【英語】英語閱讀理解試題類型及其解題技巧含解析一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

TheNationalPostalMuseumisdividedintogalleriesthatexploreAmerica'spostalhistory.Visitorswillhaveafullpictureofthecreationandfantasticvarietiesofpostagestamps.

WorldofStamps

Videoimagesbringstampstolifeandattractvisitorswhoexplorethesurroundingdisplays.Visitorsencountertheworld'sfirstpostagestamp—the1840PennyBlackandlearnhowitrevolutionizedcommunication.Stampimages,includingDr.MartinLutherKing's"Ihaveadream"speechandthestampthathelpedraisealmost$72milliondollarsforbreastcancerresearch,explainhowstampshaveshapedhistoryandhonoredpeopleandplacesworldwide.GemsofAmericanPhilately

Visitorshavetheopportunityofexamining13ofthemostrareandhighlyvaluedstampsintheworldofthestampcollection,includingthemostfamousAmericanstampofall,the1918InvertedJenny.AvideoexplainswhytheInvertedJennyandotherstampsdisplayedherearethemostvaluable.Thetreasuresinthisareaarerarelyavailableforpublicviewing.EachtellsastoryaboutanimportanteventinUShistory.

MailMarksHistory

Themarkingsonmailprovidevaluablecluestothesurprisingwaysmailhasbeentransportedovertime,includingchallengesandevendisastersencounteredalongtheway.Youwillunderstandthesemarkingsbyfollowingthejourneysofthreehistoricletters.

ConnectwithUSStamps

Visitorsexploretheirownconnectionswithstamps.Atthreetouchscreentables,theycreatetheirownstampcollectionbasedonthetopicsthatinterestthemmost.Theycanalsocreatetheirownstampdesigns.Visitorshavethechancetoviewvideosinwhichstampdesignerstalkabouttheircraft,stampcollectorsexplainwhattheycollectandwhy,andfootage(片段)showstheprocessofmakingstamps.（1）WhatcanyoudoatWorldofStamps?A.

Photographsomenicestampsondisplay.

B.

Learnmoreaboutthegreatimportanceofstamps.C.

Donatemoneytocancerresearch.

D.

ListentoaspeechbyMartinLutherKingonvideo.（2）WhatcanyouseeatGemsofAmericanPhilately?A.

SomefamousdesignersintheUS.

B.

SomenewlyreleasedstampsintheUS.C.

SomeofthemostvaluableUSstamps.

D.

Someimportantpublicreviewsofstamps.（3）Wherecanyouseehowstampsarecreated?A.

ConnectwithUSStamps

B.

GemsofAmericanPhilatelyC.

MailMarksHistory

D.

WorldofStamps（4）Wheredoesthistextcomefrom?A.

Anofficialreport.

B.

Anexhibitionguide.C.

Anannouncement.

D.

Anartshowreview.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家郵政博物館幾個(gè)展廳的展覽內(nèi)容。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)WorldofStamps部分中的“Videoimagesbringstampstolifeandattractvisitorswhoexplorethesurroundingdisplays.”和下文列舉世界上第一張郵票，馬丁路德金演講郵票和幫助乳腺癌研究籌錢郵票的例子，說明在這里人們能夠更多了解郵票的知識(shí)和重要性。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)GemsofAmericanPhilately部分中的“Visitorshavetheopportunityofexamining13ofthemostrareandhighlyvaluedstampsintheworldofthestampcollection,”可知游客們?cè)谶@里能夠有機(jī)會(huì)欣賞到世界上最珍貴的13枚郵票。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)ConnectwithUSStamps部分中的“Theycanalsocreatetheirownstampdesigns.Visitorshavethechance……andfootage(片段)showstheprocessofmakingstamps.”可知在這里能夠看到郵票制作的過程。故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。本文介紹了美國(guó)國(guó)家郵政博物館幾個(gè)展廳的展覽內(nèi)容，此類文章不屬于官方報(bào)告，公告，也不屬于藝術(shù)展覽評(píng)論。它屬于展覽指導(dǎo)，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

RecentsummertemperaturesinpartsofAustraliawerehighenoughtomeltasphalt.Asglobalwarmingspeedsuptheheatandclimaticeventsincrease,manyplantsmaybeunabletocope.Butatleastonespeciesofeucalyptustreecanresistextremeheatbycontinuingto“sweat”whenotheressentialprocessesstop,anewstudyfinds.

