專題05閱讀理解（議論文以及其他文體）（江蘇專用）

01議論文

Passage1

（2023?江蘇?學(xué)業(yè)考試）Doyouknowhowmanykindsofbreakfastcereal（麥片）therearcinmylocal

supermarket?165kinds!Thal'sjustoneproduct.Thinkaboutallthevarietiesofbiscuits,yoghourt,andchocolate

bars.Wehavesomuchchoicethesedays.It'sunbelievable!

Soallthischoicemustbeagoodthing,right?Ilmakesushappier,right?Well,notnecessarily.Peoplelike

theideaofhavingachoice,andmanypeoplethinkmorechoicemustbeagoodthing.But,infact,toomuchchoice

cancauseusproblems.Iftherearetoomanydifferentthingstochoosefrom,wecan51knowwhattochoose.Ifyou

offermeachoiceofthreecookies,IcandecidequicklywhichoneIwant.Butifyouoffermeachoiceof33

cookies,mybraincrashes.

Anotherproblemwithtoomuchchoiceisthatwcthinktheremustbetheperfectcookiesomewhere.The

factis,thereisn't—sowhenwehavespenthalfanhourdecidingwhichcookiewewant,wefeeldissatisfied,

becauseit'snotasgoodasexpected.It'snotcookieperfbetion.Andthenwcbegintoregretalltheothercookieswc

didn'tchoose,thinkingoneofthemmighthavebeenbetter.

Sotherecanbesuchathingastoomuchchoice.Wcneedtorecognizethatwhilesonicchoiceisgood,too

muchcanleaveusataloss.Weshouldfocusonbeingpleasedwithwhatwechoose.Iamgoingtorememberthis

nexttimei'mofferedacookie—chooseoneandenjoyit!

1.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?

A.Tosellaproduct.B.Toexpresssurprise.

C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Toansweraquestion.

2.Whatproblemcantoomuchchoicecause?

A.Difficultyinchoosing.B.Worryabouthealth.

C.Acarelessdecision.D.Alossofmemory.

3.Theunderlinedpart"It'snotcookieperfection''probablymeans.

A.wecan'tmakegoodcookiesB.there'snoperfectchoice

C.wearcpleasedwithallcookiesD.thecookiedoesn'ttastedelicious

4.Howwillthewritersolvetheproblemoftoomuchchoiceaccordingto（helastparagraph?

A.Recognizetheperfect.B.Makeaquickchoice.

C.Ignorewhatisoffered.D.Enjoywhatischosen.

Passage2

（2022?江蘇南通）MyfavoritethingaboutautumnisthatIhaveanexcusetomakemymomapplecakeagain.

So,Ialwaysthought,oncemyfirstchildwasinprimaryschool,Iwouldenjoytakingpartinbakesalefundraisers.

Instead,Ifearthem.Idonotimaginethatfundsforfootballuniformsappearoutofthinair.SoIdutifully

showuptoeachbakesalewithhome-madecakes.

Still,bakesalestroubleme.Theyfeellikeaholdoverfromatimewhenmanymomsdidn'tworkanditwas

supposedtheyhadalotoftimetobakecookiesforchildren.Womenwhodon'thavethetimetobakeathomeand

whobringpackagedcookiesareseenasbreakingagreatAmericantradition.

Whatarewesellingatbakesales,anyway?Areweadvertisingourbakingskills?Oristhegoaltoraisemoney?

Childrenhappilybuycupcakesfromastore,sowhydowecarethatnobodyinahomekitchenworkedlateintothe

nighttomakethem?

Actually,ifyoulookcloselyattheeconomics,theyjustdon'taddup.WemightspendS10oningredientsto

make18cupcakesthatsellfor$2each.Thinkofthis$26asprofitsupposingthatthehoursspentshoppingand

bakingandpackingthingsupandtakingthemtoschool,andpossiblysellingandcleaningupafterward,don'thave

value.Volunteeringyourtimeandenergytosomethingimportantisworthpraising.Butneithertheingredientsnor

theworkisufree,\andmanyparentscan'taffordtogivethemaway.

