選擇性必修第二冊(cè)Unit3

Fitforlife核心詞匯①relate...to把……和……聯(lián)系在一起relatesth.tosb.向某人敘述/講述某事relateto了解；體恤②relatedadj.相關(guān)的；有親屬關(guān)系的berelatedto和……有關(guān)的；和……有聯(lián)系的③relationn.關(guān)系，聯(lián)系inrelationto關(guān)于；與……相比④relativen.親戚，親屬1relate/r?'le?t/vi.&vt.聯(lián)系，使有聯(lián)系；敘述，講述[先講解]【寫作金句】①[北師選必二U5P30]She'dhadeyesightproblemsearlyinlifeaswellsoshecouldrelatetoHelen'sdifficulties.她早年也有視力問題，所以她能理解海倫的困難。(人物介紹)②WordcamethatourschoolisgoingtoholdaclassmeetingwhosetopicisrelatedtotraditionalChinesecustoms.有消息說，我們學(xué)校將舉行一次與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗有關(guān)的班會(huì)。(告知信)【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】表示“與……有關(guān)”的短語(yǔ)還有beconnectedwith、beconcernedwith、havesomethingtodowith等。①restoreconfidence/faithin恢復(fù)對(duì)……的信心restore...to使……恢復(fù)到……；把……歸還給……②restorationn.修復(fù)；恢復(fù)；歸還2restore/r?'st??(r)/vt.恢復(fù)；修復(fù)；使復(fù)原，使復(fù)位【寫作金句】ItwasbuiltoriginallytoprotectthecityintheTangDynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.它最初是在唐代修建的，用來保護(hù)這座城市，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完全修復(fù)了。(中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化)①fundamentalprinciples基本原則befundamentalto對(duì)……來說是基本的②thefundamentalsof……的基本原理/根本法則③fundamentallyadv.根本上；基本上；完全地3fundamental/?f?nd?'mentl/adj.十分重大的，根本的；基礎(chǔ)的，基本的n.基本規(guī)律，根本法則，基礎(chǔ)【寫作金句】[譯林選必二U3P31]Genomeediting,servingasanewweaponinthefightagainstdiseases,willleadtoafundamentalchangeinourapproachtohealthcare.基因組編輯作為抗擊疾病的新武器，將導(dǎo)致我們醫(yī)療保健方法產(chǎn)生根本性變化。(報(bào)道)①restrictoneself/sb.to(doing)sth.約束自己/某人(做)某事restrict...to把……限制在……berestrictedto限于……②restrictionn.限制，約束speedrestrictions速度限制③restrictiveadj.限制性的；約束的restrictivelaws/measures限制性法規(guī)/措施④restrictedadj.有限的，很小的；受限制的arestrictedspace有限的空間4restrict/r?'str?kt/vt.限制，限定；束縛，妨礙；約束，管束【寫作金句】[人教選必三U3P27]Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.我們作為個(gè)人也可以通過限制我們的生活方式產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳量來減少我們的“碳足跡”。(倡議書)①prohibit(doing)sth.禁止(做)某事prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事②prohibitionn.禁止；禁令5prohibit/pr?'h?b?t/vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能【寫作金句】It'snecessarytoprohibitpeoplefromsmokinginpublicplaces.禁止人們?cè)诠矆?chǎng)所吸煙是有必要的。(倡議書)①resistanceto對(duì)……的抵制/抵抗②resistvi.&vt.抵制；反抗；抵擋resist(doing)sth.抵制(做)某事can'tresistdoingsth.忍不住做某事③resistantadj.有抵抗力的；抵制的beresistanttosth.對(duì)……有抵抗力；抵制某事6resistance/r?'z?st?ns/n.抵抗力；抵制，反對(duì)；抵抗，反抗【寫作金句】[北師選必一U1P21]Teenagerswanttobeliked,tofitinandtobeaccepted,whichmeanspeerpressurecanbepowerfulandhardtoresist.青少年希望被喜歡、融入和被接受，這意味著同伴壓力可能很強(qiáng)大，難以抗拒。(安慰信)①have/holdadebateon/aboutsth.進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)關(guān)于某事的辯論/討論beyond/withoutdebate無可爭(zhēng)辯aheateddebate一場(chǎng)激烈的辯論underdebate在討論中②debatern.辯論者7debate/d?'be?t/vt.&vi.討論，辯論；仔細(xì)考慮，思考n.討論，爭(zhēng)論；辯論【寫作金句】[人教選必二U3P32]Thereismuchdebatenowadaysastowhatmakesupahealthydiet.如今，關(guān)于健康飲食的構(gòu)成有很多爭(zhēng)論。(報(bào)道)①Thereisnodoubtthat...毫無疑問……Thereissomedoubtwhether...懷疑……②doubt＋that從句(用于否定句、疑問句)doubt＋if/whether從句(用于肯定句)8withoutdoubt毫無疑問，的確【寫作金句】①[譯林選必二U3P31]Withoutdoubt,genomeeditingisoneofthegreatestinventionsinthehistoryofscience.毫無疑問，基因組編輯是科學(xué)史上最偉大的發(fā)明之一。(投稿)②ThereisnodoubtthatintheInternetera,onemustgetagoodcommandofcomputerskillstobesuccessfulingettingagoodjob.毫無疑問，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代，人們必須掌握良好的計(jì)算機(jī)技能才能獲得一份好的工作。【特別提醒】doubt作名詞用于肯定句，后接whether引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不能用if替換whether。①begratefultosb.forsth.因某事向某人表示感謝begratefultodosth.感激……begratefulthat從句

