PAGEiv 《AI電商——利用AI和ChatGPT玩轉電商》（第2-3章）翻譯報告摘要：本文為一篇翻譯報告，所選源文為AIEcommerce:MasteringEcommercewithAIandChatGPT(Chapters2-3)。源文從為電商從業(yè)者提供全面指導的視角出發(fā)，著重介紹電商業(yè)務類型，剖析各類業(yè)務的優(yōu)缺點，同時對比分析各個網(wǎng)站與平臺運營銷售的利弊，以此呈現(xiàn)銷售渠道的多樣性。此次翻譯實踐為跨語言電商知識傳播提供了準確、專業(yè)的文本參考，同時為專業(yè)領域翻譯研究（如電商文本的術語處理、風格再現(xiàn)等）積累了具有實用價值的案例。本翻譯報告一共由五部分組成。第一部分為引言，介紹了本翻譯項目的背景、項目意義以及翻譯報告的結構。第二部分為源文分析，首先探討各類電商模式及銷售渠道，再分析源文的文本類型與文體特征。第三部分為翻譯難點分析，針對翻譯中的術語、句子邏輯和長句問題等難點進行了分析。第四部分為翻譯策略描述，譯者結合實例，對術語的直譯和意譯，句子邏輯的增譯、減譯和轉換法，長句的順譯、倒譯和分譯法進行了詳細闡述。第五部分總結譯者在本次翻譯實踐中得到的啟發(fā)、吸取的經(jīng)驗教訓等。關鍵詞：AI電商；術語；句子邏輯；長句

AReportontheTranslationofAIEcommerce:MasteringEcommercewithAIandChatGPT(Chapters2-3)AbstractThisisatranslationreport.ThesourcetextisChapters2-3ofAIEcommerce:MasteringEcommercewithAIandChatGPT.Thesourcetextaimstoprovidecomprehensiveguidanceforecommercepractitioners.Itprovidesacomprehensiveintroductiontodifferenttypesofecommercebusinesses,examinestheirstrengthsandweaknesses,andcomparestheoperationalandsalesapproachesacrossvariouswebsitesandplatforms,highlightingthediversityofsaleschannels.Thetranslationprojecthasyieldedprofessionallylocalizedcontentthatfacilitatescross-linguisticknowledgetransferinecommerce,whilesimultaneouslygeneratingpracticallysignificantcasestudiesforspecializedtranslationresearch(particularlyregardingterminologymanagementandstylisticrepresentationinecommercetexts).Thereportconsistsoffiveparts.Thefirstpartistheintroduction,whichdescribesthebackgroundandsignificanceoftheproject,andthestructureofthisreport.Thesecondpartisthesourcetextanalysis,whichexplainsdifferenttypesofecommercebusinessesandsaleschannels,andanalyzesitstexttypeandstylisticfeatures.Thethirdpartisananalysisoftranslationdifficulties,mainlyfocusingonissuessuchasterminologies,logicofthesentenceandlongsentence.Thefourthpartisadescriptionoftranslationstrategies.Thetranslatorwillelaborateontheliteralandfreetranslationofterminologies,theamplification,omissionandconversionoflogicofthesentence,andthesynchronizing,reversinganddivisiontranslationoflongsentenceswithexamples.Thefifthpartsummarizestheinspiration,experienceandlessonslearnedbythetranslatorintranslationpractice.Keywords:AIecommerce;terminologies;thelogicofthesentence;longsentences

AcknowledgementsFirstandforemost,IwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetomysupervisorWangZuhua,throughoutthetranslationprocess.Hisinsightfulguidance,constructivefeedback,andpatiencewereinvaluable.Initially,heprovidedmewithimportantreferencematerials,whichgreatlyfacilitatedmytranslationwork.Later,hehelpedmedevelopaclearplanforthetranslationproject,fromtheinitialtextselectiontothefinalrevision.Inaddition,hisprofoundknowledgeintranslationtheoryandpracticehasalwaysbeenaninspirationtome.Duringthetranslationprocess,hepatientlyansweredmyquestionsaboutcomplexlanguagestructuresandculturalbackgroundknowledge,andguidedmetoproducemoreaccurateandculturallyappropriatetranslations.Hisguidancenotonlyimprovedthequalityofmytranslations,butalsodeepenedmyunderstandingoftranslationstudies.Withouthishelp,Iwouldnotbeabletocopewiththecomplextheoreticalconceptsandlanguagedifficultiesintranslation.Secondly,Iwouldliketoexpressmydeepestappreciationtomyinternshipsupervisor.Throughouttheinternshipprogram,heguidedmethroughadvancedecommercetheoreticalframeworkswhilegenerouslysharinghisextensivepracticalknowledge.Thismentorshipnotonlysignificantlydeepenedmycomprehensionoftheecommercesectorbutalsoexpandedmyprofessionalhorizons.Throughthisinvaluableexperience,IgainedsubstantialAmazon-specificoperationalexpertise.Theseinsightsbecameinstrumentalinaddressingnumeroustranslationchallengesencounteredduringtheinitialtranslationofthesourcetext,ultimatelyenablingmetodeliveraccurateandcontextually-appropriatetranslationsduringthefinalrevisionstage.Myheartfeltthanksalsogotomyfamilyandfriends.Theirunwaveringsupport,encouragement,andunderstandingduringthelonghoursoftranslationhavebeenmysourceofstrength.Theyhavepatientlylistenedtomyconcernsandcelebratedmyprogress,whichhaskeptmemotivatedthroughouttheproject.PAGE1Contents中文摘要iAbstractiiAcknowledgementsivIntroduction1I.AnalysisoftheSourceText3A.IntroductiontotheContent3B.TextTypeandStylisticFeatures31.TextType42.StylisticFeatures4II.TranslationDifficulties7A.Terminologies7B.LogicoftheSentence8C.LongSentences9III.CorrespondingTranslationStrategies10A.LiteralTranslationandFreeTranslation101.LiteralTranslation102.FreeTranslation11B.Amplification,OmissionandConversion131.Amplification132.Omission153.Conversion17C.Synchronizing,ReversingandDivision191.Synchronizing192.Reversing213.Division23Conclusion26Notes29Bibliography30Appendix1:SourceText31Appendix2:TranslatedText56

PAGE14PAGEAReportontheTranslationofAIEcommerce:MasteringEcommercewithAIandChatGPT(Chapters2-3)IntroductionAIecommerceservesasthecoredrivingforceinthefieldofecommerce,propellingthevigorousdevelopmentofthedigitaleconomy.LeveragingAIandChatGPT,enterprisescanenhancetheoperationalefficiencyofecommerce,significantlyacceleratetheintelligentupgradingoftheecommerceindustry,andinaugurateaneweraofecommerce.ThesourcetextofthistranslationprojectisAIEcommerce:MasteringEcommercewithAIandChatGPT(Chapters2-3),authoredbyAmericanecommerceentrepreneurHenryPerlmutter.Thesourcetextisaguidethatsystematicallyanalyzesecommerce,presentingthekeypointsofecommerceoperationsinallaspects.ThereportbeginsbycomparingtheB2CandB2Bmodels,analyzingthedifferencesbetweenphysicalandvirtualgoodssales,anddiscussinginventoryandconsignmentdelivery,orderfulfillmentstrategiestohelpreadersclarifytheirbusinessorientation.Afteremphasizingthekeyroleofthewebsite,itanalyzestheprosandconsofmulti-platformsales.Then,itliststhird-partymarketplatformsandintroducesinnovativeecommerceapplications.Moreover,multi-channeloperationideasareprovided.Finally,itexplainsaffiliatemarketingindepth,fromconstructiontomanagement,andgivespracticalsuggestionstoprovideecommercepractitionerswithacomprehensivestrategicreferencetohelpseizemarketopportunitiesandachievebusinessgrowth.Thesignificanceofthetranslationprojectliesinthreeaspects.First,thesourcetextanalyzestheecommercemodelandsaleschannels,providingguidanceforpractitionerstoconductbusiness.Second,thesourcetextisconducivetoecommercecompaniestochooseappropriatebusinessmodelsandsalesstrategies.Third,thesourcetexthelpscompaniesunderstandthediversityofsaleschannelsanddiscovernewmarketopportunitiesandcompetitiveadvantages.Therefore,boththewholebookandtheselectedchaptershavecertainreferencevaluefortheecommerceindustryofChina.ThetranslationprojectwascarriedoutatSichuanInternationalStudiesUniversityandlastedforfiveweeks.Duringthisperiod,aseriesoftranslationtaskswerecarriedout.First,thesourcetextwascarefullyselectedandthoroughlyread.Then,relevantbackgroundinformationwascarefullysearched.Afterthat,thetranslationprocessbegan,