第七講：反義疑問(wèn)句

一、【考點(diǎn)解讀】

反義疑問(wèn)句是疑問(wèn)句中的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)，小升初英語(yǔ)考試中，一般以填空或者選擇的形式，

讓孩子把反義疑問(wèn)句后半句補(bǔ)充完整，從而來(lái)考察孩子對(duì)反義疑問(wèn)句的掌握。反義疑問(wèn)句的

特點(diǎn)是：前肯后否，前否后肯。

二、【知識(shí)講解】

知識(shí)點(diǎn)1——主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的反義疑問(wèn)句

反意疑問(wèn)句是由兩部分組成的，前一部分是對(duì)事物的陳述（即陳述句），后一部分是簡(jiǎn)

短的提問(wèn)（即簡(jiǎn)短疑問(wèn)句），中間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定

疑問(wèn)句；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑問(wèn)句。兩部分的人稱(chēng)和時(shí)態(tài)要一致。

其回答是用yes或no來(lái)表示。

一、含be(is,are,was,were)動(dòng)詞的反意疑問(wèn)句，需用be的適當(dāng)形式.

①YouarefromAmerica,aren'tyou?Yes,Iam.No,I'mnot.

②TheGreenweren'tathomelastnight,werethey?Yes,theywere.No,theyweren’t.

注意：1、陳述部分主、謂語(yǔ)是Iam...時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句用aren'tI而不是amnotI例如：I'm

workingnow,aren’tI?我在工作，是嗎？

二、行為動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的反意疑問(wèn)句,需用do/does的適當(dāng)形式。

①YouoftenwatchTVintheevening,don'tyou?Yes,Ido.No,Idon't.

②Thefirstclassbeginsateight,doesn'tit?Yes,itdoes.No,itdoesn't.

三、行為動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的反意疑問(wèn)句，需用did的是適當(dāng)形式。

①Therainstopped,didn'tit?Yes,itdid.No,itdidn't.

②Jim’sparentsdidn'tgotoHongKonglastmonth,didthey?Yes,theydid.No,theydidn't.

四、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的反意疑問(wèn)句，需用will的適當(dāng)形式。

①Theboyswillplaygames,won'tthey?Yes,theywill.No,theywon't.

②Itwon'tstopraining,willit?Yes,itwill.No,itwon't.

五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的反意疑問(wèn)句，需用have、has的適當(dāng)形式。

①YouhavebeentoShanghaibefore,haven'tyou?YesIhave.No,Ihaven't.

②Jackhasn'tdonehishomework,hashe?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn't.

※have(has)不是“完成時(shí)態(tài)”時(shí)，其反意疑問(wèn)句的助動(dòng)詞要用do,does,did。例如：

Theyhadameetingjustnow，didn'tthey?他們剛才開(kāi)了個(gè)會(huì)，是嗎？

Youhavetowaterthevegetableseveryday,don'tyou?你每天都要澆菜，對(duì)吧？

Hehastostayathome,doesn’the?Theyhadtostartatonce,didn’tthey?

※陳述部分有hadbetter時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句中要用had。例如：

Wehadbettergotoschoolatonce,hadn'twe?我們現(xiàn)在最好馬上去上學(xué)，好嗎？

Theyhadbetternotgooutatnight,hadthey?

六、含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的反意疑問(wèn)句，需用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式。

YoucanspeakFrench,can'tyou?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.

Thestudentsmuststudyhard,mustn'tthey?Yes,theymust./No,theyneedn't.

注意：當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must時(shí)，我們便要分析一下must的含義。如果must作

“一定；要；必須”講，反意疑問(wèn)句須用mustn't或needn't；而當(dāng)must作推測(cè)意義“一定是；

必定”講時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句則需根據(jù)must后的動(dòng)詞原形選用相應(yīng)的形式。例如：

Hemustworkhardatphysics,mustn'the?他必須努力學(xué)物理，是吧？

Youmustgohomenow,needn'tyou?Yes,Imust.No,Ineedn't.

