高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省滄州市四校聯(lián)考2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期11月期中英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AChildren’sDiscoveryMuseumGeneralInformationaboutGroupPlayPricingGroupPlay$7/personScholarshipsWeofferscholarshipstolow-incomeschoolsandyouthorganizations,subjecttoavailability.Participationinapost-visitsurveyisrequired.ScholarshipsareforGroupPlayadmissionfeesand/ortransportation.Transportationinvoices(發(fā)票)mustbereceivedwithin60daysofyourvisittoguaranteethescholarship.GroupSizeWerequireonechaperone(監(jiān)護(hù)人)pertenchildren.Failuretoprovideenoughchaperoneswillresultinanextrachargeof$50perabsentadult.GroupPlayisforgroupsof10ormorewithalimitof35people.Forgroupsof35ormore,pleasecalltodiscussoptions.HoursTheMuseumisopendailyfrom9:30amto4:30pm.GroupPlaymaybescheduledduringanydayortimetheMuseumisopen.RegistrationPolicyRegistrationmustbemadeatleasttwoweeksinadvance.RegisteronlineorfilloutaGroupPlayRegistrationFormwithmultipledateandstarttimeoptions.Oncetheregistrationformisreceivedandprocessed,wewillsendaconfirmationemailwithintwobusinessdays.Guidelines●Teachersandchaperonesshouldmodelgoodbehaviorforthegroupandremainwithstudentsatalltimes.●ChildrenarenotallowedunaccompaniedinallareasoftheMuseum.●Childrenshouldplaynicelywitheachotherandexhibits.●UseyourindoorvoicewhenattheMuseum.1.Whatdoesagroupneedtodoiftheyareofferedascholarship?A.Prepaytheadmissionfees. B.UsetheMuseum’stransportation.C.Takeasurveyafterthevisit. D.Scheduletheirvisitonweekdays.2.Howmanychaperonesareneededforagroupof30childrentovisittheMuseum?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.3.WhatarechildrenprohibitedfromdoingattheMuseum?A.Usingthecomputer. B.Talkingwitheachother.C.Touchingtheexhibits. D.Exploringtheplacealone.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章提供了關(guān)于兒童博物館團(tuán)體游的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Scholarship標(biāo)題下“Weofferscholarshipstolow-incomeschoolsandyouthorganizations,subjecttoavailability.Participationinapost-visitsurveyisrequired.(我們會(huì)視情況而定，為低收入學(xué)校和青年組織提供獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，并需要其參與訪問后調(diào)查問卷)”可知，如果一個(gè)團(tuán)體獲得了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，需要在參加一個(gè)訪后的調(diào)查問卷，與選項(xiàng)C“Takeasurveyafterthevisit.(接受參觀后的問卷調(diào)查)”屬于同義替換，故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“GroupSize”標(biāo)題下“Werequireonechaperone(監(jiān)護(hù)人)pertenchildren.(我們要求每十個(gè)孩子有一個(gè)監(jiān)護(hù)人)”可知，10個(gè)孩子需要1個(gè)監(jiān)護(hù)人，那么30個(gè)孩子則需要3個(gè)監(jiān)護(hù)人。故選C。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Guidelines”標(biāo)題下“ChildrenarenotallowedunaccompaniedinallareasoftheMuseum.(無人陪伴的兒童不得進(jìn)入博物館的所有區(qū)域)”可知，兒童必須在監(jiān)護(hù)人陪伴下才能進(jìn)入博物館，即兒童不能單獨(dú)進(jìn)入博物館進(jìn)行探索。與選項(xiàng)D“Exploringtheplacealone.(獨(dú)自探索博物館)”屬于同義替換，故選D。BTurning18isabigdealwhenyouareateenager.Itmeansyouareresponsibleforyourselfanddon’tneedyourparents’permissionanymore.However,therearelotsofopinionsaboutwhenonebecomesanadult.Somearebasedonscience,whileothersarepersonalopinions.Whilecurrentlytheageis18,sciencesupports25asamoresensibleageforadulthood,andIagree.Whilestudyingthebrainofteenagers,scientistshavelearnedthatwhenkidsarearoundl8,theirprefrontalcortex(前額皮層)isonlyhalfwaydeveloped.Theprefrontal-cortexhelpspeoplesetandachievegoalsbyreceivingsignalsfromdifferentregionsofthebraintoprocessinformationandadaptingaccordingly.Thathalfwaydevelopmentmeansthatyoustillhavethingstolearnandyourbrainsstillhavetimetodevelopuntiltheageof25.Somepeoplethinkgoingofftocollegeandlivingonyourownqualify(使……具有資格)sanadult,whileothersmaybelievehavingasteadyincomeandbeingabletoaffordtoliveonyourownarewhatmakeyouanadult.Noteveryonehasafortunatelifewheretheyhavefamilythatcanprovidesupport;therearesituationswhereyouareforcedtobecomean“adult”whetheryoulikeitornot.Inthefostercare(寄養(yǎng))system,onceachildturns18,heorsheisconsideredanadultandcannolongerreceivestate-sponsoredsupport.Thesechildrenareforcedintoalifewheretheyhavenofamilyoranyonetosupportthemotherthanthosewhoweretherefortheminthesystem.Havingaqualityjobwillallowyoutosupplyyourselfwithnecessarythingstoliveandhelpyoubecomeamorematureandresponsibleperson.Also,goingthroughdifficulttimesandrealizinglifeisn’taseasyasitseems,shouldqualifysomeoneasanadult.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardconsidering25asanageforadulthood?A.Cautious. B.Uncaring. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.5.Howdoestheprefrontalcortexworktohelppeoplesetandachievegoals?A.Bydealingwithreceivedsignalsandrespondingaccordingly.B.Bycollectinginformationfromotherpartsofthebody.C.BysendinginstructionstodifferentregionsofthebrainD.Bytransportingsensedemotionsandmakingrecords6.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?A.Giveadefinitionofadulthood.B.Stresstheimportanceoffamilysupport.C.Provenoteveryonelivesafortunatelife.D.Showopiniononbecominganadultisdivided7.Whatisonestandardqualifyingyouasanadultaccordingtotheauthor?A.Settingupafamily.B.Beingresponsibleforyourstudy.C.Acceptingandlearningfromthelowmomentsinlife.D.Buyingyourselfqualitythingstolive.【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章介紹關(guān)于什么時(shí)候算是成年了，人們有著不同的觀點(diǎn)，有些觀點(diǎn)是根據(jù)科學(xué)理論，而有些是個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，作者也提出了自己的見解。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whilecurrentlytheageis18,sciencesupports25asamoresensibleageforadulthood,andIagree.(雖然目前的年齡是18歲，但科學(xué)支持25歲是更明智的成年年齡，我同意這一觀點(diǎn)。)”可知，對(duì)于將25歲視為成年年齡，作者是持肯定態(tài)度的。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theprefrontal-cortexhelpspeoplesetandachievegoalsbyreceivingsignalsfromdifferentregionsofthebraintoprocessinformationandadaptingaccordingly.(前額葉皮層通過接收來自大腦不同區(qū)域的信號(hào)來處理信息，從而幫助人們?cè)O(shè)定和實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。)”可知，前額葉皮層要處理來自大腦不同區(qū)域的信息，并根據(jù)這些信息幫助人們?cè)O(shè)定和實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“Somepeoplethinkgoingofftocollegeandlivingonyourownqualify(使…具有資格)sanadult,whileothersmaybelievehavingasteadyincomeandbeingabletoaffordtoliveonyourownarewhatmakeyouanadult.Noteveryonehasafortunatelifewheretheyhavefamilythatcanprovidesupport;therearesituationswhereyouareforcedtobecomean“adult”whetheryoulikeitornot.(有些人認(rèn)為上大學(xué)和獨(dú)立生活是成年人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而另一些人可能認(rèn)為有穩(wěn)定的收入和能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起獨(dú)立生活是成年人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。不是每個(gè)人都有幸運(yùn)的生活，有家人可以提供支持；有些情況下，不管你喜歡與否，你都被迫成為一個(gè)“成年人”。)”可以推論出，此處作者是為了表明對(duì)于什么時(shí)候算是成年人了，人們的觀點(diǎn)是有分歧的。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Also,goingthroughdifficulttimesandrealizinglifeisn’taseasyasitseems,shouldqualifysomeoneasanadult.(此外，經(jīng)歷困難時(shí)期并意識(shí)到生活并不像看上去那么容易，可以讓一個(gè)人成為成年人。)”可知，在生活中經(jīng)歷了低谷時(shí)期，且能從中學(xué)習(xí)的人，算是成年人了。