2026年技術(shù)翻譯考試大綱及題庫(kù)一、英譯漢（共20題，每題5分，共100分）1.人工智能與醫(yī)療技術(shù)題目1（5分）：TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:"Artificialintelligence(AI)isrevolutionizinghealthcarebyenablingearlydiseasedetection,personalizedtreatmentplans,andefficientmedicaldiagnostics.Forinstance,AI-poweredimagingtoolscanidentifysubtleanomaliesinMRIscanswithhigheraccuracythanhumanradiologists.However,ethicalconcerns,suchasdataprivacyandalgorithmicbias,remainsignificantchallengesthatneedtobeaddressed."答案1：人工智能（AI）正通過(guò)實(shí)現(xiàn)早期疾病檢測(cè)、個(gè)性化治療方案和高效的醫(yī)療診斷，推動(dòng)醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的變革。例如，AI驅(qū)動(dòng)的影像工具在識(shí)別MRI掃描中的細(xì)微異常方面的準(zhǔn)確度高于人類放射科醫(yī)生。然而，數(shù)據(jù)隱私和算法偏見等倫理問(wèn)題仍然是亟待解決的重大挑戰(zhàn)。解析1：本句涉及科技領(lǐng)域術(shù)語(yǔ)，需準(zhǔn)確翻譯"revolutionizinghealthcare"（推動(dòng)...變革）、"subtleanomalies"（細(xì)微異常）等關(guān)鍵表述。注意"ethicalconcerns"的語(yǔ)境處理，采用"倫理問(wèn)題"符合中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣。題目2（5分）：TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:"Theintegrationof5Gtechnologyintosmartfactoriesenhancesreal-timecommunicationbetweensensorsandmachines,enablingpredictivemaintenanceandoptimizingproductionefficiency.Despiteitspotential,thehighcostof5Ginfrastructureandtheneedforspecializedtrainingforworkersmayhinderitswidespreadadoptionindevelopingcountries."答案2：將5G技術(shù)融入智能工廠可增強(qiáng)傳感器與機(jī)器之間的實(shí)時(shí)通信，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)測(cè)性維護(hù)并優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)效率。盡管其潛力巨大，但5G基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的高成本以及工人需要接受專業(yè)培訓(xùn)的需求可能阻礙其在發(fā)展中國(guó)家的廣泛普及。解析2："Predictivemaintenance"譯為"預(yù)測(cè)性維護(hù)"是行業(yè)通用譯法。注意"highcostof5Ginfrastructure"的定語(yǔ)從句處理，中文采用前置修飾更自然。題目3（5分）：TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:"Quantumcomputingholdsthepromiseofsolvingcomplexcomputationalproblemsmuchfasterthanclassicalcomputers.Forexample,itcouldacceleratedrugdiscoverybysimulatingmolecularinteractionsatanatomiclevel.However,thetechnologyisstillinitsinfancy,requiringsignificantadvancementsinquantumerrorcorrectionandenergyefficiency."答案3：量子計(jì)算有望以遠(yuǎn)超傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)的速度解決復(fù)雜的計(jì)算問(wèn)題。例如，它可通過(guò)在原子層面模擬分子相互作用，加速藥物研發(fā)。然而，該技術(shù)仍處于起步階段，亟需在量子糾錯(cuò)和能源效率方面取得重大突破。解析3："Quantumerrorcorrection"譯為"量子糾錯(cuò)"是專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)。注意長(zhǎng)句拆分，將英文復(fù)合句按中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣分解為短句。題目4（5分）：TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:"Blockchaintechnology,originallydevelopedforcryptocurrencies,hasfoundapplicationsinsupplychainmanagement,votingsystems,andintellectualpropertyprotection.Itsdecentralizednatureensurestransparencyandreducestheriskoffraud,makingitagame-changerinindustriesrequiringhighlevelsoftrust."答案4：區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)最初為加密貨幣開發(fā)，現(xiàn)已在供應(yīng)鏈管理、投票系統(tǒng)和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)等領(lǐng)域得到應(yīng)用。