Tommustbeathome，isn'the?湯姆一定在家，是吧？

七、祈使句用于反意疑問(wèn)句中

這種類(lèi)型較特殊，前一部分是祈使句，后一部分是肯定疑問(wèn)形式?；卮鹨草^靈活。

句型1:Let's+動(dòng)詞原形+其它，shallwe?例如:Let'sgoforawalk,shallwe?

句型2:其它形式的祈使句，willyou（表示請(qǐng)求）?

①Comeintotheclassroom,willyou?---OK.②Pleasebecareful,willyou?

③Bequick,willyou?④Don’tyoubelateagain,willyou?

⑤Doitatonce,willyou?⑥Letmehaveatry,willyou?

⑦Letusleavenow,willyou?

八、當(dāng)陳述部分含有以下這些含有否定意義的詞時(shí)：few,little,seldom，hardly,never,not,no,

noone,nobody,nothing,none,neither等，其反意疑問(wèn)句需用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：

①YouhaveneverbeentoBeijing,haveyou?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven't.

②Mr.Fathasfewfriendshere,doeshe?Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn't.㎜

③Thereislittlemilkinthebottle,isthere?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn't.

④Hecoulddonothing,couldhe?Yes,hecould.No,hecouldn't.

但是，當(dāng)陳述部分所含的否定詞是通過(guò)加前綴或后綴構(gòu)成的，其后的反意疑問(wèn)句依然用

否定結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Itisunfair,isn'tit?It’simpossible,isit?

九、當(dāng)陳述部分含Ithink(believe,suppose...)that...結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，其反意疑問(wèn)句須與從句的主、

謂語(yǔ)保持一致，主句的主語(yǔ)必須是第一人稱(chēng)。例如：

Idon'tthinkhewillcome,willhe?我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來(lái)，對(duì)嗎？

Ibelievetheycanfinishtheworkintime,canthey?

十、陳述部分是therebe句型時(shí)，其反意疑問(wèn)句中要用there。例如：

①Therearen'tanychildrenintheroom,arethere?Yes,thereare.No,therearen't.

②Therewillbeabasketballmatchtomorrow,won'tthere?Yes,therewill.No,therewon't.

注意：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為名詞，人名時(shí)，反義疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)必須用人稱(chēng)代詞來(lái)代替。

Yourbrother’sgonetothelibrary,hasn’the?

Maryisworkinghard,isn’tshe?

三、【典例探究】

【例題】：

1.Let’sdocookingthisafternoon.(改為反意疑問(wèn)句)

Let’scookingthisafternoon,?

答案：shallwe（解析：在祈使句中，只有l(wèi)et’s是特殊的,用shallwe?，其他一律用willyou?）

2.Heseldomhaslunchatschool,________?

A.hasn'theB.hasheC.doesn'theD.doeshe

答案:D（解析：陳述句中陳述部分含有no,never,seldom,hardly,few,little,not,nothing等

否定意義的詞時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分用肯定形式;但陳述部分若使用含有否定意義的前綴或后綴的

詞時(shí),反意疑問(wèn)部分仍然使用否定形式。本句中還涉及到have的反義疑問(wèn)句，陳述部分的謂

語(yǔ)是have時(shí),若have作“有”“吃”“喝”“舉行”“玩的開(kāi)心”等解,反意疑問(wèn)部分用do(does,did)的

適當(dāng)形式進(jìn)行反問(wèn)；若have作助動(dòng)詞用，構(gòu)成“完成時(shí)”的結(jié)構(gòu),則只能用have/has的適當(dāng)形

式進(jìn)行反問(wèn)。如果是陳述句有hadbette（r作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞講）“最好......”時(shí)，問(wèn)句中用had(hadn’t)

進(jìn)行反問(wèn)。）

3.She’sbeentoBeijingforthreetimes,_______?

