專題09名詞性從句

（A

目錄

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必備知識(shí)梳理1

高頻考點(diǎn)精講7

進(jìn)階分級(jí)練13

\）

!學(xué)考要求速覽

核心知識(shí)掌握要求：高考明確要求考生系統(tǒng)掌握名詞性從句的四類基本類型及用法——主語從句、

賓語從句、表語從句需熟練運(yùn)用，同位語從句需理解基本規(guī)則。核心考點(diǎn)聚焦連接詞的辨析與運(yùn)用，包括that

（無意義不充當(dāng)成分）、what（表”……的”且作成分）、wheiher/if（表是否"）及wh-系列連接詞

（who/why/how等）的區(qū)別，同時(shí)需掌握句子語序、否定前移、時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)等規(guī)則，以及名詞性從句與定語

從句、狀語從句的界限劃分。例如that在主語從句、表語從句中不可省略，而賓語從句中可省略；what在

從句中必作主語、賓語等成分，這是高頻考查的易混點(diǎn)。

命題形式與考查側(cè)重：考查主要分布在語法填空、短文改錯(cuò)兩大題型，寫作中也常需運(yùn)用以提升表達(dá)

準(zhǔn)確性。從命題規(guī)律看，賓語從句考查頻率最高（10年17考），其次是表語從句、主語從句，同位語從

句考查相對(duì)較少，但均以連接詞選擇為核心設(shè)問方向。近五年真題顯示，what的用法考查最頻繁（5年5

考），wh。、how、why等連接詞的考查累計(jì)達(dá)7次，且命題均融入具體語境，要求結(jié)合上下文判斷從句類

型與邏輯關(guān)系，而非單純考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。

語境運(yùn)用與細(xì)節(jié)規(guī)范：高考強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞性從句在語境中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力，如語法填空中需根據(jù)從句成分

缺失情況選擇連接詞（缺主語用what,缺狀語用how）,短文改錯(cuò)中常涉及that多余、whether與if誤

用等問題。同時(shí)注重固定句型與細(xì)節(jié)規(guī)范，如主語從句常用it作形式主語的句型（Itisob、Musthat...）、表

語從句的固定結(jié)構(gòu)（Thereasonisthat...）,以及賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)原則（主句為過去時(shí)，從句用相應(yīng)過去

時(shí)態(tài)，客觀真理除外）。這些要求既考查基礎(chǔ)語法知識(shí)，更側(cè)重考生在語篇中準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用從句的綜合能力。

\必備知識(shí)梳理\

知設(shè)點(diǎn)一主語從句

主語從句：在句中充當(dāng)主語

主語從句可位于句首，也可借助“it”作形式主語，將真正主語從句后置（避免句子頭重腳輕）。

引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分例句

Thathewillcometoourvillagetomorrowsurprises

that不作任何成分（也沒有詞匯意義）

usall.他明天來我們村，讓我們都很驚訝。

Whetherwecanhavecleandrinkingwaterdepends

onwhateffectivemeasureswillbetakenbythe

whether不作任何成分（意為是否）

governmentaboutwaterpollution.我們是否有干凈

的水喝，取決于政府關(guān)于水污染采取什么有效措施。

續(xù)表

引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分例句

Whateverisworthdoingatallis

worthdoingwell.凡是值得做的

事，就值得做好。

what/whatever,who/whoever主語、賓語、表語Whoeverisinahurryshowsthat

thethingheisaboutistoobigfor

him.不管是誰，匆匆忙忙只能說

明他不足以勝任他所從事的工作。

Howhebecamerichovernightis

stillapuzzle.他是如何一夜暴富

仍然是一個(gè)謎。

when?where,how,why狀語Wherewewillgofor(heholidayis

beingdiscussedattheclass

meeting.我們正在班會(huì)上討論將

去哪里度假。

Whichgroupdidthebestjobwill

bedecidedafterthematch.哪一個(gè)

小組做得最好，比賽后才能決定。

which/whichever+名詞，whose定語Whosespeechispopulardepends

onthereflectionfromrheaudience.