andduringthetextrevisionstage,thetranslatorreceivedvaluableguidancefromthetutor,thuscompletingthetranslationproject.Beginningwithanintroductionandendingupwithaconclusion,thebodyofthereportiscomposedofthreemainparts.Thefirstpartisthesourcetextanalysis,includingintroductiontoecommercemodelsandsaleschannels,aswellasananalysisofthecontentofthesourcetextandthestyleofthetext.Thesecondpartfocusesonthetranslationdifficultiesandidentifiestheproblemsrelatedtoterminologies,logicofthesentenceandlongsentence.Consideringthesechallenges,thethirdpartisaboutthecorrespondingtranslationstrategies.=1\*ROMANI.AnalysisoftheSourceTextAthoroughanalysisofthesourcetextisessentialforhigh-qualitytranslation.Itinvolvesanalyzingthecontent,texttypeandstylisticfeaturestoguideappropriatedecisionsduringtranslation.Thiscomprehensiveunderstandingensuresequivalencebetweensourceandtargettexts.Byintegratingtheseaspects,thetranslatorcanlayasolidfoundationforaccuracyandeffectiveness.A.IntroductiontotheContentThissourcetextcomprehensivelyexploresthefieldofecommerce,deeplyanalyzesbusinessmodels,saleschannelsandmarketingstrategies,andprovidesguidanceforentrepreneursandindustrypractitionerstohelpthemmakewisedecisions.Thesourcetextfirstlyfocusesonthetypesofecommercebusinesses,coveringthecomparisonbetweenB2CandB2B,thedifferencesbetweenphysicalandvirtualgoodssales,theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofinventorymanagementanddropshipping,andtheprosandconsofoutsourcingandself-operationoforderfulfillment,andintroducesthelongtailtheoryanditsapplication.Secondly,thesourcetextelaboratesonsaleschannelsindetail,emphasizestheimportanceofwebsitesasthecoreofecommerce,analyzessalesonplatformssuchasAmazon,Walmart,andeBay,introducesotherthird-partymarketplatforms,andtheroleofecommerceapplicationssuchasShopifyCollective,Buddify,andConvictional.Finally,thearticleexplainstheaffiliatemarketingplan,includingitsoperatingmodel,implementationsteps,managementmethods,andbestpractices.B.TextTypeandStylisticFeaturesThissectionexaminesthenatureofthesourcetextusingNewmark’sclassificationsystem,focusingonfactualaccuracyintranslation.Subsequently,thestylisticfeaturesareanalyzedfromthreekeyaspects:vocabulary,sentencepatterns,andtextualstructure.Thisdetailedanalysisnotonlyrevealstheuniquecharacteristicsofthesourcetextbutalsoprovidespracticalguidanceforthetranslator.TextTypeAccordingtoPeterNewmark,therearemainlythreetypesoftexts:expressivetexts,informativetexts,andvocativetexts,andthetranslator’sapproachtoeachtypewillvarydependingonthefunctionofthetext.1Amongthesethreetypesoftexts,expressivetextshavetheircoreintheexpressionoftheauthor’spersonalemotionsandopinions,withaprimaryfocuson“whatissaid”.Literaryworks,privateletters,etc.,mostlyfallintothiscategory.Informativetexts,ontheotherhand,mainlyservethefunctionofconveyingfactualinformation,concentratingon“whatisbeinginformed”.Examplesincludescientificandtechnicaldocuments,newsreports,businessdocuments,andsoon.Vocativetextsareaimedatpromptingreaderstotakeactionsorgeneratereactions,withthekeybeing“whateffectisachieved”.Typicalexamplesareadvertisingcopywriting,promotionalbrochures,instructionmanuals,etc.AccordingtoNewmark’sclassification,thesourcetextisaninformativetext,foritsmainpurposeistoprovideinformationonvariousaspectsofecommerce.Giventhatthesourcetextisaninformativetext,thetranslatorfocusedonaccuratelyconveyingtheoriginalinformationandensuringthatthetranslationcanclearlyandcompletelypresentthespecializedknowledgeinthefieldofecommercetomeetthetargetreaders’needs.StylisticFeaturesThewritingstyleofatextisadistinctmarker,reflectingtheauthor’slanguagehabits,expressivetechniques,andtextualconstruction.Analyzingthestylefromtheaspectsofvocabulary,sentencepatterns,andtextualstructureiscrucialasitdirectlyinfluencesthetranslationprocess.First,thelexicalfeatures.Thesourcetext,whichisdeeplyembeddedintheecommercefield,isrepletewithspecializedvocabulary.Thisincludestermsrelatedtomarketanalysis,marketingstrategies,businessmodels,andfinancialknowledge.Forexample,expressionslike“customerbase,”“vettingprocess,”and“businessmodel”arefrequentlyemployed.Thehighdegreeofspecializationinvocabularydemandsthatthetranslatorpossessaprofoundunderstandingofecommerceterminologiesinboththesourceandtargetlanguages.Precisetranslationofthesetermsisindispensableforaccuratelyconveyingthemeaningoftheoriginaltext.Employingincorrectorinappropriateequivalentscouldleadtomisinterpretationsamongtargetreaderswhoanticipateaccuratebusinessinformation.Moreover,thevocabularyinthesourcetextisfoundedonobjectivefactsanddata,devoidofpersonalemotionsandbiases.Wordsareselectedtopresentinformationinaneutralandreliablemanner.Thisobjectivityinvocabularyselectionimpliesthatthetranslatorshouldupholdasimilartoneinthetargettext,refrainingfromusingwordsthatmightintroducesubjectivityorprejudice.Second,thesyntacticfeatures.Thesentencesinthesourcetextoftenadheretoalogicalorder.Whenelaboratingonintricatebusinesstopics,sentencesarearrangedinsequencessuchasfromgeneraltospecific,frommaintosecondary,orfromphenomenontoessence.Forinstance,whenintroducingabusinessmodel,theauthormayfirststatethegeneralconceptandclassification,followedbydetailedcharacteristicsandoperationmethodsinsubsequentsentences.Intheprocessoftranslation,maintainingthislogicalflowisofutmostimportance.Thetranslatormustensurethatthesentenceorderinthetargettextislogicalandfacilitatesthetargetreaders’understandingofthecontentaseffectivelyasthesourcetextdoesforitsreaders.Inaddition,thelanguageinthesourcetextisconcise,eschewinglengthyandconvolutedexpressions.Short,lucidsentencesareutilizedtoefficientlyconveyinformation.Thischaracteristichasimplicationsfortranslation,asthetranslatorshouldstrivetoachieveacomparablelevelofconcisenessinthetargetlanguage.Undulywordytranslationscanobfuscatethemessageandrenderthetextlessaccessibletothetargetreaders,whoarelikelyseekingclear-cutbusinessknowledge.Third,thetextualfeatures.Thesourcetexttypicallyadoptswell-definedstructures,suchasthewhole-to-part-to-wholemodel,thewhole-to-partmodel,orthepart-to-wholemodel.Thisorganizedlayoutisinstrumentalinpresentingcomplexbusinesscontentinaclearandsystematicfashion.Duringtranslation,thetranslatorneedstoreplicatethisstructureinthetargettext.Awell-structuredtranslationnotonlyeasesthetargetreaders’followingoftheinformationflowbutalsoenablesthemtobettercomprehendtherelationshipsbetweendifferentcomponentsoftheecommerceknowledgebeingpresented.Furthermore,thereisastrongsenseofcohesionbetweenparagraphsinthesourcetext.Transitionsareseamless,andeachparagraphbuildsuponthepreviousonetodeveloptheoveralltopic.Maintainingthiscohesionisessentialintranslation.Theappropriateuseoftransitionalwordsandphrasesinthetargettextisnecessarytoensurethatthelogicalconnectionbetweenparagraphsisasclearasitisinthesourcetext.

