第1頁/共1頁浦東新區(qū)2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高三英語試卷（考試時(shí)間：105分鐘滿分：115分）I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.PennamesDidyouknowthatLewisCarroll,bestknownasthewriterofAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland,wasreallynamedCharlesLutwidgeDodgson?Thisisjustoneofthefascinatingfacts____1____(find)inPenNames,anewbookbyAdrianScott.Exploringtheworldofliterarypseudonyms(筆名)fromthe19thcenturytothepresentday,PenNamesseekstounderstandandhighlightsomeofhistory’smostinterestingpennamesanduncoverthemotivationsbehindthem.____2____(consist)ofjustunder140pages,thebookisamanageableworkandbeginswithadetailedintroductionoftheliterarypseudonym’shistory.Scottoutlinesfromthestartofhisbookthatthedecisiontousepennamesusually____3____(fall)intooneoftwocategories:tofitinorstandout.____4____toprotectanauthor’sidentityortoincreasetheirappealtoreaders,literarypseudonymsbecamecommonplacefromthe1800sonwards.Pennamestakesusthroughthereasoningofindividualwritersastheydevelopedandusedapennametoauthortheirwork.Someoftheseliteraryfiguresaresurprisinglywell-knownundertheirownnamesbutchose____5____(publish)someworkunderasecondname.CharlesDickens,forexample,wroteunderthenameBoz.Amorerecentexampleincludedisthepublishingofnovelswhich____6____(credit)tothepennameRobertGalbraithbutwereactuallywrittenbyHarryPotterauthorJKRowling.____7____allthecasestudiesinPenNames,themostinterestingonesarethoseofauthorswhocreatedpublicimagesfortheirpseudonymoreven,insomeinstances,welcomedthemasanentirelynewidentity.AparticularlyremarkableexampleisScottishwriterWilliamSharp,____8____cametoseehispennameFionaMacleodasa“demonstrationofadifferent,femalesideofhisnature.”Ultimately,____9____thisbookquestionsiswhetherit’simportanttoknowandunderstandtheidentitiesofauthorsbehindtheirpennames.AccordingtoScott’swork,althoughit’simportantinsomecases,it’safascinatingexercisetouncoverthelivesandmotivationsoftheseauthors,especiallyof(10)_____10_____wethinkweknowsowell.Aclearandwell-researchedbook,PenNamesisanengagingandinformativeworkthatexploresaninterestingliterarytradition.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.activatedB.combinedC.drivesD.informedE.overridesF.previouslyG.readilyH.stimulatingI.survivalJ.underlyingK.unfamiliarThesixhumanhungersAttheheartoffoodpsychologyliesapowerfulquestion:Whydoweeatwhatweeat?Thisquestionhasledtoadiscovery____11____myentireconceptualframeworkofhealthandeating:thesixhumanhungers.Inobservingbehaviorsandcommonstrugglesaroundfood,Inoticedmosteatingdecisionsweren’tpurelybasedonphysicalhunger.Instead,theyoftenarosefromacomplexcombinationofpsychological,biologicalandemotional____12____thatdidn’talwaysreflectthebody’sactualneeds.Thisrealizationrevealedacriticalinsight:Whatweoftenthinkofas“hunger”canactuallybe____13____byanyofsixdistinctmotivations:fromnutritionalneedstoemotionalneeds,whichhasthepowertoinfluencewhen,whatandhowmuchweeat.Understandingwhichofthesehungersisatplayallowsyoutoreclaimcontroloveryoureatingchoicessoyoucanmakeintentionaland____14____decisionsratherthansimplyrespondingtoimpulses(沖動).Thesehungersdetermineoureatingpatterns,andtheirinfluenceonlyintensifieswhenseveralofthemaretriggeredatonce.Whenthreeormorehappenatthesametime,theextremehungerisnearlyimpossibletoresistbecauseitengagesanancient____15____instinct:ashungergrows,sodoesoururgencyandadaptabilityinchoosingfoods.Prolongedhungermighthavedrivenourancestorstohuntmoredangerousgameortoexperimentwith____16____plants—astrategythat,whilerisky