故選C項(xiàng)。CGettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchKinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidtheKingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,theKingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.Thoughthebeliefintheassetofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboureversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea:clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist(免疫學(xué)家)encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.8.WhydidtheKingofFranceclosethebathhousesinthe16thcentury?A.Helivedhealthilyinadirtyenvironment.B.Hethoughtbathhousesweretoodirtytostayin.C.Hebelieveddiseasecouldbespreadinpublicbaths.D.Heconsideredbathingasthecauseofskindisease.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“asset”inparagraph3mean?A.Advantage. B.Lack. C.Development. D.Shortcoming.10.Howdoesthetextmainlydevelop?A.Byprovidingexamples. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime. D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tostresstheroleofdirt.B.Tointroducethehistoryofdirt.C.Tocallattentiontothedangerofdirt.D.Topresentthechangeofviewsondirt.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了人們對(duì)污垢的態(tài)度并非固定不變，從16世紀(jì)認(rèn)為污垢能抵御疾病，到18世紀(jì)后認(rèn)為清潔有益健康，再到如今觀點(diǎn)仍有分歧的演變過程?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchKinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.(在16世紀(jì)早期，人們認(rèn)為皮膚上的污垢是抵御疾病的一種手段，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)的醫(yī)學(xué)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，用熱水洗掉污垢會(huì)使皮膚張開，讓疾病侵入。公共浴室被認(rèn)為存在特別的危險(xiǎn)。到1538年，法國(guó)國(guó)王關(guān)閉了王國(guó)里的浴室。)”可知，法國(guó)國(guó)王關(guān)閉浴室是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為公共浴室可能會(huì)傳播疾病。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.(在16世紀(jì)早期，人們認(rèn)為皮膚上的污垢是抵御疾病的一種手段，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)的醫(yī)學(xué)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，用熱水洗掉污垢會(huì)使皮膚毛孔張開，讓疾病侵入。)”以及第三段中的“Thoughthebeliefintheassetofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboureversincethe18thcentury.(盡管對(duì)污垢價(jià)值的信念由來已久，但自18世紀(jì)以來，污垢不再被視為友好的伙伴。)”可知，16世紀(jì)人們認(rèn)為污垢有抵御疾病的好處，這種信念持續(xù)了很久，因此“asset”意為“好處、優(yōu)勢(shì)”，與“Advantage”含義一致。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Intheearly16thcentury(在16世紀(jì)早期)”“By1538(到1538年)”以及“in1546(在1546年)”，第三段中的“sincethe18thcentury(自18世紀(jì)以來)”和“sinceWorldWarⅡ(自二戰(zhàn)以來)”，以及第四段中的“nowadays(如今)”可知，文章按照時(shí)間順序展開，介紹了不同時(shí)期人們對(duì)污垢的態(tài)度變化。故選C項(xiàng)。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其第一段“Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.(在大多數(shù)人看來，清除污垢是一件好事。然而，人們對(duì)污垢的態(tài)度并非一成不變。)”以及尾段中的“Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.(如今，人們對(duì)污垢的態(tài)度仍然大相徑庭。)”可知，文章核心是呈現(xiàn)人們對(duì)污垢觀點(diǎn)的演變，因此作者的寫作目的是介紹人們對(duì)污垢看法的變化。故選D項(xiàng)。DWhatisthefutureofartificialintelligence(AI)?Willitbepossibleforrobotstobeautonomous?Ifso,whenwillthathappenandwillitbeagoodthing?Weaskedfourexpertswhattheythink.ExpertA:IwouldsaythatwearequitealongwayoffdevelopingthecomputingpowerforfullyautonomousAI.Wewillprobablyremainincontroloftechnology.However,noonereallyknowswhatwillhappenifmachinesbecomemoreintelligentthanhumans.Theymayhelpus,ignoreusordestroyus.ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives.ExpertB:Ihavetoadmitthatthepotentialconsequencesofcreatingsomethingthatcanmatchorsurpasshumanintelligencefrightenme.Atsomepointinthenearfuture,theirintelligencemaywelltakeoffanddevelopatanever-increasingspeed.Intheshortterm,thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs,creatingalargenumberofunemployedpeople.ExpertC:Personally,Ithinkit’sfascinatingtoconsiderhowwe’llspeedupourevolutionasaspeciesbyimprovingourbodies.Imagineifyoucouldputacomputerinsideourbrain!Soonwe’llbeabletodojustthatandenhanceourmathematicalabilityandourmemory,andthisideaisonlygoingtobecomemoreandmorecommon.AIisalsopoppingupintheworldaroundus.Granted,therehavebeenafewproblems.Butprogressalwayscomesatacost,andformetheadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.ExpertD:I’mamemberoftheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots.Thinkofwhat’shappeningrightnow:militarymachinesarealreadybeingusedtokillwithverylittlehumaninput.Thenextstepwillbeautonomous“murderbots”,followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.Itseemscleartomethatthiswouldbecompletelydangerousforhumanity.Weneedtobeverycautiousindeedaboutwhatweaskmachinestodo.12.WhatisExpertA’sattitudetowardsthefutureofAI?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Critical. D.Doubtful.13.WhatisExpertBfrightenedof?A.Highfutureunemployment. B.Humanintelligenceinthefuture.C.Large-scalepovertyandsocialunrest. D.Humanintelligence’sbeingovercome.14.WhothinksautonomousAIdoesmoregoodthanharm?A.ExpertA. B.ExpertB. C.ExpertC. D.ExpertD.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AI:FriendsorEnemies? B.Technology:SafeorDangerous?C.TheGoodInfluenceofAI D.TheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇議論文，文章主要討論了人工智能對(duì)我們未來生活的影響。有的專家認(rèn)為人工智能會(huì)給我們帶來更多的好處，而有的專家則對(duì)人工智能的影響表示擔(dān)憂?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ExpertA的觀點(diǎn)“ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives.(我傾向于認(rèn)為人工智能將對(duì)我們未來的生活產(chǎn)生積極影響。)”可知，專家A對(duì)人工智能的未來持積極態(tài)度。故選A。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ExpertB的表述“Ihavetoadmitthatthepotentialconsequencesofcreatingsomethingthatcanmatchorsurpasshumanintelligencefrightenme.(我必須承認(rèn)，創(chuàng)造出能夠匹敵或超越人類智能的事物，其潛在后果讓我感到恐懼。)”可知，專家B害怕的是人類智能被人工智能超越。故選D。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ExpertC的觀點(diǎn)“Butprogressalwayscomesatacost,andformetheadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.(但進(jìn)步總是要付出代價(jià)的，對(duì)我來說，優(yōu)勢(shì)遠(yuǎn)大于劣勢(shì)。)”可知，專家C認(rèn)為自主人工智能利大于弊。故選C。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。文章核心圍繞人工智能的未來展開，通過四位專家的觀點(diǎn)呈現(xiàn)了對(duì)人工智能的不同態(tài)度——有積極認(rèn)可（專家A、C），也有擔(dān)憂警惕（專家B、D），本質(zhì)是探討人工智能對(duì)人類而言是朋友還是敵人?！癆I：朋友還是敵人？”符合主題，適合用作標(biāo)題，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AreYourClothesCausingPollution?Verysmallpiecesofplastic,calledmicrofibers,arepollutingriversandoceans.___16___

Clotheswornforoutdooractivitiesandexerciseareoftenmadeofartificialmaterial,whichisusefulinkeepingwarm.Buttheycontainverysmallplasticfibers,whichmayalsobeharmingtheenvironmentwhenyouwashthem.Whenpeoplewashtheseclothes,verysmallpiecesgodownthedrainwiththewashwater.___17___Pollutioncausedbyplasticisnotnew,butrecentstudieshaveshowntheeffectofmicrofibersintheenvironment.Studiesshowverysmallmicrofibersareendingupinourwaters,whichmaycomefromwastewatertreatmentfactories.A2015studyfoundtheminfishfromCalifornia.Microfibers,effectonfoodsupplies.Beyondthewaterways,theresearcherssaymicrofibersmayendupinsoilandagriculturallands.___18___Thismeansthereismuchtobelearnedaboutmicrofibersandtheenvironment.Somestudieshaveshownthatmicrofibersendupinsideseaanimals,likeoysters.___19___