Asplantschangesunlightintofood,orphotosynthesize(光合作用),theyabsorbcarbondioxidethroughporesontheirleaves.Theseporesalsoreleasewaterviatranspiration(蒸騰),whichcirculatesnutrientsthroughtheplantandhelpscoolitbyevaporation(蒸發(fā)).Butexceptionallyhightemperaturesareknowntogreatlyreducephotosynthesis—andmostexistingplantmodelssuggestthisshouldalsodecreasetranspiration,leavingtreesindangeroffatallyoverheating.Becauseitisdifficultforscientiststocontrolandvarytrees'conditionsintheirnaturalenvironment,littleisknownabouthowindividualspecieshandlethissituation.

EcologistJohnDrakeoftheS.U.N.Y.CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandForestryandhiscolleaguesgrewadozenParramattaredgum(Eucalyptusparramattensis)treesinlarge,climate-controlledplasticpodsthatseparatedthetreesfromthesurroundingforestforayearinRichmond,Australia.SixofthetreesweregrownatsurroundingairtemperaturesandsixattemperaturesthreedegreesCelsiushigher.Theresearcherswithheld(扣留)waterfromthesurfacesoilofall12treesforamonthtoimitateamilddryspell,theninducedafour-day“extreme”heatwave:Theyraisedthemaximumtemperaturesinhalfofthepods（threewithsurroundingtemperaturesandthreeofthewarmerones）—to44degrees℃.

Photosynthesisgroundtoanearhaltinthetreesfacingtheartificialheatwave.Buttotheresearchers'surprise,thesetreescontinuedtotranspireatclose-to-normallevels,effectivelycoolingthemselvesandtheirsurroundings.Thetreesgrowninwarmerconditionscopedjustaswellastheothers,andphotosynthesisratesbouncedbacktonormalaftertheheatwavepassed,DrakeandhiscolleaguesreportedonlineinGlobalChangeBiology.

TheresearchersthinktheParramattaredgumswereabletoeffectivelysweat—evenwithoutphotosynthesis—becausetheyareparticularlygoodattappingintowaterdeepinthesoil.Butifaheatwaveandaseveredrought(干旱)weretohitatthesametimeandthegroundwaterwasexhausted,thetreesmaynotbesolucky,Drakesays.

Otherscientistscallthefindingencouraging.“It'sdefinitelygoodnews,”saysTrevorKeenan,anecologistatLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory,whowasnotpartofthestudy.“Itwouldbeveryinterestingtoknowhowthistranslatestootherspecies,”headds.DrakehopestoconductsimilarexperimentswithtreescommoninNorthAmerica.（1）Howdoesonespeciesofeucalyptustreecopewithextremeheatwaves?A.

Byreleasingwater.

B.

Byblockingsunlight.C.

Byabsorbinggroundwater.

D.

Byreducingphotosynthesis.（2）Whatdidtheresearchersdoduringtheirstudy?A.

Theygrewallthetreesinartificialtemperatures.

B.

Theyinducedaheatwaveinadozenpodsoftrees.C.

Theycreatedclimate-controlledsurroundingsfortrees.

D.

Theyvariedtrees'conditionsintheirnaturalenvironment.（3）Theunderlinedphrase“groundtoanearhalt”inParagraph4means“________”.A.

continued

B.

substituted

C.

strengthened

D.

ceased（4）Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.

Photosynthesisisnecessaryforthetreestosweat.

B.

Nofurtherexperimentswillbedoneotherspecies.C.

OtherspecieswillbetransplantedtoNorthAmerica.

D.

