簡潔實(shí)用高效UNIT5

WORKINGTHELANDRJ英語選擇性必修第一冊(cè)內(nèi)容索引詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)語境串記高效課堂考點(diǎn)突破多維演練素養(yǎng)提升第一部分第二部分第三部分重難考點(diǎn)拾遺考點(diǎn)AB課時(shí)作業(yè)21第五部分基礎(chǔ)默測(cè)第四部分默寫達(dá)標(biāo)基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)AB詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)語境串記第分部一用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，并背誦短文。Ourclassiscomprisedofthirtystudents.Dreamsrootedinourhearts,weworkhardand1.devoteourselvestoourstudyalldays.Wearegreatlyconvincedthatonlyifwesparenoefforttoworkcanwebroadenourvision．Welearnbycombining2.conventionallearningmethodswithmodernonestoexpandourknowledgesoastooutputwhatwehavelearnedinthefuture.Certainly,itis3.essentialthatweshouldn'tyieldtodifficulties.Indeed,toomuchhomeworktendstogeneratemuchstrainandwewillbeovercomewithanxietywhennot4.digestingwhatwearetaught,butwehavealternativemethodstoalleviateourfrustration.Forinstance,wecanrelaxourselvesinleisuretime.Besides,keepinga5.nutritiousdietisalsoessential.Ontheassumptionthatwealwayshavesuchanintenseandwidespreadinterestinstudy,itis6.estimatedthatwecanputourdreamsintoreality．conventional；devote；digest；essential；estimate；nutritiousdevoteconventionalessentialdigestingnutritiousestimated高效課堂考點(diǎn)突破第分部二1

devotevt.把……獻(xiàn)(給)；把……專用于；專心于(常與介詞to連用)(→devotedadj.摯愛的；忠誠的→devotionn．奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠；摯愛)[基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)]——單句語法填空①YuanLongpingdevotedhimself(he)tostudyinghybridriceandhewasrespectedbypeopleallovertheworld.[能力提升]——微寫作/句型轉(zhuǎn)換②(2023·全國甲卷)孫中山一生致力于改善和加強(qiáng)中國，被人們銘記為一位偉大的政治家。SunYat-sendevotedallhislifetoimprovingandstrengtheningChina.Andheisstillrememberedasagreatpolitician.(人物介紹)重難考點(diǎn)himselfdevotedallhislifeto③Devotinghimselftostudyinghybridrice,YuanLongpingwasrespectedbypeopleallovertheworld.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫①)④Devotedtostudyinghybridrice,YuanLongpingwasrespectedbypeopleallovertheworld.(用形容詞短語作狀語改寫①)Devotinghimselftostudyinghybridrice,Devotedtostudyinghybridrice,(1)devotesth.tosth.把……用于……devoteoneselfto(doing)sth.致力于(做)某事；獻(xiàn)身于(做)某事(2)bedevotedto(doing)sth.專心于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事[語料積累]

①Theirdevoteddogfollowsthemeverywhere.(人與動(dòng)物)忠誠的小狗跟著他們?nèi)ト魏蔚胤?。②Herdevotiontohelpingotherswasclear.(人物描寫)她樂于助人的精神是顯而易見的。③Janeisadevotedvolunteeratthelocalcommunitycenter,spendingeveryweekendpreparingmealsanddistributingthemtothehomeless.(人物描寫)簡是當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)中心的一名忠實(shí)志愿者，她每個(gè)周末都準(zhǔn)備食物并分發(fā)給無家可歸的人。2

convincevt.使相信；使確信；說服(→convincedadj.確信的；堅(jiān)信的

→convincingadj.令人信服的)[基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)]——單句語法填空①Youneedtoconvincethemofyourenthusiasmforthejob.②Iamconvinced(convince)thatyoulikepaper-cutting，soI'dliketoinviteyoutovisittheexhibition.③Ifinallyconvincedhimtotake(take)upthechallengeanddecidetojoininthecross-countryrun.[能力提升]——句型轉(zhuǎn)換④Convincedthatyoulikepaper-cutting，I'dliketoinviteyoutovisittheexhibition.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫②)ofamconvincedtotakeConvincedthatyoulikepaper-cutting(1)convincesb.ofsth.使某人確信某事convincesb.todosth.說服某人做某事convincesb.that…

使某人相信……(2)beconvincedthat/of…

(某人)堅(jiān)信……[語料積累]