II.TranslationDifficultiesThispartdelvesintothemajorchallengesthetranslatorhascomeacrosswhenhandlingtextsrelatedtoecommerce.Firstly,thetranslationofterminologiesposesachallenge.Secondly,thelogicofthesentenceinChineseandEnglishdifferssignificantly,makingtranslationdifficult.Finally,longsentencespresentdifficultiesingraspingthecoremeaning.Understandingthesechallengesiscrucialforproducinghigh-qualitytranslations.A.TerminologiesThefirstdifficultythatthetranslatorencountersinthetranslationisthetranslationofterminologies.Aterminologyisalexicalunitinacertainlanguagethatspecificallyreferstoageneral(abstractorconcrete)conceptinaparticularfieldofprofessionalknowledge-relatedactivities.2Vocabularyineverydaylanguageoftenhasawiderangeofmeaningsandiswidelyused.Intheory,itisimpossibletoaccuratelydefinespecializedconceptsandexpressuniquemeaningsinspecializedfields.Therefore,terminologyneedstobedistinguishedfromeverydaylanguageinmanycases.Inordertoensuretherigorandaccuracyofspecializedinformation,standardizedterminologiesmustbeusedwhenwritingspecializeddocumentsandconductingspecializedcommunications.HenryPerlmutterisanecommerceentrepreneurwithmorethan25yearsofexperienceinestablishinganddevelopingecommercecompanies.Helooksattheseecommerceissuesfromaprofessionalperspectiveandexplainsthemprofessionally,soitisinevitablethatsometerminologieswillappearinthebook.Formostpeoplewhodonothaveanecommercebackground,someterminologiesarecommonlyemployedandthusreadilycomprehensible,butthosethatareuncommonaremoredifficulttounderstand.Therefore,thetranslatorneedstouseappropriatemethodstotranslateterminologiesinthetranslationprocess,suchasliteraltranslationandfreetranslation.Taking“inventory”and“dropshipping”asexamples,theliteraltranslationof“inventory”and“inventorymanagement”isstraightforwardintheecommercefield,clearlyreferringtotheprocessofanenterprisehandlinggoodsprocurement,storage,andmanagement.However,aliteralrenderingof“dropshipping”as“directshipping”failstocaptureitsessence.Amorefittingfreetranslationis“aconsignment-basedmodelwheresuppliersdirectlyfulfillorders”.Inthismodel,merchants,especiallysmallecommercesellerslackingwarehousingcapabilities,entrustsupplierstodirectlyshipproductsontheirbehalf.Thisbypassestheneedforin-housestorage,thusreducingoperatingcostsandrisks.?It’sevidentthatwhentranslatingecommerceterms,translatorsmustcarefullychoosebetweenliteralandfreetranslation,consideringtheterm’snatureandcontext,toaccuratelyconveyinformationandhelpreadersunderstandprofessionalcontent.B.LogicoftheSentenceHowtorenderthelogicalstructureofsentencesintranslation?Theansweristoapplylogictothetranslationoftwolanguages,whichistranslationlogic.3TherearesignificantdifferencesintheusagehabitsbetweenChineseandEnglish,whichleadstogreatvariationsinhowthelogicofthesentenceisconstructedinthetwolanguages.Inthetranslationofthelogicofthesentence,althoughconnectivesandquantifiersarenotexplicitlymentionedinthedefinitionoflogicandlogictranslation,theirsignificancecanbeinferredfromtheabstractpropertiesofthesentences.Moreover,underappropriatecircumstances,translationscancaptureandreflecttheseelements.4Chinesehasfewchangesinvocabularymorphology,andmainlyreliesonthevocabularyitselfanditscollocationtoexpresslogicalrelationships.Englishcanutilizerichmorphologicalchangesinvocabularytoindicategrammarandlogic.Thesingularandpluralchangesofnounsandtheconversionofverbtensesandvoicescanconveydiversegrammaticalandsemanticnuances,whichinturninfluencethelogicofsentences.Inaddition,thepolysemyofEnglishvocabularyalsoincreasesthedifficultyoflogicalunderstanding.Thesamewordmayexpressdifferentmeaningsindifferentcontexts.Thesefactorsworktogethertomakethetranslationofthelogicofthesentenceaverychallengingpartofthetranslationprocess.C.LongSentencesLongsentencesusuallyrefertosentenceswithcomplexstructures,multiplemodifiers,clausesorsubordinateclauses,morewordsandrichsemantics.Themaincausalelementsareasfollows:inEnglish,variousclauses,suchasattributiveclauses,adverbialclauses,objectclauses,etc.,arefrequentlyusedtoqualifynouns,verbsortheentiresentenceinthesentence,makingthesentencestructurecomplex.Alargenumberofprepositionalphrases,participlephrasesandinfinitivephrasesarealsooftenusedtosupplementinformation,explainthebackgroundorexpressthepurpose,furtherlengtheningthesentence.Atthesametime,inordertoaccuratelyexplainthelogicalrelationshipbetweenthings,Englishalsousesconjunctionssuchascoordinatingconjunctionsandsubordinateconjunctionstocombinemultiplesimplesentencesintocomplexlongsentences.AlthoughChineserarelyusescomplexclausestructures,itorganizesaseriesofshortsentencesinchronologicalandlogicalorderinafluid,consecutivemannertoformlongersentenceswhenexpressingmultiplelayersofmeaning.Longsentencesbecomedifficulttotranslatebecausetheircomplexstructuremaymakeitdifficultforthetranslatortoaccuratelygraspthecoretrunkofthesentenceandthelogicalrelationshipbetweenthevariousparts.Thesentencestructuresandexpressionsofdifferentlanguage??varygreatly.Ifthetranslationiscarriedoutstrictlyfollowingthewordorderofthesourcetext,thetranslationmaynotalignwiththelinguisticexpressionsofthetargetlanguageandmayseemawkward,unclear,anddifficulttocomprehend.III.CorrespondingTranslationStrategiesThissectiondiscussesthetranslationstrategiesthatthetranslatorhasadopted.Fromthefundamentalyetcrucialchoicesbetweenliteralandfreetranslationforterminologies,tothemoresubtletechniquesofamplification,omission,andconversionforsentence-leveladjustments,andfurthertothestrategiesofsynchronizing,reversing,anddivisionforhandlinglongsentences,eachstrategyplaysapivotalrole.LiteralTranslationandFreeTranslationLiteraltranslationandfreetranslationaretwocrucialstrategiesforhandlingthetranslationofterminologies.Therationalapplicationofthesetwostrategiesenableseffectivesolutionstovarioustranslationchallenges.Subsequently,thetranslatorwilldelvedeepintothespecificapplicationsofliteraltranslationandfreetranslationinthetranslationofterminologies,conductingadetailedanalysisthroughrichandrepresentativeexamples.LiteralTranslationInthecaseoftranslatingterminology,thepreferredoptionisliteraltranslation.Itisdefinedasatranslationstrategyinwhichthetranslatormaintainsthestylisticandstructuralpropertiesofthesourcetextwhilegenerallymeetingthegrammaticalrequirementsofthetargetlanguage.5Inotherwords,translatetheterminologyliterallyaccordingtoitsliteralsense,withoutgoingagainstthegrammaticalprinciplesandexpressivecustomsofthetargetlanguage.Thisstrategycanreproducethelinguisticterminologiesofthesourcetext,anditisacceptabletothereadersofthetargetlanguage.6Example1:ST:Also,physicalgoodsoftencommandhigherperceivedvalue,allowingbusinessestopricethemaccordinglyandpotentiallyachievehigherprofitmargins.TT:并且，實體商品通常具有更高的感知價值，使企業(yè)可以據(jù)此合理定價，從而獲得更高的利潤率。