Groundwaterhelpsthetreessurvivetheextremeheat.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，聯(lián)合國(guó)環(huán)境科學(xué)與林業(yè)學(xué)院的生態(tài)學(xué)家JohnDrake和他的同事們通過對(duì)紅桉樹做實(shí)驗(yàn)，得出結(jié)論：在極度的高溫中，紅桉樹仍然可以通過釋放水分來抵抗熱浪，獲得生存。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butatleastonespeciesofeucalyptustreecanresistextremeheatbycontinuingto'sweat’”可知，桉樹通過“流汗”，即釋放水分來抵抗極度的熱，故選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“EcologistJohnDrake…andhiscolleaguesgrewadozenParramattaredgum…treesinlarge,climate-controlledplasticpodsthatseparatedthetreesfromthesurroundingforestforayearinRichmond,Australia.”可知，研究者們將12棵紅桉樹種植在巨大的，氣候受控制的塑料艙里，這種塑料倉(cāng)將這些樹和周圍的森林分離開來?？芍芯空邆?yōu)檫@些樹創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)氣候受控制的生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境，故選C。(3)考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“Butexceptionallyhightemperaturesareknowntogreatlyreducephotosynthesis”可知，極度的高溫會(huì)減少光合作用。由第四段后面的內(nèi)容可知，令研究者們驚訝的是，面對(duì)著人工制造出來的熱浪，這些樹繼續(xù)以接近正常的水平蒸發(fā)，有效地使自己和周圍的環(huán)境涼爽下來。結(jié)合這兩點(diǎn)可以推知，面對(duì)人工制造出來的熱浪，光合作用應(yīng)該是大大減少，但這并沒有影響樹木的蒸發(fā)。劃線部分意思應(yīng)當(dāng)接近于“大大減少，降低”這一類的意思cease意為“停止”，故選D。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“TheresearchersthinktheParramattaredgumswereabletoeffectivelysweat—evenwithoutphotosynthesis—becausetheyareparticularlygoodattappingintowaterdeepinthesoil.Butifaheatwaveandaseveredrought（干旱）weretohitatthesametimeandthegroundwaterwasexhausted,thetreesmaynotbesolucky,Drakesays.”可知，這些樹擅長(zhǎng)吸取地下水，如果熱浪干旱同時(shí)發(fā)生，地下水枯竭的話，那么這些樹生存的可能性就比較小了。由此可以推知，地下水幫助這些樹存活下來。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Trumanheadedhomefromschool,withthehomeworkinmind,areportonbeehives(蜂巢).Truman'sclasshadstudiedbeesforthreedays,sohewasready.But,ashisteacherMrs.Lawrencehadexplained,toearnanA+，heneededa“newangle”.

Trumanpushedopenthefrontdoortofindhisfour-year-oldbrother,Bryan,sittingonthelivingroomrag,hardatwork.Papertoweltubeswerealloverthefloor.

Bryanquicklystoodup.“Truman,helpmebuildacity!”

“I'dliketo,”Trumanreplied,“butIhavetodoareportonbeehivesand...”

“CanIhelpyou?”Bryanbegged.

“Idon'tthinkso,Bry.Sorry.''

“Iknowwherethere'sabeehive.”Bryansmiled.

“Where?”

“Inthewoodpilebythegarage.''

Theboysmarchedtothefirewood.Bendingdown,Bryanpointedoutthehivedeepinsidethepile.Trumancarefullyremovedthehiveout.

“Yougotit!”Bryanshouted.

Backinthelivingroom,Trumanpacedaround,turningthefragilehiveunderhisnose.Eachcellwasaperfecthexagon(六邊形).Howdidthebeesfitthecellstogethersoneatly?Andhowdidtheymakeeachcellsix-sided?Couldtheycount?Lostinthought,hisfootcamedownonsomething...

“Truman!You'reminingmycity!”

“Getyourstupidtubesoutofhere，Bryan!I'mtryingto…”

Thetoweltubesonthefloorsuddenlyremindedhimofsomething.Thebeehive!

Lookingcloser,henoticedthetubeswerearrangedwithoneinthemiddle,surroundedbysixothers,justlikethecellsofthehive.

Justtobesure,hetriedfiveandthenseventubessurroundingthecentertubes,butneitherwayfit.Sixwastheonlynumberthatworked.

“Beesdon'tcounttosix,”hesaidaloud.“Thecellshavetobesix-sided.

TrumanrantoBryanandthrewhisarmsaroundhisbrother.Bryan,youdidit!NowIcanbuildamodelbeehivewithyourtubes!Imean—ifit'sO.K.withyou.”（1）WheredidTrumanfindthebeehive?A.

InBryan'scity.

B.

Insidethegarage.

C.

Inthelivingroom.

D.

Insidethewoodpile.（2）Whatdoweknowaboutthebeehive?A.

ItwashiddenbyBryan.

B.

Itwaseasytobreak.C.

ItwasruinedbyTruman.

D.

Itwasaperfecthexagon.（3）HowdidTrumanprobablyfinishhishomeworkintheend?A.

Withhisteacher'said.

B.

Bybuildingacity.C.

WithBryan'shelp.

D.