(2024·浙江1月卷)Shehaddoubtedherselfatthebeginning,convincingherselfthatshewouldfinishlast.(心理描寫)她一開始對(duì)自己心存懷疑，確信自己會(huì)墊底。3

assumptionn．假定；設(shè)定；(責(zé)任的)承擔(dān)；(權(quán)力的)獲得(→assumev．假

定；設(shè)想；承擔(dān)；假裝→assumingconj.假如)[基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)]——單句語法填空①Deepdowntheyassumedhertobe(be)thebestsingeroftheirtime.②Wemakeanassumption(assume)thateveryoneinvitedwillturnupattheparty.[能力提升]——句式升級(jí)③PeoplegenerallyassumethatdrinkingChineseteacannotonlyrefreshourselvesbutalsostrengthenourmemory.→ItisgenerallyassumedthatnotonlycandrinkingChinesetearefreshourselvesbutalsoitcanstrengthenourmemory．(it作形式主語；notonly…butalso…的倒裝句)tobeassumptionItisgenerallyassumedthatnotonlycandrinkingChinesetearefreshourselvesbutalsoitcanstrengthenourmemory(1)ontheassumptionthat…

假定……makeanassumption作出假設(shè)(2)assumesb./sth.(tobe)＋adj./n.假定/認(rèn)為某人/某事(為)……Itisgenerallyassumedthat…

人們普遍認(rèn)為……(3)assumingthat…

假設(shè)……[語料積累]

(2023·新課標(biāo)I卷)However,ontheassumptionthat/assumingthattheyareassignedtodifferentgroups,theirfullpotentialmightnotberealized.(建議信)然而，假設(shè)他們被分配到不同的小組，他們的全部潛力可能無法實(shí)現(xiàn)。4

alternativen．可供選擇的事物

adj.可供替代的；非傳統(tǒng)的(→alternativelyadv.可供選擇地)[基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)]——單句語法填空①Ontheassumptionthatyouareavailable，Icancometoyourhouse，oralternatively(alternative)，wecanmeetinthetown.[能力提升]——微寫作②錯(cuò)過最后一班公交車后，我們別無選擇，只好在雨中步行回家。Aftermissingthelastbus，wehadnoalternativebuttowalkhomeintherain.(動(dòng)作描寫)alternativelywehadnoalternativebuttowalkhomehavenoalternativebuttodosth.別無選擇只好做某事analternativeto…

……的替代品[語料積累]

(2024·全國甲卷)Firstly,sharedbicycleshaveemergedasasymbolofurbanmobility,offeringanaffordableandgreenalternativeforshorttrips.(發(fā)言稿)首先，共享單車已成為城市出行的象征，為短途出行提供了一種經(jīng)濟(jì)、綠色的選擇。5

inturn轉(zhuǎn)而；相應(yīng)地；反過來；依次；輪流[基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)]——單句語法填空①Somestudentrepresentativestaketurnstodeliver(deliver)speechesinthemeeting.Finally,itismyturntospeak(speak)．②Theycleanedthehousebyturns—onesweptthefloorswhiletheotherdustedthefurniture.[能力提升]——微寫作③結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，那個(gè)驚喜派對(duì)實(shí)際上是為我準(zhǔn)備的，盡管我以為是為我朋友準(zhǔn)備的。Itturnedoutthatthesurprisepartywasactuallyforme,eventhoughIthoughtitwasformyfriend.(事件描寫)todelivertospeakbyItturnedoutthatbyturns輪流taketurnstodosth.輪流做某事Itisone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事。Itturns/turnedoutthat…

結(jié)果是……[語料積累]

(2020·天津7月卷)Inthepast，itwasourparentsandteachersthathelpedusinmanyaspectsandinturn,weshouldgiveahelpinghandtothemfromnowon.(發(fā)言稿)過去是我們的父母和老師在很多方面幫助了我們，反過來，我們應(yīng)該從現(xiàn)在開始幫助他們。6

句型公式：giventhat引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句(教材原句)GiventhatYuan'shybridsmadehimquitewealthy,onemightthinkhewouldhaveretiredtoalifeofleisure.考慮到雜交水稻使袁隆平變得相當(dāng)富有，人們可能認(rèn)為他會(huì)退休享受閑適的生活。[能力提升]——微寫作①鑒于您對(duì)端午節(jié)感興趣，我寫信向您介紹端午節(jié)。GiventhatyouarekeenontheDragonBoatFestival，Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.(節(jié)日介紹)②考慮到?jīng)]有人幫他，他立即抓牢自行車，用盡全力把它扔向狼。Giventhattherewasnobodytohelphim，heinstantlyseizedthebiketightlyandthrewittowardsthewolfwithallhisstrength.(動(dòng)作鏈)GiventhatyouarekeenonGiventhattherewasnobodytohelphim“giventhat”作連詞引導(dǎo)狀語從句，意為“假如；考慮到；既然”。[語料積累]

(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Giventhatwestudentsneedmorephysicalexercise,ourschoolorganizedacross-countryrunningracelastSunday.(活動(dòng)介紹)考慮到我們學(xué)生需要更多的身體鍛煉，我校上周日舉行了一次越野賽跑。Ⅰ.知識(shí)點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充[選詞填空]1．Thebookiscomprisedoftenchapters,eachfocusingonadifferentaspectofhistory.2．Sheseemedconfident,butdeepdown,shewasverynervousaboutthecompetition.3．Shedecidedtofocusonherhealthbyeatingnutritiousfoodandexercisingregularly.4．Inreality,theprojectwasmuchmorechallengingthaninitiallyexpected.

