絕密★考試結(jié)束前2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期臺金七校聯(lián)盟期中聯(lián)考高二年級英語學(xué)科試題命題學(xué)校：臺州中學(xué)東校區(qū)審題學(xué)校：永康外國語學(xué)校考生須知：1.本卷共9頁，滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級、姓名、考場號、座位號及準考證號并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3.所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷上無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。選擇題部分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Whattheywilleat.B.Whowillcookdinner.C.Whentheywillhavedinner.2.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Dothecleaning.B.Havearest.C.Packsomeclothes.3.HowwillthespeakersgotoArlington?A.Onfoot.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.4.WhydoesthemanenvyShelly?A.Sheisgoodatcooking.B.Sheeatsoutquiteoften.C.Shesucceedsinbusiness.5.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutlivingintheneighborhoodnow?A.Regretful.B.Lonely.C.Satisfied.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atahotel.B.Atanairport.C.Atthewoman’shome.7.Howmanysuitcasesdoesthewomanhave?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatisthecakefor?A.Thepublicationofabook.B.Theestablishmentofanoffice.C.Thebirthdaycelebration.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandointheend?p.m.omebefore5p.m.B.Putsomelettersonthecake.C.Collectthecakefromachainstore.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Professorandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Classmates.11.WhatdoweknowaboutOlivia?A.Shewasilllastweek.B.ShelikesBritishliterature.C.Sheknowsnothingaboutthetermproject.12.WhatdoesJoeyofferOlivia?A.Materialsofalecture.B.Abookaboutanauthor.C.Alistofwriters.13.Whycan’tOliviachooseCarlosCastaneda?A.Sheisnotinterestedinhisworks.B.Sheknowslittleabouthim.C.Sheisnotallowedtodoso.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.WhyisAnnworried?A.Sheisafraidofhavingabloodtest.B.Herbloodpressureisabnormal.C.Shehasgainedalotofweight.15.WhatdoesAnnlikebest?A.Fruit.B.Vegetables.C.Fastfood.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heisonadiet.B.Heisamemberofagym.C.HemadeafitnessplanforAnn.17.WhatcanAnndoifshejoinsthegym?A.Getsuggestionsfromthetrainers.B.Haveapersonaltrainerforfree.C.Loseweightquickly.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?A.Tointroduceapany.B.Topromoteaprogram.C.Toexplainsomerules.19.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelisteners?A.Theymightbeinexperiencedinsailing.B.Theywillhaveathreeweektrip.C.Theyneedtohavecertainskills.20.Whatwillthelistenersdoduringthetrip?A.Takecourses.B.Jointhesafeguardteam.C.Workasthecrewmembers.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。ADisneylandwillalwayshaveitsmagic,butdon’tmisstheseotherthrilling,familyfriendlythemeparks,too,hometomuchlovedridesandplentyofnewexperiences.