,wassometimessaferthanfacingstarvation.Thisinstincttoeatwhatwasavailablemayhavesavedlivesintimesoffoodshortage,butintoday’sworldofsufficient,____17____accessiblefood,itoftenworksagainstus.Thisisakeyreasonwhysomanydietsfail.Althoughthey’reoftenpoorlynourished(滋養(yǎng)),peopleattempttoadoptrestrictivediets.Beforelong,intensifiedhunger____18____self-discipline,pushingthemtomakepoorfoodchoices.Feelingsofguiltorshamemayfollow,ironically(諷刺地)____19____evenmoreconsumptionandcreatingacycleofovereatingandself-blame.Generallyspeaking,eachofthesixhungerscanaffectusindependently,butwhenmultipletypesofhungerareactive,their____20____forcecanovercomeeventhestrongestwillpower.Next,we’lllookatthesixhumanhungersaswellashowtorespondtoeacheffectively,anewapproachtonavigatingyourrelationshipwithfood.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Haveyoueverfeltnervousorashamedtotaketimeoffworktocareforyourmentalhealth?EmilyCarter,awriterbasedinNewYork,recentlyposedasimilarquestiononline,inspiredbyMiraKelton,whounexpectedly____21____fromOlympiceventstoprotectherpsychologicalwell-being.“Itwas____22____tomanypeople,”Carternotedinaninterview,“becausetheprevailing(盛行的)mentalityistobestrongandpushthroughthepain.”Theresponsesrevealedatroublingpattern:dueto____23____andprofessionalconcerns,numerousemployeesfeelpressuredtohidetheirneedformentalhealthleave.This____24____hesitationpointstoasignificantgapinworkplacesupportsystemsthaturgentlyneedstobeaddressed.Whiletheterm“sadday”—oftenusedtorefertoamentalhealthday—lacksanofficialdefinition,itgenerallymeanspaidleavetakenfromsickdays.Itallowsemployeeswhoaren’tfeelinglikethemselvesto____25____,engageinmeaningfulactivities,orsimplytakeabreakfromdailystressors.Toputitmildly,a“sadday”offersonlyatemporary____26____andisnotafixfordeeperissues.____27____,sometimesashortbreakcanmakeasubstantialdifference.Recognizingtheneedforsuchtimeoffisnotalwaysstraightforward.AccordingtoElenaStribling,presidentoftheadvocacygroupMentalHealthAmerica,thesignscanbe____28____.Thesemayincludeshiftsinmood,slightdropsinproductivityordifficultyconcentrating.Nevertheless,ifleftunaddressed,theseearly____29____canevolveintoseverehealthissues.Onceyou’vedecidedtotakeamentalhealthday,thenextquestionishowto____30____yourdecision.Yourrelationshipwithyourmanagerwilllargelydeterminehowopenyoucanbeaboutyourreasons.Striblingwarnedthatanxietyorguiltcansometimesleadto____31____.Inmostcases,expertsadvisesimplystatingthatyouneedtotakeasickdaywithoutgoingintodetail.“Noteverybodyvaluesmentalhealth,”addedAndrewParker,aclinicalpsychologistatRiversideMedicalCenterinBelmont,Mass.“Unlessyou’reclosewithyoursupervisor,itisa(n)____32____topresentyourspecificneeds.”Finally,howyouuse“saddays”matters.Reflectonwhathasledyoutothispoint:Doyourpersonalrelationshipsneedattention?Areyouexhaustedfromyourworkloadandinneedof____33____?Itmaybeamixofseveralfactors.Whateveryoudo,don’tspendtheday____34____workmessagesorfeelingguilty.AsStriblingemphasized,“Self-careisnotaselfishact.Peoplewhoareselflesstothepointof____35____endupburningout.”21.A.recovered B.withdrew C.benefited D.suffered22.A.convincing B.shocking C.challenging D.inspiring23.A.dishonesty B.disinterest C.disgrace D.disorder24.A.collective B.sudden C.intentional D.brief25.A.stepback B.takeoff C.passout D.breakdown26.A.resolution B.exercise C.calling D.relief27.A.Besides B.Otherwise C.However D.Thus28.A.unclear B.external C.imaginary D.evident29.A.conflicts B.habits C.warnings D.attempts30.A.communicate B.advocate C.enrich