感激……Iwouldbegratefulif＋從句

如果……我將不勝感激。②gratefullyadv.感激地，表示感謝地③gratituden.感激之情，感謝withgratitude懷著感激之情ingratitudefor為了感謝……9grateful/'ɡre?tfl/adj.感激的，表示感謝的【寫作金句】Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldsendthecompletedformbackassoonaspossible.如果你能盡快將填好的表格寄回，我將不勝感激。(求助信)①disabledpeople＝thedisabled殘疾人beborndisabled天生殘疾physically/mentallydisabled有生理殘疾/心理缺陷的②disablevt.使喪失能力，使傷殘；使不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)③disabilityn.缺陷，障礙10disabled/d?s'e?bld/adj.有殘疾的，喪失能力的【寫作金句】Althoughhewasborndisabled,heisamanwithasenseofresponsibility,oneworthyofouradmiration.盡管他天生殘疾，但他是一個(gè)有責(zé)任感的人，一個(gè)值得我們欽佩的人。(人物描寫)①Itdisturbssb.todosth.做某事使某人不安。②disturbedadj.心神不安的；心煩意亂的③disturbingadj.令人不安的，引起煩惱的④disturbancen.打擾；動(dòng)亂，騷亂11disturb/d?'st??b/vt.使不安；打擾；攪亂【寫作金句】Thestormragedoutside,disturbingtheircalmeveningwithloudthunderandflashinglightning.暴風(fēng)雨在外肆虐，驚擾了他們平靜的夜晚，伴隨著電閃雷鳴。(場(chǎng)景描寫)inlength在長(zhǎng)度方面atlength最后；詳細(xì)地atarm'slength保持距離12gotogreatlengthstodosth.竭盡全力做某事，不遺余力做某事【寫作金句】Weshouldgotogreatlengthstosolvetheproblemofenvironmentalpollutionwithvariouseffectivemeans.我們應(yīng)該不遺余力地用各種有效手段來解決環(huán)境污染問題。(倡議書)①adjust...to根據(jù)……調(diào)整……adjust(oneself)to適應(yīng)adjusttodoingsth.適應(yīng)做某事②adjustmentn.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)makeanadjustmentto對(duì)……作出調(diào)整③adjustableadj.可調(diào)整的，可調(diào)節(jié)的13adjust/?'d??st/vt.&vi.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；適應(yīng)，習(xí)慣；整理【寫作金句】Weneedtoadjustourselvestoanewenvironmentandgetontherighttrackassoonaspossible.我們需要適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境，盡快走上正軌。(演講稿)①scientificevidence科學(xué)根據(jù)Thereisevidencethat從句

