SectionⅢ

DiscoveringUsefulStructures——省略內(nèi)容索引02.研學案?素養(yǎng)為本精講精練探·語法課堂學習學?語言要點知識03.晚練(三)01.預(yù)學案?知識為基聽說讀寫練?課堂5分鐘夯基01.預(yù)學案?知識為基聽說讀寫觀察并還原下列課文原句中省略的成分①Andwhatacity(itis)—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethatoccurredin1906.②Myhotelisneardowntown,intheMissionDistrict,(whichis)oneoftheoldestpartsofthecity.③Thisdistrictusedtobeapoorareaoftown,but(thisdistrict)isnowacentreforart,music,andfood.④(Itis)Arealmixofcultureshere!⑤Whatgreatfood(itis)!⑥(I)Can'twait!自我感悟1．句④⑥為________句中的省略。2．句①⑤為________句中的省略。3．句③為________句中的省略。4．句②為________句中的省略。簡單感嘆并列復(fù)合02.研學案?素養(yǎng)為本精講精練探·語法課堂學習為了避免重復(fù)，或為了使句子更簡練，在一些句子中常常省去一個或幾個成分，這種語法現(xiàn)象在英語中叫作省略。在英語句子中，常見的省略情況有以下幾種：一、簡單句中的省略1．省略主語：一般情況下，主語是不能省略的，但在祈使句和其他不容易引起歧義的情況下，特別是在口語中，主語常常省略，主要是祈使句中的you和疑問句中的主語。(It)Lookslikerainnow.現(xiàn)在(天)看起來要下雨。(You)Besurenottomakeanynoise.(你)一定不要制造出任何噪聲。2．省略賓語：當上、下或前、后兩個句子的賓語一致時，通常省略賓語。Hehasaknowledgeoffirstaidbuthisfrienddoesn't(haveaknowledgeoffirstaid).他具備急救知識，但他的朋友不具備。Shewashed(theshirt),ironed(theshirt),andfoldedtheshirt.她洗了(襯衫),并且把它熨好、疊好。3．省略主語和謂語(或謂語的一部分)：在某些具體的場合下，主語和謂語都很明確，此時為了簡化或顯得親切等，可將主語和謂語(或謂語的一部分)同時省略，只剩下表語、賓語、狀語或其他成分。①(Youcome)Thisway,please.請這邊走。(省略了主語和謂語)②(Haveyou)Gotanyink?你有墨水嗎？(省略了主語和謂語的一部分)即學即練1