Thisisnotanattackagainstpeoplewholovetomakebananabreadandhave（hetimetodoso.Butmost

peopledonot.Mostparentsstruggletogeteventhemostbasicparentingtasksfinishedinthelimitedtimebetween

theendoftheworkdayandchildren,sbedtimes.Itfeelscrazytotaketimeawayfromhelpingwithhomework,or

actuallymakingdinner,tospendhoursonafundraiser.

5.Whatcanwelearnabout（heauthor?

A.Shelovesbaking.B.Sheisactiveatschool.

C.Shelikeshome-madefood.D.Sheisagainstfundraising.

6.Whydobakesalestroubletheauthor?

A.Shehastobuycakesinstores.B.Home-madebak:ngisaburden.

C.Somemomsdon'tattendbakesales.D.Momsarcshowingofftheirbakingskills.

7.WhatdoestheexampleinParagraph5show?

A.Ingredientsarctooexpensive.B.Itisuneconomicaltobakeathome.

C.Itishardtoraisemoneyatbakesales.D.Ready-madecakesarepopularatschool.

8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthetimeinvolvedinbaking?

A.Itisincreasing.B.Itisrewarding.

C.Itishighlyvalued.D.Itisunavailableformany.

Passage3

（2022?江蘇蘇州）1'vespentoverayearinIndia,andinthose365plusdays,Tvelearnedalotaboutgetting

aroundIndiancities.Mybiggestlessonshavebeenlearnedthroughbeingcheated,particularlybytaxiand

rickshaw（人力車）drivers,butthatdoesn'tmeanthosearcbadwaystotravel,aslongasyouknowwhatyou're

doing.Beloware（hebestwaystogetaround（hecityofDelhi,India,andtipsforhowtokeepfrombeingthe

victimofscams（欺詐）.

TakingtaxisisagreatwaytogetaroundthecityofDelhiandchancesarc,ifyouarriveinDelhibyplane,as

soonasyoumakeitthroughcustoms,you'HbeswarmedbyIndiantaxidrivers.AttheDelhiairport,besureto

arrangeforataxitoyourhotelatoneofthetwoDelhiTrafficPoliceTaxiBooths.Oneisinsidetheairport,andthe

otherisoutside.Thekeyistomakesuretogotoaboothrunbythepolice,ratherthanbyindependenttaxidrivers.

RickshawsareoneofmyfavouritewaystogetaroundIndiancities,inpartbecauseit'showthelocalsoften

travel.Auto-rickshawsaremorecommon,butbicyclerickshawsarestillusedinOldDelhi.Ifyoudohaveachance

totakeabicyclerickshaw,youshoulddoitatleastonceforauniqueexperiencethatshouldonlysetyouback

about15rupees.Auto-rickshawratesaroundDelhirangebetween30and80rupees,dependingonthedistance.

IfyoureallywanttotravelaroundDelhilikethelocals,takeapublicbus.Indianbusesbecomeverycrowded

andmostdonothaveairconditioning.Theyare,however,verycheap.Abustripwon'tsetyoubackanymorethan

15rupees,aslongasyoustaywithinthecitylimits.SinceIndianbusesgetsocrowded,trytoboardthebusatthe

startoftheroutesoyoucangetascat.

ThetrainisagreatwaytogetaroundwithinthecityofDelhi.Faresarereasonable,between6and22rupees.

AlldepartureannouncementsarcinbothHindiandEnglish,andtokenscanbepurchasedforbetween6and22

rupees.

9.TheauthoristryingtoinDelhithroughthistext.

A.givesomeadviceoftravellingB.expectustotravelaround

C.showhis/herexperiencesD.explainthedifficultiesoftravelling

10.Toavoidbeingcheated,yououghttoifyouwanttotakeataxiattheDelhiairport.

