國開《人文英語4》形考試題及答案PartIVocabularyandStructure（每題1分，共20分）1.Thecommitteeinsistedthatthereport______beforeFriday.A.befinishedB.wasfinishedC.hadfinishedD.finishes答案：A解析：insist后接賓語從句用虛擬語氣，謂語動詞用原形或“should+動詞原形”。2.Notuntilthetrainarrived______howmuchluggageshehadbrought.A.sherealizedB.didsherealizeC.shehadrealizedD.hadsherealized答案：B解析：notuntil位于句首，主句需部分倒裝，且動作發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時。3.Thecitygovernmentisgoingto______theoldtheaterratherthantearitdown.A.restoreB.refrainC.resentD.rehearse答案：A解析：restore意為“修復”，符合“保護老劇院”的語境。4.TheprofessorspokesoquicklythatIcould______jotdownthemainpoints.A.speciallyB.approximatelyC.scarcelyD.deliberately答案：C解析：scarcely表示“幾乎不”，體現(xiàn)“跟不上語速”。5.______thedataseveraltimes,theresearchassistantstillfoundinconsistencies.A.HavingcheckedB.TocheckC.BeingcheckedD.Checked答案：A解析：分詞完成式作原因狀語，強調(diào)“先檢查，后發(fā)現(xiàn)”。6.Thenovel’sprotagonistisayoungdoctorwho______toreconcilescientifictruthwithhumanempathy.A.strivesB.hesitatesC.declinesD.retreats答案：A解析：strivetodo表示“努力做某事”，符合“主人公積極作為”的語境。7.I’dratheryou______thenewstohertomorrow;she’salreadyoverwhelmedtoday.A.breakB.brokeC.willbreakD.havebroken答案：B解析：wouldrather后接賓語從句用過去式表示虛擬語氣。8.Themuseum’snewaudioguideprovidesvisitorswith______informationabouteachexhibit.A.excessiveB.comprehensiveC.superficialD.redundant答案：B解析：comprehensive意為“全面的”，符合“詳盡介紹展品”的語境。9.TheboarddeemediturgentthattheCEO______apublicstatementimmediately.A.makesB.makeC.madeD.hasmade答案：B解析：deemiturgentthat后接虛擬語氣，動詞原形。10.HislectureonRenaissanceartwassovividthatit______myinterestiniconography.A.stroveB.sustainedC.sparkedD.severed答案：C解析：spark表示“激發(fā)”，與“interest”搭配自然。11.Thetwoscholarshave______viewsontheethicalimplicationsofAI,buttheyremainclosefriends.A.contradictoryB.duplicateC.subordinateD.negligible答案：A解析：contradictory表示“相互矛盾的”，與“but”構成轉折。12.Thejournalistrefusedto______hersource,evenunderlegalpressure.A.revealB.reviseC.revertD.retaliate答案：A解析：revealone’ssource為固定搭配，意為“透露消息來源”。13.Theplaywright’suseofsilenceis______;itoftenconveysmorethandialogue.A.deliberateB.desperateC.deficientD.dormant答案：A解析：deliberate表示“刻意的”，符合“用沉默傳達意義”的創(chuàng)作意圖。14.Theuniversity’sethicscodeprohibitsfacultymembers______confidentialstudentdata.A.todiscloseB.fromdisclosingC.discloseD.disclosed答案：B解析：prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.為固定結構。15.Thedocumentaryispowerfulbecauseitletsthesurvivors______theirownstories.A.narrateB.narratetoC.narrateaboutD.narratewith答案：A解析：narrate為及物動詞，直接接賓語。16.Thenewcurriculumemphasizes______thinkingratherthanrotememorization.A.criticalB.credibleC.creditableD.credulous答案：A解析：criticalthinking為固定術語，意為“批判性思維”。17.Thehistorianwarnedagainst______thepasttofitpresentideologies.A.distortingB.distractingC.distributingD.distending答案：A解析：distort表示“歪曲”，符合“警告勿篡改歷史”的語境。18.Theorchestra’sperformancewas______byasuddenpoweroutage.A.curtailedB.counseledC.cradledD.craved答案：A解析：curtail表示“中斷”，體現(xiàn)“演出被停電打斷”。19.Thenovelistemploysmultipleperspectivesto______thecomplexityofhumanidentity.A.illuminateB.imitateC.immigrateD.impair答案：A解析：illuminate表示“闡明”，符合“揭示復雜性”的語義。20.Thecommitteeagreedto______thegrantforanotheryear,pendingaprogressreview.A.extendB.expandC.expendD.expose答案：A解析：extendagrant表示“延長資助期限”。PartIICloze（每題1分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個選項中選出最佳選項，使短文語義連貫。