishwords.2.Thebook______(write)byafamousauthorlastyearisverypopular.3.IfI______(be)you,Iwouldacceptthatjoboffer.4.Hemadeasuggestionthatwe______(hold)ameetingtodiscusstheproblem.5.Bythetimewearrived,thefilm______already______(begin).6.Itisimportantforus______(protect)theenvironment.7.Themoreyoupractice,the______(good)yourEnglishwillbe.8.I'llneverforgetthedays______wespenttogetherinthecountryside.9.Notonly______helikeEnglish,buthealsospeaksitverywell.10.Theteachertoldusthatlight______(travel)fasterthansound.11.______(see)fromthetopofthemountain,thecitylookslikeagarden.12.ThisisthemostinterestingnovelthatI______ever______(read).13.Hewassotiredthathefellasleepassoonashe______(lie)down.14.I'mlookingforwardto______(receive)yourletter.15.Itwasinthispark______wefirstmeteachother.16.Theproblemrequires______(deal)withimmediately.17.Hardly______hearrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.18.Thechildrenareplaying______(happy)inthegarden.19.Itisnouse______(cry)overspiltmilk.20.Shesuggestedthatwe______(start)earlythenextday.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1Thefirststepofice1(fish)isgettingthenet,whichisusuallyovertwokilometerslong,readytoputundertheice.Thentheworkerswillputthenetdownata2(choose)spot,andtakeitupinthedistanceofthevastlake.3thisisactuallyachievedisaninterestingprocess.First,aseriesofholesaredrilledintotheiceaboutameterandahalfthick.Theydrillaholeevery50metersorsoandthey’llkeepdoingthatuntilthey’vedrilledtheholestheentirewayaroundacirclewithadiameter(直徑)oftwokilometers.Meanwhile,anotherteamgetstowork,4(extend)themainholeusinga(n)5(convention)icepick.Eventually,alongpieceofbamboowill6(employ)tothreadtheropeofthenetintothenextholetheyhavedrilled50metersaway.Andtheseguyswillcontinuelikethataroundtheentireoutsideofthecircleuntiltherope7(reach)theothersideofthecircletwokilometersaway.Atthesametime,backatthemainhole,thenetisbeingloweredslowly8surely,meterbymeteruntilit’s9(complete)submergedundertheice.Inthedistance,thediggershavereachedtheothersideofthecircleandarenowworkingondiggingtheholethatthenetwilleventuallycomeout10.2Asthecountdowntothe2022BeijingWinterOlympicscontinues,thenewhigh-speedrailwayline11（connect）thecapitalwithOlympichostcityZhangjiakouhasjustenteredservice.Itcutsthetraveltime12thetwofromthreehoursto47minutes.Butthisisn’tjustanotherbullettrain.Thisbeauty,partofChina’sFuxingseries,canrunupto350kilometersperhourwithoutadriver,13（say）tobetheworld’sfirstsmarthigh-speedrailway.Sowhatmakesthem“smart”?Well,thecarriages14（equip）with5Gsignals,intelligentlightingandsensorstocollectreal-timedataanddetectanyoperationalabnormalities.Meanwhile,eachindividualseathas15（it）owntouch-screencontrolpanelandwirelesschargingdocks.Thoughthehigh-speedtrainsontherouteareautonomous,16monitoringdriverwillbeonboardatalltimes.Thetrainscan17（automatic）start,stopandadjusttothedifferentspeed18（limit）betweenstations.Backatthestation,robotsandfacialrecognitiontechnologiescanhelppassengerswithdirections,luggageandpaperlesscheck-ins.Today,Chinaishometotheworld’slargesthigh-speedrailnetwork,andthe19（fast）commerciallyoperatingtrain—theShanghaimaglev.AccordingtotheChinaStateRailwayGroup,1,036Fuxingbullettrainshavebeenputintooperationsince2017,20theserieswerefirstlaunched.3Therearemomentsinlife21youmisssomepeoplesomuchthatyoujustwanttopickthemfromyourdreamsandhugthemforreal!Whenonedoorofhappinesscloses,22opens,butoftenwelooksolongatthecloseddoorthatwedon'tseetheonewhich23(open)forus.Don'tgoforlooks;theycandeceive(欺騙).Don'tgoforwealth;eventhatfadesaway.Goforsomeone24makesyousmilebecauseittakesonlyasmiletomakeadarkdayseembright.Dreamwhatyouwant25(dream);gowhereyouwanttogo;bewhatyouwanttobe.The26(happy)peopledon't27(necessary)havethebestofeverything;theyjustmakethemostofeverythingthat28(come)alongtheirway.Thebrightestfuturewillalwaysbebasedona29(forget)past.Whenyouwereborn,youwerecryingandeveryone30youwassmiling.Liveyourlifesothatwhenyoudie,you'retheonewhoissmilingandeveryonearoundyouiscrying.4AgirlwhohasagiftfordrawingIwenttoanexhibitionlastmonth,31Iadmiredalotofwonderfulpaintings.Mary,32drawingswereshownattheexhibition,isamodelstudent33isoftenpraisedforhergoodworkatschool.Assoonaswegotintotheexhibitionhall34thepaintingswereonshow,oureyeswerecaughtbyaverylargepicture35washungonthewallinfrontofus.Thehorse36wasdrawninthepicturewasexactlylikearealhorse.Theman37wasridingonitlookedlikealivingman.Itwasthebestpicture38Ihadeverseen,andIshouldsayMaryisthebestyoungpainter39Ihaveeverheardof.However,youwillbequitemistakenifyouthinkthatMarywasbornagoodpainter.OneofherteacherstoldmethatithadtakenMarythousandsofhourstolearnandpractisedrawingbeforeshebecamethebestyoungpainter40haseverbeenheardofinherhometown.Butifyousaythatshehaslearnedtobesogoodatdrawingonlybyworkinghardatit,Iwillcertainlyagreewithyou.5Differentcountrieshavewildlydifferentformsofgreeting.IntheUSA,whenyoupassbysomeoneyouknow,anodisacceptable,andyouusuallyshakehandswithsomeoneyoufirstmeet.ButinLatincountries,afirmhandshake41(consider)rude.Inmyhomecountry,Mauritius,whenpeoplemeet,theyusuallykisseachother42thecheeks.ThisisalsocommoninFrance,43theactiscalledfairelabise.However,thisisnot44universalrule.DuringmyfirstweekintheUSA,IkissedeverysinglegirlImet.Myfriendshadtotellmethatthatwasinappropriate,45(leave)meingreatembarrassment.Whatiscommonhere,however,isforfriends46(hug)eachother–somethingIwasnotusedto.Hugsalwaysmakeme47(frighten)becauseIdon’treallylikethat.Thismayseemstrangesinceevenkissing48(stranger)isnormalinmycountry.NowthatIthinkaboutit,Ihatecheek-kissingaswell.Wouldn’titbe49(enjoy)tohaveagreetingcodethatis50(wide)acceptable?I’mnotsayingweshouldstartdoingthat,butwecansurelydosomethingtoavoidmisunderstanding.6Redenvelopeshaveplayed51importantpartinChineseNewYearforaslongasanyonecanremember.Sowhat’sthestorybehindtheredenvelopesduringChineseNewYear?Onepopularstory52(date)backtotheQinDynasty,whentheelderlywouldthreadcoinsontoaredstring.Thismoney53(call)yasuiqianinChinese,meaning“moneyprotectingoneselffromevilspirits”,andwasbelievedtoprotectelderpeoplefromsicknessand54(die).Astheprintingpressbecamemorecommon,theyasuiqianwasreplaced55redenvelopes.Anotherlegendtellsofavillage56ademon(惡魔)wouldterrorizechildrenatnight.Itwasbelievedthatthedemonwouldtouchthechildren’sheadswhiletheywereasleep,57(cause)seriousillness.Fromthere,atheoryemergedthatwhentheyprayed,thegodwouldsendeightfairiestoprotectthechild.Thefairieswoulddisguise(偽裝)58(they)aseightcoinsandhideunderthechild’spillow.Whenthedemongotclose,thecoinswouldbegintoshinevery59(bright),blindingthedemon.Wordbegantospreadandthevillagersstartedgivingredenvelopes60(fill)withcoinstoeachothertoputundertheirpillowsatnight.Astimepassed,redenvelopesbecameawaytobringgoodluckandprosperitytothereceiver.7Awomaninbluejeansstoodatthewindowof61expensiveshop.Thoughshehesitatedforamoment,shefinallywentinandaskedtoseeadress62wasinthewindow.Theassistantwhoservedherdidnotlikethewayshewasdressed.63(look)atherscornfully,hetoldherthatthedress64(sell).Thewomanwalked65oftheshopangrilyanddecidedtopunishtheassistantnextday.Shereturnedtotheshopthefollowingmorningdressedinafurcoat,66ahandbaginonehandandalongumbrellaintheother.67seekingouttherudeassistantsheaskedforthesamedress.Notrealizingwhoshewas,theassistantwaseagertoserveherthistime.Withgreat68(difficult),heclimbedintotheshopwindowtogetthedress.Assoonasshesawit,thewomansaidshe69(not)likeit.Sheenjoyed70（she）makingtheassistantbringalmosteverythinginthewindowbeforefinallybuyingthedressshehadfirstaskedfor.8Fido,alittledog,wasveryanxioustogetthefavoronhismaster.Hetookcare,however,

neithertobetroublesome,71wouldhefollowhimintothelivingroomunlesshewasasked.Healsotriedtomake72(he)usefultohiskindmaster.Hewoulddriveawaystrangepigsandotheranimals73cameintotheyard．Oncewhenhismasterwassick,Fido74(lie)attheroomdooranddidnotleave,eventogethisfood．Whenhismasterwaswellenough,Fido75(admit)intotheroom,andshowedsomanysignsofjoythathismasterwasmorefond76himthanever．Fidoevenhadachanceof77(save)hismaster'slife．HismasterwassleepinginasummerhousewithFidoathisside．Suddenly78dogsawthewallshake,anddirtfallfromtheceiling．Fidoknewthattherewasdanger,andbeganbarking79(awake)hismaster．Asthisdidnotsucceed,hejumpedup,and80(gentle)bithisfinger．Hismasterhadjusttimetogetoutofthedoorwhenthewholebuildingfell．Fidowashurtbysomeoftherubbish．Andhismasterhadhimkindlytakencareoftillhegotwell．9Languageissometimeswrittenasacodesothatpeoplecancommunicatesecrets.During81SecondWorldWar,theGermanNavy（海軍）usedacodetosendmessages.TheBritishbrokethecodeand82（learn）aboutmanyGermanplans.TheJapanesealsousedacodetotalkto83（they）shipsatsea.ItwascalledthePurpleCode.AlthoughtheAmericanssoonbrokethiscode,theJapanesedidn’tknowit84（break）.In1942,theAmericansbegantousetheirowncodetosend85（secret）.AfewNavajo（納瓦在人）Indiansmadethiscode86（base）ontheirlanguage,whichonlysomeAmericanIndiansspoke.ThecodedescribedafewthingstheAmericanarmydid.Onlytheycouldunderstandthiscode,sotheywentwiththearmyasitfoughtagainsttheJapanese.TheseNavajosoldierspromised87（keep）thiscodeasecret,eventhoughthiscouldcausetheir88（die）.TheJapaneseneverbrokethecodebecausetheyknewnothing89theNavajolanguage.Andthecode,90connectedtwolanguages,helpedwinthewarinthePacific.10APu,acartoonimageofayoungmalepandawholovesplayingtabletennis,91(become)theofficialglobalrepresentativeofChina’sgiantpandassincethecompetition’sorganizersannouncedlastWednesday.APuwearsaredT-shirt92whichanimageofhisfavoritefood—bambooshoot—canbeseen.TheeyesofAPuareheartshaped,suggestingemotionsofloveandcaring.TheimageofAPu93(select)frommorethan2.023worksfrom22countries,wontheChinaGiantPandaGlobalImageDesignCompetition.TheimageofAPuwillbe94(wide)promotedastheofficialimageofChina’sgiantpandasandwillbeabridge95(connect)Chinawiththerestoftheworld,theorganizerssaid.“APu96(give)theidentityofayoungmalepandawhowillsoonbe97freshmanincollegeandlovesplayingtabletennis.”accordingtotheleaddesigneroftheteamcreatingAPu.TheimagerepresentsthenewgenerationofChinese98(youth)whoaremoreconnectedtotheinternationalcommunity,99alsoshowstheircharacteristics—energetic,positive,100(confidence),andwillingtoshare.

