主旨大意閱讀理解每套題都有一或兩道道題要求考生歸納文章主旨1-2題段落/文章大意題干中含有mainidea;mainlyabout如：Whatisthefirst/secondparagraphmainlyabout?Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

Whatisthetextmainlyabout?文章標(biāo)題題干中含有title如：Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?寫作意圖題干中含有purpose如：Thepurposeofthisarticleisto…Theauthorintendsto...What’sthepurposeofthepassage?Type1段落大意Type2文章大意Type3文章標(biāo)題Type4寫作意圖1.主題句法How?1.仔細(xì)閱讀篇章首段/段落首句（a.直接開門見山表明）

（b.問(wèn)題/現(xiàn)象/故事/例子等引入后的內(nèi)容）(c.某些信號(hào)詞后）2.仔細(xì)閱讀篇章尾段（尤其是記敘文，一般在尾段揭示價(jià)值觀）3.關(guān)注某人說(shuō)的話（援用名人名言時(shí)為了證明觀點(diǎn)的）信號(hào)詞：accordingtosb;assbsaysInsummaryOveralInconclusionThereforeInawordAllinall表總結(jié)性的詞but,

yet,

stillinstead,however,

nevertheless,in

fact,actually,indeed表轉(zhuǎn)折類的詞forexample,forinstance,take...asanexample,suchas,like,表舉例子詞前find，discover,uncover發(fā)現(xiàn)suggest,show,showcase,demonstrate,illustrate表明indicate,暗示reveal,disclose揭示提示研究發(fā)現(xiàn)/結(jié)果B(25一卷）Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA's,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreak

afterherparents

rejectedthe

love

ofher

young

life.More

than

once,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who'dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(論點(diǎn))statement.I

was

shocked.Then

Irealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessity

of

computers,but

writing,in

and

of

itself,simply

didn't

strike

them

asimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.記敘文Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenext

twoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(體裁)andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswere

staggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,my

students

demonstrated

something

more

importantto

me.When

the

finalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting'smost

powerful

significance—the

ability

to

connect

people,to

put

us

in

another's

skin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.27.Whatdoestheauthor'sexperienceshow?A.Teaching

