中考英語(yǔ)對(duì)話補(bǔ)全必背句型匯編在中考英語(yǔ)“對(duì)話補(bǔ)全”題型中，能否精準(zhǔn)捕捉語(yǔ)境邏輯、熟練調(diào)用核心句型，直接影響答題準(zhǔn)確率。這類題型既考查語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的積累，也考驗(yàn)對(duì)交際場(chǎng)景的理解能力。下面結(jié)合中考考綱要求與歷年真題規(guī)律，按功能場(chǎng)景梳理必背句型，輔以示例解析，幫助同學(xué)們建立“場(chǎng)景—句型—應(yīng)用”的關(guān)聯(lián)記憶。一、問(wèn)候與介紹：開(kāi)啟對(duì)話的“敲門磚”日常寒暄、初次見(jiàn)面是對(duì)話補(bǔ)全的高頻場(chǎng)景，需區(qū)分正式/非正式問(wèn)候、自我介紹/他人介紹的表達(dá)邏輯。核心句型清單：日常問(wèn)候：Howareyou?（回應(yīng)：I'mfine/OK,thanks.Andyou?）How'severythinggoing?（回應(yīng)：Prettygood!/Justso-so.）Longtimenosee!（回應(yīng)：Yeah,it'sbeenages!）正式問(wèn)候：Howdoyoudo?（回應(yīng)同句，用于初次見(jiàn)面的正式場(chǎng)合）自我介紹：Letmeintroducemyself.I'm...（適用于主動(dòng)介紹）I'm+姓名/I'mfrom+地點(diǎn)（簡(jiǎn)潔版自我介紹）介紹他人：Thisis...（當(dāng)面介紹，如：Thisismyclassmate,Amy.）MayIintroduce...toyou?（禮貌性介紹，如：MayIintroducemyteachertoyou?）回應(yīng)介紹：Nicetomeetyou!（非正式）Pleasedtomakeyouracquaintance.（正式）對(duì)話示例（真題改編）：A:Hello,John!______?B:I'mdoingwell.Thanksforasking.______,thisismycousinMike.C:Nicetomeetyou,John!A:Nicetomeetyoutoo,Mike!答案解析：第一空根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“I'mdoingwell”，應(yīng)填How'sitgoing（日常問(wèn)候）；第二空根據(jù)“thisismycousin”的介紹邏輯，填Thisis。二、請(qǐng)求與允許：禮貌表達(dá)的“分寸感”請(qǐng)求幫助、征求許可的場(chǎng)景中，委婉語(yǔ)氣（could/would）和明確回應(yīng)（同意/拒絕的規(guī)范答語(yǔ)）是得分關(guān)鍵。核心句型清單：委婉請(qǐng)求：Couldyou...?（如：Couldyoupassmethepen?）Wouldyoumind(doing)...?（回應(yīng)：Ofcoursenot./You'dbetternot.）MayI...?（如：MayIuseyourdictionary?）回應(yīng)請(qǐng)求（同意）：Sure!/Ofcourse./Withpleasure.Noproblem./Goahead.回應(yīng)請(qǐng)求（拒絕，需委婉）：I'msorry,but...（如：I'msorry,butI'mbusynow.）I'dliketo,but...（如：I'dliketohelp,butIhavetogo.）對(duì)話示例（真題改編）：A:Excuseme.______useyourphonetocallmymom?Ileftmineathome.B:______,butmyphoneisoutofpower.A:That'sOK.Thankyouallthesame.答案解析：第一空表請(qǐng)求，用MayI（委婉語(yǔ)氣）；第二空根據(jù)“butmyphone...”的轉(zhuǎn)折，填I(lǐng)'dliketo（先表愿意，再說(shuō)明拒絕原因）。三、道歉與感謝：情感交際的“潤(rùn)滑劑”道歉的真誠(chéng)性、感謝的得體性是這類場(chǎng)景的考查重點(diǎn)，需掌握道歉原因+補(bǔ)救措施、感謝程度+回應(yīng)感謝的表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)。核心句型清單：道歉：I'msorry(for...).（如：I'msorryforbeinglate.）Iapologizefor...（正式版，如：Iapologizeformymistake.）Howcarelessofme!（自責(zé)式道歉）回應(yīng)道歉：Nevermind./Itdoesn'tmatter.That'sallright./Forgetit.感謝：Thanksalot!/Thankyousomuch!It'sverykindofyou(to...).