專題02語法填空目錄TOC\o"1-2"\h\u明晰學(xué)考要求 1基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)梳理 1考點(diǎn)精講講練 2考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞形式填空 2考點(diǎn)二：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換填空 2考點(diǎn)三：從句連接詞填空 2考點(diǎn)四：冠詞介詞填空 2實(shí)戰(zhàn)能力訓(xùn)練 61.掌握基礎(chǔ)語法規(guī)則2.理解句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語境3.準(zhǔn)確判斷所需詞性和形式4.規(guī)范書寫答案（一）考查內(nèi)容全面性學(xué)考語法填空題考查的內(nèi)容相當(dāng)全面，涵蓋了英語語法學(xué)習(xí)的多個(gè)重要方面。時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)：考查學(xué)生對各種時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的掌握情況，包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)等，以及主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的正確運(yùn)用。例如："Lastyear,anewbridge______(build)overtheriver."這里考查一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，正確答案是"wasbuilt"，學(xué)生需要根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語"lastyear"判斷時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)主語和動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系判斷語態(tài)。非謂語動(dòng)詞：考查動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞的正確使用。例如："______(see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful."這里考查現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，正確答案是"Seen"，表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：考查根據(jù)句子成分需要進(jìn)行的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換能力。例如："The______(important)oflearningEnglishisobvious."這里考查形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞，正確答案是"importance"。從句連接：考查定語從句、狀語從句、名詞性從句等的連接詞使用。例如："Thisistheschool______Istudiedfiveyearsago."這里考查定語從句關(guān)系詞，正確答案是"where"。冠詞介詞：考查冠詞a,an,the的正確使用以及常用介詞的搭配。例如："Hegoesto______schoolbybuseveryday."這里考查零冠詞的用法，正確答案是不填冠詞。（一）動(dòng)詞形式填空考查形式及示例：學(xué)考會(huì)考查動(dòng)詞在不同時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和非謂語形式下的正確變形。例如："Sofar,we______(learn)over2,000Englishwords."這里考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，正確答案是"havelearned"，學(xué)生需要根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語"sofar"判斷使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。解題技巧：首先分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷空白處需要謂語動(dòng)詞還是非謂語動(dòng)詞。如果是謂語動(dòng)詞，就要根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語、主語單復(fù)數(shù)等確定時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。如果是非謂語動(dòng)詞，就要分析其在句中的成分，確定使用不定式、動(dòng)名詞還是分詞形式。答題注意事項(xiàng)：注意主謂一致，特別是第三人稱單數(shù)形式。注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化形式，如go-went-gone,write-wrote-written等。注意被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式be+過去分詞。（二）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換填空考查形式及示例：學(xué)考會(huì)考查根據(jù)句子成分需要進(jìn)行詞性轉(zhuǎn)換的能力。例如："Thechildrenareplaying______(happy)inthegarden."這里考查形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為副詞，正確答案是"happily"，因?yàn)樾枰痹~修飾動(dòng)詞。解題技巧：分析空白處在句中的成分，確定所需詞性。如果修飾名詞，通常需要形容詞；如果修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或整個(gè)句子，通常需要副詞。注意一些常見的詞綴，如-tion,-ment,-ness構(gòu)成名詞，-ful,-able構(gòu)成形容詞，-ly構(gòu)成副詞等。答題注意事項(xiàng)：注意拼寫變化，如happy→happily,true→truly等特殊變化。注意一些容易混淆的詞性，如hard既是形容詞又是副詞，而hardly卻是"幾乎不"的意思。（三）從句連接詞填空考查形式及示例：學(xué)考會(huì)考查各類從句連接詞的正確使用。例如："Iwillwaithere______youcomeback."這里考查時(shí)間狀語從句連接詞，正確答案是"until"。解題技巧：分析從句類型，如果是定語從句，要看先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分；如果是狀語從句，要根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系選擇連接詞；如果是名詞性從句，要注意連接詞在從句中是否充當(dāng)成分。答題注意事項(xiàng)：注意that在定語從句和名詞性從句中的不同用法。注意what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。注意狀語從句中連接詞的詞義區(qū)別，如because,since,as都表示原因，但語氣不同。（四）冠詞介詞填空考查形式及示例：學(xué)考會(huì)考查冠詞和介詞的基本用法和固定搭配。例如："Heisgood______playingbasketball."這里考查介詞固定搭配，正確答案是"at"。解題技巧：對于冠詞，要區(qū)分特指和泛指，注意單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前必須加冠詞。對于介詞，要掌握常見介詞的基本含義，更要記憶固定搭配。答題注意事項(xiàng)：注意零冠詞的使用情況，如三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)、學(xué)科名稱前通常不用冠詞。注意一些容易混淆的介詞，如in,on,at表示時(shí)間的區(qū)別。例題精練，舉一反三1.Sofar,we______(learn)over3,000Englishwords.【答案】havelearned【解析】本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：到目前為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了超過3000個(gè)英語單詞。時(shí)間狀語"sofar"表示"到目前為止"，常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，主語是we，故填havelearned。2.Thebook______(write)byafamousauthorlastyearisverypopular.【答案】written【解析】本題考查過去分詞作定語。句意：去年由一位著名作家寫的那本書非常受歡迎。book與write之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已完成，故用過去分詞written作后置定語。3.IfI______(be)you,Iwouldacceptthatjoboffer.【答案】were【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果我是你，我會(huì)接受那份工作。在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞用were。4.Hemadeasuggestionthatwe______(hold)ameetingtodiscusstheproblem.【答案】(should)hold【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的用法。句意：他建議我們開個(gè)會(huì)來討論這個(gè)問題。suggestion后面的同位語從句中，謂語要用"(should)+動(dòng)詞原形"的虛擬語氣形式。5.Bythetimewearrived,thefilm______already______(begin).【答案】had,begun【解析】本題考查過去完成時(shí)。句意：我們到達(dá)時(shí)，電影已經(jīng)開始了。"bythetime+過去時(shí)間"引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，主句要用過去完成時(shí)。6.Itisimportantforus______(protect)theenvironment.【答案】toprotect【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：保護(hù)環(huán)境對我們來說很重要。在"Itis+形容詞+forsb.+todosth."句型中，用動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的主語。7.Themoreyoupractice,the______(good)yourEnglishwillbe.【答案】better【解析】本題考查比較級(jí)句型。句意：你練習(xí)得越多，你的英語就會(huì)越好。"the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)"表示"越...越..."，good的比較級(jí)是better。8.I'llneverforgetthedays______wespenttogetherinthecountryside.【答案】that/which【解析】本題考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。句意：我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們在鄉(xiāng)下一起度過的那些日子。先行詞thedays在定語從句中作spent的賓語，故用that或which。9.Notonly______helikeEnglish,buthealsospeaksitverywell.【答案】does【解析】本題考查倒裝句。句意：他不僅喜歡英語，而且說得很好。notonly位于句首時(shí)，其后的句子要用部分倒裝。10.Theteachertoldusthatlight______(travel)fasterthansound.【答案】travels【解析】本題考查客觀真理的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：老師告訴我們光比聲音傳播得快。雖然主句是過去時(shí)，但賓語從句表達(dá)的是客觀真理，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。11.______(see)fromthetopofthemountain,thecitylookslikeagarden.【答案】Seen【解析】本題考查過去分詞作狀語。句意：從山頂上看，這個(gè)城市像一個(gè)花園。city與see之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞seen。12.ThisisthemostinterestingnovelthatI______ever______(read).【答案】have,read【解析】本題考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意：這是我看過的最有趣的小說。