其去中心化特性確保透明度并降低欺詐風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，使其成為需要高度信任的行業(yè)變革者。解析4："Decentralizednature"譯為"去中心化特性"符合行業(yè)用語(yǔ)。注意被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換為主動(dòng)表述，如"hasfoundapplications"譯為"得到應(yīng)用"。題目5（5分）：TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:"Dronesequippedwiththermalcamerasareincreasinglyusedforprecisionagriculture,disasterresponse,andinfrastructureinspection.Theseunmannedaerialvehicles(UAVs)canmonitorcrophealth,assessdamageafternaturaldisasters,anddetectstructuralweaknessesinbridgesandbuildings,therebyimprovingsafetyandreducinginspectioncosts."答案5：配備熱成像儀的無(wú)人機(jī)在精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)、災(zāi)害響應(yīng)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施檢查等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用日益廣泛。這些無(wú)人機(jī)可監(jiān)測(cè)作物健康、評(píng)估自然災(zāi)害后的損害、檢測(cè)橋梁和建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷，從而提升安全性并降低檢查成本。解析5："Unmannedaerialvehicles(UAVs)"譯為"無(wú)人機(jī)"是通用譯法。注意長(zhǎng)句的成分重組，如將"therebyimprovingsafety"獨(dú)立成短句。二、漢譯英（共20題，每題5分，共100分）1.新能源與環(huán)境保護(hù)題目6（5分）：TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:"光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)近年來(lái)取得了顯著進(jìn)展，其成本大幅下降，已成為許多國(guó)家能源轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵選擇。然而，光伏板的回收處理問(wèn)題仍需政府和企業(yè)共同解決。"答案6：Photovoltaicpowergenerationtechnologyhasmadesignificantprogressinrecentyears,withcostsdecreasingsubstantially,makingitakeychoiceforenergytransitioninmanycountries.However,therecyclinganddisposalofsolarpanelsstillrequirejointeffortsfromgovernmentsandenterprises.解析6："光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)"譯為"Photovoltaicpowergenerationtechnology"，"能源轉(zhuǎn)型"譯為"energytransition"。注意被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換為主動(dòng)，如"仍需解決"譯為"stillrequire"。題目7（5分）：TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:"氫燃料電池作為一種清潔能源，具有零排放、高效率等優(yōu)勢(shì)，被視為未來(lái)交通領(lǐng)域的重要發(fā)展方向。但目前氫氣的制取和儲(chǔ)存技術(shù)仍面臨挑戰(zhàn)。"答案7：Hydrogenfuelcells,asacleanenergysource,offeradvantagessuchaszeroemissionsandhighefficiency,makingthemasignificantdevelopmentdirectionforfuturetransportation.However,theproductionandstoragetechnologiesforhydrogengasstillfacechallenges.解析7："氫燃料電池"譯為"Hydrogenfuelcells"。注意復(fù)合句的拆分，將中文長(zhǎng)句按英文習(xí)慣分解為兩個(gè)句子。題目8（5分）：TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:"電動(dòng)汽車的普及需要完善的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施支持，包括充電樁的布局和電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)的升級(jí)。否則，消費(fèi)者的使用體驗(yàn)將大打折扣。"答案8：Thepopularizationofelectricvehiclesrequiresrobustinfrastructuresupport,includingthelayoutofchargingstationsandtheupgradingofpowernetworks.Otherwise,consumerexperiencewillbesignificantlycompromised.解析8："充電樁"譯為"chargingstations"。注意中文隱含條件句的顯化，如"否則"譯為"Otherwise"。2.中國(guó)制造業(yè)與全球化題目9（5分）：TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:"中國(guó)正推動(dòng)制造業(yè)向智能化、綠色化轉(zhuǎn)型，旨在提升產(chǎn)品附加值并減少環(huán)境污染。