拾遺考點(diǎn)iscomprisedofdeepdown,focusonInreality,1．fulfilone'sdreams實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想2．becomprisedof包括；包含；由……組成(或構(gòu)成)3．deepdown在內(nèi)心深處；本質(zhì)上；實(shí)際上4．focuson關(guān)注5．inreality實(shí)際上Ⅱ.構(gòu)詞法規(guī)則構(gòu)詞法規(guī)則——前綴out-前綴out-表示“向外；超過”。例如本單元中的單詞：output(n.產(chǎn)量；輸出；輸出量vt.輸出)是由out-(向外)＋put(放)轉(zhuǎn)化而來，表示“向外放東西”。前綴out-的常用規(guī)律如下：[語境猜詞]1．Heroutstandingperformanceinthecompetitionearnedherfirstplaceandagoldmedal.adj.出色的2．Weenjoyedawonderfuloutdoorpicnicintheparkonasunnyafternoon.adj.戶外的3．Theteacheraskedthestudentstowriteanoutlinebeforestartingtheiressays.n.概要4．Theteamworkedhardtooutdotheircompetitorsandwinthechampionship.v.勝過5．Theexperiencedplayeroutclassedhisopponents,winningthematcheasily.v.遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過adj.出色的adj.戶外的n.概要v.勝過v.遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過多維演練素養(yǎng)提升第分部三板塊一夯實(shí)根基·提升能力維度一閱讀理解——一詞多義/語境猜詞Ⅰ.一詞多義1．digest(1)Ionlyreadthisdigestofthenovel，soIdon'tknowthedetails.C(2)Ihaven'tentirelydigestedwhathesaidjustnow.B(3)(2020·全國Ⅲ卷)Cattle-raisingpeopleinEastAfricaandnorthernEuropehavegainedamutation(突變)thathelpsthemdigestmilkasadults.AA.vi.&vt.消化B．vt.理解；領(lǐng)會(huì)C．n.摘要CBA2．overcome(1)Toeveryone'sshock，inthefinalgameSwedeneasilyovercameFrance.B(2)Hisparentswereovercomewithgreatsorrowathisgrandpa'sfuneral.C(3)Inaddition，theirsmile-to-lifeattitudeeveninsuchtoughsituationsalsoinspiredmetoovercomeanydifficultiesinlife.AA.v.克服；解決B．v.打敗，戰(zhàn)勝C．v.受到……的極大影響B(tài)CAⅡ.語境猜詞1．Thecommunitywillgetaboostfromanewlibraryandrecreationcenter.n.幫助，激勵(lì)[點(diǎn)撥]boost(熟義)vt.使增長；使興旺。此處用作名詞，意為“幫助，激勵(lì)”。2．Everyonehashisowncharacteristicvalueanddignity,whichmustbetakenseriouslyinteachingactivities.adj.獨(dú)特的[點(diǎn)撥]characteristic(熟義)n．特點(diǎn)；特征；品質(zhì)。此處用作形容詞，意為“獨(dú)特的”。3．Unfortunately，thetownwasheavilybombedinthewar.vt.轟炸[點(diǎn)撥]bomb(熟義)n．炸彈。此處用作動(dòng)詞，意為“轟炸”。n.幫助，激勵(lì)adj.獨(dú)特的vt.轟炸維度二語法填空——詞形轉(zhuǎn)換/固定搭配/單元語法(主語從句)1．Thescientistisdevotedtoresearching(research)newmethodsforrenewableenergy.2．Ifinallyconvincedmybrothertojoin(join)theschool'ssoccerteamaftershowinghimhowmuchfunitcouldbe.3．Theyplannedthepicnicontheassumption(assume)thattheweatherwouldbesunny.4．Whenthecarbrokedown,wehadnoalternativebuttowalk(walk)therestoftheway.5．Herkindnessinspiredthem,andthey,inturn,spreadkindnesstoothers.researchingtojoinassumptiontowalkin6．Thenextstep，accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirely(entire)onvisualclues.7．I'mafraidwehavetoputyouonastrictdiet.Fromnowon,you'regoingtohavetostayawayfromsalty(salt)food.8．Hewilltryhisbesttohelpthembymeansofhisconventional(convention)medicalknowledge.9．IfyoucometovisitChina,youwillexperienceacultureofamazingdepth(deep)andvariety.10．Whatisthemostimpressiveisitsmanymulti-levelwaterfallsandcolorfullakes.entirelysaltyconventionaldepthWhat維度三單句表達(dá)——翻譯句子/句式升級(jí)1．據(jù)估計(jì)，我們學(xué)校有近30%的學(xué)生參加課后俱樂部。Itisestimatedthatnearly30%ofstudentsinourschoolparticipateinafter-schoolclubs．(現(xiàn)象介紹)2．他最喜歡學(xué)校的是每天都有機(jī)會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)新知識(shí)。Whathelovesmostaboutschoolisthechancetolearnnewthingseveryday．(學(xué)校生活)3．鑒于當(dāng)時(shí)下著大雨，我們決定取消野餐，待在室內(nèi)。Giventhatitwasrainingheavily,wedecidedtocancelthepicnicandstayindoors．(動(dòng)作描寫)