●ParcAstérix,nearParisApopularadditiontoDisneylandParis,thispark’sthemesareinspiredbythebelovedFrenchicseriesabouttheconflictbetweenancientGaulsandRomans.ItalsoboastssectionssparkedbyAncientGreekandEgyptiancultures,plusthemedonsitehotels.Nextspringwillseethelaunchofanewzone,Toutatis,witharecordbreakingrollercoaster,whilethepopularwoodenrideTonnerre2Zeuswillhaveapleteredecoration.●Moominworld,FinlandLocatedontheislandofKailoinsouthwestFinland,thischarming,summeronlyparkisappropriateforyoungerchildren.Highlightsincludeelectricallychargedmushroomlikecreatures,themedcaves,afishingattraction,andcafesservingfavouritetreats.Itbinesgentlerideswithstorytellingmagic.●Liseberg,GothenburgGermany’slargestthemeresortforallsortsofvisitors.Itincludesanamusementpark,alargewaterpark,VRexperiences,themedhotels,campsites,andspafacilities.DifferentzonesarestyledafterEuropeancountries,offeringvariedculturalflavours.●GardalandResort,Italybininganamusementpark,Legolandwaterpark,aquariumandthreethemedhotelswithabrilliantsettingbyLakeGarda,thisisItaly’stopthemepark.Newin2025hasbeentheworld’sfirstJumanjithemedride(amultimotiondarkridetakingvisitorsin4x4styledvehiclesonamissionintothejungle),alongwithJumanjithemedroomsinGardalandHotel.Smallervisitors,however,willwanttoheadstraightforPeppaPigLand.1.WhatwillbeavailablesooninParcAstérix?A.AthemedhotelinspiredbyFrenchics.B.Anewareafeaturingaworldrecordrollercoaster.C.AnexpandedsectionbasedonAncientGreekculture.D.AnewlybuiltwoodenrideknownasTonnerre2Zeus.2.WhatdoMoominworldandGardalandResorthaveinmon?A.Theybothcloseduringthewinterseason.B.Theyarebothlocatedonapicturesqueisland.C.TheybothhaveexcitingridesbasedontheJumanjimovie.D.Theybothcontainareasspecificallydesignedforyoungchildren.3.Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?AAtravelmagazine. B.Afamilytravelblog.C.Anencyclopediaentry. D.Atraveljournal.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了幾處適合家庭游玩的主題公園，包括各公園的特色、主題及新體驗?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ParcAstérix,nearParis部分“Nextspringwillseethelaunchofanewzone,Toutatis,witharecordbreakingrollercoaster(明年春天將推出一個名為Toutatis的新區(qū)域，配有一輛破紀錄的過山車)”可知，該公園即將推出一個包含破紀錄過山車的新區(qū)域。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Moominworld,Finland部分“thischarming,summeronlyparkisappropriateforyoungerchildren(這個迷人的、僅夏季開放的公園適合低齡兒童)”以及GardalandResort,Italy部分“Smallervisitors,however,willwanttoheadstraightforPeppaPigLand.(不過，小游客們會想直接前往小豬佩奇樂園)”可知，兩者都有專為低齡兒童設(shè)計的區(qū)域。故選D項。3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“don’tmisstheseotherthrilling,familyfriendlythemeparks,too,hometomuchlovedridesandplentyofnewexperiences(不要錯過其他令人興奮的、適合家庭的主題公園，那里有很多深受喜愛的游樂設(shè)施和許多新的體驗)”可知，文章圍繞“適合家庭的主題公園推薦”展開，下文詳細介紹了四個公園的亮點、適配人群及新動態(tài)，屬于旅游目的地推薦類內(nèi)容，這類信息最可能出自旅游雜志。故選A項。