Researcherssaythatthefiberstendnottomoveintothetissueofthefish,butitneedsmorestudy.Stepstosaveorkeepmicrofibersfromtheenvironment.Untilmoreinformationbecomesknown,therearestepstotaketoreducetheamountofmicrofibersintheenvironment.Peopleshoulduselessoftheartificialmaterials.Ifwealreadyhavethoseinourlivesandwe'reusingthem,animportantstepwouldbewashingthemless.___20___

Abagisbeingdesignedinwhichtowashtheseclothes.Ittrapsthemicrofibersinthebaganditmaybeavailableforpurchasesoon.A.Newtechnologymayalsohelp.B.Studiesonmicrofibersintheenvironment.C.Theycanalsomovearoundtheatmosphere.D.Studiesonhowmuchofthemicrofibersisreleased.E.Thesourceofthesemicrofibersmaysurpriseyou:yourclothes.F.Washingmachineskeepmicrofibersfromescapingwithwashwater.G.Soifthesemicrofibershavebeenfoundinfishandseafood,aretheysafetoeat?【答案】16.E17.B18.C19.G20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。非常小的塑料碎片，稱為超細(xì)纖維，是污染河流和海洋。這些超細(xì)纖維的來源可能會(huì)讓你大吃一驚：你的衣服?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“AreYourClothesCausingPollution?Verysmallpiecesofplastic,calledmicrofibers,arepollutingriversandoceans.(你的衣服會(huì)造成污染嗎？被稱為微纖維的非常小的塑料碎片正在污染河流和海洋)”以及下文“Buttheycontainverysmallplasticfibers,whichmayalsobeharmingtheenvironmentwhenyouwashthem.(但它們含有非常小的塑料纖維，在清洗時(shí)也可能對(duì)環(huán)境有害)”可知，本句是在說明衣服中這些超細(xì)纖維污染環(huán)境。故E選項(xiàng)“這些微纖維的來源可能會(huì)讓你感到驚訝：你的衣服”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Pollutioncausedbyplasticisnotnew,butrecentstudieshaveshowntheeffectofmicrofibersintheenvironment.Studiesshowverysmallmicrofibersareendingupinourwaters,whichmaycomefromwastewatertreatmentfactories.A2015studyfoundtheminfishfromCalifornia.(塑料造成的污染并不新鮮，但最近的研究表明，微纖維對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。研究表明，非常小的微纖維最終會(huì)出現(xiàn)在我們的水中，它們可能來自污水處理廠。2015年的一項(xiàng)研究在加州的魚類中發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們)”可知，本段的小標(biāo)題應(yīng)該在講超細(xì)纖維與環(huán)境的研究。故B選項(xiàng)“環(huán)境中微纖維的研究”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Beyondthewaterways,theresearcherssaymicrofibersmayendupinsoilandagriculturallands.(研究人員說，在水道之外，超細(xì)纖維可能最終會(huì)留在土壤和農(nóng)田中)”以及后文“Thismeansthereismuchtobelearnedaboutmicrofibersandtheenvironment.Somestudieshaveshownthatmicrofibersendupinsideseaanimals,likeoysters.(這意味著關(guān)于超細(xì)纖維和環(huán)境還有很多需要了解的地方。一些研究表明，超細(xì)纖維最終會(huì)進(jìn)入海洋動(dòng)物體內(nèi)，比如牡蠣)”可知，上文提到在水道之外，超細(xì)纖維可能最終會(huì)留在土壤和農(nóng)田中，本句是在說超細(xì)纖維會(huì)在大氣中移動(dòng)造成更大的污染。故C選項(xiàng)“它們也可以在大氣中移動(dòng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Somestudieshaveshownthatmicrofibersendupinsideseaanimals,likeoysters.(一些研究表明，超細(xì)纖維最終會(huì)進(jìn)入牡蠣等海洋動(dòng)物體內(nèi))”可知，超細(xì)纖維會(huì)進(jìn)入海洋生物，污染食物。故G選項(xiàng)“那么，如果在魚類和海鮮中發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些微纖維，食用它們是否安全呢？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。【20題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Abagisbeingdesignedinwhichtowashtheseclothes.Ittrapsthemicrofibersinthebaganditmaybeavailableforpurchasesoon.(正在設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)用來洗這些衣服的袋子。它可以將微纖維困在袋子里，可能很快就會(huì)上市)”可知，科技可以幫助阻止超細(xì)纖維污染環(huán)境。