Intheearly20thcentury,thetownofGreenhavenwaslittlemorethanaclusteroffarmhouses.Itstransformationintoaculturalhubbeganin1923,whenawealthyphilanthropist,EleanorDane,21thedecayingtextilemillontheriverbank.Insteadofdemolishingit,she22thebrickshellintoamulti-artscomplex,preservingtheoriginalsmokestackasa23toindustrialheritage.Localresidents,initiallyskeptical,soonfoundthemselves24weekendconcerts,avant-gardetheater,andeveningclassesinpaintingandcreativewriting.Dane’sphilosophywassimple:artshouldnotbe25fortheelitebutwovenintothefabricofdailylife.She26asliding-scaleticketpolicysothatnoonewasturnedawayforlackoffunds.By1930,Greenhavenhadbecomeamagnetforpoets,painters,andphilosophers,who27ideasovercoffeeinthemill’ssunlitcourtyard.Thetown’seconomy,oncetetheredtotheboom-and-bustcyclesofagriculture,beganto28onamoresustainablefooting.Artisansopenedstudios,touristsbookedrooms,andfarmerssoldorganicproduceattheweeklymarketnow29byjazztrios.Themost30outcome,however,wasintangible:acollectivesenseofpossibility.Childrenwhogrewuplisteningtochambermusicinwhathadbeenaspinningroomnow31scholarshipstostudyinmetropolitanconservatories.WhentheGreatDepressiontighteneditsgripelsewhere,Greenhaven32itsculturalmomentumbylaunchinga“barterforart”scheme—vegetablesforviolinlessons,firewoodfordramatickets.EleanorDanediedin1941,buthervisionproved33.TodaythemillhousestheNationalMuseumofCivicCreativity,andeveryJunethetownhoststheDaneFestival,whereemergingartists34theirworkbeneaththesamesmokestackthatonce35sootacrossthevalley.Greenhaven’sstoryremindsusthatculturalregenerationcanbeginwithonestubbornbelief:ruinsarenotendpointsbutinvitations.21.A.cameacrossB.lookedafterC.tookoverD.turneddown22.A.convertedB.confrontedC.concealedD.condemned23.A.memorialB.menaceC.miracleD.menagerie24.A.attendingB.avoidingC.boycottingD.blacklisting25.A.reservedB.reversedC.rehearsedD.retrieved26.A.introducedB.intrudedC.invertedD.invested27.A.swappedB.swallowedC.swervedD.swore28.A.vibrateB.ventureC.stabilizeD.stagger29.A.amplifiedB.accompaniedC.anticipatedD.apprehended30.A.tangibleB.trivialC.tremendousD.toxic31.A.competeforB.compensateforC.compromiseonD.complywith32.A.sustainedB.suspectedC.suspendedD.summoned33.A.fatalB.fertileC.futileD.fragile34.A.auctionB.auditionC.exhibitD.extinguish35.A.belchedB.blessedC.blastedD.blunted答案：21-25CAABA26-30AACBC31-35AABCAPartIIIReadingComprehension（每題2分，共20分）PassageAIn1971,arthistorianLindaNochlinpublishedherseminalessay“WhyHaveThereBeenNoGreatWomenArtists?”Thequestionwasrhetorical;heraimwastoexposehowinstitutionalstructures—notinnateability—hadexcludedwomenfromthecanon.Nochlinarguedthatthemythofthesolitarygeniuswasitselfgendered,predicatedonaccesstolife-drawingclasses,guildnetworks,andpatronagesystemsfromwhichwomenwerebarred.Sherejectedthetokenisticelevationof“femaleOldMasters”likeGentileschi,insistingthatrealchangerequireddismantlingthecriteriabywhichgreatnesswasmeasured.Theessaycatalyzedagenerationofscholarstounearthforgottenarchives,reattributemisattributedworks,andrewritesyllabi.Fiftyyearson,museumsscrambletoredressgenderimbalance,yetNochlin’sdeeperpointstillresonates:theissueisnotscarcityoftalentbutasymmetryofpower.36.Nochlin’sessayisbestdescribedas______.A.anostalgiclamentforlostmasterpiecesB.astructuralcritiqueofart-worldgatekeepingC.apsychologicalstudyofcreativeblockageD.amarketanalysisofauction-pricedisparities答案：B37.Theword“canon”inline4mostnearlymeans______.A.clergyB.cannonC.authoritativelistD.navigationalchart答案：C38.Accordingtothepassage,Nochlinwouldmostlikelyendorsewhichstrategy?A.CreatingseparatemuseumsforwomenartistsB.LoweringartisticstandardstoachieveparityC.RevisingthenarrativesthatdefineexcellenceD.Privatizingpublicartsfunding答案：CPassageBEveryDecember,thesmallNorwegianislandofSommar?yerasestheconceptoftime.Forthreeweeks,thesunneverrises,andclocksareliterallyremovedfromwalls.Residentsschedulemeetingsbyasking“morningorevening?”—aphrasethatnowsignalsnotchronologicalpositionbutenergylevel.AnthropologistKariSolvang,whospenttwowintersontheisland,arguesthatthistemporalsuspensionisnotmeregimmickrybutaradicalexperimentinsocialchoreography.Withoutclocktime,grocerystoresopenwhentheownerwakes,schoolstartswhenenoughchildrengather,andfishermenreturnwhenthecodarrive.Solvangdocumentsdecreasedbloodpressure,increasedcreativeoutput,andameasurableriseincommunaltrust.Criticscounterthatsuchasystemdependsonhomogeneityandwouldcollapseinurbancontexts.YetSommar?y’scouncilplanstoexportitsmodelasapop-up“time-freezone”tostressedNordiccities,offeringcitizensafortnighttorememberwhatitfeelsliketolivebyinternalrhythmsratherthanmechanicalones.39.Sommar?y’sremovalofclocksispresentedprimarilyas______.A.atouristmarketingstuntB.ahealthinterventionC.aphilosophicalprotestD.atechnologicalregression答案：B40.Solvang’sattitudetowardtheexperimentis______.A.cautiouslyoptimisticB.openlyderisiveC.willfullyindifferentD.profoundlymystified答案：A41.Whichassertionwouldthecriticsmostlikelyaccept?A.UrbanitespossessstrongercircadianrhythmsB.SocialcohesioniseasierinsmallcommunitiesC.FishingschedulesareimmunetoseasonalchangeD.Creativitycorrelateswithlatitude答案：BPassageCThedigitalafterlifeindustrynowoffersservicesthatcontinueyoursocial-mediapresenceposthumously.Algorithmsingestyearsofposts,learnsyntaxandemojipatterns,thengeneratenewcontentthatmimicsyourvoice.Mournerscanchatwiththedeceased’savatar,receivingbirthdayremindersorinsidejokes.Ethicistswarnof“algorithmicghosts”thatentrapgriefinanendlessloop,preventingthegradualdetachmentnecessaryformourning.Somecompaniesprofitbyupsellingpremiumpackages:for$9.99amonth,thedeadwillwishyourchildgoodnightinaudiodeepfake.Legislatorsscrambletodefineposthumousprivacyrights,whilesuicide-preventiongroupsfearromanticizingdigitalimmortality.Yetmanyusersfindcomfortintheillusionofcontinuity,comparingittokeepingavoicemaillongafterthespeakerisgone.Thephenomenonraisesafundamentalquestion:isidentitythesumofretrievabledata,ordoespersonhoodresideintheirreproduciblemomentofencounter?42.Theprimaryethicalconcernhighlightedis______.A.environmentalcostofdatacentersB.commodificationofgriefC.copyrightinfringementonemojisD.monopolypoweroftechgiants答案：B43.Theauthor’scomparisontovoicemailimpliesthat______.A.technologicalmediationofmemoryistimelessB.audioqualitydegradesfasterthantextC.legalprecedentsalreadyexistD.deepfakeaudioisindistinguishablefromreal答案：A44.Whichstatementbestcapturesthepassage’smaindilemma?A.DatapermanencechallengestraditionalconceptsofdeathB.AIavatarsincreasetheriskofidentitytheftC.Social-mediaplatformsshouldbenationalizedD.Emojipatternsrevealclassstatus答案：A45.Thetoneofthepassagecanbestbedescribedas______.A.celebratoryB.cautionaryC.satiricalD.resigned答案：BPartIVTranslation（共15分）46.將下列句子譯成英文：人文教育的終極目標不是培養(yǎng)工具，而是喚醒公民；不是制造答案，而是教會人們?nèi)绾螣o畏地提問。答案：Theultimategoalofhumanitieseducationisnottoproducetoolsbuttoawakencitizens;nottomanufactureanswersbu