is

learning.B.Still

waters

run

deep.C.Knowledge

is

power.D.Practice

makes

perfect.BB（25.10江南十校）HaroldSimmonsneverintendedtobecomeaneighborhoodlegend(傳奇).At73,hewasjustaretiredworkerwithtoomuchtimeandanemptybackyard.Whatstartedasasimplegardenrailroadprojectquicklybecamesomethingextraordinary.Itbeganwithasinglecirculartrackandanoldsteamenginehe'drescuedfromasale.Eachday,hewouldaddtinydetails-atinygeneralstore,alittlechurchandsomehandcraftedtrees.Theneighborhoodchildrenwouldsometimeslookoverthefence,theireyeswidewithwonder.Oneparticularlycurious10-year-oldnamedMayastartedvisitingregularlyafterschool.HerworkingparentsappreciatedthatHarolddidn'tmindherwatchinghimwork.He'dexplaineachtinydetail.Wordspread.NeighborswhohadpreviouslyjustwavedpolitelystoppedtoadmireHarold'sgrowinglandscape.Childrenbroughttheirparents.Retiredworkerssharedstoriesabouttherealtrainsandtownsthemodelsrepresented.WhenthelocalelementaryschoolheardaboutHarold'sproject,theyaskedifhe'dbewillingtohostafieldtrip.Haroldwassurprised.Suddenly,classroomsofchildrenwerelearninghistory,engineering,andcreativitythroughhistinyrailroad.MayaconvincedheruncletocreateawebsiteshowingHarold'srailroad.Itwentpopularlocallyandthenregionally.Peoplestartedsendinghimminiature(微型的)pieceslikeatinywatertowerfromWisconsin.Soontherailroadbecamealivinghistorymuseum,aclassroom,andagatheringplace.Onweekends,Haroldwouldletchildrencontrolthetrains,theirsmallhandscarefullymanagingthecontrolsandtheirfaceslitupwithpurejoy.Someparentsnoticedtheirkidswerelearningpatience,precision,andstorytellingthroughthissimplehobby.BythetimeHaroldturned80,hisbackyardhadbecomeacommunitylandmark.Localschoolsincludedvisitsintotheircurriculum(課程).Retirementhomesorganizedgrouptrips.Artistsandhistoriansturnedtohim.Thetinytracksbecamesomethingmagical,showinghowpassion,creativity,andopennesscouldbuildconnectionsfarbiggerthananyonecouldimagine.27.Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthetext?A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Educationknowsnoboundaries.D.Smallthingsmakeabigdifference.D25江淮十校FrenchscientistsfromFrance'sAtomicEnergyCommission(CEA)haveannouncedtheirexperiment——carriedoutonFebruary12——hassetanewrecordof1,337secondsforkeepingormaintaininghydrogenatomsinastatecalledplasma（等離子體）,25percentlongerthanthepreviousone,whichwassetinChinalastmonth.CItmightseemoddtothinkoffatasanorgan,inpartbecausemanyoftheorganswethinkaboutaresocontained.Thereisonlyoneliver,onlytwokidneys.Butadiposetissue(脂肪組織),whichcommunicateswithstomach,brainandimmunesystem,isstoredalloverthebody.Themostabundantform,whiteadiposetissue,isbeneaththeskin.Wewronglyassociatethistissuewithlaziness.Instead,itisfullofenergy.Eachcellcontainsalargedropofliquidfilledwithmultichainedmolecules(多鏈分子),whichitreleasesasfuel.Thetissue’sabilitytogrowandshrinkisafeature,notabug.Itisconstantlyswellinganddraining,takingupenergyandsendingitoutagainmultipletimesperday.Thankstofat,ourbiochemistryfunctionsmoothly.(26蕪湖師大附中）13.What’sthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Thefunctionsoffatinourbody.B.Theharmoffatcausedtoourbody.C.Thecommunicationoforgansinourbody.D.Thecomponentsofadiposetissueinourbody.A2.段首句（尾句）串線法把每段的首句和尾句串起來(lái)，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)作者在“埋線索”。?方法：首先提取文章中每段的開頭和結(jié)尾句，然后把這些句子串聯(lián)起來(lái)，形成一個(gè)文章的大意。轉(zhuǎn)折處尤其要注意，因?yàn)檗D(zhuǎn)折通常代表了文章立場(chǎng)或核心思想的變化。C(25一卷）

Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,

transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especially

amongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere'stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBr?mmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.Intheirnewbook

Movement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市長(zhǎng))tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcars.Thecars

on

roads

has

been

increasing

rapidly.In

Australia

we

now

have

over

twentymillion

cars

for

just

over

twenty--sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan'tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveitright:it'stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Why

the

Rush?

B.What's

Next?C.Where

to

Stay?