誰的演講最受歡迎，取決于聽眾的

反應(yīng)。

知浜點(diǎn)二賓語從句

賓語從句：在句中充當(dāng)賓語（常跟在動(dòng)詞、介詞后）

1.動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句：常見動(dòng)詞有say,think,believe,know,wonder,decide等。

例句1:Shetoldmethatshewouldstudyabroadnextyear.（她告訴我她明年要出國(guó)留學(xué)。）（that可省略）

例句2：Iwonderif/whctherhewillcallmetonight.（我想知道他今晚是否會(huì)給我打電話。）（表“是否”可

用if/whether,無區(qū)別）

例句3：Hedoesn'tknowwhatheshoulddonext.（他不知道接下來該做什么。）（what在從句中作賓語）

2.介詞后的賓語從句：常見介詞有about,of,on,in等，此時(shí)不可用if,需用whether；that不可省略。

例句1：Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweshouldchangeourplan.（我們正在討論是否應(yīng)該改變計(jì)劃。）（不

可用if）

例句2：Ihavenoideaofwhatheisdoingnow.（我不知道他現(xiàn)在在做什么。）

例句3：SheisconfidentinihMshecanpass[heexam.（她有信心能通過考試。）（that不可省略）

引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分例句

Imightsaythatsuccessiswonbythree

不作任何成分（也沒things:first,effort;second,moreeffort;

that

有詞匯意義）third,stillmoreeffort.我可以說成功要靠

三件事才能贏得：努力，努力，再努力。

Myquestionliesinwhetherwecangetthe

不作任何成分（意為

if/whethermoney.我的問題是我們是否能得到那筆

“是否"）

資金。

PleasedowhatItoldyou.請(qǐng)你按照我說

的去做。

what/whatcvcr>who/whocvcr主語、賓語、表語CanIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofthe

company?我可以和公司負(fù)責(zé)人談一下

嗎？

Theauthoritydoesn'ttellwhenthe

registrationwillstartonline.官方并沒有

透露何時(shí)開始在線注冊(cè)。

when,where,how,why狀語

Themanagementstillhavenotdecidedon

wherewewillholdthemeeting.管理層仍

未決定我們?cè)谀睦锱e行會(huì)議。

續(xù)表

引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分例句

Itoldhimhecouldchoosewhicheverseat

helikesinourmeetingroom.我告訴他，

他可以在我們會(huì)議室選擇任何一個(gè)他喜

which/whichever,歡的座位。

定語

whoseIdon'tknowwhoseexercisebookitis,so

Ican'ttellwhichstudentdoesn'thandin

hishomework.我不知道這是誰的作業(yè)

本，所以不能斷定哪個(gè)學(xué)生沒有交作業(yè)。

知識(shí)點(diǎn)三表語從句

表語從句：在句中充當(dāng)表語

表語從句跟在系動(dòng)詞后（常見系動(dòng)詞：be,look,seem,become,turn等），表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞用法與主語

從句基本一致，需注意兩點(diǎn)：①表“是否”時(shí)用whether,不用if；②常用固定句型“thisiswhy...（這

就是……的原因）”"thereasonisthat…（原因是……）

引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分例句

Thetragedyoftheworldisthat

thosewhoarcimaginativehavebut

slightexperience,andthosewhoare

that不作任何成分（也沒有詞匯意義）experiencedhavefeeble

imagination.世界的悲劇就在于有

想象力的人缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的

人缺乏想象力。

續(xù)表

引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分例句

Myquestioniswhetherthey

不作任何成分（意為“是willsupporttheplan.我的問

whether

否”）題是他們是否會(huì)支持這個(gè)計(jì)

劃。

Experienceiswhatyouget

whenyoudon'tgetwhatyou

want.經(jīng)驗(yàn)是當(dāng)你沒得到想

what/whatcvcr?which,who主語、賓語、表語得到之物時(shí)所得到的東西。

Thequestioniswhowill

offertohelp.問題是誰愿意

主動(dòng)提供幫助。

Thisiswhyhedidn'tattend

theclasstheotherday,這就

when,where,how,why狀語

是為什么他前幾天沒有來上

課的原因。

Thequestioniswhenhecan

arrivethehotel.問題是他什

么時(shí)候能到達(dá)賓館。

Whatconcernsparentsmost

iswhichactivitybenefitsthe

childrenmost.家長(zhǎng)關(guān)注的

是哪種活動(dòng)對(duì)孩子們最有

which/whichever,whose定語益。

Theissueiswhosedesignis

popularwithmoststudents.