用下劃線標出句中可以省略的部分(忽略大小寫)①Ihaven'tseenyouforages.②I'msorrytohearyouareill.③Whatawonderfultimewehad!④Hisbrotherisn'tlazy,andnorishissisterlazy.⑤—WouldyouliketogotoXizang?—Yes,I'dliketogothere.⑥—Hehasn'tfinishedthetaskyet.—Well,heoughttohavefinishedthetask.⑦Youhaveaseat,please!⑧Whatacleverboyheis!⑨Ilikeredwinebetterthanwhitewine.⑩Ithasrainedforawholeday.①Ihaven'tseenyouforages.②I'msorrytohearyouareill.③Whatawonderfultimewe_had!④Hisbrotherisn'tlazy,andnorishissisterlazy．⑤—WouldyouliketogotoXizang?—Yes,I'dliketogo_there．⑥—Hehasn'tfinishedthetaskyet.—Well,heoughttohavefinished_the_task．⑦Youhaveaseat,please!⑧Whatacleverboyhe_is!⑨Ilikeredwinebetterthanwhitewine．⑩Ithasrainedforawholeday.二、并列句中的省略1．在并列句中，后面分句中與前面分句相同的部分常常省去，以避免重復(fù)。Whensummercomes,thedayisgettinglongerandlonger,andthenight(isgetting)shorterandshorter.當夏天來臨，白天變得越來越長，夜晚變得越來越短。MybrotherlikessportsandI(like)music.我弟弟喜歡體育，我喜歡音樂。Jeffbroketwoeggsintoaplateand(Jeff)addedinsomemilk.杰夫在盤子里打了兩個雞蛋，并加了一些牛奶。2．有時由于上下文語境很明顯，后一分句中的一些詞語也可省略。Theytriedtheirbestbut(theytried)invain.他們盡力了，但是白費勁。(Giveme)OnemorechanceandI'llsurelysucceed.再給我一次機會，我一定會成功?！济麕燑c津〗在并列句中，后面的分句可以省略與前面分句中相同的成分。Tompickedupawalletintheroadand(Tom)handedittoapoliceman.湯姆在馬路上撿到一個錢包并把它交給了警察。三、復(fù)合句中的省略1．狀語從句中的省略(1)狀語從句的主語和主句的主語相同或從句主語是it，且從句謂語是系動詞be的某種形式時，從句的主語和系動詞可以同時省略。(2)從句與主句中的相同部分也可以省略。While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.當我在街上散步時，我聽到有人叫我的名字。When(itis)heated,icecanbeturnedintowater.冰被加熱后，可以變成水。If(itis)possible,youcanreplytomeassoonaspossible.如果可能的話，你可以盡快回復(fù)我。2．定語從句中的省略關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語且前面無介詞時，可以省略關(guān)系代詞。MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruit(that)wehadevereaten.我丈夫和我都認為它們是我們吃過的最好的水果。Theway(inwhich/that)hespeakstousisreallyannoying.他對我們講話的方式真是令人討厭。3．賓語從句中的省略及物動詞后接賓語從句時，連接詞that一般可以省略；但如果及物動詞接兩個或兩個以上that引導的賓語從句，那么只有第一個that可以省略。Wehope(that)suchattentionwillexciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.我們希望這樣的關(guān)注能激發(fā)人們對情感科學和學術(shù)研究的更大興趣。Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.他說這篇課文很重要，我們應(yīng)該用心學習。即學即練2

用省略句完成句子①只要有可能，他就會來幫助我。___________________，

hewillcometomyhelp.②騎自行車時，別忘了看紅綠燈。__________________，

don'tforgettolookatthetrafficlights.③盡管他們很累，但他們繼續(xù)工作。__________________，

theywentonworking.④我的朋友瑪麗沒有來學校，但我想知道為什么(她沒有來學校)。MyfriendMarydidn'tcometoschool,butIwonder_________________________________.⑤我又找到了前幾天被偷的自行車。________________________________wasfoundagain.Whenever(itis)possibleWhile(youare)cyclingThough(theywere)tiredwhy(shedidn'tcometoschool)Mybike(whichwas)stolentheotherday四、其他情況的省略1．動詞不定式的省略(1)當動詞不定式在形容詞afraid,anxious,eager,glad,happy,ready,willing等后作狀語時，常省略與前句重復(fù)的to后面的內(nèi)容。Youcan'tforcehimtoanswerthequestionifhe'snotreadyto(answerthequestion).如果他沒有準備好回答這個問題，你不能強迫他。(2)某些使役動詞(如make,let,have等)和感官動詞(如see,watch,notice,observe,hear等)后面作賓語補足語的動詞不定式須省略to；但若這些動詞用于被動語態(tài)時，則不能省略to。WeoftenhearhersinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.→SheisoftenheardtosinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.我們經(jīng)常聽見她在教室里唱英文歌。(3)作介詞but,except,besides的賓語，且前面有實義動詞do的某種形式時，后面的動詞不定式(短語)常省略to。Allhecoulddowasnothingbutwaitandsee.他所能做的只有等著瞧。(4)當動詞不定式在begoingto,beableto,haveto,oughtto,usedto后作復(fù)合謂語時，動詞不定式可以省略。Theydidn'tvisittheirparentsasmuchastheyoughtto(visittheirparents).他們應(yīng)該多看望父母，但他們沒有。2．使用so,not等時的省略①—Canyoufinishyourworktoday?—Ithinkso．/Idon'tthinkso．/Ithinknot．——你今天能完成工作嗎？——我認為能。/我認為不能。②—Theboysarenotdoingagoodjobatall,arethey?—Iguessnot．——男孩們工作做得一點兒也不好，是嗎？——我猜是沒做好?！济麕燑c津〗句①中so相當于Icanfinishmyworktoday;not相當于Ican'tfinishmyworktoday；句②中第二個not相當于theboysarenotdoingagoodjob。3．介詞的省略一些與動詞、名詞或形容詞搭配的介詞常?？梢允÷?，而保留介詞后的動詞-ing形式。常見結(jié)構(gòu)如下：(1)havedifficulty/trouble/problem(in)doingsth.(2)bebusy(in)doingsth.(3)spendsometime(in)doingsth.(4)stop/preventsb.(from)doingsth.Theheavyrainpreventedhim(from)arrivingthereontime.大雨使得他沒能按時到達那里。即學即練3