Itisestimatedthatnearly30%ofstudentsinourschoolparticipateinafter-schoolclubsWhathelovesmostaboutschoolisthechancetolearnnewthingseverydayGiventhatitwasrainingheavily,wedecidedtocancelthepicnicandstayindoors4．人們普遍認(rèn)為鍛煉對(duì)身體和心理健康都有好處。Itisgenerallyassumedthatexerciseisgoodforbothphysicalandmentalhealth．(建議信)5．Sheconsidereditwasagreatopportunitytoparticipateintheschoolplay.(心理描寫)→Sheconsidereditagreatopportunitytoparticipateintheschoolplay．(改為簡單句)ItisgenerallyassumedthatexerciseisgoodforbothphysicalandmentalhealthSheconsidereditagreatopportunitytoparticipateintheschoolplay板塊二主題引領(lǐng)·情境寫作維度一基礎(chǔ)寫作——補(bǔ)全佳作并背誦用本單元所學(xué)詞匯、句式完成下面的應(yīng)用文寫作再背誦。假定你是李華，你的英國筆友Paul寫信告訴你他設(shè)計(jì)的農(nóng)用機(jī)器人在全國機(jī)器人制作比賽中獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。請(qǐng)你給他回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．表示祝賀；2．肯定農(nóng)用機(jī)器人的作用。DearPaul，GladtolearnyouhavewonfirstprizeintheNationalRobot－MakingCompetition,Ican'twaittooffermysincerecongratulationstoyou.1．Soamazingisyourrobotthatitcanbeofgreathelptofarmers(你的機(jī)器人太神奇了，它對(duì)農(nóng)民有很大的幫助；so…that…).2.Assumingyourrobotisputintouse(假設(shè)你的機(jī)器人投入使用；assuming),farmerswillnothaveto3.tackleashortageofworkers(解決工人短缺的問題)duringtheharvest.Betterstill,itcanworkunderdifferentweatherconditions,4.thuskeepingfarmersentirelyfreeoftirednessandworries(從而使農(nóng)民完全擺脫疲勞和擔(dān)憂).5.Iamconvincedthatitwillboostefficiencyandyields(我相信它將提高效率和產(chǎn)量；beconvincedthat)．Youdeservetoattaintheprize.Hopeyou'llmakegreaterprogress.Yours，LiHuaSoamazingisyourrobotthatitcanbeofgreathelptofarmersAssumingyourrobotisputintousetackleashortageofworkersthuskeepingfarmersentirelyfreeoftirednessandworriesIamconvincedthatitwillboostefficiencyandyields維度二讀后續(xù)寫微技能21——?jiǎng)幼骷?xì)節(jié)描寫：動(dòng)“手指”[語言素材]——輸入必備知識(shí)1．ticklev.撓癢癢；胳肢2．pointafingerat用手指指著3．tapone'sfingersontheblackboard某人用手指在黑板上敲了敲4．holdupone'sfingers某人舉起手指5．twistone'sfingeraroundone'shair某人的手指繞著一縷頭發(fā)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)續(xù)表6．dipone'sfingersinto某人把手指伸進(jìn)7．lift/holdafingertoone'slips伸出一根手指按在某人嘴唇上8．dipone'sfingerinsth.某人把手指浸在……中9．waveone'sfinger揮動(dòng)某人的手指[跟蹤演練]——提升關(guān)鍵能力任務(wù)1單句表達(dá)1．“別那樣！”老師揮動(dòng)著她的手指喊道?！癗oneofthat！”

criedtheteacher,wavingherfinger．(非謂語動(dòng)詞)2．“是他們干的！”她喊道，用手指指著那些男孩們，指責(zé)他們?！癐twasthem！”shecried,pointinganaccusingfingerattheboys.(非謂語動(dòng)詞)3．莉莉舉起手指比出和平手勢(shì)，朋友為她拍了一張照片。Lilyheldupherfingers