（如：It'sverykindofyoutohelpme.）回應(yīng)感謝：Don'tmentionit./Anytime.對(duì)話示例（真題改編）：A:I'msorryIbrokeyourcup.______buyyouanewone?B:______.It'sjustacheapone.A:Still,Ifeelbadaboutit.答案解析：第一空表道歉后的補(bǔ)救，填ShallI（提出解決方案）；第二空回應(yīng)道歉，填Nevermind（表示不介意）。四、建議與勸告：解決問(wèn)題的“智囊團(tuán)”給建議、勸誡他人的場(chǎng)景中，需區(qū)分委婉建議（Whynot...?）、強(qiáng)硬勸告（Youmust...）的語(yǔ)氣差異，以及對(duì)應(yīng)的回應(yīng)方式。核心句型清單：委婉建議：Whynot...?（如：Whynotgoforawalk?）Whatabout...?/Howabout...?（后接動(dòng)名詞，如：Whataboutwatchingamovie?）You'dbetter...（如：You'dbetterwearwarmclothes.）強(qiáng)硬勸告：Youmust...（如：Youmustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.）Youshould...（如：Youshouldbemorecareful.）回應(yīng)建議：Goodidea!/Thatsoundsgreat!（同意）I'mnotsure./I'drather...（不同意，委婉表達(dá)）對(duì)話示例（真題改編）：A:I'malwaystiredthesedays.______?B:______gotobedearlyanddomoreexercise?A:Thatmakessense.I'lltry.答案解析：第一空表詢問(wèn)建議，填WhatshouldIdo（征求解決辦法）；第二空提建議，填Whynot（委婉建議的典型結(jié)構(gòu)）。五、購(gòu)物與服務(wù)：生活場(chǎng)景的“實(shí)用句”購(gòu)物、就餐、咨詢服務(wù)的場(chǎng)景中，需掌握需求表達(dá)（I'dlike...）、服務(wù)詢問(wèn)（CanIhelpyou?）、價(jià)格/規(guī)格詢問(wèn)（Howmuch...?/Whatsize...?）的核心句型。核心句型清單：服務(wù)詢問(wèn)：CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?（服務(wù)員常用）表達(dá)需求：I'dliketobuy...（如：I'dliketobuyaT-shirt.）I'mlookingfor...（如：I'mlookingforapairofshoes.）詢問(wèn)細(xì)節(jié)：Howmuchisit?/Howmucharethey?（問(wèn)價(jià)格）Whatsize/colordoyouhave?（問(wèn)規(guī)格/顏色）Doyouhave...?（問(wèn)是否有某商品，如：Doyouhavethisbook?）回應(yīng)需求：Hereyouare.（遞商品）It'sonsale./It's50yuan.（報(bào)價(jià)格/優(yōu)惠）對(duì)話示例（真題改編）：A:______?B:Yes,please.I'dlikeahamburgerandacupofcoffee.A:OK.Waitamoment,please.答案解析：根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“I'dlike...”，第一空是服務(wù)員的詢問(wèn)，填CanIhelpyou。六、就醫(yī)與健康：應(yīng)急場(chǎng)景的“救命句”就醫(yī)、描述病情的場(chǎng)景中，需掌握癥狀表達(dá)（Ihavea...）、醫(yī)生詢問(wèn)（What'swrong...?）、建議醫(yī)囑（Takethismedicine...）的規(guī)范表達(dá)。核心句型清單：醫(yī)生詢問(wèn)：What'swrongwithyou?/What'sthematter?Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?描述癥狀：Ihaveaheadache/cold/fever.（常見(jiàn)病癥）Ifeelsick/tired/painful.（主觀感受）Ithurtshere.（指疼痛部位）醫(yī)囑建議：Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.Drinkmorewaterandhaveagoodrest.You'dbetterseeadoctor.（他人建議就醫(yī)）對(duì)話示例（真題改編）：A:Doctor,______?B:Letmesee.Youhaveacold.