補全下列句中省略的介詞①I'msorrytotellyouthatDianewon'tbehere(________)Friday.②Ican'tstopthem(________)goingthere.③Ihavesometrouble(________)learningEnglish.onfromin學·語言要點知識foldvt.包；裹；折疊vt.&vi.(可)折??；(可)疊平(1)fold(up)折疊；對折foldone'sarms雙臂交叉在胸前(2)foldingadj.可折疊的；折疊式的[練透]單句語法填空①Ifinishedmycoffee,________(fold)mynewspaperandstoodup.②Asthemistcleared,amostbeautifulview________(fold)beforetheireyes.foldedunfolded[寫美]完成句子③那個年輕人雙臂交叉躺在沙發(fā)上，很快就睡著了。Theyoungmanlayonthesofa_____________________andsoonfellasleep.[名師指津]

un-，用在動詞詞根前，表示相反的意思。如：①lockvt.(鎖)→unlock(開鎖);②foldvt.包；裹；折疊→unfoldv.(使)展開；打開withhisarmsfolded練·課堂5分鐘夯基Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Themanwasnoticed________(enter)theclassroom.2．Andywasbusy________(try)toquietthehorse,andhesucceededafteratime.3．Tomyrelief,Ihadmyfather________(repair)mybikeyesterday.4．Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultywehad________(walk)homeinthesnowstorm.5．Areyoutoooldforfairytales?Ifyouthink________，

Copenhagenissuretochangeyourmind.toentertryingrepairwalkingsoⅡ.將下列句子改寫成省略句1．Shestoodatthegateasifshewaswaitingforsomeone.→Shestoodatthegateasif________________.2．WhenhewasinAmerica,hemademanyfriendswithstudentsfromdifferentcountries.→________________，

hemademanyfriendswithstudentsfromdifferentcountries.3．Youmustlookbothwaysbeforeyoucrosstheroad.→________________beforeyoucrosstheroad.waitingforsomeoneWheninAmericaLookbothways03.晚練(三)1．Herjobistotakecareoftheeldersand

(wash)theirclothes.2．While

(visit)thecity,theyreceivedawarmwelcome.3．Idon'tlikemilk,butMommademe

(drink)it.4．Hesucceededinsolvingalltheproblemsas

(expect).5．Theteachercamenottopunishyoubut

(help)you.6．Generallyspeaking,when

(take)accordingtotheinstructions,thedrughasnosideeffects.(to)washvisitingdrinkexpectedtohelptaken7．Weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhile

(use)itssupplyofnaturalresources.8．Themanwasnoticed

(enter)theclassroom.9．IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishsothatIhavenodifficulty

.(communicate)withforeigners.10．Knowinghistrouble,Ihadnothingtodobut

(inspire)himtocontinuehiswork.usingtoentercommunicatinginspire

維度2語法與寫作（每空5分，共20分）1．我告訴他坐下來等一會兒。Itoldhim

．2．他們說這場會議非常重要，我們一定不能遲到。Theysaid

andthatwemustn'tbelate.3．木頭燃燒時產(chǎn)生很多煙。Woodgivesoffmuchsmoke

．4．他被迫等了一個多小時。Hewasmade

．tositdownand(to)waitforamoment(that)themeetingwasveryimportantwhile(itis)burningtowaitforoveranhour

維度3將下列句子改成省略句（每空3.5分，共17.5分）1．ThewintersinHangzhouarenotsomildastheyareinGuangzhou.→ThewintersinHangzhouarenotsomild

.2．Ifitisproperlytreated,wastewilldonoharmtotheenvironment.→If

，

wastewilldonoharmtotheenvironment.asinGuangzhouproperlytreated3．Ifitispossible,thisoldtemplewillberebuilt.→