Analysis:Inthissentence,“perceivedvalue”isliterallytranslatedas感知價值,and“profitmargins”isliterallytranslatedas利潤率.Theybothhavespecificmeaningsinthefieldsofbusinessandeconomics,andliteraltranslationcanpreservetheirtechnicalnature.Specifically,the感知價值thatconsumersattachtoaproductrepresentsapivotalconceptinmarketingandpricingstrategies,andliteraltranslationcanpreciselyconveythisprofessionalconnotation;andtheterm利潤率canbeaccuratelyunderstoodinscenariossuchasfinancialanalysisandcorporateoperationevaluation,avoidingconceptualdeviationsthatmaybecausedbyfreetranslation.Example2:ST:Moreover,piracyandunauthorizeddistributionposeriskstointellectualpropertyrights,requiringrobustdigitalrightsmanagement(DRM)solutionsandanti-piracymeasurestoprotectdigitalassets.TT:此外，盜版和未經(jīng)授權的傳播行為對知識產(chǎn)權構成風險，需要采取有力的數(shù)字版權管理（DRM）方式以及反盜版措施對數(shù)字資產(chǎn)加以保護。Analysis:Whentranslatingtheterminologies“intellectualpropertyrights”and“digitalrightsmanagement(DRM)”inthissentence,literaltranslationisadvisable.Inrelevantspecializedfields,literaltranslationofterminologieshasbecomepartoftherecognizedterminologysetup.Professionalshavebecomeaccustomedtousingliteraltranslationssuchas知識產(chǎn)權and數(shù)字版權管理（DRM）overalongperiodofpracticeandcommunication.Theliteraltranslationmethodcanmakethenewtextconsistentwiththeexistingspecializeddocuments,regulations,technicaldocuments,etc.intheuseofterminology,makingiteasierforpractitionerstosynthesizeandapplyknowledgebetweendifferentmaterials.FreeTranslationFreetranslationisdefinedasatranslationstrategythatconveysthecontentofthesourcelanguagetermwithoutbeingboundbyitsgrammaticalform.7Itfocusesonconveyingthecoremeaningofthesourcetext,sothatthetranslationismoreinlinewiththeidiomaticexpressionsandculturalbackgroundofthetargetlanguage.Thisstrategydoesnotseekaone-to-onecorrespondencewiththevocabularyinthesourcetext,butrathercomprehensivelygraspsthesemanticsandlogicofthesourcetextandpresentsitinanaturalandfluentwayinthetargetlanguage.Moreover,accordingtoXinNa,freetranslationoftermscanwellconveythebasicconnotationoftheoriginaltermandensuretheclosesimilarityofthemeaningofthebilingualterms,whichisthemainstrategyoftermtranslation.8Example3:ST:INVENTORYVS.DROP-SHIPPINGTT:庫存模式與代發(fā)貨模式Analysis:DROP-SHIPPINGcanbetranslatedas代發(fā)貨模式.Inthespecializedcontextofecommerceoperations,“INVENTORY”representstheoperationmodelinwhichmerchantspurchaseandstoregoodsontheirown.Onthecontrary,“DROP-SHIPPING”isasupplychainmanagementmodelinwhichmerchantsdonotstockupongoods,andsuppliersdirectlysendproductstocustomers.Byadoptingthefreetranslationof代發(fā)貨模式,onecanaccuratelyconveyitsspecializedmeaningintheecommerceindustry.Example4:ST:PowerLawDistributionTT:冪律分布Analysis:Inthespecializedfield,“PowerLawDistribution”isaspecificmathematicaldistributionform,whichreflectsthedistributioncharacteristicsofapowerfunctionrelationshipbetweenonevariableandanotherinmanynaturalandsocialphenomena.Thefreetranslationof冪律分布canaccuratelycorrespondtothisprofessionalconcept.冪律directlyreflectsitsmathematicalessenceandisacommonlyusedterminologyintheprofessionalfield.Example5:ST:Itservesasthedigitalembodimentofabrick-and-mortarstore,accessibletoanyone,anywhere,atanytime.TT:作為實體店的數(shù)字化形態(tài)，網(wǎng)站使得實體店對于任何人來說都可在任何時間、任何地點觸手可及。Analys