這需要企業(yè)加大研發(fā)投入，優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)流程。"答案9：Chinaispromotingthetransformationofitsmanufacturingindustrytowardintelligenceandgreendevelopment,aimingtoenhanceproductvalue-addedandreduceenvironmentalpollution.ThisrequiresenterprisestoincreaseR&Dinvestmentandoptimizeproductionprocesses.解析9："智能化、綠色化轉(zhuǎn)型"譯為"intelligenceandgreendevelopment"。注意中文四字格的英譯處理。題目10（5分）：TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:"隨著全球貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義抬頭，中國(guó)制造業(yè)面臨的外部挑戰(zhàn)增多。企業(yè)需增強(qiáng)供應(yīng)鏈韌性，以應(yīng)對(duì)市場(chǎng)波動(dòng)和地緣政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。"答案10：Withtheriseofglobaltradeprotectionism,China'smanufacturingindustryfacesincreasingexternalchallenges.Enterprisesneedtoenhancesupplychainresiliencetocopewithmarketfluctuationsandgeopoliticalrisks.解析10："供應(yīng)鏈韌性"譯為"supplychainresilience"。注意抽象概念的準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)。3.地域與行業(yè)特色題目11（5分）：TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:"長(zhǎng)三角地區(qū)在集成電路產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚了眾多龍頭企業(yè)，其研發(fā)投入占全國(guó)總量的40%以上。這一產(chǎn)業(yè)集群為區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展提供了重要支撐。"答案11：TheYangtzeRiverDeltaregionishometonumerousleadingenterprisesinthesemiconductorindustry,withR&Dinvestmentaccountingforover40%ofthenationaltotal.Thisindustrialclusterprovidescrucialsupportforhigh-qualityeconomicdevelopmentintheregion.解析11："集成電路產(chǎn)業(yè)"譯為"semiconductorindustry"。注意地域?qū)Ｓ忻~的準(zhǔn)確處理。題目12（5分）：TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish:"粵港澳大灣區(qū)正探索跨境金融合作新模式，以促進(jìn)人民幣國(guó)際化進(jìn)程。香港作為國(guó)際金融中心，在其中扮演著關(guān)鍵角色。"答案12：TheGreaterBayAreaisexploringnewmodelsofcross-borderfinancialcooperationtopromotetheinternationalizationoftheChineseyuan.Asaninternationalfinancialcenter,HongKongplaysapivotalroleinthisprocess.解析12："人民幣國(guó)際化"譯為"internationalizationoftheChineseyuan"。注意專有名詞的準(zhǔn)確譯法。三、術(shù)語(yǔ)翻譯（共10題，每題2分，共20分）1.科技領(lǐng)域術(shù)語(yǔ)題目13（2分）：Translate:"5Gnetwork"→_______答案13：5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)題目14（2分）：Translate:"blockchaintechnology"→_______答案14：區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)題目15（2分）：Translate:"quantumcomputing"→_______答案15：量子計(jì)算2.醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域術(shù)語(yǔ)題目16（2分）：Translate:"artificialintelligence(AI)"→_______答案16：人工智能（AI）題目17（2分）：Translate:"predictivemaintenance"→_______答案17：預(yù)測(cè)性維護(hù)題目18（2分）：Translate:"thermalimaging"→_______答案18：熱成像3.制造業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)題目19（2分）：Translate:"supplychainresilience"→_______答案19：供應(yīng)鏈韌性題目20（2分）：Translate:"intelligentmanufacturing"→_______答案20：智能制造答案與解析：英譯漢答案與解析：1.人工智能通過(guò)實(shí)現(xiàn)早期疾病檢測(cè)、個(gè)性化治療方案和高效的醫(yī)療診斷，推動(dòng)醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的變革。例如，AI驅(qū)動(dòng)的影像工具在識(shí)別MRI掃描中的細(xì)微異常方面的準(zhǔn)確度高于人類放射科醫(yī)生。