inapeacesignasherfriendtookapictureofher.4．她用另外一只手臂摟住我的脖子，她的手指迅速地動(dòng)著，給我撓癢癢。Shepassesherotherarmroundmyneck,andherfingersticklemeastheymoveacrossit.(名篇《童年》)wavingherfingerpointinganaccusingfingerattheboysheldupherfingersherfingerstickleme5．就在那個(gè)時(shí)候，我那位體貼的老師用手指在黑板上敲了敲，然后豎起了一個(gè)手指以示警告，示意他們保持安靜。Itwasatthattimethatmyconsiderateteachertappedhisfingersontheblackboardandthenheldawarningfinger,signalingthemtokeepsilent．tappedhisfingersontheblackboard任務(wù)2語段表達(dá)Duringartclass,Emmasatquietlyatherdesk,deepinthought.1.Shetwistedherfingeraroundherhair(她用手指繞著一縷頭發(fā)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)著)whiletryingtothinkofwhattodraw.Suddenly,shehadanidea.2.Shedippedherfingerintothepaint(她把手指伸進(jìn)顏料中),feelingthecool,smoothtextureonherskin.Carefully,shebegancreatingsoftstrokesonthecanvas.Assheconcentrated,aclassmatestartedtalkingloudlynearby.Emma,notwantingtobedisturbed,3.liftedafingertoherlips(伸出一根手指按在嘴唇上),signalingforsilence.Theclassmatenoddedandquieteddown,allowingEmmatofocusonherwork.Withasmile,shecontinuedpainting,hercreativityflowingfreely.ShetwistedherfingeraroundherhairShedippedherfingerintothepaintliftedafingertoherlips基礎(chǔ)默測(cè)第分部四默寫達(dá)標(biāo)一、閱讀單詞曉詞義

1．grainn.谷物；谷粒；顆粒2．urbanadj.城市的；都市的；城鎮(zhèn)的3．yieldn.產(chǎn)量；產(chǎn)出

vt.出產(chǎn)(作物)；產(chǎn)生(收益、效益等)

vi.屈服；讓步4．celebrityn.名望；名譽(yù)；名人；名流5．broomn.掃把；掃帚；金雀花6．characteristicn.特征；特點(diǎn)；品質(zhì)

adj.

典型的；獨(dú)特的7．boostvt.使增長；使興旺

n.增長；提高；激勵(lì)8．bombn.炸彈

vt.轟炸；對(duì)……投炸彈谷物；谷粒；顆粒城市的；都市的；城鎮(zhèn)的產(chǎn)量；產(chǎn)出出產(chǎn)(作物)；產(chǎn)生(收益、效益等)屈服；讓步名望；名譽(yù)；名人；名流掃把；掃帚；金雀花特征；特點(diǎn)；品質(zhì)典型的；獨(dú)特的使增長；使興旺增長；提高；激勵(lì)炸彈轟炸；對(duì)……投炸彈9．tunneln.地下通道；地道；隧道10．wheatn.小麥；小麥籽11．mineraln.礦物；礦物質(zhì)12．rootn.根；根莖；根部；根源13．flavour(NAmE

-vor)n.味道；特點(diǎn)；特色14．organicadj.有機(jī)的；不使用化肥的；有機(jī)物的15．widespreadadj.分布廣的；普遍的；廣泛的

地下通道；地道；隧道小麥；小麥籽礦物；礦物質(zhì)根；根莖；根部；根源味道；特點(diǎn)；特色有機(jī)的；不使用化肥的；有機(jī)物的分布廣的；普遍的；廣泛的二、核心單詞寫得準(zhǔn)

1．tackle

vt.解決(難題)；應(yīng)付(局面)；處理2．crisis

n.(pl.crises)危機(jī)；危急關(guān)頭3．a(chǎn)ttain

vt.(通常經(jīng)過努力)獲得；得到4．intense

adj.熱切的；十分強(qiáng)烈的；激烈的5．overcome

vt.(overcame,overcome)克服；解決；戰(zhàn)勝6．output

n.產(chǎn)量；輸出；輸出量

vt.(output,output)輸出7．estimate

vt.估計(jì)；估價(jià)；估算

n.估計(jì)；估算8．domestic

adj.本國的；國內(nèi)的；家用的；家庭的9．comprise

vt.包括；包含；由……組成10．instance

n.例子；實(shí)例；事例tacklecrisiscrisesattainintenseovercomeovercame,overcomeoutputoutput,outputestimatedomesticcompriseinstance11．entirely