A.paymoretothedriverstokeepsafeB.showyourtickettothedriver

C.gotoapolice-runboothD.gooutoftheaii-port

11.Theauthorsuggeststakingarickshawinorderto.

A.savesomemoneyB.enjoythecomfortabletrip

C.gainauniqueexperienceD.helpthelocalrickshawdrivers

12.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Youwon'thavetopaymuchifyoutravelaroundbybusinIndia.

B.Itwillbedifficultforyoutogetaseatifyougetonthebushalfway.

C.Arickshawdriveronlychargeswhateveramountyougivehim.

D.You'llhavetospeakEnglishifyoutravelaroundinIndia.

13.Whichmaybethetopicthatfollows?

A.HotelrecommendationsinDelhiB.WeatherconditionsinDelhi

C.FoodanddrinkinDelhiD.CarrentalsinDelhi

Passage4

（2020?江蘇南通）

TheCostofHigherEducation

Individuals（個(gè)人）shouldpayfortheirhighereducation.

Auniversityeducationisofhugeanddirectbenefittotheindividual.Graduatesearnmorethannon-graduates.

Meanwhile,socialmobilityisevermoredependentonhavingadegree.However,onlysomepeoplehaveit.So（he

individual,notthetaxpayers,shouldpayfbrit.Therearepressingcallsontheresources（資“原）ofthegovernment.

Usingtaxpayers'moneytohelpasmallnumberofpeopletoearnhighincomesinthefutureisnotoneofthem.

Fullgovernmentfunding（資助）isnotveiygoodfbruniversities.AdamSmithworkedinaScottishuniversity

whoseteacherslivedoffstudentfees.Heknewandlookeddownupon18th-centuryOxford,wheretheacademics

livedcomfortablyofftheincomereceivedfromthegovernment.Guaranteedsalaries,Smithargued,werethe

enemyofhardwork;andwhentheacademicswerelazyandincompetent,thestudentsweresimilarlylazy.

Ifstudentshavetopayfortheireducation,theynotonlyworkharder,butalsodemandmorefromtheir

teachers.Andtheirteachershavetokeepthemsatisfied.Ifthatmeanstakingteachingseriously,andgivingless

timetotheirownresearchinterests,thatissurelysomethingtocelebrate.

Manypeoplebelievethathighereducationshouldbefreebecauseitisgoodtortheeconomy（經(jīng)濟(jì)）.Many

graduatesclearlydocontributetonationalwealth,butsodoallthebusinessesthatinvesi（投資）andcreatejobs.If

youbelievethatthegovernmentshouldpayforhighereducationbecausegraduatesareeconomicallyproductive,

youshouldalsobelievethatthegovernmentshouldpaypartofbusinesscosts.Anyonepromisingtocreatejobs

shouldreceiveagiftofcapitalfromthegovernmenttoinvest.Therefore,itistheindividual,not（hegovernment,

whoshouldpayfortheiruniversityeducation.

14.Theunderlinedword"them”inParagraph2refersto.

A.taxpayersB.pressingcallsC.collegegraduatesD.governmentresources

15.Theauthorthinksthatwithfullgovernmentfunding.

A.teachersarclesssatisfied

B.studentsaremoredemanding

C.studentswillbecomemorecompetent

D.teacherswillspendlesstimeonteaching

16.TheauthormentionsbusinessesinParagraph5inorderto.

A.argueagainstfreeuniversityeducation

B.callonthemtofinancestudents'studies

C.encouragegraduatestogoin:obusiness

D.showtheircontributiontohighereducation

02夾敘夾議

Passage1

（2023?江蘇）Fifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.Afterclimbingupahillfor

apanoramic（全景的）viewofthebluesea,whitebuildingandgreenolivetrees,Ipausedtoachmybreathandthen

positionedmyselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.

Unfortunately,justasIlookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightin

frontofmyview.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.PatientasIwas,afterabout

15minutes,mycamerascanningihesunandreviewing（heshotIwouldeventuallylake,Igrewfrustrated.Wasit

toomuchtoaskhertomoveso1couldtakejustonepictureofthelandscape?Sure,Icouldhaveaskedher,but

somethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.Ididn'twanttomesswiththat.

Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecidedtotakethephoto

anyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthephotoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.The

landscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowcomestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.

Thisphoto,withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho“ruined”it,nowhangsona

wallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknewthatherfigureiscaplured（捕捉）andfrozenonsome

stranger'sbedroomwall?Abedroom,afterall,isaveryprivatespace,inwhichsomewomanIdon'tevenknowhas

beenimmortalized（使永存）.Insomeways,shelivesinmyhouse.

Perhapsweallliveineachother'sspace.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosarefbr:toremindusthatweall

appreciatebeauty,thatwcallshareacommondesireforpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthan

us.

Thaiphotoisareminder,acapiurcdmomcni,anunspokenconvcrsaiionbetweentwowomen,separatedonly

byathinsquareofglass.

1.Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasabouttotakeaphoto?

A.Hercamerasloppedworking.B.Awomanblockedherview.

C.Someoneaskedhertoleave.D.Afriendapproachedfrombehind.

2.Intheauthor'sopinion,whatmakesthephotosoalive?

A.Therichcolorofthelandscape.B.Theperfectpositioningofthecamera.

C.Thewoman'sexistenceinthephoto.D.Thesoftsunlightthatsummerday.

3.Thephotoonthebedroomwallenablestheauthortobetterunderstand.

A.（heneedtobeclosetonatureB.theimportanceofprivatespace

C.thejoyofthevacationinItalyD.thesharedpassionforbeauty

4.Thepassagecanbeseenastheauthor'sreflectionsupon.

A.aparticularlifeexperienceB.thepleasureoftraveling

C.theartofphotographyD.alostfriendship

03新聞報(bào)道

Passage1

（2023?江蘇）InOctober,2021,threeChineseastronauts,WangYaping,ZhaiZhigangandYeGuangfu,

travelledtotheirspacestation.Theystayedthereforsixmonthswhiletheygotreadyfortwonewmodules（艙）,

WcntianandMcngtian,tojointhemainmodule,Tianhc.InDecember,theygaveaphysicslessonfromspaceto

studentsinHongKong,Beijingandthreeothercities.Throughalivestream（網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播），thepubliccouldalsoenjoy

thelesson.

WangYapinggave（heTiangonglesson,whileZhaiZhigangmadevideos,andYeGuangfuhelpedinthe

process.Excitedstudentsenjoyedthelessonabouttheeffectsofweightlessnessonobjectmovement.Theywere

quitecuriousaboutwhatit'sliketoliveinspace.

TherewasnodoubtthattheyhadlotsofquestionsspecificallyforastronautWang,whoisfamousasthefirst

Chinesewomantogoonaspacewalk.ShehadbeforespentseveralhoursoutsidethestationwithZhai,fixing

equipmentanddoingtests.

Wangsaiditwasagreatjoytoteachchildrenaboutspacewhileshewasthere,referringtothetwolive

sciencelecturesshegavein2013and2021.

“Myfamilytoldmethatmanynetizens（Internetusers）comparedphotosofmytwolecturesandfoundthat

our'spaceclassroom'isnowbigger,thecontentoftheclassismorecolourfillandinteresting,andthatthe

livestreamissmootherandpicturesclearer,“shesaid.

I.WhatwasWangYaping's2021Tiangonglessonabout?

A.Arts.B.Physics.C.History.D.Travel.

2.HowdidstudentsfeelabouttheTiangonglesson?

A.Excited.B.Sad.C.Doubtful.D.Bored.

3.WhatdidWangandZhaidooutsidethespacestation?

A.Madevideos.B.Gaveaphysicslesson.

C.Comparedphotosof（wolectures.D.Fixedequipmentanddidtests.

4.WhatisoneofthefeaturesofWangYaping's2021lecture?

A.Fewerquestions.B.Unclearerpictures.

C.Morecolourfulcontent.D.Smallerspaceclassroom.