D.delay31.A.over-reacting B.over-working C.over-sharing D.over-estimating32.A.duty B.risk C.honor D.priority33.A.challenge B.praise C.disconnection D.promotion34.A.deleting B.leaking C.treasuring D.checking35.A.self-sacrifice B.self-awareness C.self-defense D.self-controlSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Backin2008whenIwasworkingasaprofessionalastronomer,IwasgrantedtwonightsonabigtelescopeonMaunaKea,Hawaii.Irememberarrivingatthepeakofthevolcanoatdusk,veryexcitedaboutthisincredibleopportunity.Iwentintothebrightlylittelescopecontrolroom,pluggedinmylaptopandstartedpreparingforthenightoftakingdata.Whenitwasdawn,Iemergedintothesunrise,sleepy-eyedandreadyfordinner...orwasitbreakfast?ItwasonlyyearslaterthatIrealizedI’dbeentothepeakofMaunaKeaandIhadn’tlookedupatthenightskywithmyeyesevenonce.Inowseethisdisappointingsituationwasrepresentativeofadeeperstateofmentaldifficultythathadaffectedmelikealong,slowsunset.Overmyyearsofimmersion(沉浸)intheacademicenvironment,I’dbecomelostintheworldofideas,disconnectedfromanemotional,directexperience,andfromthewonderandpassionthathaddrawnmeintoastronomyinthefirstplace.I’vecometounderstandthatthissituationisn’tuniquetome.Thesearetypicalsymptomsofthemodernworld.Somanyofusliveincreasinglydisconnectedfromnature—inthedayandnighttime—oftenlostintheworldofideas,plansoranxieties,withourattentionrarelyinthehereandnow.Astrophysicswaswhatledmeintotheworldofideasandfacts,butitwasultimatelystargazinginamindfulwaythatshowedmethewaybacktoamorebalancedstateofmentalwellbeingandthewonderofmysubjective,veryhumanperspective.Whenwelookwithwide-eyedcuriosity,ratherthanbeingpreoccupiedwithfactsandexpectations,itencouragesastateofwonder,whichleadstoawe.Studieshaveshownfeelingaweonaregularbasisisdeeplybeneficialtoourmentalhealth,becauseithelpsusfeelconnectedtosomethingbiggerthanoureverydayviewofourselves.Suddenly,ourworriesaren’tquitesoallimportantandwestarttoseeourselvesfromadifferentperspective.It’ssoeasytothinkthatwe’relookingupatthestars.Butthetruthiswe’reinthem—madeofthem,inseparablefromthem.Youhavegrownoutof,andarelivingaspartof,thisUniverse.True,lookingatitonewayyou’reatiny,seeminglyinsignificantpieceofdustonaremoteplanetinanunremarkablesolarsystem.Butfromanotherperspective,you’reanintegralpartoftheUniverseexperiencingitselfthroughyouowneyes,earsandthoughts.Forme,thisviewhasfacilitatedacompletetransformationofmymentalhealthandwholelife.36.Theauthorfeltasenseof_________themomenthearrivedatMaunaKea.A.tiredness B.regret C.anticipation D.uniqueness37.Thecommonproblemofthemodernworldiscausedby_________.A.man’sseparationfromnatureandthepresentB.thewonderaboutandpassionforourcareersC.ourfailuretoobservetheskywithnakedeyesD.yearsofabsorptioninendlessacademicdebates38.Howcanwecarryout“mindfulstargazing”?A.Byholdingfasttosciencefactsandfigures.B.Byobservingstarsthroughanadvancedtelescope.C.Byintegratingexpectationsandviewsofourselves.D.Bysensingthestarrynightinanopen-mindedway.39.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Stargazingfromdusktodawn B.SeeinginanewlightC.Mysterious-lookinguniverse D.Awe-inspiringcareer(B)HillsideAnimalShelterwasfoundedin1995tohelpandcampaignforanimalsinneed,particularlythosesufferingeverydayintheintensivefactoryfarmingindustry.Wearehometo2500rescuedhorses,poniesanddonkeys,750cows,300pigs,850sheepandgoats,andlotsofotheranimalsincludingdogsanddeer,andweneedyourhelp.40.YoucanscantheQRcodeontheposterto_________.A.bookavisittotouraroundtheshelter B.knowabouttheshelter’sopeninghoursC.ordertheshelter’sNewYearcardsquickly