Aisn’tsheBdoesn’tsheChasn’tsheDwasn’tshe

答案：C(分析：解題關(guān)鍵是要理解she’s=sheis/shehas.根據(jù)題目，she’sbeen=shehasbeen）

四、【課堂運(yùn)用】

【基礎(chǔ)】

【練習(xí)1】選擇填空

()1.Hewaslateforschoolthatmorning,________?

A.wasn’theB.washeC.didheD.didn’the

()2.Shewillhavelunchatschool,________?

A.doesn’tsheB.won’tsheC.issheD.willshe

()3.Shedoesn’ttalkmuch,________?

A.isheB.doesn’tsheC.didsheD.doesshe

()4.Thecomputerisveryusefultous,________?

A.isn’titB.isn’tthecomputerC.doesitD.doesn’tit

()5.ThereisgoingtobeanEnglishpartythisafternoon,________?

A.isthereB.isgoingthereC.isn’tthereD.didthere

【練習(xí)2】

()6.Thatisherdictionary,________?

Aisn’tthatB.isthatC.doesitD.isn’tit

()7.Shehasabrotherandasister,________?

A.hasn’tsheB.hassheC.don’tsheD.doesshe

()8.Hereallymustgonow,________?

A.mustbeB.doesn’theC.mustn’theD.mustbe

()9.Youneedanewbike,________?

A.don’tyouB.doyouC.needn’tyouD.needyou

()10.Marylostherpen,________?

A.didn’tsheB.didn’tMaryC.doesn’tsheD.wasn’tshe

【鞏固】

【練習(xí)1】

()11.Hecanhardlybelieveit,________?

A.can’ttheyB.canheC.isheD.cannothe

()12.Somebodytoldmeaboutityesterday,________?

A.didtheyB.didn’tsomebodyC.didn’ttheyDdidhe

()13.Wedomorningexercisesinthemorning,________?

A.doweB.didweC.didn’tweD.don’twe

()14.Youhavegotnothingtosay,________?

A.haveyouB.haven’tyouC.hadyouD.youhave

()15.TheArabhasneverseensuchacamel,________?

A.hasn’theB.hastheArabC.didheD.hashe

【練習(xí)2】

()16.ShedoeswellinEnglish,________?

A.doesn’tsheB.doessheC.didsheD.isn’tshe

()17.HespeaksneitherRussiannorFrench,________?

A.can’theB.doesn’theC.doesheD.aren’tthere

()18.Thereislittletimeleft________?

A.isn’tthereB.isthereC.arethereD.aren’tthere

()19.Shedoesn’tmuchcareforacar,________?

A.issheB.doessheC.doesn’tsheD.didshe

()20.Somebodyborrowedmybikeyesterday,________?

A.didn’ttheyB.didtheyC.didheD.doesn’the

【拔高】

【練習(xí)1】

()21.Therearen’tthirtydaysinFebruary,arethey?No,_______.

A.thereareB.therearen’tC.theredoD.theredon’t

()22.Youdon’tthinkso,________?

A.don’tyouB.aren’tyouC.areyouD.aren’tyou

()23.TheyhaveneverbeentotheSummerPalace,________?

A.havetheyB.haven’tyouC.don’tyouD.aren’tyou

()24.Kate’sfatherwillgotoLondonforhisholiday,________?

A.won’theB.willheC.doesn’theD.isn’the

()25.Mydaughterwantstolearnpopularmusic,________?

A.doesn’tsheB.isn’tsheC.doessheD.willshe

【練習(xí)2】

()26.YourfathercanspeakGerman,________?

A.doesheB.isheC.doesn’theD.can’the

()27.Youwereatschoollastyear,________?

A.wereyouB.didyouC.weren’tyouD.didn’tyou

()28.You’dbettergoshoppingwithher,________?

A.didn’tyouB.don’tyouC.hadn’tyouD.haven’tyou

()29.Noneofuslikedherlessons,________?