Passage2

（2023?江蘇揚(yáng)州）Physicalweakness,lackofenergy,severehairloss,andpainintheneck,aremorecommon

amongyoungpeoplerecently.MorepeoplearenowturningtoTCMforhelp,whichstandsfortraditionalChinese

medicine.

WangLouda,30,whoworksinthesocialmediaindustry,hasgainedanewrespectforTCMaftersuffering

fromcervical（頸椎）pain.

Sixmonthsago,whiledrivinghomefromwork,Wangsuddenlyfeltweaknessinhisleftarm.Hethoughtil

wasduetothehardworkhewasdoingandthatagoodrestovertheweekendwouldrelieveit.

However,thesituationworsenedafteraweek.Hehadnochoicebuttogotothehospitalforanexamination,

whichshowedsomethingwrongwithhiscervical.

Afriendrecommendedthathetryacupuncture（針灸）.AfteroveramonthoftreatmentwithTCM,hispainhad

graduallydisappeared.

“TCMisrelativelygentleandsuitablefortreatingchronic（慢性的）diseases/'Wangsays.

Modernpeople,duetotheendlessuseofmobilephonesandcomputers,spendupto10hoursadaysittinglo

studyorwork.Thissedentarylifestyle,lackinginenoughphysicalactivity,meansthatthemusclesandbones

cannotreceiveenoughrelaxationandexercise,graduallyleadingtodamage.Problemssuchasneckpain,shoulder

pain,backpain,andlegpainarebecomingincreasinglycommon.

YaoJingyi,whoworksataTCMclinicinHangzhou,Zhejiangprovince,hasbeenengagedintheclinicfor

over30years.Heisskilledintreatir.gsportsinjuries,cenicalpain,andchronicdiseases.

“AcupunctureisoneofthetreasuresoftraditionalChinesemedicine,"Yaoexplains.

Accordingtohim,theancientpracticeofacupuncturewokswellintreating“modemillnesses"，suchas

headache,backacheandcervicalpain.

5.HowdidWangLoudarecoverfromcervicalpain?

A.Bytakingenoughexercise.

B.ByvisitingclinicsofTCM.

C.Bytakinghisfriend'smedicine.

D.Byhavinggoodrestseveryday.

6.Whichcanhelpkeeppeopleawayfromcommondiseases?

A.Thelackofsleep.

B.EndlessuseofMobilephones.

C.Longhours5sitting.

D.Enoughrelaxationandexercise.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword''sedentary“inthe7thparagraphprobablymean?

A.Inactive.B.Unusual.C.Flexible.D.Common.

8.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.ThehistoryoftraditionalChinesemedicaltreatment.

B.AnadvertisementfortraditionalChinesemedicine.

C.ThemodernpopularityoftraditionalChinesetreatment.

D.ThefuturedevelopmentofChineseacupuncture.

Passage3

(2023?江蘇)At5:13on(hemorningofAprilI8(h1906,thecityofSanFranciscowasshakenbyaterrible

earthquake.Agreatpartofthecitywasdestroyedandalargenumberofbuildingswereburnt.Thenumberof

peoplewholosthomesreachedasmanyas250,00().About7(X)peoplediedintheearthquakeandthefires.

AnotherearthquakeshookSanFranciscoonOctober17th,1989.ItwasAmerica'ssecondstrongestearthquake

andabout100peoplewerekilled.Ithappenedintheeveningaspeopleweretravellinghome.Awideandbusyroad

whichwasbuiltlikeabridgeoveranotherroadfellontotheonebelow.Manypeoplewerekilledintheircars,buta

fewluckyoneswerenothurt.

Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecentreoftownbutabout50kilometresaway.Inonepartof

thetownagreatmanybuildingsweredestroyed.Thesebuildingswereover50yearsold,sotheywerenotstrong

enough.Therewerealotoffiresalloverthecity.Theelectricitywascutoffforseveraldaystoo.