有證據(jù)表明……②evidentadj.清楚的；顯而易見的beevidenttosb.對(duì)某人來說很明顯Itisevidentthat從句

很明顯……③evidentlyadv.明顯地，顯然地14evidence/'ev?d?ns/n.證據(jù)，證明；物證，人證vt.證明，表明【寫作金句】

[人教選必二U3P32]However,thereisincreasingevidencethattherealdriverofpoorhealthisnotsomuchfattyfood,asitissugar.然而，越來越多的證據(jù)表明，健康狀況不佳的真正原因與其說是高脂肪食物，不如說是糖。(宣傳稿)①datefrom追溯到；始于②set/fixadatefor確定……的日期uptodate最新的；最近的outofdate過時(shí)的，陳腐的；失效的todate迄今為止；到目前為止；直到現(xiàn)在(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))15datebackto追溯到，始于，自……至今【寫作金句】①[外研必修二U4P50]Datingbacktothe18thcentury,PekingOperahasovertwohundredyearsofhistory.京劇的歷史可以追溯到18世紀(jì)，已有200多年的歷史。(中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化)②Therearemanyfamousculturalrelicsinourcountry,manydatingbacktothousandsofyearsago.我國(guó)有許多著名的文物，其中許多可以追溯到數(shù)千年前。(中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化)【易錯(cuò)提醒】datebackto和datefrom都沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也無被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。TheoriginsofgunpowderinChinaalsodatefromthe9thcenturyAD.火藥在中國(guó)也是起源于9世紀(jì)。①switchon＝turnon打開(電燈、電視等)switchoff＝turnoff關(guān)上(電燈、電視等)switch(fromA)toB(由A)轉(zhuǎn)變成Bswitch...with與……交換②makeaswitch進(jìn)行改變16switch/sw?t?/vi.&vt.轉(zhuǎn)變；交換；調(diào)班n.開關(guān)，閘；轉(zhuǎn)變，改變【寫作金句】Accordingtotheairtrafficrules,youshallswitchoffyourmobilephonebeforetheplanetakesoff.根據(jù)空中交通規(guī)則，飛機(jī)起飛前你應(yīng)該關(guān)閉手機(jī)。(告知信)①beexposedtoinfection暴露于易受感染的環(huán)境②infectvt.傳染；使感染beinfectedwith被感染上……③infectiousadj.傳染性的④infectedadj.帶菌的，感染病菌的17infection/?n'fek?n/n.傳染，感染【寫作金句】Itishighlyrecommendedthatthepublickeepone-metresocialdistancetoavoidtheriskofgettinginfected.強(qiáng)烈建議公眾保持一米社交距離，以避免感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。(倡議書)核心詞匯①[譯林選必四U4P56]Tosucceedinone'seducation,itiswisetoexploretopics__________________(relate)tolearning.②Determiningwherewearein__________(relate)tooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.③[寫作遷移]在我看來，因?yàn)榇鷾希S多成年人無法理解他們的孩子。Frommypointofview,manyadultscan't__________________________________________________.④[寫作遷移]他突然意識(shí)到所有的問題都與他的性格有關(guān)。Itsuddenlyhithimthatalltheproblems_________________________________.[后練習(xí)]考點(diǎn)1relate的相關(guān)用法related/relatingrelationrelatetochildrenbecauseofthegenerationgapwererelatedtohispersonality①[外研選必三U2P27]Withobjectsrangingfromsmallpocketwatchestoclocksoveronemetreinheight,eachoftheserequiresitsownuniquemethodof_____________(restore).②Butthelocalauthoritiessayitisnotclearhowquicklyserviceswillberestored____normal.③[寫作遷移]這些舉措旨在恢復(fù)公眾對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的信心。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________考點(diǎn)2restore的相關(guān)用法restorationtoThesemeasuresareintendedtorestorepublicconfidenceintheeconomy.

①Solidarityandhonestyarefundamental____careersuccess.②[2020江蘇卷]Successdepends_______________(fundamental)onourviewofourselvesandoftheeventsinourlives.③[寫作遷移]好的方法加上聰明的頭腦是做好任何事情的基礎(chǔ)。Agoodmethodtogetherwithaclevermind_________________________________.考點(diǎn)3fundamental的相關(guān)用法tofundamentallyisfundamentaltodoinganythingwell①[譯林選必四U2P26]Infact,therehaveneverbeenanyformalacademic_________(restrict)onnewborrowedwords.②Hemanagedtotwisthimselfroundinthe____________(restrict)space.③Britainistoadoptamore_____________(restrict)policyonarmssales.④Thespeedisrestricted____30kilometresanhourinthisarea.考點(diǎn)4restrict的相關(guān)用法restrictionsrestrictedrestrictiveto①[譯林選必二U3P31]Shouldweprohibitgeneticists_______usingittoenhancehealthybodies?②Theenvironmentalgroupisdemandingacomplete___________(prohibit)againstthehuntingofwhales.考點(diǎn)5prohibit的相關(guān)用法fromprohibition①[外研選必二U2P20]Intheend,Iturnedonmyphonetocheck,butcouldn'tresist________(have)aquicklookatmysocialmediaaccounts.②Iprefertheplantsthatare___________(resist)tobadclimate.③[寫作遷移]人體對(duì)某些疾病有天然的抵抗力。Thehumanbody______________________________________________.考點(diǎn)6resistance的相關(guān)用法havingresistanthasanaturalresistancetocertaindiseases①[人教選必四U5P52]Therewasahugedebate__________whetherthereportershouldbeaccusedofspyingonthestarcouple.②Atcollegehegainedareputationforbeingabrilliant_________(debate)．③[寫作遷移]污染是否與該疾病有直接聯(lián)系還在討論中。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________考點(diǎn)7debate的相關(guān)用法on/aboutdebaterWhetherpollutionisdirectlylinkedtothediseaseisunderdebate.