在最高級(jí)修飾的名詞后的定語從句中，常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。13.Hewassotiredthathefellasleepassoonashe______(lie)down.【答案】lay【解析】本題考查一般過去時(shí)。句意：他太累了，一躺下就睡著了。主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句也要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)，lie的過去式是lay。14.I'mlookingforwardto______(receive)yourletter.【答案】receiving【解析】本題考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：我期待著收到你的來信。lookforwardto中的to是介詞，后面要接動(dòng)名詞。15.Itwasinthispark______wefirstmeteachother.【答案】that【解析】本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：就是在這個(gè)公園里我們第一次見面。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型"Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他"，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語inthispark。16.Theproblemrequires______(deal)withimmediately.【答案】dealing【解析】本題考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：這個(gè)問題需要立即處理。requiredoingsth.相當(dāng)于requiretobedone，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。17.Hardly______hearrivedhomewhenitbegantorain.【答案】had【解析】本題考查倒裝句。句意：他剛到家就開始下雨了。hardly...when...結(jié)構(gòu)中，hardly位于句首時(shí)，其后的句子要用部分倒裝，且主句用過去完成時(shí)。18.Thechildrenareplaying______(happy)inthegarden.【答案】happily【解析】本題考查副詞。句意：孩子們在花園里快樂地玩耍。修飾動(dòng)詞play要用副詞形式，happy的副詞是happily。19.Itisnouse______(cry)overspiltmilk.【答案】crying【解析】本題考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：為灑了的牛奶哭泣是沒有用的。Itisnousedoingsth.是固定句型，表示"做某事沒有用"。20.Shesuggestedthatwe______(start)earlythenextday.【答案】(should)start【解析】本題考查虛擬語氣。句意：她建議我們第二天早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。suggest表示"建議"時(shí)，后面的賓語從句要用"(should)+動(dòng)詞原形"的虛擬語氣形式。閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1Thefirststepofice1(fish)isgettingthenet,whichisusuallyovertwokilometerslong,readytoputundertheice.Thentheworkerswillputthenetdownata2(choose)spot,andtakeitupinthedistanceofthevastlake.3thisisactuallyachievedisaninterestingprocess.First,aseriesofholesaredrilledintotheiceaboutameterandahalfthick.Theydrillaholeevery50metersorsoandthey’llkeepdoingthatuntilthey’vedrilledtheholestheentirewayaroundacirclewithadiameter(直徑)oftwokilometers.Meanwhile,anotherteamgetstowork,4(extend)themainholeusinga(n)5(convention)icepick.Eventually,alongpieceofbamboowill6(employ)tothreadtheropeofthenetintothenextholetheyhavedrilled50metersaway.Andtheseguyswillcontinuelikethataroundtheentireoutsideofthecircleuntiltherope7(reach)theothersideofthecircletwokilometersaway.Atthesametime,backatthemainhole,thenetisbeingloweredslowly8surely,meterbymeteruntilit’s9(complete)submergedundertheice.Inthedistance,thediggershavereachedtheothersideofthecircleandarenowworkingondiggingtheholethatthenetwilleventuallycomeout10.【答案】1．fishing2．chosen3．How4．extending5．conventional6．beemployed7．reaches/hasreached8．but9．completely10．of【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了冰下捕魚的具體操作步驟。1．考查名詞。句意：冰下捕魚的第一步是準(zhǔn)備好放到冰下的漁網(wǎng)，這張網(wǎng)通常超過兩千米長。設(shè)空處作介詞of的賓語，其前有ice修飾，應(yīng)用名詞fishing，意為“捕魚”，是不可數(shù)名詞。icefishing表示“冰下捕魚”，為固定短語。故填fishing。2．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：然后漁工們要在選定的地方撒網(wǎng)，并在廣闊的湖泊遠(yuǎn)處把它收上來。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作定語，修飾名詞spot，choose和spot之間是邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。此處為過去分詞化的形容詞，意為“被選出來的”。故填chosen。3．考查主語從句。