D.offerfinancialsupportthroughacreditcard41.Davidhassaved￡15tobuyagiftforfriendsandcontributetoanimalfeed.Whichplanbestmeetshisgoals?A.One“Hillside2026Calendar”andone“LargeRoundHayBale”.B.Onepackof“20‘WinterMagic’FestiveCards”andone“StandardHayBale”.C.Three“StandardHayBales”andrequestsome“HillsideLeafletstoDistribute”.D.One“Hillside2026Calendar”andonepackof“20‘WinterWilds’NewYearCards”.42.Thisleafletisintendedto_________.A.promoteanewlineoffestivegifts B.hirevolunteerstofeedfarmanimalsC.raisefundstocareforrescuedanimals D.encouragedonationsforhorsesinwinter(C)ItalladdsupWhetherit’senemytanksinbattle,animalsinthewildorcutlery(餐具)inabusycanteen,itisdifficulttocountobjectsthataremovingaround.Luckily,thereisatechniquethatcanestimatehowmanythereareofsomethingwithoutrequiringyoutocounteverysingleone.Thecapture-recapturemethodinvolvesgettingasample—waitingforsomeanimalstowanderby,forinstance,thencollectingsome—markingtheindividualsdistinctively,thenreleasingthembackintothepopulation.Aftersometimehaspassed,yourepeattheprocesstopickanothergroupofanimalsandcounthowmanyofthemarealreadymarked.Ifyoucaptured,say,50animalsinitiallyandmarkedthemall,thenonyourrecapturestepyoufoundhalftheanimalsyousawweremarked,thistellsyousomethingaboutthewholepopulation.Sincehalfthesampleismarked,thisimpliesthathalfofthewholepopulationismarked—sotheremustbeabout100individuals.Thiscangiveareasonablyaccurateestimateofapopulation,withouthavingtofindandcounteverysinglememberofit.Duringthesecondworldwar,somestatisticianswantedtodeterminehowmanytankstheGermanarmywasproducing.Capturedtankscouldn’tbere-released,but,astankcomponentsaremarkedwithserialnumbers,anotherapproachallowedthemtomakeanestimate.Theyloggedtheserialnumbersofallcapturedtanks,workingontheassumptionthattheywerenumberedinafixedorderandrandomlydistributed.IfthelargestserialnumberinyourdataisLandthenumberofcapturedtanksisn,oneestimateforthetotalnumberoftanksisgivenbyL+L/n.ThisisknownastheGermantankprobleminstatistics.Oneofmyfavouritepopulationestimationstorieswastoldtomebyateacherfriend,whotaskedherstudentswithestimatingthenumberofforksintheschoolcanteen—impossibletocountas,atanygiventime,anumberwillbeinuseandotherswillbeinthewash.Herclass“captured”asetofforksandmarkedeachonewithadropofnailpolish,thenreleasedthembackintothepopulation.Aweeklater,theyrecapturedanothersamplepopulationandusedittomakeanestimateofthetotalnumberofforks.Researchersperformedasimilarexperiment20yearsagotoshamepeopleintoreturninglabproperty.Aworryingnumberofteaspoonsweregoingmissingintheirlab,sotheymarkedasetofspoonsbeforereleasingthem,studyingtheirmovementsandpublishingtheresults.Itturnsoutscienceiseffectivethankstothepublicationofthepaper.43.Whichofthefollowinggraphbestillustratesthecapture-recapturemethod?（marked）A. B.C. D.44.InordertoestimatetheproductionofGermantanks,statisticiansneedtoknowthe_________.AfixedorderinwhichGermantankswerenumberedB.smallestandlargestserialnumbersofcapturedtanksCaverageoftheserialnumbersofallthetanksinabattleD.totalofthecapturedtanksandtheirlargestserialnumber45.Whatcanyouinferaboutthefinalresultoftheteaspoonexperiment?A.Themissingteaspoonswereequaltothereleasedteaspoons.B.Scientistsproposedaneffectivetechniquetocountnumbers.C.Missingteaspoonsweresheepishlyreturnedbyspoonstealers.D.Researcherworkedoutthetotalofthemissingforksinthelab.46.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Mysteriessolvedbycapturinganimals. B.Theoriginofamathematicaltechnique.C.Atrickhelpingyoucountmovingobjects. D.Distinctoccasionsaddingtodifficultyinlife.