①Thereisnodoubt______thismeetinghasbeenoneofthemostsuccessfulwehavehadsofar.②Thereisstillsomedoubt_________theautumnsportsmeetingwillbeheldinourschool.③[寫作遷移]毫無疑問，健康比財(cái)富更重要。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________考點(diǎn)8withoutdoubt的相關(guān)用法thatwhetherWithoutdoubt,healthismoreimportantthanwealth./Thereisnodoubtthathealthismoreimportantthanwealth.

①Iamextremelygrateful____allmyteachers_____theirhelp.②Shewaspresentedwiththegiftin___________(grateful)forherlongservice.③We________(grateful)acknowledgethecontributionsofeveryonewhohelpedus.④[寫作遷移]如果你能給我一些建議，我將不勝感激。(求助信)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________考點(diǎn)9grateful的相關(guān)用法toforgratitudegratefullyIwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadvice.

①[北師選必三U7P9]Therewasalsoanobviouschangeinthe__________(disable)students'attitudes.②ThefilmFront

of

the

Classtellsthetruestoryofamanwith____________(disable)whofightstorealizehisdreamofbecomingateacher.考點(diǎn)10disabled的相關(guān)用法disableddisability①[人教選必四U1P2]Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman,anditwas____________(disturb)．②Mygrandmotheris___________(disturb)bythelossofhearing.③Thebuildingworkiscreatingconstantnoise,dustand_____________(disturb)．考點(diǎn)11disturb的相關(guān)用法disturbingdisturbeddisturbance①[譯林選必二U3P37]No.9HighSchoolisoneofthosethathave__________________________protectstudents'eyes,comingupwithmanyeffectivesolutions.②Marykeepsallmen_________________toavoidgettinghurt.③TheHongKong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridgeis55kilometres___________,whichisthelongestsea-crossingbridgeintheworld.④Hewasaskedtotellthepolicemantheaccident___________.考點(diǎn)12gotogreatlengthstodosth.及其拓展短語(yǔ)的相關(guān)用法gonetogreatatarm'slengthinlengthatlengthlengthsto①YououghttolearnsomebasicChinesebeforeyoucome,whichmaymakeiteasyforyoutoadjust______________________(you)tothelifeinBeijing.②Therewasnolightintheroomandittookmeafewsecondstoadjust____thedarkness.③[譯林選必四U2P17改]Youcanmake_____________(adjust)toyourowntoneandchoiceofwordsaccordingly.④[外研必修二U3P39改]Italsohasavoicecontrolsettingthatenablesyoutostayhands-free,whileitswaterproofbandisfully____________(adjust).考點(diǎn)13adjust的相關(guān)用法yourself/yourselvestoadjustmentsadjustable①[譯林選必二U3P39]Thereisevidence______acupuncturedatesbacktotheStoneAge,whenstonetoolscalledbianwereusedtopressareasofthebody.②Itis_________thattheyhavefoundno__________directlyconnectinghimwiththevictims.Quite___________,noonecanputhimintoprisoninsuchacase.(evidence)③[寫作遷移]強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)表明語(yǔ)言是只屬于人類的天賦。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________考點(diǎn)14evidence的相關(guān)用法thatevidentevidenceevidentlyThereisstrongevidencethatlanguageisagiftwhichbelongstohumansonly.