D.Who

to

Blame?AC（25二卷）WhenSonjaDetrinidadopenedheronlineshopsellinghouseplants,shedidn'thavehighhopesforit.Buttheoppositehappened:Shewasflooded,shippingout1,200ordersinJuneof2020alone.Inthepastyear,Detrinidadsentoutmorethan70,000plants.Hersuccessisjustoneexampleofincreasedtimeathomeleadingtoanexplosioninthehouseplantindustry.“Plantsareinfashionrightnow,”saysDr.MelindaKnuth,aresearcherfromtheUniversityofFlorida.“Peoplewholiveinplant-richenvironmentsreportahigherlifesatisfactionrating,”shesays.“Addingmorenaturetoourenvironmentcanchangeourmoodandhowwethink.”Plantscanimproveourstateofmindinafewwaysbutthebiggestisbydecreasingourlevelofcortisol,thestresshormone（激素）inourbody.“Studentswhoarearoundplantsperformbetteracademicallythanstudentswhoareinaclassroomwithoutplants,”saysKnuth.“Thisproductivityalsotranslatesintotheworkplaceforadults.Ourstudyshowedthattherewasa30%decreaseinsickleaveforpeoplewhowereinplant-richworkplaces.”Ifyou'reamongthegroupsofpeoplewhoareenjoyingthementalandphysicalhealthbenefitsofsurroundingyourselfwithplants,don'tbeatyourselfupifone（orafew!）doesn'tmakeit.“Doctorspracticemedicineandlawyerspracticelawandyoushouldallowyourselfthepracticeittakestosustainaplant.Tendingtoplantsisanexerciseinpatienceandlearning.Beinvestedintakingcareofit,butifitdies,gogetanotherone,”Detrinidadsays.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TimetoReplaceHouseplants B.PlantsBoostYourMoodC.TipsonChoosingHouseplants D.PlantsBrightenYourHomeB合肥最后一卷

D3.高頻詞法哪些詞出現(xiàn)頻率高？哪些詞用不同方式反復(fù)出現(xiàn)？?方法：文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞通常與文章的主旨密切相關(guān)。尤其注意文章中的同義改寫，重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的主題詞就是文章的中心思想。比如，文章反復(fù)提到“climatechange”，那么這篇文章的主旨可能與氣候變化有關(guān)。25江南十校D4.題干串聯(lián)法題干中反復(fù)提到的詞一般就是主題詞或主題事物D（25.10江南十校）InCostaRica,evensmallareasoftreecovercanreducethepresenceofinvasive(入侵的)mosquitospeciesknowntospreaddiseaseslikedenguefever(登革熱),accordingtoaStanfordUniversity-ledstudypublishedonMay28inLandscapeEcology.Thefindingscaninformlandusedecisionsandtree-plantingstrategiesinruralareas,accordingtotheresearchers.Usingfieldobservationsandsatellitedataonlandcoverforanareaofforests,farms,andresidentialareasinsouthernCostaRica,theresearchersfoundthepresenceoftheAedesalbopictusmosquito,adenguevector(媒介),decreasedinareaswithmoretreecoverwhilethetotalnumberofmosquitospeciesincreased.Morespeciesdemandmorespaceandresources,makingitharderforaninvasivespeciestofindunoccupiedspaceorresources.CostaRicahasnumerousmosquito-bornediseasesandtwoinvasivemosquitospeciesservingasvectors.Theforestssurveyedinthestudyhostedahighdiversityofmosquitospecies,noneofwhichwerethedenguevectorAedesalbopictus.Residentialareas,bycontrast,hadmuchfewermosquitospeciesandwerefarmorelikelytoholdtheinvasive,disease-spreadingspecies.Agriculturalareasfellsomewhereinbetween,withoutcomesseeminglytiedtotheintensityandtypeoflanduse.Naturalhabitatsexistalongsideagricultureanddevelopmentinruralareas.InCostaRicaandbeyond,theseareascanprovidepathwaystoconservingbiodiversity.Thestudyshowsthatprotectingtreescanhelpconservebiodiversitywhilealsoreducingthelikelihoodofdiseasespread.That'sgoodnewsinthefaceofwarmertemperatures,changesinrainfall,andhumanactivitythatareenablingthespreadofmosquito-borneillnessestonewplaces.Theresearchersemphasizetheneedtodomoreresearchtounderstandhowothervectorspeciesreacttoincreasedtreecover."Weneedtoknowmoreaboutwhatdrivesdengueinruralareas,"saidstudyseniorauthorErinMordecai,associateprofessorofbiologyinStanfordUniversity."Thisworkshowsforestsandtreecovercanreducerisk,butintensifyingthisworkiscriticaltosustainingtheprogressoffightingthisrapidlyexpandingdisease."35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Mosquito-borneDiseaseRisksIncreaseB.ProtectingTreesImprovesLifeQualityC.Disease-spreadingSpeciesAreComingD.TreeCoverLimitsInvasiveMosquitoes32.Howdoesincreasedtreecoverpreventinvasivemosquitoes?33.Whatcanbeknownaboutresidentialareas?34.Whatisthesignificanceofthestudy?5.反向否定撇開原文,拿各個(gè)備選項(xiàng)去設(shè)想用它們寫出來(lái)的“文章”將是什么內(nèi)容,然后和原文對(duì)照,一一排除不符選項(xiàng);

