第02講名詞短語、形容詞短語&副詞短語（寒假復(fù)習(xí)講義）內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航考點聚焦：歸納核心考點&中考/高考考點，有的放矢重點速記：重難點梳理，查漏補缺，即時鞏固復(fù)習(xí)提升：真題感知&綜合提升專練，全面突破重點01名詞短語名詞短語、形容詞短語&副詞短語知識點精講短語是由兩個或兩個以上的詞構(gòu)成、沒有完整句子結(jié)構(gòu)但有一定語法功能的語言單位。名詞短語、形容詞短語、副詞短語是英語中最基礎(chǔ)的三類短語，核心作用是在句中分別充當(dāng)名詞、形容詞、副詞的角色。一、名詞短語（NounPhrase,NP）1.核心定義是一種短語結(jié)構(gòu)，其中心詞為名詞，其他詞或短語圍繞該名詞對其起到修飾、限定、說明等作用，整體在句子中的功能相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可作主語、賓語、表語、定語等成分。核心公式：修飾語+中心詞（名詞/代詞）2.常見修飾語類型（1）形容詞修飾名詞（2）冠詞/數(shù)詞/代詞修飾名詞（3）介詞短語修飾名詞（4）分詞短語/不定式短語修飾名詞（5）定語從句修飾名詞3.結(jié)構(gòu)精講：結(jié)構(gòu)類型例句句子成分形容詞+名詞a

beautifulflower一朵美麗的花賓語：Ipickedabeautifulflower.冠詞+數(shù)詞+名詞thethreelittleboys那三個小男孩主語：Thethreelittleboysarerunning.代詞+名詞myfavoritebook我最喜歡的書主語：Thethreelittleboysarerunning.名詞+介詞短語agirlinred穿紅衣服的女孩賓語：Isawagirlinredjustnow.名詞+分詞短語hegirlsinginginthepark主語：Thegirlsingingintheparkismysister.限定詞+名詞thepen這支筆主語：Thepenishere.名詞所有格+名詞mymother'scar我媽媽的車主語：Mymother'scarisred.動名詞+名詞readingroom閱覽室主語：Readingroomisfullofpeople.不定式+名詞waytosolvetheproblem解決問題的辦法賓語：Wefoundthewaytosolvetheproblem.4.特殊情況：只有中心詞的名詞短語單個名詞或代詞本身也可視為最簡名詞短語，例如：Sheisastudent.（she

是代詞作主語，最簡名詞短語）Ilove

music.（music

是名詞作賓語，最簡名詞短語）重點02形容詞短語二、形容詞短語（AdjectivePhrase,AdjP）1.核心定義以形容詞為中心詞，加上修飾語（狀語）構(gòu)成的短語，在句中主要作定語、表語、賓語補足語。核心公式：修飾語+中心詞2.常見修飾語類型（1）副詞修飾形容詞（2）介詞短語修飾形容詞（3）不定式短語修飾形容詞（4）從句修飾形容詞典型例句結(jié)構(gòu)類型例句例句副詞+形容詞veryhappy非常開心表語：Sheisveryhappytoday.副詞+副詞+形容詞quiteextremelytired相當(dāng)疲憊定語：Theextremelytiredworkerwenthomeearly.形容詞+介詞短語afraidofdogs怕狗表語：Mylittlebrotherisafraidofdogs.形容詞+不定式短語gladtoseeyou很高興見到你表語：Iamgladtoseeyou.4.注意事項形容詞短語作定語時，通常放在被修飾名詞之后（單個形容詞作定語一般放名詞前）。正確：aboy

tallenough（一個足夠高的男孩）錯誤：atallenoughboy重點03副詞短語三、副詞短語（AdverbPhrase,AdvP）1.核心定義以副詞為中心詞，加上修飾語（狀語）構(gòu)成的短語，在句中作狀語，修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。核心公式：修飾語+中心詞2.常見修飾語類型（1）程度副詞修飾副詞（2）介詞短語作副詞短語（3）不定式短語作副詞短語（4）從句作副詞短語3.典型例句結(jié)構(gòu)類型例句修飾對象副詞+副詞veryquickly非?？斓匦揎梽釉~：Herunsveryquickly.副詞+副詞+副詞quitesurprisinglyfast相當(dāng)驚人地快Thecardrovequitesurprisinglyfast.介詞短語（表方式/時間/地點）inahurry匆忙地修飾動詞：Sheleftinahurry.介詞短語（表時間）atsixo'clock在六點鐘修飾動詞：Wewillmeetatsixo'clock.不定式短語tohelpyou為了幫你修飾動詞：Icameheretohelpyou.4.易混點區(qū)分介詞短語≠副詞短語，但部分介詞短語可作副詞短語（表方式、時間、地點時）。介詞短語：onthetable在桌子上→作副詞短語修飾動詞：Thecupisputonthetable.非副詞短語：ofyou你的→只能作定語，如afriendofyou四、三類短語核心區(qū)別對照表類別中心詞句中功能修飾語特點名詞短語名詞/代詞主語、賓語、表語、定語形容詞、冠詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語等形容詞短語形容詞定語、表語、賓補程度副詞、介詞短語、不定式等副詞短語副詞狀語（修飾動詞/形容詞/副詞）程度副詞、介詞短語、不定式等真題感知一、單項選擇1.（2425高一下·廣東深圳·期中）Ihaveatight________forthetrip,soI’mnotgoingtoflyunlesstheairlineslowerticketprices.A．