①Thebrooch(胸針)_______(date)backtothefourthcenturyBC.②Myfamilyhassomepapermoney________(date)backtotheQingDynasty.考點(diǎn)15datebackto的相關(guān)用法datesdating①[人教選必一U2P14]Today,wehavetouse__________(switch)forourlights,knobsforourappliances,andremotecontrolsforourTVsandairconditioners.②[人教選必一U5P55]Asanalternative,somefarmershaveswitched____organicfarming,andmanycustomershaveturnedtoorganicfoodwhentheyshopatthelocalgrocery.③Don'tforgettoswitch_____thelightwhenyouleavetheoffice.考點(diǎn)16switch的相關(guān)用法switchestooff①[人教選必二U1P2]Theotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyan___________(infect)fromgermsinfoodorwater.②Inheavily__________(infect)areas,halfthepopulationbecomeblind.③[北師選必三U9P59]Theviruswasextremely____________(infect)andthesurvivalratewasaslowas30%insomeareas,indicatingthatveryfewpeoplegotoverit.考點(diǎn)17infection的相關(guān)用法infectioninfectedinfectious一詞多義【對(duì)點(diǎn)微練】賞句猜義①[外研選必四U1P8]Ineedtoreadthecontractproperlybeforemakingadecision.___②[譯林選必二U3P30]Italsocontainsinformationthathelpsdetermineourlifespanandaffectsourchancesofcontractingcertaindiseases.___③TheplayeriscontractedtoplayuntilAugust.___④Theexerciseconsistsofstretchingandcontractingthelegmuscles.___1contract/k?n'tr?kt/A.vt.感染(疾病)

B.vt.與……訂立合同(或契約)

C.vt.使收縮/'k?ntr?kt/D.n.合同，合約DABC【對(duì)點(diǎn)微練】賞句猜義①Asthetechnologycontinuestodevelopatafastpace,questionsariseabouthowtouseitappropriately.___②He'donlygoneafewpacesbeforehestoppedagain.___③Shepacedupanddownoutsidetheroom.___④ItwasatoughraceandIhadtopacemyself.___⑤[人教選必四U1P8]Asmypacegrewfaster,thewallsofthelaboratoryfellaway,andIwasleftintheopenair.___2pace/pe?s/A.n.發(fā)生的速度，節(jié)奏B.n.步速C.n.(走或跑時(shí))邁出的一步，一步的距離D.vi.來回踱步，走來走去E.vt.調(diào)整節(jié)奏ACDEB【對(duì)點(diǎn)微練】賞句猜義①Seeingtheteacherenteringtheclassroom,studentsarosefromtheirseatsimmediately.___②[北師選必二U6P68]Theproblemariseswhenthereadersvisualizeitsworldsoclearly.___③Theyaroseatsunrisetogetanearlystarttothepark.___④Emotionalormentalproblemscanarisefromaphysicalcause.___3arise/?'ra?z/(arose,arisen)A.vi.發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)B.vi.起床C.vi.起立D.vi.(由……)引起，(因……)產(chǎn)生CABD【對(duì)點(diǎn)微練】賞句猜義①Ifyouwithdrawintoyourself,itisnotgoodforyourgrowth.___②Thepaperhadwithdrawnitsremarksbeforetheywereaccused.___③Thedrugwaswithdrawnfromsaleafteranumberofpeoplesufferedserioussideeffects.___④Theywererefusedtowithdrawthemoneytheydepositedseveraldaysago.___⑤[人教選必四U3P28]Thetennisplayerwithdrewfromseveraltournamentsduetoinjury.___4withdraw/w?e'dr??/A.vi.脫離(社會(huì))，不與人交往B.vt.(使)撤回C.vt.提，取(款)

D.vi.&vt.(使)退出E.vt.停止提供ABECD【對(duì)點(diǎn)微練】賞句猜義①[譯林選必二U3P37]Arecentnationalsurveyhasrevealedthatroughlythreeoutoffourhighschoolstudentswearglasses,fuellingconcernsabouteyesightproblemsamongChina'syouth.___②Uraniumisusedtofuelnuclearplants.___③Hisremarkssimplyaddfueltothefireofherrage.___④[北師必修三U8P44]Themaincauseofairpollutionistheburningoffossilfuelsbyvehiclesandpowerplants.___5fuel/'fju??l/A.vt.增加，刺激B.vt.給……提供燃料C.n.燃料D.n.刺激性言行ABDC重難句式【課本原句】Overthecourseofmycareer,Ihaveseenmanywonderfulscientificdev