，

thisoldtemplewillberebuilt.4．Whethersheissickorwell,sheisalwayscheerful.→

，

sheisalwayscheerful.5．Thebookthatheborrowedyesterdayiswellworthreading.→

yesterdayiswellworthreading.IfpossibleWhethersickorwellThebookheborrowed

維度4語法填空（每空1.5分，共15分）Morethan2，000tourismexhibitorsfromhomeandabroadgatheredatthe2ndChina(Wuhan)CultureandTourismExpo,1.

openedinWuhanonSaturdaythisApril,thecapitalofcentralChina'sHubeiProvince.SomeChineseleaders2.

(attend)theopeningceremony.Oftensupportedbythenationalandlocalgovernment,theexhibition3.

(hold)inWuhaneveryotheryear.whichattendedisheldThethree-dayeventwasaimed4.

(show)newtechnologiesandproductsinfieldsofcultureandtourismtopromotetourismconsumptionandinspiretherecoveryand5.

(develop)ofChina'scultureandtourismindustry.Itattractedfamousauthoritiesfrommanyforeigncountries,includingFrance,GermanyandPortugal,6.

.internationaltourismorganizations.toshowdevelopmentandTheshow,7.

(cover)anexhibitionareaofabout80，000squaremeters,hascombinedvarioustechnological8.

(element)likeVRintelligentclothingandroboticmusicperformancesintotheoverallmasterpieces,providingvisitorswithaninteractiveexperience.9.

.(actual),theongoingexhibitionalsoserves10.

aplatformforemerging（新興的）

tourismactivitieslikerecreationalvehicle(RV)travel,camping,fishingandskiing.ItisbringingmoreofChina'secologicaltechnologyandcharacteristicculturetotheworld.coveringelementsActuallyasⅠ.閱讀理解（共4小題；每小題2.5分，滿分10分）

體裁：記敘文主題語境：堅定追逐夢想

難度：★★★☆☆[2024·遼寧省重點中學協(xié)作校]Afterreflectingonthepastfewyearsofmytransitiontothetriathlon（鐵人三項），

IammostproudofthegainsIhavemadeinswimming.Actually,thisismyweakestoneofthethree,butIhaveworkedatit,stuckwithitandammotivatedbysmallsuccesses.MyheartstilljumpswhenIrememberthatnightsixmonthsagowhenIswam2，100mforthefirsttime.Iwasplanningtoswim1，800mandcouldnotbelievemyeyeswhenIsaw2，100monmywatch.Atthatpoint,IrealizedthatIhadtheendurance,andspeedneededtobecomemyfocus.Lastyear,afterparticipatinginmyfirsttriathlon,Iincreasedmytimeinthepoolto4or5timesaweek.Iswamonceaweekinamasterswimclub.Impressedbythepowerandspeedofotherswimmersaroundme,IfoundmyspotinLane1,theslowlane,toworkondifferentstrokes（游泳姿勢）

andspeed.ThiswasgreatbecauseIbecamemorecomfortablewithpooltoys,workeddifferentmusclegroupsotherthanthoseusedinfreestyle,andIrealizedthatIwasnotalwaysslow.Thereisnothingbetterthanabitofindividualattentiontohelpimprove.Duringthesummer,Ihad4classeswithaswimcoachtoworkonmytechniqueaswebothknewthatIhadtoimprovethatbeforeIcouldgetfasterinthewater.Wechangedmycatch,correctedmypullandstrengthenedmykick.ThecombinationofthesehasmadeahugedifferenceinhowIswim.Thereisstillquiteabitofworkaheadofme.IhavenodoubtthatIwillcontinuetogrowasaswimmer.Withgoalsbeingsetandnewdreamstochase（追逐），

pooltimeisabouttogetalotmoreinteresting.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者通過不斷的練習和技術(shù)改進，逐漸提高了自己的游泳速度。設(shè)定目標并堅定追逐夢想的人，都會終有所得。1．Whydidtheauthorstillrememberthefeelingafterfinishing2，100msixmonthsago？(