a(chǎn)rrangement B．credit C．duty D．budget2．（2425高一下·浙江杭州·期末）Thoselivingin________canfinditdifficulttoaffordnecessitieslikehousingorfood.A．reality B．a(chǎn)dvance C．poverty D．pain3.（2425高一下·黑龍江大慶·期末）Thisprojectwillbepletedon______thissummer.A．schedule B．design C．option D．memory（2425高一下·黑龍江哈爾濱·期末）TheAfricaathleteracedwithjustoneshoeonandherrightfoot________.A．rare B．bare C．mere D．tire5．（2425高一下·廣東深圳·期末）Thenewtechnologywillreducethecostofproduction,makingtheproductmoreaffordableforeveryone.A．a(chǎn)ccidentally B．occasionally C．hardly D．significantly6．（2324高一下·江西吉安·期末）Themanagerisstrictandcold,buthermanner_______setsheremployeesattheirease.A．immediately B．formally C．thankfully D．hopefully二、完形填空（2526高一下·山東棗莊·期中）AfewnotablemomentsfrommymostrecentvolunteeringattheChildren’sHospitalneverescapeme.Afterwehad1withthenurses,Dr.TinyandIwenttoourfirstroom,insidewhichwereamotherandatwoyearoldboy.Thisyoungboywas2onthebed,jumpingupanddown.Momlookedatuswithasenseofexpectationandcuriosity.Shewastryingtocalmherson,butshecouldn’t.Dr.Tinypulledouthistooland3itthroughtheaircreatingbubbles(肥皂泡)infrontofthechild.Ihada4withme.Istartedtoplaygentle,5music.Aswedidthis,theyoungboywatchedthebubbleswithhiseyes,andbegantorock6gentlytothemusic.Heslowlyreachedouthishandto7thebubbles.Weglancedoveratthemomandnoticedthatshe,too,hadbee8.Later,wewalkedintoanotherroomattheEmergencyDepartment.Thepatientwasateenageboywhohadmetwithaterrible9,leavinghimunabletositup.10,hecouldraisehisheadwith11toseeusasweenteredtheroom.Hesawourguitar.“Playmeasong,”hesaid,“TheRedNoseReindeer.”Iquicklyadjustedmyguitar,12way...roat,andbegantosing,“Jinglebells,Jinglebells,Jinglealltheway...”Thepatientlookedupwithalookof13.Withasmile,hesaid,“PlayTheRedNoseReindeer,please!”Dr.Tinylookedatmeandsaid,“Youarestartingtoembarrassus.”IglancedatDr.Tinyandthepatient,14forgettingitwrongIbegantosingagain.AsDr.TinyandIsangthesong,thepatientsangalongandlaughed.“Thatwasagoodone!”heshouted15.1．A．checkedin B．settledfor C．a(chǎn)ppliedfor D．turnedup2．A．sleeping B．standing C．lying D．sitting3．A．waved B．clicked C．unfolded D．viewed4．A．suitcase B．piano C．guitar D．backpack5．A．lively B．sorrowful C．peaceful D．powerful6．A．upanddown B．backandforth C．farandnear D．hereandthere7．A．move B．raise C．place D．touch8．A．a(chǎn)ngrier B．quieter C．happier D．calmer9．A．a(chǎn)dventure B．a(chǎn)ccident C．event D．occasion10．A．Therefore B．Meanwhile C．However D．Though11．A．pain B．confidence C．determination D．effort12．A．lowered B．changed C．used D．cleared13．A．confusion B．horror C．pleasure D．regret14．A．a(chǎn)nnouncing B．a(chǎn)ppreciating C．a(chǎn)pologizing D．considering15．A．crazily B．