故A選項(xiàng)“新技術(shù)也可能有所幫助”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GrowingupinapoorAfricanAmericanneighbourhood,Allambyfacedlowexpectationsandnumerousbarriersto___21___hisdream.Doingwellinschoolcouldprovedangerous.Allambysays,“Therewereoftentimesyouwouldn’tcarryyourbookshome.”Sohe___22___thoughtsofbecomingadoctorinfavourofamorerealisticcareerpath—fixingcars.He’dstarteditattheageof19,workingaloneoutofarentedbayinafriend’sgarage.Overtheyearsithad___23___intotwoshopswith11employees,butAllambyhadbecomeanxious,longingforsomethingmore.Soattheageof34,he___24___togoforhisbachelor’sdegreeinbusinessmanagement.Aftertakingclassespart-timeoverthenextfiveyears,Allambywastoldhehadtotakebiologytogethis___25___.Biologyclassawakenedachildhooddreamthathehad___26___somewheredeepwithinhimself.Hereasonedthatbecomingadoctorwhenhewouldbe___27___theageof50seemedfoolishandcrazyandthathewould___28___becominganurse.ButAllamby’schemistryprofessor___29___himafterclassoneday.“Carl,”hesaid,“you’reliketheoldestguyhere.What’syourendgame?”Allambysaidhe’dliketobecomeadoctorbutitwouldbemore____30____toaimlower.“Whynota____31____?”theprofessorasked.“Youhaveagiftforthework.Youwillgoalongway.”Hewasright.AllambygotAinallhis____32____.Andsoin2015,Allamby____33____tieswithhispast.Hesoldhistwoshopsandeverythingthatwasinthem.Thenhestartedata(n)____34____university.In2019,attheageof47,CarlAllambybecameadoctor.“MynewlifefeelslikethelifethatI’velivedforsolong,”hesaid.“Itjustso____35____thatinsteadoffixingcars,I’mfixingpeople.”21.A.quitting B.pursuing C.searching D.operating22.A.setaside B.broughtabout C.letdown D.tookup23.A.arisen B.split C.broken D.grown24.A.decided B.dreamed C.suited D.continued25.A.proof B.level C.degree D.permit26.A.showed B.hidden C.exposed D.presented27.A.closing B.addressing C.coming D.approaching28.A.instead B.already C.still D.thus29.A.struck B.scolded C.stopped D.screamed30.A.imaginary B.practical C.economical D.thrilling31.A.manager B.nurse C.professor D.doctor32.A.courses B.speeches C.thoughts D.inquiries33.A.caught B.cut C.dragged D.fastened34.A.artistic B.biological C.medical D.physical35.A.proves B.occurs C.happens D.says【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.B34.C35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述卡爾·阿拉姆比沖破困境，放棄汽修事業(yè)重拾醫(yī)生夢(mèng)，47歲終成正果的勵(lì)志故事?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：阿拉姆比在非洲裔美國(guó)人貧困社區(qū)長(zhǎng)大，人們對(duì)他期望不高，他追求夢(mèng)想的道路上也布滿了重重障礙。A.quitting放棄；B.pursuing追求；C.searching尋找；D.operating操作。根據(jù)后文“hisdream”及語(yǔ)境，此處指“追求夢(mèng)想”，“pursueone’sdream”為固定搭配，符合“沖破障礙實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)”的語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：因此，他擱置了成為醫(yī)生的想法，選擇了一條更現(xiàn)實(shí)的職業(yè)道路——修車。A.setaside擱置、放下；B.broughtabout導(dǎo)致；C.letdown使失望；D.tookup占據(jù)、開始學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)前文“Doingwellinschoolcouldprovedangerous”及“infavourofamorerealisticcareerpath—fixingcars”可知，因現(xiàn)實(shí)阻礙，他暫時(shí)放下了醫(yī)生夢(mèng)，選擇更可行的修車行業(yè)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：多年來，他的生意已經(jīng)發(fā)展成兩家店鋪，有11名員工，但阿拉姆比卻變得焦慮，渴望更多東西。A.arisen出現(xiàn)；B.split分裂；C.broken打破；D.grown發(fā)展、壯大。根據(jù)前文“workingaloneoutofarentedbay”和后文“twoshopswith11employees”可知，他的汽修事業(yè)從獨(dú)自經(jīng)營(yíng)發(fā)展到規(guī)模更大的店鋪，“growninto”表示“發(fā)展成為”，符合事業(yè)發(fā)展的邏輯。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：于是在34歲時(shí)，他決定攻讀工商管理學(xué)士學(xué)位。A.decided決定；B.dreamed夢(mèng)想；C.suited適合；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)前文“l(fā)ongingforsomethingmore”可知，他不滿足于現(xiàn)狀，因此決定重返校園深造，“decidedtodo”體現(xiàn)其主動(dòng)選擇。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的五年里，阿拉姆比兼職上課，之后他被告知必須修完生物學(xué)才能拿到學(xué)位。