問題是誰的設(shè)計(jì)最受學(xué)生歡

迎。

注意：because,asif/asthough也能引導(dǎo)表語從句。

知識(shí)點(diǎn)四同位語從句

同位語從句：在名詞后作同位語，解釋說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容（常見名詞：fact,news,idea,plan,suggestion,

truth,doubt等）

引導(dǎo)詞特點(diǎn):①常用that引導(dǎo)，that無實(shí)際含義，不充當(dāng)成分，不可省略;②表“是否”時(shí)用whether,

不用if；③連接副詞when/where/why可引導(dǎo)，需結(jié)合名詞含義選擇（如news后可用when/where,doubt

后可用whether）o

例句：

Thenewsthatourteamwonthegamemadeeveryoneexcited.（我們隊(duì)贏了比賽的消息讓所有人都很興奮。）

（that解釋news的內(nèi)容，不可省略）

Ihaveadoubtwhetherhewillkeephispromise.（我懷疑他是否會(huì)遵守承諾。）（doubt后用whether,表

“不確定”）

Heputforwardasuggestionthatweshouldholdacharitysale.（他提出了一個(gè)建議：我們應(yīng)該舉辦一場(chǎng)義

賣。）（that解釋suggestion的內(nèi)容）

Doyourememberthedaywhenwevisitedthemuseumtogether?（你還記得我們一起參觀博物館的那--天

嗎？）（when引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋day的具體時(shí)間）

引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分例句

ThenewsthathewontheNobelPrizespread

that不作任何成分（也沒有詞匯意義）

quickly.他獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的消息迅速傳開。

續(xù)表

引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分例句

Ihavenoideawhetherhegraduatedfrom

whether不作任何成分（意為“是否”）

university.我不知道他是否大學(xué)畢業(yè)了。

1havenoideawhattheydidwiththemselveslast

what主語、賓語、表語

Sunday.我不知道上周日他們?nèi)绾味冗^的。

續(xù)表

引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所作成分例句

Ihavenoideawhentheyareaskedto

when/where/how/why狀語handintheirpapers.我不知道他們被

要求什么時(shí)候交論文。

注意：同位語從句前面的名詞往往是表示事實(shí)的抽象名詞，說明這些名詞的內(nèi)容。

belief信念hope希望news消息

advice建議idea想法order命令

doubt懷疑fact事實(shí)possibility可能性

wish愿望promise諾言thought想法

｝高頻考點(diǎn)精講（

考點(diǎn)一：主語從句

典型例題?

例1.（2021?新高考I卷）issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout—of—this

—worldscenes.

例2.（2020?江蘇高考）Itisnotaproblemwecanwinthebattle;ifsjustamatterof

time.

例J3.exactlythepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeisuncertain,butitwasprobablyaround1565.

即時(shí)演練?

1.doesnotkillyouwillmakeyoustronger!HuaweiwithstoodstrictsanctionsfromtheUSgovernment,

andnowisabletoproduceitsown5Gphones.

2.Itiswell-knowntheChineseinventedthecompass.

3.thistrendsuggestsisthatpeople'sshifttoremoteworkcontributestotheslowreboundofthesenior

housingmarket.

4.Howcanyoufigureoutwhethertoavoidortofaceuptoyourfeelings?Dr.Kross,anemotionresearcher,

suggestedaskingyourscll;"IsI'mdoingmakingmefbclbetterabouttheprobleminfrontofme?”

考點(diǎn)二：賓語從句

典型例題?

彳列I.Theteachermakesitarulenooneisallowedtousemobilephonesinclass.

例2.AIleamsfromourhabits(ohelpusfindwewantandlike.

例3.Ihaveseenvigorouslytheygrowwithoutme.

即時(shí)演練?

1.Idon'tknowhewillcomenot.