adv.全部地；完整地；完全地12．a(chǎn)lleviate

vt.減輕；緩解13．digest

vt.&vi.消化

vt.領(lǐng)會(huì)；領(lǐng)悟

n.摘要；文摘14．essential

adj.完全必要的；極其重要的15．a(chǎn)lternative

n.可供選擇的事物

adj.可供替代的；非傳統(tǒng)的entirelyalleviatedigestessentialalternative三、拓展單詞通變化

1．devote

vt.把……獻(xiàn)(給)；把……專用于；專心于→devoted

adj.忠實(shí)的；深愛的→devotion

n.獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠2．short

adj.短的；矮的；不足的；缺乏的→shorten

vt.變短；縮短→shortage

n.不足；缺少；短缺3．convince

vt.使相信；使確信；說服→convincing

adj.令人信服的→convinced

adj.確信的；信服的4．convention

n.習(xí)俗；常規(guī)→conventional

adj.傳統(tǒng)的；習(xí)慣的5．a(chǎn)ssume

v.假定；假設(shè)；認(rèn)為→assumption

n.假定；設(shè)定；(責(zé)任的)承擔(dān)；(權(quán)力的)獲得6．expand

vt.&vi.擴(kuò)大；增加

vt.擴(kuò)展；發(fā)展(業(yè)務(wù))→expansion

n.擴(kuò)張；擴(kuò)展；擴(kuò)大devotedevoteddevotionshortshortenshortageconvinceconvincingconvincedconventionconventionalassumeassumptionexpandexpansion7．consume

v.消耗；耗費(fèi)(燃料、能量、時(shí)間等)；消費(fèi)→consumption

n.消耗；消耗量；消費(fèi)→consumer

n.消費(fèi)者8．generate

vt.產(chǎn)生；引起→generation

n.代；一代人；產(chǎn)生9．extend

vt.延長；延伸；擴(kuò)大→extension

n.擴(kuò)建部分；擴(kuò)大；電話分機(jī)10．chemist

n.化學(xué)家→chemistry

n.化學(xué)→chemical

adj.與化學(xué)有關(guān)的；化學(xué)的

n.化學(xué)制品；化學(xué)品11．nutrition

n.營養(yǎng)；滋養(yǎng)→nutritional

adj.營養(yǎng)(物)的→nutritious

adj.有營養(yǎng)的；營養(yǎng)豐富的12．deep

adj.深的

adv.深深地；在深處→depth

n.向下(或向里)的距離；深(度)→deepen

vt.加深

consumeconsumptionconsumergenerategenerationextendextensionchemistchemistrychemicalnutritionnutritionalnutritiousdeepdepthdeepen四、重點(diǎn)詞塊明搭配

1．fulfilone'sdreams

實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想2．devote…to

把……用于；獻(xiàn)身；致力；專心3．becomprisedof

包括；包含；由……組成(或構(gòu)成)4．deepdown

在內(nèi)心深處；本質(zhì)上；實(shí)際上5．inturn

相應(yīng)地；轉(zhuǎn)而；依次；輪流6．turnto轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于7．focuson關(guān)注8．forinstance例如；比如9．worktheland耕耘10．pursueacareer追求職業(yè)

fulfilone'sdreamsdevote…tobecomprisedofdeepdowninturn轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于關(guān)注例如；比如耕耘追求職業(yè)五、教材佳句會(huì)運(yùn)用

1．然而，最讓他擔(dān)心的是，農(nóng)民常常收成不好，有時(shí)甚至嚴(yán)重缺乏食物。(what引導(dǎo)主語從句)However,whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.2．據(jù)估算，現(xiàn)在中國國內(nèi)消費(fèi)的稻米有大約60%來自袁隆平的雜交水稻品種形成的作物，這些品種(形成的作物)讓中國農(nóng)民每年能夠生產(chǎn)出大約兩億噸稻米。(it作形式主語)Today,itisestimatedthatabout60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaiscomprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan'shybridstrains,andhisstrainshaveallowedChina'sfarmerstoproducearound200milliontonsofriceperyear.

