2025-2026學(xué)年廣東省高三上學(xué)期模擬預(yù)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題本試卷共8頁(yè)，滿分120分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡寫(xiě)上考生姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)等相關(guān)信息。2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi);如需改動(dòng)的，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫(xiě)上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳答案。AIfyou’reconcernedaboutthecostofgasandtheenvironmentalimpactofgas-poweredcars,anddon’twanttoworryaboutthechargingchallengesassociatedwiththepureelectricvehicle(EV),it’stimetotakeacloserlookatahybrid(混合的)electricvehicle(HEV).Whilesalespeoplemightsimplyadviseyouto“plugindailyandusegasforlongertrips,”understandingtheunderlyingmechanicsiskeytodeterminingifanHEVtrulyfitsyourneeds.Essentially,anHEVoffersyouthebestofgascarsandEVs.AnHEVhastwosourcesofpower:aninternalcombustion(燃燒)engine(ICE)andatleastoneelectricmotor.TherearetwomaintypesofHEV:parallel(并聯(lián)式)hybridandserieshybrid.Theparallelhybrid(PHEV)aimstokeepthecoredesignsoftheconventionalgas-poweredvehicleswhileloweringtheoperationcostsandimprovingtheenvironmentalperformance.Reducedtoitsbasics,itssystemusesICEandelectricmotorstopowerthewheels—eithertogetherorindependently.Thisstructureperformsreliablyonlong-distancejourneysandcomplexroadconditions,wherethecombustionengineoperatesefficiently.Inthecaseofserieshybrid(SHEV),thevehiclerunsonlyonelectricity,whichisfromthebattery.Whenthebatteryisexhausted,theICEswitcheson—nottodrivethewheelsdirectly,buttopowerthegeneratorandchargethebattery.Thissetupofferssmootherandquieterdrivingoperationwhichissimilartopureelectricvehicles.It’sgenerallymoreeco-friendly,andfurtherreducesthecostofuse.Intoday’smarket,conventionalgascarsaregoingsignificantlycheaper,whilestylishpureelectricvehicleshavebecomesymbolsofmodernstatus.TheHEV,strikingapracticalbalancebetweenthesetwoextremes,certainlydeservesacloserlook.PropertiesParallelHybridSerieshybridUrbanEfficiencyLowerHigherHighwayEfficiencyHigherLowerFuelConsumptionHigherLowerPowerPerformanceHigherLowerSalesPriceLowerHigher1.WhatisanadvantageofHEVscomparedwithothertypesofvehicles?A.They’resimplerindesign. B.They’recheapertopurchase.C.They’remoreeco-friendly. D.They’remorepracticaltouse.2.WhatdoestheICEinaserieshybridcardirectlyworkon?A.Replacingthegenerator. B.Drivingthewheels.C.Startingtheelectricmotor. D.Chargingthebattery.3.InwhichaspectarePHEVsgenerallybetterthanSHEVs?A.Mountainroaddriving. B.In-citytransportation.C.Wastegasesproduction. D.Vehiclerunningcosts.BThesunhangsheavyovercentralIraqinthelateafternoon,paintingtheruinsofBabyloninheatandlight.Dustrisesfromthegroundinsoftclouds,creatingascenethatseemsolderthantimeitself.Inthismomentthecityfeelsbothemptyandtimeless,itssilencebrokenonlybythevisitorswhohavecometostandinthefootprintsofkings.Once,BabylonwasthejewelofMesopotamia,thecitythatgaveitsnametoentireeras—theOld,Middle,andNewBabylonianperiods.Itwasherewheregrandtemplesandpalaceswerebuilt,andwherepoetsandhistoriansimaginedoneoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld:theHangingGardens.AncientGreekandRomanwritersdescribedthemasagreenparadise(天堂),wateredbyartfulpumpsthatliftedwaterfromtheEuphratesRiver.Accordingtotales,Nebuchadnezzar,thenKingofBabylon,hadthembuiltforhisqueenwholongedfortheforestedmountainsofherhomeland.ForsomeIraqiarchaeologists(考古學(xué)家),thegardensaremorethanfairytales.SomebelievethegardenswerelocatednearthecityofHillah,aboutatwo-hourdrivesouthofthecapitalBaghdad,whileotherspointtoNineveh,hundredsofmilestothenorth.Fortravelers,however,thedebatehardlymatters.Standingamongtheruins,ittakesagoodimaginationtothinkofthegardensthatleftnomarkstofollow.Inrecenttimes,conservationworkhasbeencarriedouttorestorepartsofBabylon.Withthemanychallengesthesitefaces,itisoftenindividualsratherthaninstitutionsthatkeepBabylon’sstoriesalive.Wemeta22-year-oldtourguideHashem,whowasenthusiasticaboutintroducingIraqihistorytoforeigners.HegraduatedfromtheUniversityofBabylonwithadegreeinbiomedicalengineering,andafterthatheturnedtotourism,wherehisknowledgeandcommandofEnglishcameinhandy.Beyonditsbrokenwalls,Babyloncontinuestocastitsspell.Visitorscomeandexpressadmiration,wonderinghowtheHangingGardensoncerosefromthedesertplain.Theruinsmaybegonesomeday,butthetaleswillliveon.4.WhydoesthewriterdescribetheruinsofBabyloninparagraph1?A.Toexplainthereasonsforitsdestruction.B.Tohighlightitsheavyboringatmosphere.C.Tocreateacontrastwithitssplendidpast.D.Toexpressadmirationforitsgreathistory.5.WhatdoarchaeologistsdisagreeaboutregardingtheHangingGardens?A.Itslocation. B.Itsorigin. C.Itsdesigner. D.Itsinfluence.6.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingHashem’sstory?ATherestorationworkprovidesjobopportunities.B.Ordinarypeoplecontributetopreservinghistory.C.Tourismissuccessfulinareaswitharichculture.D.Thecountryisinneedofenergeticyoungpeople.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“castitsspell”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Remaininruins. B.Disappearovertime.C.Holdgreatcharm. D.Makepeoplepuzzled.CSo,you’vefinishedthatdullbook.Yousatthroughthemovieyoupaidfor,superbored.Stoodinalongqueueforthatmilktea.Paidmuchfortheluxuryhandbag—expensivenonsense.Whatdothesehaveincommon?They’reallexamplesofwhateconomistscall“sunkcosts(沉沒(méi)成本)”:thepriceyou’vealreadypaid—intime,money,effort,suffering,foranitemoranexperience—holdsyoutothem.It’saphenomenonweallrecognize.Itaffectsourbehaviorinwaysthatcanbeunreasonable.Butwedoit.Toavoidthesituationeconomiststellustomakedecisionsbasedmainlyonfuturevalue,notpastinvestment.Iftheongoingcostoutweighstheexpectedbenefit,oneshouldcuttheirlossesandwalkaway.Ithurts,yes,butthiscold,clearlogicprotectsusfromgoingbroke.Yet,lifeisrarelysoneatlycalculated.Thispurelyeconomicviewraisesdifficultquestions:Doesthevalueofanexperiencelieonlyinitsoutcome,oralsointheprocess?Ajoyfuljourneywithanordinarygoalandapainfuloneaimedatasplendidachievement,whichoneismoreworthwhile?Whenitcomestoeducation,thesunkcoststheorydoesn’tseemapplicable.Parentsandteacherspourimmeasurableamountofinvestment—love,time,hope,money—intothegrowthofachild.Willthechildturnoutthewaytheyexpect?Noguarantee.Ifweviewthisthroughastrictcost-benefitangle,muchofeducationcanbewrittenoffasa“sunkcost.”Educationisobviouslydifferentfromthecommercialworld.Achild’sgrowthcannotbeplannedlikeabusinessstrategy;itunfoldslikeauniqueandunpredictablestory.Wecan’tdreamhisdreamsorlivehislife;wecanonlybuildthestage,andlighthispath.Ineducationwehavetoholdontothisfaith:everythingwedoforachildisworthwhile.Everyactofloveislikeofferinglightandwatertoaseed;whilewecan’tseeitsrootsgrowunderground,weknowit.Thatchildwillblossom(開(kāi)花)someday.Notallthathascostissunk.8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheexamplesinparagraph1?A.Boringbutbeneficial. B.Interestingbutworthless.CJoyfulandworthwhile. D.Senselessandregrettable.9.Whatdoeconomistsadviseustodotoavoidsunkcosts?A.Focusontheoutcome. B.Ignorethefuturelosses.C.Calculatethepastcost. D.Pursuethehiddengains.10.Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardstheinvestmentineducation?A.Indifferent. B.Favorable. C.Balanced. D.Critical.11.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A.Topromoteaprinciple. B.Tocorrectamisbehavior.C.Tochallengeaconcept. D.Topresentaphenomenon.DThreescientistsmadegroundbreakingdiscoveriesontheworkingmechanismoftheimmunesystem(免疫系統(tǒng)).Theyidentified“regulatoryTcells,”whichfunctionastheimmunesystem’ssecurityguards,preventingimmunecellsfromattackingthebody’sowntissuesandcausingsevereautoimmunediseases.Theimmunesystem’sprimaryroleistodistinguishforeignmicrobes(細(xì)菌)fromthebody’sowncellsandthenattackthem.However,microbescandevelopsimilaritiestohumancells.Ifthispretencesucceeds,itcanleadtoaformofbiological“friendlyfire,”wheretheimmunesystemmistakenlyattacksthebody’sowncells.ItwaslongbelievedthattheimmunesystemwasmainlyprotectedbyTcellsthatcanrecognizeandkillmicrobes.However,somepuzzlingautoimmunereactionspointedtotheexistenceofanother,morecomplexregulator.ImmunologistShimonisamongthescientistswhoconductedfurtherresearch.In1995,hediscoveredinmicethatthereisaparticulargroupofimmunecells,whichhenamed“regulatoryTcells,”workingasthebody’ssecurityguardsthatstopimmunecellsfromattackingself-tissues.Meanwhileintheearly2000s,bio-technologistsBrunkowandRamsdellinvestigatedwhyaspecifictypeofmousewasparticularlysensitivetoautoimmunediseases.Theirexperimentstookmanyyears.Whilemappingamouse’sgenome(基因組)todaytakesonlydays,backthenitwaslikelookingforaneedleinahugepileofstraw.TheyfinallyfoundthesourceoftroublewasavariationofthegenenamedFoxp3,andfurtherdiscoveredthatasimilarerrorinahuman’sgenecausesIPEXsyndrome,aseriousautoimmunedisease.Afterwards,Shimonlinkedtheirresearchtohisown,provingthatFoxp3aidsinthecreationandtheoperationofregulatoryTcells,ensuringthattheimmunesystemisstrongenoughtofightoffmicrobesandatthesametimecontrolledenoughnottoinjurethebody.Theirfoundationaldiscoverieshavepavedthewayforpotentialnewtreatmentsforautoimmuneconditions,aswellasmoreeffectivecancertreatmentsandreducedcomplicationsafterorgantransplants.12.Whatistheresultof“friendlyfire”?AKillingofforeignmicrobes. B.Wrongattackonhumancells.C.Immunecells’development. D.Microbes’successfuldisguise.13.WhydidShimonconductthemiceresearch?A.Towinanaward. B.Tosolveapuzzle.C.Totreatadisease. D.Todefendabelief.14.What’sthepurposeofmentioning“aneedleinahugepileofstraw”inparagraph4?A.Tointroducethelonghistoryofmedicalscience.B.Toemphasizetheimportantroleofthelabmice.C.Tostressthedifficultyofdoingtheexperiments.D.Toshowtherarenessofanautoimmunedisease.15.Whatistherootreasonofautoimmunediseasesaccordingtothediscoveries?A.AnerrorhappenstotheFoxp3gene.B.RegulatoryTcellsaredistinguished.C.Theimmunesystemisunderattack.D.Microbesforceintothehumanbody.