)A．Shemadeabreakthroughinswimming.B．Herwatchwasoutoforderinthewater.C．Shewassatisfiedwithherswimmingspeed.D．Shewasfrightenedtoswimsuchalongdistance.答案：A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“MyheartstilljumpswhenIrememberthatnightsixmonthsagowhenIswam2，100mforthefirsttime.Iwasplanningtoswim1，800mandcouldnotbelievemyeyeswhenIsaw2，100monmywatch.”可知，作者仍然記得當時的感覺，是由于當時作者本打算游1800米，但游了2100米，在游泳方面取得了突破。故選A。2．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor？(

)A．Strong-mindedandhumorous.B．Determinedandmotivated.C．Diligentandeasygoing.D．Aggressiveandstubborn.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Actually,thisismyweakestoneofthethree,butIhaveworkedatit,stuckwithitandammotivatedbysmallsuccesses.”以及最后一段中“Thereisstillquiteabitofworkaheadofme.IhavenodoubtthatIwillcontinuetogrowasaswimmer.”可知，作者可以堅持做自己想做的事情，是有決心的，并對未來充滿熱情，是有動力的。故選B。3．Wheredoesthepleasureofpooltimelieaccordingtotheauthor？(

)A．Fillingtheschedulewithenoughtraining.B．Settingagoalandworkingtowardsit.C．Sharpeningskillstobeatothersinmatches.D．Competingwithothersandgettingachievements.答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Withgoalsbeingsetandnewdreamstochase（追逐），

pooltimeisabouttogetalotmoreinteresting.”可推知，泳池時間的樂趣在于設(shè)定目標并朝著目標努力。故選B。4．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？(

)A．It'snevertoolatetolearn.B．Allthatendswelliswell.C．Wherethere'sawill,there'saway.D．Actionspeakslouderthanwords.答案：C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段、第三段中“Lastyear,afterparticipatinginmyfirsttriathlon,Iincreasedmytimeinthepoolto4or5timesaweek.Iswamonceaweekinamasterswimclub.”、第四段中“Duringthesummer,Ihad4classeswithaswimcoachtoworkonmytechniqueaswebothknewthatIhadtoimprovethatbeforeIcouldgetfasterinthewater.”以及最后一段中“Thereisstillquiteabitofworkaheadofme.IhavenodoubtthatIwillcontinuetogrowasaswimmer.”可知，作者通過不斷練習和改進，制定目標并努力實現(xiàn)目標，最終提高了自己的游泳技能，所以從這篇文章中，我們可以學到的是有志者事竟成。故選C。Ⅱ.七選五（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）體裁：

說明文主題語境：裝飾臥室策略

難度：★★★☆☆[2024·湖北省咸寧市高一下期末]RefreshyourbedroomWhetheryouwouldliketochangethethemeofyourbedroomorjustwanttogiveitanupdatedlook,youdon'tneedabigbudgettomakeithappen.1(

).Here'showyoucangetstarted.ClearoutthemessBeforeyoustartfresheningupyourspace,takealookaroundtoseewhatyouhavethatyoucouldgiveawaytosomeonewhocoulduseit.Askanadultfortwobagsorboxes,oneforitemsyouwanttodonateandoneforanythingthatcangodirectlyinthetrash.2(

).ThinkaboutlightOnesimpleroomupdatethathasabigimpactisturningupyourlighting.OneideaistohanginexpensiveLEDstringlightsonawall.3(

).Movingotherlightingdevicesfromanotherpartofthehousetoyourroom,withpermissionfromanadult,canalsoaddsoftlightingtoyourspace.4(

)Anotherinexpensivechangethatcanhavebigresultsispaint.Askanadultifthey'rewillingtohelpyoupaintanaccentwallinyourroom.Anaccentwallisagoodchancetotakeariskwithcolorsinceit'sonlyonewall.Youcanchoosetopaintthewallbehindyourheadboardorevenaclosetdoor.Ifyoudon'twanttopaint,youcouldcheckoutwallpaperwhosecolorsmatchesyourroom.Addpersonaltouches5(

).Youcanaskaparentforanysparepictureframes（框架）

orpicksomeuptogetheratathriftshoporcraftstore.Printoutphotosandframethemfordisplay.Youcouldalsoframeyourownartworktohangonawallorleanitagainstadresser.A．Considerco