whatconcernedhimmostitisestimatedthat3．考慮到雜交水稻使袁隆平變得相當(dāng)富有，人們可能認(rèn)為他會(huì)退休享受閑適的生活。(giventhat引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句)GiventhatYuan'shybridsmadehimquitewealthy,onemightthinkhewouldhaveretiredtoalifeofleisure.4．種植不同的作物是因?yàn)樗鼈儼阎匾牡V物質(zhì)帶回土壤，使其為下一批作物生長做好準(zhǔn)備。(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)Whydifferentcropsaregrownisthattheyputimportantmineralsbackintotheground,makingitreadyforthenextbatchofcrops．GiventhatYuan'shybridsmadehimquitewealthy,makingitreadyforthenextbatchofcrops基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Theteamovercame(克服)manychallengesduringthecompetition,andtheirpersistencehelpedthemwinfirstplace.2．Theytriedtoestimate(估計(jì))thenumberofpeopleattendingtheconcert,butitwasdifficultbecauseofthelargecrowd.3．Domestic(國內(nèi))travelhasbecomemorepopularinrecentyears,asmanypeopleexploretheirowncountrybeforevisitingforeignplaces.4．Duringherleisure(空閑)time,sheenjoyspaintingandlisteningtomusic,whichhelpsherrelaxafterabusyday.5．Thestudentstooktimetodigest(領(lǐng)會(huì))theteacher'sexplanationofthedifficultmathproblembeforestartingtheirhomework.overcameestimateDomesticleisuredigestⅡ.單句語法填空1．Herassumption(assume)thatitwouldn'trainturnedouttobewrong,andshegotwetonherwaybackhomewithoutanumbrella.2．Theconsumption(consume)ofsugarydrinkshasbeenlinkedtohealthproblems,soshedecidedtodrinkmorewaterinstead.3．Shedreamedofbecomingafamousartist,butthereality(real)offindingajobintheartindustryprovedtobechallenging.4．Shepayscloseattentiontothenutritional(nutrition)valueofhermeals,makingsuretheycontainenoughvitaminsandmineralsforabalanceddiet.5．Hecarefullymeasuredthedepth(deep)oftheswimmingpoolbeforedivingin,makingsureitwassafeenough.assumptionconsumptionrealitynutritionaldepthⅢ.選詞填空1．Keepupyourcourage,sincelifeiscomprisedofjoyandsadness.2．Shelookscold-heartedbutdeepdownsheisaverykindpersonandalwayshelpsthoseinneed.3．Everyonecanmakecontributionstoprotectingournaturalresources.Forinstance,wecansavelotsofgasbyridingabikeorwalkinginsteadofdriving.4．Allinall,I‘minfavouroforganicfarming.Ihopemoreandmorefarmerswill

turntoorganicfarminginthefuture.5．Foronething,notonlydoesithelptobuildupourhealth,butitalsohelpsustolearnmoreeffectivelyinturn．forinstance；becomprisedof；deepdown；inturn；turntoiscomprisedofdeepdownForinstance,turntointurnⅣ.句式仿寫1．給我留下深刻印象的是，每當(dāng)我遇到困難，我的叔叔都會(huì)激勵(lì)我堅(jiān)持我的夢(mèng)想。(what引導(dǎo)主語從句)WhatimpressesmemostisthatmyunclewillalwaysmotivatemetosticktomydreamwheneverIcomeacrossdifficulties.2．考慮到剩下的時(shí)間不多了，孩子們做得相當(dāng)好。(giventhat作連詞)Giventhattherewaslittletimeleft,thechildrenhavedonequitewell.3．據(jù)報(bào)道，近日氣溫將明顯下降。(it作形式主語)Itisreportedthatthetemperaturewilldeclinesharplyinoneortwodays.

WhatimpressesmemostGiventhattherewaslittletimeleft,Itisreportedthat課時(shí)作業(yè)21第分部五Ⅰ.閱讀理解(每小題2.5分，共20分)

(2024·浙江七彩陽光聯(lián)盟高三聯(lián)考)Anewstudyestimatesmorethan1billionpeopleworldwidearecurrentlylivingwithobesity.Peoplewithobesityareconsideredmedicallyoverweight.Thestudy,publishedinthemedicalpublicationThe

Lancet,saidthatoneineightpeopleareobese.Researcherssaidaround43percentofadultswereoverweightin2022.Obesityamongadultshasmorethandoubledsince1990.Amongyoungpeopleaged5to19,theobesityrateincreasedbyfourtimesduringthesameperiod.“Astaggeringnumberofpeoplearelivingwithobesity,andsevereobesityisstronglylinkedtoalonglistofhealthproblemsandanearlydeath，”declaredtheleadwriterofthestudy,MajidEzzati,aprofessoratImperialCollegeLondon.TheWHOnotedthatattheWorldHealthAssemblyin2022,memberstatesagreedtoanagencyplantofightobesity.Sofar,31governments“arenowleadingtheway”toreduceobesitybycarryingoutgoalsoftheplan.Theseincludegovernmentmeasurestoenactnewruleson“harmful”marketingofunhealthyfoodanddrinkstochildren.Inaddition,governmentsareaimingtoimproveschoolandnutritionpolicies.Theyarealsoseekingpricereductionsforhealthyfoodstoincreasepublicawarenessabouthealthydietsandexerciseandtostrengthenrequirementsforphysicalactivityinschools.ImperialCollegeLondon'sEzzatisaidthatobesityratesarenotrisinginmanywealthiernations.Buttheyarequicklyincreasinginothercountries.Henotedthatsomecountrieshavemanyunderweightpeople,meaningthenationsarefacingwhathecalleda“doubleburden”ofnutritionproblems.BrancaisheadofnutritionattheWHO.Hetoldreporters,“Inthepast,wehavebeenthinkingofobesityasaproblemoftherich,butobesityisaproblemoftheworld.Althoughnewobesitydrugs—suchasOzempicandWegovy—couldbehelpfultoolsinreducingobesity,theynotedthatthecostandavailabilityofthedrugsmightincreaseinequality.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)在全球范圍內(nèi)現(xiàn)有10億多肥胖人口。本文主要分析了肥胖這一社會(huì)性問題及其應(yīng)對(duì)措施，以及應(yīng)對(duì)肥胖時(shí)存在的問題等。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”mean？(