______drinkmorewaterandstayinbed.A:OK.Thankyou.答案解析：第一空患者描述不適，填I(lǐng)feelterrible（或“Ihaveaheadache”等癥狀表達(dá)）；第二空醫(yī)生提建議，填Youshould（醫(yī)囑的典型語(yǔ)氣）。七、校園與學(xué)習(xí)：備考場(chǎng)景的“高頻區(qū)”校園生活、學(xué)習(xí)交流是中考對(duì)話的核心場(chǎng)景之一，需掌握詢問(wèn)作業(yè)/課程（What'sthehomework...?）、請(qǐng)教問(wèn)題（Couldyouexplain...?）、討論學(xué)習(xí)方法（Howdoyou...?）的句型。核心句型清單：詢問(wèn)作業(yè)：What'sthehomeworkfor...?（如：What'sthehomeworkformath?）DidImissanyhomework?（請(qǐng)假后詢問(wèn)）請(qǐng)教問(wèn)題：Couldyouexplain...tome?（如：Couldyouexplainthisgrammartome?）Idon'tunderstand...（如：Idon'tunderstandthissentence.）討論方法：Howdoyoustudy...?（如：HowdoyoustudyEnglish?）Ilearnby...（回應(yīng)學(xué)習(xí)方法，如：Ilearnbyreadingaloud.）對(duì)話示例（真題改編）：A:Hi,Linda.______thehomeworkfortoday?B:Weneedtowriteapassageaboutourhobbies.A:Thanks.______ifIhaveproblems?B:Sure.Justcallmeorsendmeamessage.答案解析：第一空詢問(wèn)作業(yè)，填What's（完整句：What'sthehomework...）；第二空請(qǐng)教幫助，填WhatshouldIdo（或“CanIaskyouforhelp”）。八、出行與交通：生活必備的“導(dǎo)航句”問(wèn)路、交通方式選擇的場(chǎng)景中，需掌握問(wèn)路表達(dá)（HowcanIgetto...?）、交通方式詢問(wèn)（Whichbus...?）、回應(yīng)指路（Thanksforyourhelp.）的句型。核心句型清單：?jiǎn)柭罚篍xcuseme,howcanIgetto...?（如：howcanIgettothelibrary?）Istherea...nearhere?（如：Isthereabanknearhere?）詢問(wèn)交通：WhichbusshouldItake?Howlongwillittake?指路回應(yīng)：Gostraight,thenturn...（如：Gostraight,thenturnleft.）It'sabout...minutes'walk.（如：It'sabout10minutes'walk.）感謝指路：Thanksalotforyourhelp!對(duì)話示例（真題改編）：A:Excuseme.______gettothetrainstation?B:______theNo.1bus.Itwilltakeyouthere.A:Thankyouverymuch.答案解析：第一空問(wèn)路，填HowcanI；第二空建議交通方式，填Take（完整句：TaketheNo.1bus）。九、天氣與環(huán)境：日常閑聊的“切入點(diǎn)”談?wù)撎鞖狻h(huán)境的場(chǎng)景中，需掌握天氣詢問(wèn)（What'stheweatherlike...?）、環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)（Theairis...）的句型，以及天氣相關(guān)的形容詞（sunny,rainy,windy等）。核心句型清單：天氣詢問(wèn)：What'stheweatherliketoday?How'stheweatherin...?（如：How'stheweatherinBeijing?）天氣描述：It'ssunny/rainy/cloudy/windy.It'sgoingtorain.（預(yù)測(cè)天氣）環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)：Theairhereisfresh.Theriverispolluted.對(duì)話示例（真題改編）：A:______today?B:It'ssunny.Let'sgotothepark!A:Goodidea!答案解析：詢問(wèn)天氣，填What'stheweatherlike。十、情感與態(tài)度：對(duì)話邏輯的“調(diào)味劑”表達(dá)喜悅、擔(dān)憂、同意/不同意的場(chǎng)景中，需掌握情感表達(dá)（I'mglad...）、態(tài)度回應(yīng)（Iagree.../I'mafraid...）的句型，讓對(duì)話更具“人情味”。核心句型清單：喜悅：I'msogl