2.Thiswillallowyoutoseegenres(類型)workforyourgroup.

3.Peopletravelthousandsofkiloireterstosectheaurora,andtheycanneverbesureitwill

happen.Butdoseeitsay(hattheywillneverforgetii.

4.Anentrepreneurcandetermineotherbusinessesintheareaaredoingandhowtheysucceedby

conductingacompetitiveanalysis.

5.Herememberswhenhewantedtotakeabath,hehadtoheatthewaterupwithfirewoodandthen

transportthewaterinabuckettothebathtub.

考點(diǎn)三：表語從句

典型例題?

例I.Iwillattendanimportantmeeting,andthisisIcan'tgotothebookstorewithyou.

例2.Whatwecansayisthatthisis(hebrainslooklikeofkidswhospendalotoftimeonscreens.And

it'snotjustonepattern.

例3.WhatstruckmedeeplywasEnglishsurroundedinconcemore,apersistentreflectionofthe

familiarityIdidn'trealizeI'dgrowntiredof.

即時(shí)演練?

1.MysuggestionisyoushoulddomorepracticeinthemorningtopromoteyourspokenEnglish.

2.MyfirsttermofcollegehadpassedatlastandIgotstraightA's.That'sIwanttosharemystory——to

helpotherstudentsfeellesslonely.

3.MyopinionisteenageyearsarctotallymagicalandIdliketobeateenagerforever.

4.Thal'smostpelcalsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,which

theydon'tusuallylike.

5.Thereasonforhisabsenceatthemeetingwashedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.

考點(diǎn)四：同位語從句

典型例題?

例1.Thestoryalsosupportstheideatheballgamewassometimesusedforthepurposesofdivination.

例2.TheteachergaveusasuggestionweshouldpracticewritinganEnglishessayregularlytoimprove

ourskills.

例3.Thereisageneralbeliefsittingforalongtimedoesdamagetoourhealth.

即時(shí)演練?

1.Somanyofushavethebeliefbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,...

2.ThereislittledoubtChinahaspresentedtotheworldasuccessfulandpowerfulcountry.

3.Thereisstillsomedoubt(heautumnsportsmeetwillbeheldinourschool.

4.Peopleusedtoholdthebelieftheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.

5.Ihavenoideashewillcomeornot.

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.Thereasonwhyhewaslateishisbikebrokedownontheway.

A.becauseB.thatC.forD.as

2.Heaskedme________1wasreadingatthattime.

A.thatB.whatC.whereD.when

3.Idon'tunderstandyousaidjustnow.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.how

4.Iwanttoknowyouwillcomebackat8:00tomorrow.

A.thatB.whenC.whetherD.where

5.isknowntousallisthatthe2024OlympicswillbeheldinParis.

A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.Which

6.Mentalhealthinvolvesyouprocessthingssuchasstressandanxiety.

A.howB.whatC.whyD.which

7.ShesaidshewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.

A.thatB.whatC.ifD.where

8.hemanagedtofinishthemarathoninspiredhisclassmalestopushtheirlimitsinsports.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.When

9.Thegroupofdancersdiscussedtheyshoulddonexttoimprovetheirperformance.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether

10.Martinsavedawomanfromaburninghouselastweek.Thatwashewaspraisedandawardedaprize

atthepresentationyesterday.

A.whyB.whatC.becauseD.how

11.Sheherhomeworkwhenthepowerwasoffandthatwasshewassoangry.

A.isdoing;becauseB.wasdoing;because

C.wasdoing;whyD.isdoing;why

12.Thereasonwhyhemadesuchgreatprogressishealwayskeptanopenmindtonewideas.

A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.when

13.Withhisconiinuouseffons,hegotsuperhighgrades.ThatwashewasadminedintoShenzhen

ExperimentalSchool.

A.whyB.becauseC.whenD.what

14.WhentalkingaboutherEnglishlearningexperience,Marysaid,“Practicingeverydayismy

teacherhastoldme—it'sthekeytcimprovinglanguageskills.^^

A.howB.whichC.whatD.when

15.Whenwefightforourgoals,wewillbedevotedtow,aredoingandtrytoimproveourselves.