A.doweB.didweC.don’tweD.didn’twe

()30.Hecan’tdowhatshesaid,________?

A.doesheB.can’tsheC.canID.canhe

()31.Idon’tthinkhecanfinishthework,________?

A.doIB.doesheC.canID.canbe

()32.Letushavearest,________?

A.willyouB.shallweC.doyouD.don’twe

()33.Whatanicegirl,________?

A.isn’titB.isn’tsheC.doesn’titD.doesit

()34.Mostofthemoneyhasleenspent,________?

A.havetheyB.haven’ttheyC.hasitD.hasn’tit

()35.Docometoseeme,________?

A.don’tyouB.can’tyouC.willyouD.won’tyou

()36.I’mthefirst,________?

A.amnotIB.aren’tIC.beID.doI

()37.Nooneknewthetruth,________?

A.don’ttheyB.didn’ttheyC.doesheD.didthey

()38.Thegirlisunhappy,________?

A.issheB.doessheC.isn’tsheD.doesn’tshe

()39.Don’tbecareless,________?

A.doyouB.canyouC.willyouD.areyou

()40.Hemustbeverytired,________?

A.mustn’tyouB.isn’theC.weretheyD.dothey

()41.Fewpeoplewerelateyesterday,________?

A.weren’ttheyB.wasn’theC.weretheyD.dothey

()42.Don’tdothatagain,________?

A.shallyouB.wouldyouC.can’tyouD.willyou

五、【課后鞏固】

【習(xí)題1】

1.Tomwashappy,_________________?

2.Tomwasunhappy,_________________?

3.Tomwasn’thappy,_________________?

4.TomelikeswatchingTV,_________________?

5.TomdislikeswatchingTV,_________________?

6.Tomedoesn’tlikewatchingTV,_________________?

7.Therearesomebirdssinginginthetree,_________________?

8.ItseldomrainsinShenzhen,_________________?

9.Cathyhaslittlemoney,_________________?

10.Christinehardlygetsupearly,_________________?

11.Openthedoor,_________________?

12.Don’tclosethedoor,_________________?

13.Let’sgotothesupermarket,_________________?

14.Letusgotothesupermarket,_________________?

15.Theyhadlunchtogether,_________________?

16.Jimisill.Let’sgoandseehimafterschool,_________________?

17.HisfatherhardlyknowsEnglish,_________________?

18.Hethinkshisauntisright,_________________?

19.LindahasjustcomebackfromAmerica,_________________?

20.YouwillwatchTVthisevening,_________________?

21.Youlikeapples,_________________?

22.Let’sgotoHongKong,_________________?

23.Somethingwronghashapped,_________________?

24.Theystudyalot,_________________?

25.Herdaughtercleanedthecarpetsandcurtains,_________________?

26.Theteacherhadatalkwithyou,_________________?

27.That’sthesortofthebookyouwant,_________________?

28.Allthesedictionariesareagreathelptoyou,_________________?

29.Themoviewasquiteinteresting,_________________?

30.YouwilltakeatriptoAmerica,_________________?

31.Therearesomegirlsintheclassroom,_________________?

32.YouhadsometroublefindingwhereIlive,_________________?

33.Hehashishaircuteverymonth,_________________?

34.Yourfriendcomesearlier,_________________?

35.Thelittleboycannotgotochurch,_________________?

36.Susanwouldworkabroadifshehadthechance,_________________?

37.Tellmehowtooperatetheelectroniccomputer,_________________?

38.MarycomestovisityouonChristmasDay,_________________?

39.Let’slistentotheradioprogramthattheteachermentioned,_______________?

40.You’refunny,_________________?

41.Janettookpartinlaborinthatvillage,_________________?

42.Whatbeautifulweather,_________________?

43.HewillgotoKwangchowbyplane,_________________?

44.Weneveraskhimaquestion,___