A.proof證明；B.level水平；C.degree學(xué)位；D.permit許可。前文提到“goforhisbachelor’sdegree”，此處承接上文，指修完指定課程才能獲得學(xué)位，“gethisdegree”為固定表達(dá)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：生物課喚醒了他深藏在內(nèi)心某處的童年夢(mèng)想。A.showed展示；B.hidden隱藏；C.exposed暴露；D.presented呈現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文“setasidethoughtsofbecomingadoctor”可知，他曾擱置醫(yī)生夢(mèng)，這個(gè)夢(mèng)想一直被隱藏在心底，“hiddendeepwithinhimself”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他認(rèn)為，等到快50歲才成為醫(yī)生似乎既愚蠢又瘋狂，因此他打算轉(zhuǎn)而成為一名護(hù)士。A.closing關(guān)閉；B.addressing稱呼；C.coming來；D.approaching接近。根據(jù)前文“attheageof34”“aftertakingclassespart-timeoverthenextfiveyears”可知，他修完課程后已近40歲，距離50歲不遠(yuǎn)，“approachingtheageof50”表示“接近50歲”。故選D項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他認(rèn)為，等到快50歲才成為醫(yī)生似乎既愚蠢又瘋狂，因此他打算轉(zhuǎn)而成為一名護(hù)士。A.instead反而、轉(zhuǎn)而；B.already已經(jīng)；C.still仍然；D.thus因此。根據(jù)前文“becomingadoctorwhenhewouldbetheageof50seemedfoolishandcrazy”可知，他放棄醫(yī)生夢(mèng)，轉(zhuǎn)而選擇護(hù)士職業(yè)，“instead”體現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但有一天課后，阿拉姆比的化學(xué)教授叫住了他。A.struck擊打；B.scolded責(zé)備；C.stopped阻止、叫??；D.screamed尖叫。根據(jù)后文“Carl,”hesaid,“you’reliketheoldestguyhere.”可知，教授與對(duì)話，所以教授在課后叫住他進(jìn)行交流，“stoppedhimafterclass”符合場(chǎng)景邏輯。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：阿拉姆比說他想成為一名醫(yī)生，但降低目標(biāo)會(huì)更實(shí)際。A.imaginary想象的；B.practical實(shí)際的；C.economical經(jīng)濟(jì)的；D.thrilling令人興奮的。結(jié)合前文“becomingadoctorwhenhewouldbetheageof50seemedfoolishandcrazy”可知，他認(rèn)為年紀(jì)偏大時(shí)成為醫(yī)生不切實(shí)際，降低目標(biāo)（成為護(hù)士）更符合現(xiàn)實(shí)，“practical”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“為什么不成為一名醫(yī)生呢？”教授問道。A.manager經(jīng)理；B.nurse護(hù)士；C.professor教授；D.doctor醫(yī)生。根據(jù)前文“Allambysaidhe’dliketobecomeadoctor”可知，教授鼓勵(lì)他堅(jiān)持原本的醫(yī)生夢(mèng)，而非降低目標(biāo)，此處呼應(yīng)前文的“doctor”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他是對(duì)的。阿拉姆比所有課程都得了A。A.courses課程；B.speeches演講；C.thoughts想法；D.inquiries詢問。結(jié)合前文他重返校園攻讀學(xué)位的語(yǔ)境，“gotAinallhiscourses”表示“所有課程都得A”，符合學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的場(chǎng)景。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：于是在2015年，阿拉姆比與自己的過去一刀兩斷。A.caught抓住；B.cut切斷；C.dragged拖拽；D.fastened系緊。根據(jù)后文“Hesoldhistwoshopsandeverythingthatwasinthem”可知，他賣掉了經(jīng)營(yíng)多年的汽修店，徹底告別過去的汽修事業(yè)，“cuttieswith”表示“與……斷絕關(guān)系”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他進(jìn)入了一所醫(yī)學(xué)院。A.artistic藝術(shù)的；B.biological生物的；C.medical醫(yī)學(xué)的；D.physical物理的。根據(jù)后文“CarlAllambybecameadoctor”可知，他要成為醫(yī)生，必須進(jìn)入醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)，“medicaluniversity”表示“醫(yī)學(xué)院”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：只是碰巧，我不是在修車，而是在救治病人。A.proves證明；B.occurs發(fā)生；C.happens碰巧；D.says說。根據(jù)前文他曾是汽修工，如今成為醫(yī)生的經(jīng)歷，此處指兩種職業(yè)的巧合轉(zhuǎn)換，“itjustsohappensthat”為固定句型，表示“碰巧……”。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Africahasbeencalledthe“darkcontinent”forlongbecauseitlackstechnology,electricityandother___36___(achieve)ofthemodernworld.However,itisbeginningtochange.Africaisstartingtocatchupwith___37___(industry)countriesandthedrivingforcebehindthisnewdevelopmentistheInternetandtheWorldWideWeb.NowAfricaisthefastest___38___(grow)placeontheearth.Sofar,governments,businessesandindividuals___39___(realize)thatinordertodevelopquickly,moderntechnologyisneeded.ASIMcardusedtocostabout$100inNiger.Todayyoucanbuyoneforunder$2andphonecallshavebecomemuch___40___(cheap),too.Asaresult,23%ofitspopulationarenowmobilephoneusers.