A.WhomB.thatC.whatD.when

二、單句語法填空

1.（2020?天津高考）Thestudentcompletedthisexperimenttomakecometrue

ProfessorJosephhadsaid.

2.（202（）?浙江高考）Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlessoncouldbe

huntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.

3.（2019?全國(guó)卷I）Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidencetheyrangeall

thewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.

4.（2019?北京高考）Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethanthey

go-

5.（2018北京高考）\\^汕。111hissupport,wewouldn'tbewearenow.

6.（2018?北京高考）Thisismyfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesand

hopeforthebest.

7.（2018?天津高考）Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedtowinsthefirstplaceinthe

bicyclerace.

8.（2018?江蘇高考）Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichiswearrived.

能力強(qiáng)化?

一、閱讀理解

A

Londonisacityalwaysunderconstructionanditsarchitecturevariesgreatlybetweenoldandnew.Whether

you'reanarchitectureenthusiastoracasualvisitor,Londonhaslotsofcoolbuildingstooffer.Herearcsomeofthe

bestexamples:

HousesofParliament

SituatedonthebankoftheThames,thebuildingwasdesignedbyarchitectSirCharlesBarryandcompleted

in1834.It'sconnectedtotheElizabethTower,whichhousesBigBen.Guidedtoursarcavailable,withoptionsfor

familieswithyoungkids.Tbursareavailableonselectdates,socheckonlineinadvancebeforevisiting.

NationalTheatre

DesignedbySirDenysLasdunandPeterSoftley,NationalTheatreisoneofLondon'sbestplacestoenjoy

concertsandplays.Itcontainsthreedifferenttheatersandhasbecomeamust-godestinationforvisitorssinceits

completionin1963.Theconcertsandplayscanbeextremelypopular,withticketssellingoutfarinadvance,sobe

suretobookseatsaheadofyourvisit.

TheShard

TheShardstands95storiesoverLondon.IlwasdesignedbyItalianarchitectRenzoPianoandcompletedin

2012.Itcontainsoffices,restaurantsandbars,theShangri-LaHotelandapublicviewinggallery.Theviewing

platform,whichoffers360-degreeviews,canbefoundonfloors68,69and72,andisLondon'shighestviewing

gallery.Besuretobookatimedticketinadvancewhenvisiting.

RoyalAlbertHall

Completedin1871,theconcerthallisalsohometotheannualBAFTAAwards.Ithasalonghistoryof

famousperfbnuances,fromhostingtheTitanicBandMemorialConcertin1912tobeingthesiteofAdele's

performancein2011.Manyconcertstakeplacehereeveryweek,sothereisnoneedtobookticketsonlinein

advance.

1.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?

A.HousesofParliament.B.NationalTheatre.

C.TheShard.D.RoyalAlbertHall.

2.WhatdoNationalTheatreandRoyalAlbertHallhaveincommon?

A.Theybothrequireearlybooking.

B.Theywerebothdesignedbythesamearchitects.

C.Theyarebothespeciallyattractivetomusiclovers.

D.Theywerebothbuiltinthefirsthalfofthesamecentury.

3.What'sthetextmainlyintendedtointroduce?

A.Somemust-go(raveldestinationsinLondon.

B.SomeofthecoolestbuildingsinLondon.

C.AmazingsceneryLondonhasinstoreforvisitors.

D.ComparisonsbetweenLondon'soldandnewbuildings.

B

ChenMei,a32-year-oldcommunityworkerinGuangzhou,hasbeenhelpingelderlyresidentslearntouse

smartphonesfbr4years.Manyoldpeopleinhercommunityusedtofeelout”becausetheycouldn'torder

takeout,paybillsonline,orvideo-calltheirgrandchildren-allofwhichrequiresmartphoneskills.

Tosolvethisproblem,Chenstarteda“SmartphoneClass”in2020.EverySaturdaymorning,shemeetswith

15-20elderlypeopleinthecommunitycenter.Sheteachesthemsimpleskillsfirst:howtounlockthephone,how

toopenWcChat,andhowtosendvoicemessages.Later,shemovestomoreusefulskills,likeorderinggrocerieson

JDDaojiaorcheckingmedicalappointmentresultsonthehospital'sapp.