excitedly C．impatiently D．hopefully三、語法填空（2425高一下·山東青島·期末）語法填空Thereareallkindsof1(festival)throughouttheworld，festivalstosatisfyandpleasetheancestors，tohonoursomefamouspeople2plenty.Forevents，andtoexpresspeople’sgratitudetotheGodforbringingthemayearofplenty.Forexample，JapaneseobserveObon,whenpeoplegotocleangravesandlightincenseinmemoryoftheirancestors.3India，October2isanationalfestivaltohonourMohandasGandhi，whohelpedIndiabeean4country.Andcountry.AndinChinatheSpringFestival,5iscelebratedinJanuaryorFebruary，isthe6(much)energeticandimportantbecauseitisafestivalthat7(look)forwardtotheingofspring.Whyareallthesefestivalseverywhere？Becauseduringthefestivals，peoplecangettogether8(eat)，drinkandhavefunwitheachother,9(forget)allthe10(day)strugglesanddemandsforawhile.一、單項選擇1．（2425高一下·廣東江門·期末）Bambooisa(n)______ofgreatpotential,andaverystrongmaterialaswell.A．source B．origin C．resource D．brand2．（2425高一下·黑龍江哈爾濱·期中）Hearingthathehadpassedtheexam,hesighedin________.A．sadness B．relief C．a(chǎn)nger D．disappointment3．（2425高一下·浙江杭州·期末）Inlate2023,________winterstormshitthecity,causinggreatdamage.A．moderate B．violent C．mild D．virtual4．（2425高一下·陜西西安·期末）Dokeep________inanemergency,orthingswillgetevenworse.A．calm B．excited C．quiet D．silent5．（2425高一下·重慶·期末）Herresponsibilitiesatworkarenottoansweringphones;shealsotakescareofcustomerissues.A．limited B．likely C．related D．equal二、完形填空（2425高一下·福建福州·期末）Iwassittinginmyhighschoolclassroom,nervouslyknockingmypencilagainstthedeskasIwaitedforthestartoftheEnglishexam.Asthebellrang,1thebeginningoftheexam,myheartbeganto2up.Iopenedtheexambookletand3thequestions,whichseemedforeignandunfamiliar.Withtime4,inastateofpanic(驚慌),Ihurriedlywrotedownmyanswersandhandedinmypaperwithaheavyheart.Inthedaysthatfollowed,Icouldn’t5thefeelingoffailurethathungovermelikeadarkcloud.Butinthesadness,arealizationbeganto6me—Ihadfailed,yes,butIhadalsolearnedvaluablelessonsalongtheway.Successisnotfinal;failureisnot7.Itisthecouragetocontinuethat8.Armedwiththisnewfoundwisdom,IensuredthatIwoulddobetternexttime.I9thestudies,practicedpastexamsmoreeagerlythanusual,andheadedtomygoalwith10.Whenthetimecametoretaketheexam,Iwasready.Iapproachedeachquestion11,drawinguponthelessonsIhadlearnedfrommy12mistakes.Whentheresultswere13,thereitwas—myname,shiningbrightlyamongthelistof14students.Atthatmoment,allthehardwork,allthelatenightsandearlymornings,wereworthit.AndasIlookbackonthatsunnyafternooninthehighschoolclassroom,Iam15forthelessonsittaughtme,andthepersonithelpedmebee.1．A．signaling B．influencing C．replacing D．measuring2．A．a(chǎn)wake B．bite C．erupt D．leap3．A．broughtup B．leftout C．lookedthrough D．