句意：實(shí)際上如何實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)是一個(gè)有趣的過程。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，并在從句中作方式狀語，表示“如何”，應(yīng)用連接副詞how作引導(dǎo)詞，句首單詞的首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填How。4．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：與此同時(shí)，另一支隊(duì)伍開始工作，用傳統(tǒng)的碎冰錐擴(kuò)大主洞。句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞gets，其與設(shè)空處之間無連詞連接，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用非謂語動(dòng)詞，extend和anotherteam之間構(gòu)成邏輯.上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用extend的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語。故填extending。5．考查形容詞。句意見上一題解析。設(shè)空處作定語，修飾名詞短語icepick，應(yīng)用形容詞，結(jié)合句意可知，此處意為“傳統(tǒng)的”。故填conventional。6．考查語態(tài)。句意：最后他們會(huì)用一根長長的竹竿將網(wǎng)繩穿進(jìn)50米外他們鉆的下一個(gè)洞孔里。設(shè)空處和will構(gòu)成主句的謂語，employ和主句主語alongpieceofbamboo之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，且空前有will，動(dòng)詞be應(yīng)用原形。故填beemployed。7．考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這些人會(huì)沿著圓圈的整個(gè)外圍一直這樣做，直到繩子到達(dá)兩千米外圓圈的另一邊。設(shè)空處作until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語，此處可理解為描述經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，或理解為從句的行為完成后，主句的行為才結(jié)束，時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；從句主語therope為單數(shù)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填reaches/hasreached。8．考查固定搭配。句意：與此同時(shí)，在主洞那邊網(wǎng)正在緩慢而穩(wěn)定地下降，一米一米地下降，直到完全淹沒在冰下。slowlybutsurely為固定短語，意為“緩慢而穩(wěn)步地”。故填but。9．考查副詞。句意見上一題解析。設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞submerged，應(yīng)用副詞completely，意為“完全地”，作狀語。故填completely。10．考查介詞。句意：在遠(yuǎn)處，挖掘者已經(jīng)到達(dá)了圓圈的另一邊，現(xiàn)在正在努力挖洞，最終網(wǎng)將從這個(gè)洞里出來。that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞hole，此處表示“網(wǎng)將從這個(gè)洞里出來”，應(yīng)用固定短語comeoutof，意為“從……中出來”，關(guān)系詞that作介詞of的賓語。故填of。2Asthecountdowntothe2022BeijingWinterOlympicscontinues,thenewhigh-speedrailwayline11（connect）thecapitalwithOlympichostcityZhangjiakouhasjustenteredservice.Itcutsthetraveltime12thetwofromthreehoursto47minutes.Butthisisn’tjustanotherbullettrain.Thisbeauty,partofChina’sFuxingseries,canrunupto350kilometersperhourwithoutadriver,13（say）tobetheworld’sfirstsmarthigh-speedrailway.Sowhatmakesthem“smart”?Well,thecarriages14（equip）with5Gsignals,intelligentlightingandsensorstocollectreal-timedataanddetectanyoperationalabnormalities.Meanwhile,eachindividualseathas15（it）owntouch-screencontrolpanelandwirelesschargingdocks.Thoughthehigh-speedtrainsontherouteareautonomous,16monitoringdriverwillbeonboardatalltimes.Thetrainscan17（automatic）start,stopandadjusttothedifferentspeed18（limit）betweenstations.Backatthestation,robotsandfacialrecognitiontechnologiescanhelppassengerswithdirections,luggageandpaperlesscheck-ins.Today,Chinaishometotheworld’slargesthigh-speedrailnetwork,andthe19（fast）commerciallyoperatingtrain—theShanghaimaglev.AccordingtotheChinaStateRailwayGroup,1,036Fuxingbullettrainshavebeenputintooperationsince2017,20theserieswerefirstlaunched.【答案】11．connecting12．between13．said14．a(chǎn)reequipped15．its16．a(chǎn)17．a(chǎn)utomatically18．limits19．fastest20．when【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。隨著2022年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)倒計(jì)時(shí)的繼續(xù)，連接首都和奧運(yùn)會(huì)主辦城市張家口的新高速鐵路剛剛投入使用。文章介紹了高鐵的情況。11．