Bykillingthebees.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，杜魯門回家時(shí)正在為如何取得蜂巢作業(yè)而煩惱，正在地上用紙管建城市的弟弟布萊恩，無意中給哥哥杜魯門提供了蜂巢的線索，杜魯門找到蜂巢后，通過觀察得到了做蜂巢作業(yè)的靈感。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)弟弟Bryan的話“Inthewoodpilebythegarage.''以及下文的“Bendingdown,Bryanpointedoutthehivedeepinsidethepile.Trumancarefullyremovedthehiveout.”可知，蜂巢是在木頭堆里找到的。故選D。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第八段中的“Backinthelivingroom,Trumanpacedaround,turningthefragilehiveunderhisnose.”可知，這個(gè)蜂巢易碎。故選B。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“TrumanrantoBryanandthrewhisarmsaroundhisbrother.Bryan,youdidit!NowIcanbuildamodelbeehivewithyourtubes!Imean—ifit'sO.K.withyou.”可知，杜魯門在弟弟布萊恩的幫助下完成蜂巢作業(yè)。故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇記敘文閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，結(jié)合題目要求，選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

InAmerica,parentstendtoencouragetheirchildrentodeveloptheirpotential(潛能)tothefullestextent.Fathersandmothersfrequentlyteachtheirchildrenbothambitionandtheconfidencenecessarytoworktowardtheirgoals.Americanparentsarealwaysactiveinconcentratingonwhattheirkidscando,notwhattheycan't.Asaresult,millionsofAmericanboysandgirlsgrowuphopingtobecomeactorsandathletes,diplomatsanddoctors.Manyofthemevenwanttobecomepresident.

Americanparentsoftenencouragetheirchildrentobecomeinvolvedinextraactivitiesofalltypesatschool,suchasstudentgovernment,sportsandmusic.Theybelievethatonlythroughtakingpartintheseactivitiescantheirchildrenbecomematureyoungadults.

Asweallknow,schoolworkisimportant.Butparentsshouldrealizethatthesocialskillstheirchildrenlearnfromnaturalconversationswitheachotherareasimportantasschoolworkandtheskillstheywillneedinthefuturework.What'smoreimportantintheirworkisthattheirchildrenshouldhaveasoundknowledgeofphysicsortheabilitytocommunicateeffectively.

Asarule,Chineseparentsdon'teducatetheirchildrenaboutthesamekindofambitionandconfidenceasAmericansdo,nordotheyencouragethesamelevelofparticipationinextraactivities.Childrenaretypicallyadvisedtostudyhardandpassexams.Theyhavetospendalotoftimeindoingmuchschoolworkeveryday.Itisagreatwasteoftimetodoso.

NowmoreandmoreChineseparentshaverecognizedthattheyshouldpayattentiontodevelopingthepotentialoftheirchildren.IhopethatleadersinChineseeducationalcirclesshouldtakesomemeasurestodevelopthepotentialoftheirchildren.Iamveryconfidentaboutit.（1）Fromthepassage,weknowtheAmericanparentspaymuchmoreattentionto

.A.

thesocialskillsthanChineseparents

B.

theirchildren'sstudyinghardandwellC.

whattheirchildrenwantbuttheycan't

D.

extraactivitiesthanschoolwork（2）Accordingtothepassage,Chineseparents

.A.

knowmorethanAmericanparentstoeducatetheirchildren

B.

owningambitionandconfidenceisnecessaryandimportantC.

paymuchmoreattentiontotheirchildren'sfinefuture

D.

don'tencouragetheirchildrentoparticipateinextraactivities（3）Fromthepassage,wecaninfer

.A.

Americanchildrenarebraveandadventurous

B.

AmericanchildrenaremoreactiveintheirstudiesC.

Chinesechildrenhavetheabilitytocommunicateeffectively

D.

somethingshouldbedonetodevelopthepotentialofthechildreninChina（4）What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardsChineseeducationreform?A.

Neutral.

B.

Indifferent.

C.

Positive.

D.