setaside4．A．goingoff B．goingon C．runningout D．runningoff5．A．breathelifeinto B．giveriseto C．eupwith D．getridof6．A．stickto B．occurto C．a(chǎn)ttachto D．whisperto7．A．odd B．flexible C．deadly D．shallow8．A．a(chǎn)ppears B．responds C．counts D．survives9．A．a(chǎn)bsorbedmyselfinB．plainedmyselfaboutC．a(chǎn)ssistedmyselfwithD．taughtmyselfwith10．A．contribution B．observation C．determination D．explanation11．A．stressfully B．a(chǎn)nxiously C．passively D．confidently12．A．future B．former C．instant D．present13．A．a(chǎn)nnounced B．defended C．conducted D．improved14．A．energetic B．sensitive C．brave D．successful15．A．regretful B．grateful C．late D．eager三、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Passage01（2425高一下·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·期末）DrLinQiaozhi,whoisreferredto1the“motheroftenthousandbabies”,dedicatedherlifetomedicalscienceandwomen’shealth.At18,deeplyaffectedbyhermother’sdeath,she2(choose)tostudyinsteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathof3(marry).AftergraduatingfromPekingUnionMedicalCollege,shebecamethefirstwomanresidentphysicianintheOBGYNdepartment.Yearslater,despite4(offer)opportunitiesabroad,shewasdeterminedtoservewomenandchildreninChina,5impressedherAmericancolleagues.Duringthewar,sheopenedaclinicandtreatedpoorpatientsforfreeratherthanmakingprofitsbecausewhatshevaluedmostwashelpingothers.Itisclearthatherlifereflects6truevalueofadoctorputtingpatientsfirst.DrLinQiaozhiheldmanyimportantpositions,butherheartwas7(strong)drawntopatientcare.Sheoftenwentlateatnighttodeliverababyforapoorfamily.8shenevermarried,shedeliveredover50,000babies.Herbook9(intend)forwomenwasverypopularforitgaveusefulinstructionsonhowtocareforbabies.Sheevenlefthersavingstoakindergartenandafund,10(show)herlastingcareforothers.Passage02（2425高一下·安徽合肥·期末）TheChinesemusicalSuDongpo,whichpremieredin2024andtourednationwide,wasstagedattheTianqiaoPerformingArtsCenterinBeijingfromJune6to8.Thestory1(center)onthelifeofChinesepoetSuShi,alsoknownasSuDongpo,oftheSongDynasty(9601279),oneofChina’smost2(recognize)culturalicons.ProducedbyChinaOrientalPerformingArtsGroup,themusicaltellsaboutthepoet’sfouryearsspentinHuangzhou,nowHuanggang,inHubeiprovince.Suandhisfamilyenduredaharshexistencethere,making33livingbyfarming.Despitehis4(challenge)circumstances,Su’sloveforliteratureandartisticcreation5(remain)unwavering(不動搖的).Hisoptimismwas6(evident)showninhispoems,depictinghisexperiences.With25originalsongs,the7(produce)portraystheculturalgiant’stransformation,fromthedepthsofpoliticaldespair8aspiritualrebirth.Oneoftheproduction’s9(highlight)isthemusicalstagedebutofactorZ