)A．Satisfying. B．Frightening.C．Astonishing. D．Puzzling.解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“morethan1billionpeopleworldwidearecurrentlylivingwithobesity”和“oneineightpeopleareobese”以及“around43percentofadultswereoverweight…Obesityamongadultshasmorethandoubled…increasedbyfourtimesduringthesameperiod”可知，世界上肥胖人數(shù)眾多，有八分之一的人口肥胖，且肥胖率倍增。由此可見，肥胖的人數(shù)是一個(gè)“令人震驚的”數(shù)字，故C項(xiàng)與畫線詞的意思最為接近。C2．Whatisincludedintheplanledby31governments？(

)A．Settinglawstobanthesaleofunhealthyfood.B．Increasingthecostforpeopletoconsumehealthyfood.C．Attachingimportancetophysicalactivity.D.Offeringlower-pricedobesitydrugstopeople.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“tostrengthenrequirementsforphysicalactivityinschools”可知，31個(gè)政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的計(jì)劃包括對(duì)體育鍛煉的重視，故C項(xiàng)正確。文中的“strengthenrequirements”與C項(xiàng)中的“Attachingimportance”為同義轉(zhuǎn)換。C3．WhatdoesEzzatimeanbymentioningthe“doubleburden”？(

)A．Somecountriesaresufferingbothpovertyandobesity.B.Somecountriesaresufferingbothpoornutritionandobesity.C．Obesityiscommoninbothpoorandwealthycountries.D．Obesityisaheavyburdenforsomecountries.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“doubleburden”前的“Henotedthatsomecountrieshavemanyunderweightpeople”和后文的“ofnutritionproblems”可知，一些國家還有很多體重不足的人，這些國家也在面臨著營養(yǎng)問題。由此可見，Ezzati提到“doubleburden”意指一些國家可能同時(shí)遭遇營養(yǎng)不良和肥胖問題，故B項(xiàng)正確。B4．WhatisBranca'sattitudetotheobesityproblem？(

)A．Negative. B．Indifferent.C．Ambiguous. D．Optimistic.解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中Branca所說的“obesityisaproblemoftheworld…thecostandavailabilityofthedrugsmightincreaseinequality”可知，Branca認(rèn)為肥胖是一個(gè)全球性的問題，而減肥藥的成本和可用性可能會(huì)增加不公平性。由此可見，Branca對(duì)肥胖問題持消極態(tài)度，故A項(xiàng)正確。A

(2024·河南創(chuàng)新聯(lián)盟TOP20高三調(diào)研)In1986,KingCharlessuggestedtalkingtoplants,athoughtinitiallymockedbutnowsupportedbyevidencethatplantscandetect,reactto,andpotentiallyproducesound.Sinceplantshavebeenevolvingalongsidetheinsectsforhundredsofmillionsofyears,HeidiAppel,abotanistandReginaldCocroft,anentomologistwonderedifplantsmightbesensitivetothesoundsmadebyinsects.Theresearchersrecordedthevibrations(震動(dòng))fromcaterpillars(毛蟲)astheychewedonleaves.Thentheplantswereexposedtotherecordedvibrationswhilenocaterpillarswereactuallypresent.Theresultswerestriking.Leavesthathadbeenexposedhadsignificantlyhigherlevelsofdefensivechemicals,makingthemmuchharderforthecaterpillarstoeat.Theresearchmayhavepracticalconsequences,suchasusingdronesarmedwithspeakerstowarncropsofpestthreats,offeringaneco-friendlyalternativetochemicalpesticides.FurtherstudiesbyecologistMonicaGaglianorevealthatplants,likepeaplants,can“hear”waterthroughsound,withrootsrespondingtowater-relatedvibrationsevenwhenthewaterisinaccessible.Thisfindingcouldhaveimplicationsforpreventing