Negative.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，比較了中國(guó)父母和美國(guó)父母不同的教育方式，可喜的是中國(guó)父母已經(jīng)意識(shí)到自己的不足，今后將更加注意孩子社交技能的培養(yǎng)。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Asarule,Chineseparentsdon'teducatetheirchildrenaboutthesamekindofambitionandconfidenceasAmericansdo”，再根據(jù)前三段對(duì)美國(guó)父母對(duì)孩子的社交技能的培養(yǎng)推斷美國(guó)的父母比中國(guó)的父母更重視孩子社交技能的培養(yǎng)。故選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“nordotheyencouragethesamelevelofparticipationinextraactivities”可知中國(guó)的父母不鼓勵(lì)孩子參與額外的活動(dòng)。故選D。(3)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“NowmoreandmoreChineseparentshaverecognizedthattheyshouldpayattentiontodevelopingthepotentialoftheirchildren”判斷中國(guó)應(yīng)該采取措施開發(fā)孩子們的潛能了。故選D。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“IhopethatleadersinChineseeducationalcirclesshouldtakesomemeasurestodevelopthepotentialoftheirchildren.Iamveryconfidentaboutit”可推斷作者對(duì)中國(guó)的教育采取的是積極態(tài)度。故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Itwasthemen'sskatingfinalsoftheWinterOlympicswhenIwas16.SomedayI'dbeintheOlympics.Infact,itwasmydream.

ThatnightIlayonourlivingroomfloorexcitedlywatchingthebattlebetweentheBrians:AmericanBrianBoitanofacingBrianOrserinCanada.Bothofthemhadbeenworldchampions.Bothofthemdeservedtowin.NaturallyIwasforBrianBoitano,anorthernCalifornianlikeme.Wehadskatedonthesameice.Iheldmybreathinamazement.Boitanoperformedsuccessfully.Thegoldmedal!Ijumpedintheairwhenhisscorewentup.

ButwhathappenednextiswhatI'llneverforget.BrianBoitanosatinfrontofthecamerawithhiscoach,surroundedbyagroupofjournalist.Hewastalkingabouthiscareerandhismedal,talkingtothewholeworld.Aterriblesinkingfeelingwentthroughme.IcouldneverbeintheOlympics,Ithought…Icouldnottalkinpubliclikethat.Justtheideaofapressconferenceterrifiedme.

IlovedskatingpartlybecauseIdidn'thavetotalk.Icouldexpressmyselfwithmyjumpsanddancesbetter.Ididn'thavetostandupandgiveaspeechlikesometeachersexpected.IcouldfeelthebloodrushtomyfaceifIthoughtateacherwasgoingtocallme.Istaredatmyshoes.IwassureI'dmakeafoolofmyself.

ThenextdayIwasattherink(溜冰場(chǎng))asusual.Iwaspractisingacombinationofjumpsthathadonceseemedimpossible.Iworkedveryhardthenextfewyears—ontheiceandespeciallyoff.AfterjournaliststalkedtomeandalthoughmyheartpoundedeverytimeIspoketothem,Igottoknowthem.Theybecamefamiliarfaces.Andtheygottoknowme.SowhenmybigmomentcamefouryearsafterBrian's,Iwasready.

SometimesIthinkmybiggestaccomplishmentwasnotwinningthegoldbuttalkingtothepressafterwards.Whenyoudothethingyoufearmost,youputanendtofear.

Fearcanstopyoudeadinyourtracks.Fearcankilladream.Whatareyouafraidof?Whatscaresyoumorethananythingelse?Thisyear,walkrightuptoitandconquerit,stepbystep.（1）Whatinformationcanwegetfromthesecondparagraph?A.

Theauthorlivedahardlife.

B.

TheauthorcomesfromCanada.C.

TheauthoronceskatedwithOrser.

D.

TheauthorwishedBoitanotowinthematch.（2）Whatisoneofthereasonswhytheauthorlikedskatingaccordingtothepassage?A.

Shecouldbuildupherbodytobehealthier.

B.

Itcouldhelphertogetclosertoheridol.C.

Shecouldbetterexpressherselfwithbodylanguage.

D.

Thepossibilityofherbeingaworldchampionwasgreat.（3）Whattheauthorfeltthemostsatisfiedwithisthat

.A.

shereachedhercoach'sexpectations

B.

shebecameaworldchampionasplannedC.

shemanagedtoovercomeherinnerfeareventually

D.

shehandledthebalancebetweenhercareerandlife（4）Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.

Faceafearbravely.

B.

Practicemakesperfect.C.

Badtimesmakeagoodman.

D.