然而，數(shù)據(jù)隱私和算法偏見等倫理問(wèn)題仍然是亟待解決的重大挑戰(zhàn)。解析：準(zhǔn)確翻譯科技術(shù)語(yǔ)，如"revolutionizinghealthcare"譯為"推動(dòng)...變革"。2.將5G技術(shù)融入智能工廠可增強(qiáng)傳感器與機(jī)器之間的實(shí)時(shí)通信，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)測(cè)性維護(hù)并優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)效率。盡管其潛力巨大，但5G基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的高成本以及工人需要接受專業(yè)培訓(xùn)的需求可能阻礙其在發(fā)展中國(guó)家的廣泛普及。解析：注意復(fù)合句的拆分，如"despiteitspotential"譯為"盡管其潛力巨大"。3.量子計(jì)算有望以遠(yuǎn)超傳統(tǒng)計(jì)算機(jī)的速度解決復(fù)雜的計(jì)算問(wèn)題。例如，它可通過(guò)在原子層面模擬分子相互作用，加速藥物研發(fā)。然而，該技術(shù)仍處于起步階段，亟需在量子糾錯(cuò)和能源效率方面取得重大突破。解析：專業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)如"quantumerrorcorrection"譯為"量子糾錯(cuò)"。4.區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)最初為加密貨幣開發(fā)，現(xiàn)已在供應(yīng)鏈管理、投票系統(tǒng)和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)等領(lǐng)域得到應(yīng)用。其去中心化特性確保透明度并降低欺詐風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，使其成為需要高度信任的行業(yè)變革者。解析：注意被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換，如"hasfoundapplications"譯為"得到應(yīng)用"。5.配備熱成像儀的無(wú)人機(jī)在精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)、災(zāi)害響應(yīng)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施檢查等領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用日益廣泛。這些無(wú)人機(jī)可監(jiān)測(cè)作物健康、評(píng)估自然災(zāi)害后的損害、檢測(cè)橋梁和建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)缺陷，從而提升安全性并降低檢查成本。解析：復(fù)合句拆分，如"therebyimprovingsafety"譯為"從而提升安全性"。漢譯英答案與解析：6.Photovoltaicpowergenerationtechnologyhasmadesignificantprogressinrecentyears,withcostsdecreasingsubstantially,makingitakeychoiceforenergytransitioninmanycountries.However,therecyclinganddisposalofsolarpanelsstillrequirejointeffortsfromgovernmentsandenterprises.解析：準(zhǔn)確翻譯科技術(shù)語(yǔ)，如"光伏發(fā)電"譯為"Photovoltaicpowergeneration"。7.Hydrogenfuelcells,asacleanenergysource,offeradvantagessuchaszeroemissionsandhighefficiency,makingthemasignificantdevelopmentdirectionforfuturetransportation.However,theproductionandstoragetechnologiesforhydrogengasstillfacechallenges.解析：注意被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換，如"被視為"譯為"makingthem"。8.Thepopularizationofelectricvehiclesrequiresrobustinfrastructuresupport,includingthelayoutofchargingstationsandtheupgradingofpowernetworks.Otherwise,consumerexperiencewillbesignificantlycompromised.解析：中文隱含條件句的顯化，如"否則"譯為"Otherwise"。9.Chinaispromotingthetransformationofitsmanufacturingindustrytowardintelligenceandgreendevelopment,aimingtoenhanceproductvalue-addedandreduceenvironmentalpollution.ThisrequiresenterprisestoincreaseR&Dinvestmentandoptimizeproductionprocesses.解析：四字格的英譯處理，如"智能化、綠色化轉(zhuǎn)型"譯為"intelligenceandgreendevelopment"。10.Withtheriseofglobaltradeprotectionism,China'smanufacturingindustryfacesincreasingexternalchallenges.Enterprisesneedtoenhancesupplychainresiliencetocopewithmarketfluctuationsandgeopoliticalrisks.解析：抽象概念的準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)，如"供應(yīng)鏈韌性"譯為"supplychainresilience"。11.The