BTheworldsaidfarewelltoatruepioneerwiththepassingofDr.JaneGoodallin2025.Herjourney,fromaselffundedyoungwomanwithadreamtoagloballyinfluentialfigure,notonlydemonstratesthepowerofpassionandperseverance,butalsoinspiresgenerationstopursuechangewithempathyandcourage.Withnoformalscientifictraining,GoodallbeganherworkintheforestsofGombe,Tanzania.Herapproach—associatingsocloselywiththeanimalsshestudied,namingthemandevenreferringtothemas“myfriends”—wasthenconsideredunorthodoxbymanyinthescientificmunity.Despitefacingdoubt,herpatiencewasrewardedwithaseriesofdiscoveriesthatastonishedtheworld.In1960,shewitnessedchimpanzeeseatingbushpigs,overturningthelongheldbeliefthattheywerestrictvegetarians.Thatsameyear,shesawchimpsdiggingtermites(白蟻)outofahillwithastick,whichforcedexpertstoabandontheassumptionthattoolusewasauniquelyhumanskill.Later,shedocumentednotonlyactsofaggression—intergroupwarfareandevencannibalism(同類相食)—butalsogesturesofaffectionsuchasplay,griefandcare.Sometimes,theyevenacceptedherasoneoftheirown.Asherunderstandingofchimpanzeesgrew,sodidhersenseofresponsibility.Drivenbythegrowingthreatstochimpanzeesandtheirhabitats,Goodalltransitionedfromaquietobservertoatirelessglobaladvocate.ShefoundedtheJaneGoodallInstituteandlaunchedthe“Roots&Shoots”program,whichhassinceempoweredmillionsofyoungpeopleworldwidetoengageinenvironmentalprojects.“Whatyoudomakesadifference,andyouhavetodecidewhatkindofdifferenceyouwanttomake,”sheoftenstated,emphasizingindividualresponsibility.Goodall’slegacyisnotmerelyinherdiscoveries,butinherunbeatablespirit.Sheshowedthatprofoundchangebeginswithasingle,determinedindividual.Herlifestandsasalastingproofoftheideathatcuriosity,whenpairedwithaction,canreshapeourworld.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unorthodox”inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Unconventional. B.Efficient. C.Authoritative. D.Outdated.5.WhatmajorbreakthroughdidGoodallmakeaboutchimpanzeesin1960?A.Theymaintainapurevegetariandiet.B.Theyoftenengageinmunityviolence.C.Theycoulduseobjectsastoolstoobtainfood.D.Theywereasintelligentashumansinemployingtools.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutJaneGoodallaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Shesoughtglobalrecognitionforherenvironmentalprojects.B.Shebelievedthatcollectiveeffortsoutweighindividualactions.C.Sheinspiredyoungsterstocontributetoamoresustainableworld.D.Shefocusedmainlyondevelopingobservationmethodsforchimpanzees.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJaneGoodall?AInnovativeandgenerous. B.Academicanddemanding.C.mittedandtransformative. D.Indifferentandpioneering.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了簡·古道爾博士從一名無正式科學(xué)訓(xùn)練的女子成長為全球影響力人物的歷程。她以非傳統(tǒng)方式研究黑猩猩并取得重大發(fā)現(xiàn)，晚年致力于保護黑猩猩和推動環(huán)境教育，其精神激勵人們以行動改變世界?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Herapproach—associatingsocloselywiththeanimalsshestudied,namingthemandevenreferringtothemas‘myfriends’—wasthenconsideredunorthodoxbymanyinthescientificmunity.(她的方法——與她研究的動物如此親密地聯(lián)系在一起，給它們命名，甚至稱它們?yōu)椤业呐笥选诋敃r被科學(xué)界的許多人認為是……。)”以及后文“Despitefacingdoubt,herpatiencewasrewardedwithaseriesofdiscoveriesthatastonishedtheworld.(盡管遭遇了質(zhì)疑，但她始終保持著耐心，最終收獲了一系列令世人驚嘆的發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”可知，她與所研究的動物建立如此緊密聯(lián)系、給它們命名甚至稱它們?yōu)椤拔业呐笥选钡倪@種做法，遭遇了質(zhì)疑，由此推斷在科學(xué)界很多人看來這種做法是“不符合常規(guī)的”。結(jié)合選項可知，unorthodox意思最接近unconventional，意為“非傳統(tǒng)的，不合常規(guī)的”。