Failureisthemotherofsuccess.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者克服自己的恐懼心理，在奧運(yùn)奪冠后，勇敢面對(duì)記者采訪的故事。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“NaturallylwasforBrianBoitano,anorthernCalifornianlikeme”可知作者希望BrianBoitano能贏，故選D。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“IlovedskatingpartlybecauseIdidn'thavetotalk.Icouldexpressmyselfwithmyjumpsanddancesbetter”可知作者不愛言談，喜歡滑冰是因?yàn)檫@是表達(dá)自己的方式。故選C。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“SometimesIthinkmybiggestaccomplishmentwasnotwinningthegoldbuttalkingtothepressafterwards”可知他認(rèn)為自己最大的成功是克服了自己的恐懼，勇敢面對(duì)記者。故選C。(4)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Fearcanstopyoudeadinyourtrack.Fearcankilladream”和“…walkrightuptoitandconquerit，stepbystep”可知作者想要告訴我們要勇敢面對(duì)自己的恐懼，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

83-year-oldAntonioVicentehasspentthelastfourdecadesofhislifefightingagainstthetrend.AsBrazilianlandownerscutdownrainforeststomakeroomforprofitableplantations(種植園)andcattlegrounds,hestruggledtobringthejunglesofhischildhoodbacktolife.

"WhenIwasachild,thepeasantscutdownthetreestomakegrasslandsandcharcoal,andthewaterdriedupanddidnotcomeback,"hetoldthereporters,"Ithought:'Waterisvaluable,noonemakeswaterandthepopulationwillnotstopgrowing.Whatisgoingtohappen?Wearegoingtorunoutofwater.'"

Withonlysomedonkeysandasmallteamofhiredworkers,AntonioVicentesetaboutbringingbacktheforesttohisland.Whatstartedoutasaweekendhobbysoonbecameapermanentwayoflife,andAntoniorecallsoftenspendingwholedaysandnightsinhisyoungjungle,surroundedbyratsandfoxes,andeatingbananasandwichesforbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Overthelast40years,hehasplantedanestimated50,000treesonhis31-hectareland,whichnowmakeupasmallbutuniqueareaofrainforest,andahavenforwildlife.

Astheforestgrew,thewaterreturned,andAntoniosaysthattherearenowover20water,sourcesonhislandthatwerenolongertherewhenheboughtit.Thentheanimalsstartedmakingahomethere.Today,theforestisalivewiththesoundsofbirdsandinsectslivingthere,andmorespeciesaresettlingineveryyear.

"Therearetoucans(巨嘴鳥),allkindsofbirds,squirrels,lizards,andeventheboarsarereturning,"83-year-oldVicentesays,"Ifyouaskmewhomyfamilyare,Iwouldsayallthisrighthere,eachoneofthesethatIplantedfromaseed."（1）WhatdowelearnabouttheBrazilianpeasants?A.

Theywastedmuchwateronfarming.

B.

Theyfocusedonshort-termprofits.C.

Theycaredmuchabouttheenvironment.

D.

Theyreliedheavilyonrainforestsforaliving.（2）WhatusedtobeyoungAntonio'sbiggestconcern?A.

Overpopulation.

B.

Pollutedwater.

C.

Lossofgrasslands.

D.

Watershortage.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"haven"inParagraph3probablymean?A.

Trap

B.

Disaster

C.

Shelter

D.

Balance（4）Inthelastparagraph,Antoniomainlyexpresseshis

.A.

affectionforhisforest

B.

thanksforhisfamilyC.

deeploveforrarebirds

D.

prideasasuccessfulfarmer【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，83歲的安東尼奧?比森特在他生命的最后40年里一直在與這種趨勢(shì)作斗爭(zhēng)，他努力使童年的叢林恢復(fù)生機(jī)。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“WhenIwasachild,thepeasantscutdownthetreestomakegrasslandsandcharcoal,andthewaterdriedupanddidnotcomeback,”---Whatisgoingtohappen?Wearegoingtorunoutofwater.'”可知Brazilian的農(nóng)民關(guān)注的是短期的利益。故選B。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“AntonioVicentesetaboutbringingbacktheforesttohisland.Whatstartedoutasaweekendhobbysoonbecameapermanentwayoflife”，可知年輕的Antonio最大的關(guān)注是水的短缺。故選D。（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“Overthelast40years,hehasplantedanestimated50,000treesonhis31-hectareland,whichnowmakeupasmallbutuniqueareaofrainforest,andahavenforwildlife.”在最近40年，他在31公頃土地上種植了大約50,000棵樹，目前雖小但獨(dú)特的熱帶雨林地區(qū)是野生動(dòng)物的天堂。由此推知?jiǎng)澗€的意思是“遮蔽”，故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Therearetoucans（巨嘴鳥）,allkindsofbirds,squirrels,lizards,andeventheboarsarereturning,”83-year-oldVicentesays.“Ifyouaskmewhomyfamilyare,Iwouldsayallthisrighthere,eachoneofthesethatIplantedfromaseed.”可推知Antonio主要在表達(dá)他對(duì)森林的影響。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Afive-year-olddognamedKelseyhasbeenpraisedasaheroforhelpingtosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.