____41____(equip)withthisnewservice,peoplecanconnecttotheInternet___42___(easy).ManyNigerianshaveaccess___43___theWorldWideWebnow.InEthiopiafarmerscannowgetthepricesoftheirfarmingproductsinrealtime.Previously,mostofthesmallfarmersofthecountrydidnotknow___44___thepricesoftheirproductswereat____45____certaintime.Today,theycanphoneinandgetanup-to-the-minutereportonprices.【答案】36.achievements37.industrial38.growing39.haverealized40.cheaper41.Equipped42.easily43.to44.what45.a【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹非洲曾被稱為“黑暗大陸”，如今在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和現(xiàn)代科技推動(dòng)下快速發(fā)展，以尼日爾和埃塞俄比亞為例說明其變化。【36題詳析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：非洲長(zhǎng)期以來被稱為“黑暗大陸”，因?yàn)樗狈ΜF(xiàn)代世界的技術(shù)、電力和其他成就。此處與technology、electricity并列作lacks的賓語(yǔ)，用achieve的名詞形式achievement，意為“成就”，由other修飾用復(fù)數(shù)。故填achievements?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：非洲正開始追趕工業(yè)化國(guó)家，而這一新發(fā)展背后的驅(qū)動(dòng)力是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)。此處修飾名詞countries，用industry的形容詞形式industrial，意為“工業(yè)化的”。故填industrial?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞。句意：現(xiàn)在非洲是地球上增長(zhǎng)最快的地方。此處修飾名詞place，用grow的形容詞形式growing，意為“增長(zhǎng)的”，構(gòu)成“thefastestgrowing”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填growing。【39題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：到目前為止，各國(guó)政府、企業(yè)和個(gè)人已經(jīng)意識(shí)到，為了快速發(fā)展，需要現(xiàn)代技術(shù)。此處為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Sofar”，強(qiáng)調(diào)從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)概念（governments,businessesandindividuals），所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為haverealized。故填haverealized?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：如今你可以花不到2美元買到一張，電話費(fèi)也便宜了很多。結(jié)合much以及句意可知，此處暗含與過去的對(duì)比，用cheap的比較級(jí)cheaper，意為“更便宜的”，much修飾比較級(jí)加強(qiáng)程度。故填cheaper?！?1題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：有了這項(xiàng)新服務(wù)，人們可以輕松連接互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，people與equip為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過去分詞equipped作狀語(yǔ)，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Equipped?！?2題詳析】考查副詞。句意：有了這項(xiàng)新服務(wù)，人們可以輕松連接互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。此處修飾動(dòng)詞connect，用easy的副詞形式easily，意為“輕松地”。故填easily。【43題詳析】考查介詞。句意：現(xiàn)在許多尼日利亞人可以訪問萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)。此處為固定搭配“haveaccessto”，意為“有機(jī)會(huì)使用、訪問”，用介詞to。故填to。【44題詳析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：以前，這個(gè)國(guó)家的大多數(shù)小農(nóng)戶不知道他們的產(chǎn)品在某個(gè)時(shí)候的價(jià)格是多少。此處為連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少表語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意，此處表示“價(jià)格是多少”），用連接詞what。故填what?！?5題詳析】考查冠詞。句意：以前，這個(gè)國(guó)家的大多數(shù)小農(nóng)戶不知道他們的產(chǎn)品在某個(gè)時(shí)候的價(jià)格是多少。此處為固定搭配“atacertaintime”，意為“在某個(gè)時(shí)候”，用不定冠詞a。故填a。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，你校將于下周六晚舉辦一場(chǎng)英語(yǔ)演講比賽，主題是講述自己的成長(zhǎng)故事。請(qǐng)你給外教MsSmith寫一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)她擔(dān)任評(píng)委并致閉幕詞，內(nèi)容包括：1.發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)；2.閉幕詞內(nèi)容；3.期待回復(fù)。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearMsSmith,AnEnglishspeechcompetitionwillbeheldinourschoolnextSaturdayevening,whosethemeisaboutgrowthstories.Iamwritingtoinvitey