考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：隨著2022年北京冬奧會(huì)倒計(jì)時(shí)的繼續(xù)，連接首都和奧運(yùn)會(huì)主辦城市張家口的新高速鐵路剛剛投入使用。connect和它所修飾的詞line之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故填connecting。12．考查介詞。句意：它將兩輛車之間的旅行時(shí)間從3小時(shí)縮短到47分鐘。根據(jù)句意則指，空格處填介詞，指“兩個(gè)城市之間”；between意為“兩者之間”，故填between。13．考查過去分詞。句意：這條美麗的高速鐵路是中國復(fù)興系列的一部分，在沒有司機(jī)的情況下時(shí)速可達(dá)350公里，據(jù)說是世界上第一條智能高鐵。分析句子可知，say和句子主語Thisbeauty,partofChina'sFuxingseries之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語。故填said。14．考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：車廂配備了5G信號(hào)、智能照明和傳感器，以收集實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)，并檢測任何運(yùn)行異常。根據(jù)固定搭配beequippedwith意為“配備著”，可知用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，描述現(xiàn)狀，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞。故填areequipped。15．考查形容詞性物主代詞。句意：同時(shí)，每個(gè)座位都有自己的觸摸屏控制面板和無線充電座。放在名詞前面，所以用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。16．考查冠詞。句意：雖然這條線路上的高速列車是自動(dòng)駕駛的，但司機(jī)會(huì)一直在車上監(jiān)控。分析句子可知，主句中dirver是可數(shù)名詞且為單數(shù)形式，空格處需填冠詞，此處是泛指，故填a。17．考查副詞。句意：列車可自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)、停車和調(diào)整，以適應(yīng)車站之間不同的速度限制。修飾動(dòng)詞，所以用副詞。空后是動(dòng)詞start，故填automatically。18．考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：列車可自動(dòng)啟動(dòng)、停車和調(diào)整，以適應(yīng)車站之間不同的速度限制。作介詞的賓語，所以用名詞；空格處前有different修飾，需用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填limits。19．考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：如今，中國擁有世界上最大的高速鐵路網(wǎng)絡(luò)和最快的商業(yè)運(yùn)營列車——上海磁懸浮列車。和前面的largest一樣，表示“最快的”，所以用形容詞最高級(jí)作定語。故填fastest。20．考查非限制性定語從句。句意：據(jù)中國國家鐵路集團(tuán)稱，自2017年復(fù)興號(hào)動(dòng)車組首次推出以來，已有1036列復(fù)興號(hào)動(dòng)車組投入運(yùn)行。分析可知，空白處及之后內(nèi)容為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為時(shí)間名詞2017，在非限制性定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語。故填when。3Therearemomentsinlife21youmisssomepeoplesomuchthatyoujustwanttopickthemfromyourdreamsandhugthemforreal!Whenonedoorofhappinesscloses,22opens,butoftenwelooksolongatthecloseddoorthatwedon'tseetheonewhich23(open)forus.Don'tgoforlooks;theycandeceive(欺騙).Don'tgoforwealth;eventhatfadesaway.Goforsomeone24makesyousmilebecauseittakesonlyasmiletomakeadarkdayseembright.Dreamwhatyouwant25(dream);gowhereyouwanttogo;bewhatyouwanttobe.The26(happy)peopledon't27(necessary)havethebestofeverything;theyjustmakethemostofeverythingthat28(come)alongtheirway.Thebrightestfuturewillalwaysbebasedona29(forget)past.Whenyouwereborn,youwerecryingandeveryone30youwassmiling.Liveyourlifesothatwhenyoudie,you'retheonewhoissmilingandeveryonearoundyouiscrying.【答案】21．when22．a(chǎn)nother23．hasbeenopened24．who25．todream26．happiest27．necessarily28．comes29．forgotten30．a(chǎn)round【分析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者在生活中的一些體會(huì)：快樂的人不一定擁有最好的東西，他們只是珍惜人生中的一切，善于抓住生活中美好的一面，時(shí)刻對未來充滿期許。21．考查定語從句。句意：生命中很多時(shí)候你會(huì)特別想念一些人以至于你想把他們從夢中拉出來，緊緊地?fù)肀麄?。在先行詞為時(shí)間名詞moments，從句中缺少時(shí)間狀語，故填when。22．考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)一扇幸福之門關(guān)閉時(shí)，另一扇就會(huì)打開，但我們常常盯著那扇關(guān)閉的門太久，而看不到另一扇為我們打開的門。another意為“另一，又一”，符合語境，故填another。23．考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)一扇幸福之門關(guān)閉時(shí)，另一扇就會(huì)打開，但我們常常盯著那扇關(guān)閉的門太久，而看不到另一扇為我們打開的門。根據(jù)語境，從句中的謂語應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填hasbeenopened。24．考查定語從句的先行詞。