Whydoearthquakeshappen?Scientistsexplainthattheoutsideoftheearthismadeofanumberofdifferent

plates.AtSanFranciscothePacificplatewhichismovingtowardsthenorthwestmeetstheNorthAmericanplate.

ThePacificplateismovingveryslowly—at5.3centimetresayear.Sometimesthesetwoplatesstopanddonot

moveforyears.Thensuddenly,theyjumpandanearthquakeisfelt.Asaresultofthemovementoftheseplates,

westAmericaneartheseahasalwaysbeenabadplacefbrearthquakes.Whenthe1906earthquakehappened,the

Pacificplatejumped5-6metrestothenorth.

ScientistsareafraidthatonedayanevenbiggerearthquakewillhittheareaaroundSanFrancisco.Theycallit

“TheBigOne''.However,peopletodayarestillbuildingmorehouses.ThepopulationinandaroundSanFrancisco

isnowtenlimesmorethanitwasin1906.Thismeansthatifthereisanotherbigearthquake,agreatmanyhouses

andbuildingswillbedestroyed.

9.Fewerpeoplewerekilledinthe1989SanFranciscoearthquakebecausetheearthquakehappened.

A.inthecentreofthecityB.inthedaytime

C.outsidethecityD.intheevening

10.WhichmightbetheworstearthquakeinthehistoryoftheUSAaccordingtothepassage?

A.The1906earthquake.B.The1976earthquake.

C.The1989earthquake.D.BothAandC.

11.Whydoearthquakehappen?

A.Becausethesurfaceoftheearthistoothin.

B.Becausesomeplatesoftheearthmovesuddenly.

C.Becausethehousesbuiltontheeartharenotstrong.

D.Becausetheplatesaremovingslowly.

12.Whatshouldwedoabouttheearthquake?

A.Weshouldlearnhowtopredictearthquakesandstopthem.

B.Weshouldstopbuildingnewhouses.

C.Weshouldbuildstrongbuildingsintherightplaces.

D.Weshouldtryourbesttoslopearthquakes.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"one”inthesecondparagraphreferto?

A.Bridge.B.Road.

C.Car.D.Street.

Passage4

（2021耳「方；）"1hadnointentiontoadoptacatthatday.Ijustlikedbeingaroundanimals/'Mirandasays.But

whenshesawNalainhermetalcage,“Wemadeeyecontactandicouldn'tresist（抗拒）herbigblueeyes."Atthat

point.4tNalawassosmall.IaskedtheshelterifIcouldholdher.OncehadNalainmyarms,Nalalookedupatme

andlicked（舔）myface?'Andthatwaswhensheknewshehadtotakethiskittyhome.

Still,MirandaneverimaginedNalawouldbecomeanInsta-star.tkIstartedNala'sInstagramaccountin2012

asawaytosharephotoswithmyclosefriendsandfamilyinThailand,”sheexplained.ThepossibilityofNala

gainingattentionbeyondthatsmallgroupofpeoplehadn'toccurredtoheruntilithappened.

Mirandasays,“EachtimeNala'sphotowasfeaturedonInstagram'spopularpage,heraccountwouldgain

1,000newfbllowers."Fromthere,Nala'spopularitysnowballed.LargenationwidebrandsmessagedMiranda

abouthiringNalatodoads."Thistookusbysurprisebecausewecouldn'tbelievethatabigbrandwantedtopay

themtotakephotoswiththeirproductsnexttoNala.^^

Nalastartedlifeoutinashelter,justwaitingtobelovedlikemanyotheranimalsthatwereabandoned.

Todaythaldreamhassurelycometrue.Nalahasover4millionfollowersonInstagram,whichearnedherthetide

“GuinnessWorldRecordsMostPopularCatonInstagram.^^

InadditiontomanagingherInstafame,Nalaisbeingaskedtotestvariouscatfoodbrands.More

importantly,4tNalaisourchancetosharethelovetohelpcreateabetterlifeforotheranimals,sotheycangrow

wellandbringjoyto（heworld