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Keepingcoolasawintermelon?Afteraheavysummerafternoonofpickingvegetablesinthegarden,mydaughterandIwerehangingoutonthecouch.Shehadpickedaparticularlylargecucumberandwasreallyproudofit,tellingmehowcolditfelt.Ofcourse,thephrase“coolasacucumber”cameup.Thenmycousinsaidsomethingveryinteresting:“Oh,thatmustbeanAmericanthing.InChina,wedon’tusecucumbers._____47_____”“Wait,what?”Iwasobviouslyconfusedastowhymelonswouldbehugged.Butthenmycousinexplainedthatlongbeforemoderncoolingdeviceslikeairconditionersorelectricfans,huggingwintermelon,avegetablenativetoChina,wasapracticalwaytobeatthesummerheatwhilesleeping._____48_____Wintermelons,withtheirmassivesizeandthickskin,retain(保持)acooltemperatureeveninhotweather.Oftenstoredincoolplaces,theyabsorbandretainupto96percentwater,whichmeanstheyresistheatingupquickly,stayingrefreshinglycooltothetouchevenonthehottestdays.Backthen,forordinarypeople,awintermeloncoulddoubleasanaturalcoolingpadtowhichthebodytransferredexcessheatto,providingrelieffromsticky,uncomfortablenights.Thispracticeenduresbecausemanybelieveit’sagentler,morenaturalalternativetomoderncoolingmethods._____49_____Andcomparedtofans,whichblowairdirectlyontothebody,themelon’scoolnessispassiveandgentle.Andyeswintermelonsareusedformorethanjusthugs.InChinesecuisine,they’reoftenusedindishesastheyabsorbtheflavoursofsoupsandseasonings,makingthemacommonadditiontosoups._____50_____Also,intraditionalChinesemedicine,they’revaluedfortheircoolingproperties,whicharethoughttohelpbalancethebody’sinternalheat.Tofindafull-sized,wholewintermelontohug,headtoafarmers’market.There,you’llsurelyfindonethatholdsenoughcoolnesstomakethisancienttrickfeeljustaseffectivetodayasitwascenturiesago.A.Inancienttimes,youhuggedcucumberstostaycool,whichwasacommonpractice.B.Thereasoningbehinditisrootedinthemelon’sphysicalproperties.C.Theirmildnessbalancesrichingredients—wintermelonandporksoupisaclassicexample.D.Therefore,Ihadtolookintotheagriculturalpracticefurtherthroughaquickonlinesearch.E.Unlikeairconditioners,awintermelonprovidesamildcoolnessthat’slesslikelytocausediscomfortforkids.F.Wehugwintermelonstostaycoolonhotsummerdays.III.SummaryWritingDirections:51.Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.SocialmediapostsLikeothermillennials,Ms.Yu,agraphicdesigner,wentthroughherbumpyteenyearsamidtheriseoffirst-wavesocialmediasuchasFriendsterandMyspace.“Socialmediawasveryinterestingandfreshtome,asitwasaconvenientwaytoconnectwithothers,”sherecalls.Aboutthreeyearsago,however,shestartedfeelinglessrosyaboutsocialmedia.“Iwasspendingsomuchtimetakingphotostopostonline,hopingtogetpositivecomments.IwouldbeembarrassedifIreceivedfew‘likes’formyposts.Iwouldaskmyself,‘Whydidmorepeoplelikesomeoneelse’spostsbutnotmine?Aremypostsnotgoodenough?AmInotgoodenough?’”Ms.Yuwaseventuallyabletoovercomeherself-doubtbycuttingbackontimespentonsocialmedia,andusingitonlyincaseswhereitwouldpotentiallyboostratherthanweakenherconfidence.Herexperiencehighlightsthedouble-edgednatureofsocialmedia.ClinicalPsychologistMs.MichelleTannotesthatitcanbeapowerfultoolforrelievingsocialisolationandloneliness.Onlinecommunitiesprovideemotionalsupportoftenhelpingusersturnonlineconnectionswithlike-mindedpeopleintoreal-lifefriendships.Theycanalsoserveasamotivationaltoolforachievinggoalslikequittingsmokingorgettinginshape.Ontheotherhand,itcouldinvitenegativesocialcomparisonswithotheronlineusersandloweraperson’sself-