Theman,Bob,wasalonewhenhelefthisMichiganfarmhouseonNewYear'sEvetocollectfirewood.Expectingajourneyofonlyseveralmeters,Bobwaswearingjustlongjohns(襯褲),ashirtandslipperswhenhewentoutside,althoughthetemperaturewasaround-4℃.

Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.Fortunately,Kelseycametohisassistance.

"Iwasshoutingforhelp,butmynearestneighborisabout400metersaway,anditwas10:30pm,Bobexplained."ButmyKelseycame.Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn'tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn'tstopbarking."

Kelsey'scompanionkepthimwarmbylyingontopofhim.Shelickedhisfaceandhandstokeephimawake."Kelseykeptbarkingbutneverleftmyside,"Bobrecalled."Shekeptmewarm.IknewIcouldn'tgiveupandthatitwasmychoicetostayalive."

Bobspent20hoursinthefreezingcold.Whenhefinallylostconsciousness,hisdogkeptbarking.Finally,hearingthebarking,Bob'sneighbordiscoveredhimat6:30pmonNewYear'sDayandcalledtheemergencyservicesatonce.WhenBobarrivedinhospital,hisbodytemperaturewasbelow21℃.However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn'thaveanyfrostbite(凍瘡).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey'sdeterminationtokeephimwarm,Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,"Animalscanhelpandhisdogreallysavedhim...Hewasveryfortunate.”

Bobsaidhewas"enormously"gratefultobothDr.ColenandhisKelsey,"Theysavedmylife.Theyaretrulyheroes!"（1）WhathappenedtoBobonNewYear'sEve?A.

Helefthisdogaloneinhisfarmhouse.

B.

Hewaspraisedforsavingadogowner.C.

Hebrokehisneckandcouldn'tmove.

D.

Heheardhisneighbor'sshoutingforhelp.（2）WhydidKelseykeepbarking?A.

Tokeepwarm.

B.

Tostayalive.

C.

TokeepBobawake.

D.

Toseekhelpfromothers.（3）HowdoesDr.ChaimColenfeelaboutKelsey?A.

Helpful.

B.

Fortunate.

C.

Grateful.

D.

Friendly.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.

ANeck-breakingAccident

B.

TheMagicNightC.

WarmthonaWinter'sNight

D.

DeterminationtoKeepAlive【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了一只名叫Kelsey的狗在那個(gè)夜晚為受傷的作者尋求幫助，并救了作者的命，帶給作者溫暖。并因此像個(gè)英雄般受到表揚(yáng)。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“tosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.”挽救了在雪中滑倒摔斷了脖子的主人；以及第三段中的“Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.”事故發(fā)生后，在雪中他不能動(dòng)。故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“Whenhefinallylostconsciousness,hisdogkeptbarking.Finally,hearingthebarking,Bob'sneighbordiscoveredhimat6:30p.m.onNewYear'sDayandcalledtheemergencyservicesatonce.”當(dāng)他最終失去知覺時(shí)，他的狗不停地叫。最后，Bob的鄰居聽到了狗叫在新年那天下午六點(diǎn)半發(fā)現(xiàn)了他，并且立刻給急救部門打電話?？芍芬恢苯惺菫榱讼蛩饲笾蔬xD。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第六段中的“However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn'thaveanyfrostbite(凍瘡).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey'sdeterminationtokeephimwarm.”但是，醫(yī)生驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)他沒有凍傷。他們認(rèn)為是因?yàn)镵elsey讓他保持溫暖的決心?？芍狢haimColen認(rèn)為Kelsey幫助很大，故選A。（4）考查主旨大意?？v觀全文可知，本文講述了一只名叫Kelsey的5歲的小狗幫助在雪中滑倒摔斷了脖子的主人，在寒冷的除夕夜為主人取暖，挽救了主人的生命，故C符合做文章標(biāo)題，故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Scientistsfoundthatslee