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Horace,thefamousRomanpoetwholivedfrom65BCto8BC,oncesaid,“Thepoet’saimistocombinethedelightfulandtheuseful.”Apoetwilltakeinsightsintoourworldcoveredinfogandcutthroughthatfogtorevealthetruthbeneathintheirpoetry.____16____Poetryisrichinwisdomandknowledge,yetitisoftenremarkablybriefinform.We’relivinginaworldwhereeverythingbecomessofast-pacedthatit’shardtofocusonanythingforlong.____17____Itallowsustostartandfinishsomethingofvaluewithinlife’ssmallwindowsoftime-whetherwe’rewaitingforthebuswithourchild,orseekingameaningfulthoughttoshareatthedinnertable.Itcanbespokenoverouraudience,orusedtostartadeeperdiscussion.Similartothewayinwhichpoetryrevealshidden,yetfamiliartruths,itcanalsorevealhiddenyetfamiliarbeauty.Whenapoetusesbeautifullanguagetodescribeelementsofbeautywithinourworld,wemayfeelshocked.____18____Onlythenwillwerealizethatwehaveneverfullyappreciatedthethingsaroundus.Webegintolearntheartoftreasuringwhatwehave.____19____Bythoughtfullyengagingwithpoetry,westepintotheperspectivesofothers.Intheprocess,wewillsharpenourawareness,deepenourempathy(同理心),andactivelyexpandouremotionalintelligence.Topassdownthepowerofpoetrytothenextgeneration,it’sbesttodevelopaloveandappreciationforitinourchildrenfromanearlyage.____20____Thispracticeoffersanopportunitytocreateabondingexperienceandlastingmemories.A.Ashortpoemisagiftforus.B.Poemscaninspireusinanumberofways.C.Inthisway,poetryhelpsusunderstandtheworldbetter.D.Poetryfuelsourcuriosityandunlocksfurtherexploration.E.Itinvolvesspendingplentyoftimereadingpoemstogether.F.Poetrygivesvoicetooursharedhumanemotionsandexperiences.G.Suddenlywebecomeawareofthebeautysocloseyetunseenbefore.第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。LastOctober,myfamilytookacampingtriptoLakeHoustonWildernessPark.Itwasanearly____21____afternoon,andthewarmsuncastagolden____22____overthewholepark.Wemadeourwayalongthepath,feelingthegentlewindthroughthetreesandlisteningtothecrackingsoundofdried____23____beneathourfeet.Asdarkfell,theairgrew____24____.We’djustfinishedsettingupourtentwhenitsuddenlybegantorain.Myparentsjumpedupandhurriedto____25____thingswithaplasticcloth,buttome,the____26____rainmeantfun.Weduckedintothetentandwrappedourselvesinwarmblankets.Withraindropsfallingonthetent,we____27____snacks,storiesandlaughterintheheartofnature.Then,outofnowhere,weheardheavy____28____approaching,alarminglyclose.Beforewecouldreact,thetent____29____aroundus,trappingusinamess.We____30____:Wasitawildman?Aforestmonster?Heartracing,we____31____ourselvesoutfromunderthetent,onlytoseesomecattlehurryingaway—theyhad____32____overourtentropesintheway.Aswestoodthere,catchingourbreath,wenoticedthe____33____hadstoppedcompletely.Thenightskyhad____34____intoadeepblue,decoratedwithcountlessstarsandasilverymoon.Aftertakingamomenttosetthetentbackup,welitacampfireandstartedbarbecuinginthebrightmoonlight.Itwastrulya(n)____35____andmemorablenight!21.