6.排除干擾項(xiàng)范圍過(guò)大或過(guò)小：干擾選項(xiàng)通常是范圍過(guò)大或過(guò)小的內(nèi)容，例如：某段的主旨，而不是整篇文章的主旨。舉例：如果文章討論了多個(gè)話題，而干擾選項(xiàng)只集中在某一個(gè)小范圍的討論（如某段的主旨），那么這個(gè)選項(xiàng)就是干擾項(xiàng)。不要畫蛇添足：解答主旨題時(shí)，要特別小心避免選擇“過(guò)度解讀”的選項(xiàng)。文章中的主旨應(yīng)該簡(jiǎn)潔明了，而不是過(guò)于復(fù)雜的解釋或不必要的細(xì)節(jié)。B（蕪湖師大附中2026，10月）A16th-centurypainting,MadonnaandChildbyVenetianartistAntonioSolario,hasbecomethefocusofaninternationallegalbattleafterresurfacinginBritain.Stolenin1973fromamuseuminBelluno,Italy,theartworkwasrecoveredinAustriaalongsideotherstolenpiecesbutlateracquiredbyBarbaraDeDozsa,aBritishwoman,whoselatehusbandpurchasedit“ingoodfaith”thatyear.DeDozsarefusestoreturnthepainting,citingBritain’sLimitationAct1980,whichensureslegalownershiptobuyersofstolengoodsifpurchasedinnocentlyandheldforoversixyears.However,ItalianauthoritiesandartlawyerChristopherMarinelloarguetheworkremainsstolenproperty.Thepaintingwasidentifiedin2017whenDeDozsaattemptedtoauction(拍賣)it,drawingspecialattentionfromInter-policeandItalianpolicedatabases.Duetothedelaysforsomeunstoppablereason,Italymissedthedeadlinetosubmitlegaldocuments,leadingBritishpolicetoreturnthepaintingtoDeDozsain2020.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheChallengesofArtHeritagePreservationB.AStolenPainting’sRecoveryThroughEuropeC.OwnershipDisputeUnderDifferentLegalSystemsD.AlegalBattleOvera16th-CenturyStolenMasterpieceD4.WhathappenedtothepaintingMadonnaandChild?5.WhatempowersDeDozsatodefendherlegalownership?6.AccordingtoMarinello,whycan’tDeDozsasellthepainting?A.Itremainsstolenpropertyunderlaw.D.Themuseumhasalreadyreclaimeditthroughlegalmeans.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?CJackStrange,apassionatewriter,haddreamedoflandingapublishingdealforyears.Whenitfinallyhappened,hewasoverjoyed.However,hisexcitementwasshort-livedwhenhediscoveredthatsomeofhisself-publishedbookshadbeenpirated(盜版)andappearedonLibGen,ashadowlibrarythathostsmillionsofbooksandpaperstakenwithoutpermission.Hisworks,alongwiththoseofmanyotherauthors,werebeingusedtotrainAIsystemslikeMeta’sLlama,whichraisedseriousconcernsaboutcopyrightandcompensation(補(bǔ)償).Llamaisalargelanguagemodelthat,likeotherAIsystemssuchasChatGPT,usesvastamountsofdatatopredictandgeneratetext.Whiletechcompaniesarguethatsuchd