Chen'sclassesarcpopular.Mrs.Li,78,said,t4Bcfbrc,1hadtoaskniysontopaymyelectricitybillevery

iiiuiilli.NowIcanduilmyself!Ievenvidcu-uallmygianddauglilciinBeijingcvciyweekend.''Tumakeitcabici

fortheelderlytoremember,Chenwritesdownstep-by-stepinstructionsonlargecards—sheknowstheireyesight

isn'tasgoodasyoungpeople's.

Lastyear,Chen'sworkwasrecognizedbythelocalgoveninient.Shereceiveda“CommunityServiceSlar”

award,butshesaid,“Therealrewardisseeingtheelderssmilewhentheycanusethephoneontheirown.That's

whyIkeepdoingthis.^^

4.HowlonghasChenMeibeenhelpingtheelderlylearntousesmartphones?

A.2yearsB.3yearsC.4yearsD.5years

5.Whydidmanyelderlypeoplefeel“l(fā)eftouf5accordingtoParagraph1?

A.Theyhadnoonetotalkto.

B.Theycouldn'tusesmartphones.

C.Theydidn'thavefamilymembers.

D.Theycouldn'tgooutoftheirhomes.

6.WhatdoesChenMeidotohelptheelderlyremembertheskills?

A.Shegivesthemnewsmartphones.

B.Sheaskstheirchildrentojointheclass.

C.Shewritesinstructionsonlargecards.

D.Sherecordsvideosforthemtowatch.

7.Theunderlinedword“recognized“inParagraph4probablymeans.

A.praisedandrewarded

B.doubtedandquestioned

C.forgottenandignored

D.refusedandrejected

8.WhatcanweleanifromChenMei'sstory?

A.Communityworkisboring.

B.Helpingothersbringshappiness.

C.Elderlypeopledon'tneedsmartphones.

D.Onlyyoungpeoplecanusesmartphones.

C

Wayfinding—theartofnavigatingusingthewind,stars,oceanswells,andotherenvironmentalcues——was

howsailorsfromtheMarquesasIslandsfirstdiscoveredHawaiimorethan1500yearsago.Theseskillsarehelping

torestoreasenseofprideinPacificIslandcultureandheritage.Butbeyondthat,wayfindingholdssurprising

relevancefortherestofuslandlubbingurbanites（從未出過海的城里人）,evenifwehavenointentionofcrossing

vastoceansinacanoc.

Wayfindingishowhumanshavefoundtheirwayformostofcurexistence.It'swhatenabledtheaboriginals,

ArabnomadsandInuitstojourneyacrossmonotonous（單t周的）yetshiftinglandscapesofland,desert,andicc.

Traditionalnavigationisabout“usingeverythingthat'sprovidedtoyouinnature”,saysJuniorColeman,who

overseessailingandseamanshipinhisowncompany.uWeusealltheelementsandforcesinnature—thesun,stars,

moon,waves,currents,cloudsanddifferentanimals.Allofthose.”

OneofColeman'sfavoritecues,fbrinstance,istheNorthStar."It'sveryreliablewhenyousailnorthofthe

equator.Asyougotowardsi（,i（appearstogethigherinthesky,soitkindofcorrespondswithyourlatitude（緯度）.

Anothercueisoceanswells一wavesformedbypermanentweathersystems,suchastradewinds,thatcantravel

hundredsofmiles.Subilechangesiniheirrefraction（折射）pauernscanindicateanislandanditslocation.Bui

learningto“read"suchswellsisoneofthehardestskillstomaster-navigatorsoftenspeakoflyingdownontheir

canoestofeel,ratherthansee,suchwaves.

Colemanencourageseveryonetogivenaturalnavigationago,“Ipromiseyou,thebrainjustlovesit,“he

says,“there'salmostnootherartthatIcanthinkofwhereyoucanexerciseyourbraininafantasticallypositive

way.”

9.What'sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Toputforwardanargument.B.Todescribeahistoricalfact.

C.Tomakereadersthinkdeeply.D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.

10.Wha(doesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.JuniorColemansucc