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter22.A.light B.shadow C.fire D.thread23.A.fruits B.stones C.insects D.leaves24.A.thin B.cool C.calm D.fine25.A.hold B.cover C.repair D.gather26.A.unwelcome B.unrecorded C.unending D.unexpected27.A.ate B.shared C.made D.passed28.A.footsteps B.heartbeats C.thunderstorms D.gunshots29.A.circled B.flew C.collapsed D.shook30.A.hesitated B.cheered C.panicked D.debated31.A.drove B.threw C.pulled D.picked32.A.jumped B.dropped C.rolled D.tripped33.A.rain B.cattle C.laughter D.show34.A.got B.rushed C.sank D.cleared35A.adventurous B.instructive C.romantic D.familiar第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！癝pongecity”isarevolutionaryapproachtourbandesign.Theconcept,first____36____(propose)byChineselandscapearchitectKongjianYu,usesnaturalwatersystemsinurbansites____37____(reduce)thepossibilityofflooding,watershortagesandtheurbanheatislandeffect,anditisnowbeingpractisedallovertheworld.HavinggrownupinruralChina,Yudevelopedanawarenessofthe____38____(season)movementofnaturalwaterwaysandtheroleofvegetationinregulatingtheirflow.WitnessingtheeffectivenessofChineseirrigation(灌溉)networkshelpedhimdevelopthespongecityphilosophy,____39____eventuallybecamepartofChina’surbanismpolicyin2014.He____40____(award)the2023OberlanderPrizeforhisworkaddressingclimate-change-worsenedurbanflooding.The“sponginess,”oracity’sabilitytoabsorbrainwater,is____41____keymeasuretofightclimatechange.Acity’ssponginessisaffectedbythebalancebetweenblue(ponds,lakes),green(grass,trees)____42____grey(buildings,hardsurfaces)infrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施).Spongecitiesworkintunewithnaturetoquicklyabsorbheavyrainfallandlaterreleasetheextrawaterintoriversandwatersystemsslowly,____43____(avoid)theriskofarapidriseinwaterlevels.Therearesomegoodexamplesof“spongycities,”andAucklandinNewZealand____44____(top)thelist.It’smainlyduetothegreenandblueinfrastructurethatcovershalfofitsurbanarea.Others,_____45_____ChongqingandWuhaninChina,havekickedoffspongecitypilotprogramsinresponsetogrowingclimatethreats.第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，近期你去博物館時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)越來(lái)越多低齡兒童參與觀展。請(qǐng)給英國(guó)筆友Chris寫(xiě)一封郵件討論這一現(xiàn)象，內(nèi)容包括：1.你的觀察;2.你的看法。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。I’verecentlybecomeinterestedinmountainclimbing.It’smainlyduetomyfriendTim,anexperiencedhiker.Initially,Isawhikingaspointless—exhaustingmusclesundertheburningsun,carryingheavyloads,withnoeasywayback.Whyendure(忍受)that?Lastmonth,Timconvincedmetojoinhiminclimbingasmallhill.Tomysurprise,theviewfromthetopwasbreathtaking.Iwitnessedanamazingsunsetoverthesea.Thathumblepeakofferedunexpectedjoy,awakeningadesireformore—cloudseas,sunrises,andbird’s-eyeviews.Afterafewmoremountainclimbingattempts,Ideclared,“IwillchallengetheHero’sRoute!”Itwasademanding20-kilometertrail(小徑)acrossseveralhighpeaks,atestof“heroes.”ButTimtriedtocoolmedown.“It’snoteasy,”hewarned.“Itrequirestraining,notjustenthusiasm.”ButIbelieved“Nothingisimpossibleinfrontofawillingheart,”sothefollowingweekendIsetoffalonewithouttellingTim.Idecidedtogivehimabigsurprise.Att