故選A項。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thatsameyear,shesawchimpsdiggingtermites(白蟻)outofahillwithastick,whichforcedexpertstoabandontheassumptionthattoolusewasauniquelyhumanskill.(同年，她看到黑猩猩用棍子從土堆里挖白蟻，這迫使專家們放棄了工具使用是人類獨有的技能這一假設(shè)。)”可知，1960年古道爾關(guān)于黑猩猩的重大突破是發(fā)現(xiàn)它們能夠使用物體作為工具來獲取食物。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ShefoundedtheJaneGoodallInstituteandlaunchedthe‘Roots&Shoots’program,whichhassinceempoweredmillionsofyoungpeopleworldwidetoengageinenvironmentalprojects.(她創(chuàng)立了簡·古道爾研究所，并發(fā)起了‘Roots&Shoots’項目，該項目自成立以來，已賦予全球數(shù)百萬年輕人參與環(huán)保項目的能力。)”可知，簡·古道爾發(fā)起的項目讓全球數(shù)百萬年輕人參與到環(huán)保項目中，由此可推斷出她激勵年輕人為一個更可持續(xù)的世界做出貢獻。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Drivenbythegrowingthreatstochimpanzeesandtheirhabitats,Goodalltransitionedfromaquietobservertoatirelessglobaladvocate.(由于黑猩猩及其棲息地面臨的威脅日益加劇，古道爾從一位安靜的觀察者轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐晃徊恢＞氲娜虺珜?dǎo)者。)”可知，簡·古道爾對黑猩猩及其棲息地面臨的威脅感到擔憂，從觀察者轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿虺珜?dǎo)者，說明她對保護黑猩猩及其棲息地有堅定的承諾；根據(jù)最后一段“Goodall’slegacyisnotmerelyinherdiscoveries,butinherunbeatablespirit.Sheshowedthatprofoundchangebeginswithasingle,determinedindividual.Herlifestandsasalastingproofoftheideathatcuriosity,whenpairedwithaction,canreshapeourworld.(古道爾的遺產(chǎn)不僅僅在于她的發(fā)現(xiàn)，還在于她不可戰(zhàn)勝的精神。她表明，深刻的變革始于一個堅定的人。她的一生證明了一個觀點，即好奇心與行動相結(jié)合可以重塑我們的世界。)”可知，她通過自己的行動和倡導(dǎo)，對黑猩猩保護和環(huán)境保護產(chǎn)生了深遠影響，改變了人們對黑猩猩的認知，也激勵了無數(shù)人參與到環(huán)保行動中，具有變革性。所以，簡·古道爾是一個有堅定承諾和變革性的人，C選項“mittedandtransformative.(堅定且具有變革性。)”符合題意。故選C項。CModerncarsarenolongerjusttransportmachines—theyareessentiallysmartphonesonwheels.Fordrivers,thisbringsconvenience:automaticbraking,GPS,entertainment,andmore.Yetcarmakersgainsomethingevenmorevaluable—data.Today’svehiclesconstantlyrecordweight,speed,routes,andevencontactswhenphonesareconnected.Thisraisesacrucialquestion:whoownsandcontrolsthisdata,andhowisitused?Theanswerremainsunclear.Mostownersunknowinglygiveuprightsthroughfineprintsentencesinpurchasecontracts(合同).Likesmartphones,carscollectuserdata,butfewdriversrealizeit.Withphones,wetradeprivacyforconvenienceconsciously;withcars,thattradeoccurswithoutawareness.Whatfollowsisequallyconcerning.Carmakersclaimdataboostsafetyandperformance,yettheycansellittothirdpartieslikeinsurancepanies.Drivingbehavior—speed,braking,seatbeltuse—canallbemonetized(獲利).Unlikephoneswhereyoucanturnofflocationdata,there’snooptiontoquitforyourcar.Dataalsoletscarmakersremindownersaboutrepairsormaintenance.Butthiscontrolgivesthemanotheredge—decidingwhocanaccessthatinformation.Fordecades,driverscouldchooseanytrustedmechanic.Now,datadrivencarsmaylimitaccesstomanufacturer(制造商)networks,puttingindependentrepairshops,whichareoftencheaperandconvenient,atadisadvantage.Thisrevealsanewsideoftheprivacydebate.Wefeardatabeingsharedwithstrangers,butwhataboutwhenit’swithheldfromthosewetrust?Imagineadoctorunabletoaccessyourmedicalrecordswithoutpayingafee.Similarly,carmakerscouldchargeindependentrepairshopsforvehicledata.Thatexpensewillleadtovehicleowners’payinghigherrepairpricesjustsothattechnicianscanobtainthedata.Thesolutionissimple.Theideathatdriversdon’tcontroltheirowndatafliesinthefaceofwhatconsumerswant,asnearly90%ofconsumersexpect.Whiledigitaltechnologymakesdrivingsaferandsmarter,theenormousvalueofvehicledatagivesmanufacturerslittlereasontoreleasecontrol.Policymakersmustacttoprotectdrivers’rightsandmaintaintheirfreedomtochoosewhofixestheircars.8.Accordingtoparagraph2,whydomostcarownerslosecontroloftheirdata?A.Theyfailtoturnoffthelocationdataofcars.B.Theyrarelyreadthefineprintinpurchasecontracts.C.Theywillinglyexchangeprivacyformodernconvenience.D.Theyareunawarethattheirvehiclescollectuserinformation.9.Howwillcardatacontrolprobablyinfluenceindependentrepairshops?A.Theywillnolongerbetrustedduetolackofdata.B.Theymayhavetopayadditionalcosttoaccessdata.C.Theycanwincustomers’favorwithlowerrepairprices.D.Theyneedtoprovidemedicalrecordstoprovereliability.10.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetowardcardatacollection?A.Critical. B.Cautious. C.Neutral. D.Approving.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toarguethatcarmakersshouldsharerepairdata.B.Tohighlightprivacyandcontrolissuesofcardata.C.Toexplainmoderncarfunctionsanddrivingexperience.D.Todemonstratehowcarmakersprofitfromdrivers’data【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章指出現(xiàn)代汽車收集大量用戶數(shù)據(jù)，但車主往往不知情且失去控制權(quán)，可能被制造商用于盈利或限制獨立維修。作者認為這引發(fā)隱私和控制權(quán)爭議，呼吁政策干預(yù)以保護車主權(quán)益?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Mostownersunknowinglygiveuprightsthroughfineprintsentencesinpurchasecontracts(合同).Likesmartphones,carscollectuserdata,butfewdriversrealizeit.(大多數(shù)車主在購買合同中通過細小的印刷字體不知不覺地放棄了權(quán)利。和智能手機一樣，汽車也會收集用戶數(shù)據(jù)，但很少有司機意識到這一點。)”可知，大多數(shù)車主之所以失去對自己數(shù)據(jù)的控制權(quán)，是因為他們沒有意識到自己的車輛會收集用戶信息。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Similarly,carmakerscouldchargeindependentrepairshopsforvehicledata.Thatexpensewillleadtovehicleowners’payinghigherrepairpricesjustsothattechnicianscanobtainthedata.(同樣，汽車制造商可能會向獨立維修店收取車輛數(shù)據(jù)費用。這筆費用將導(dǎo)致車主支付更高的維修價格，以便技術(shù)人員能夠獲得數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知，汽車數(shù)據(jù)控制可能會對獨立維修店產(chǎn)生影響，它們可能需要支付額外的費用來獲取數(shù)據(jù)。故選B項。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Whatfollowsisequallyconcerning.Carmakersclaimdataboostsafetyandperformance,yettheycansellittothirdpartieslikeinsurancepanies.Drivingbehavior—speed,braking,seatbeltuse—canallbemonetized(獲利).Unlikephoneswhereyoucanturnofflocationdata,there’snooptiontoquitforyourcar.(接下來的情況同樣令人擔憂。汽車制造商聲稱數(shù)據(jù)可以提高安全性和性能，但他們可以將其出售給保險公司等第三方。駕駛行為——速度、剎車、安全帶使用——都可以貨幣化。與手機可以關(guān)閉位置數(shù)據(jù)不同，汽車沒有退出選項。)”以及最后一段中的“Whiledigitaltechnologymakesdrivingsaferandsmarter,theenormousvalueofvehicledatagivesmanufacturerslittlereasontoreleasecontrol.Policymakersmustacttoprotectdrivers’rightsandmaintaintheirfreedomtochoosewhofixestheircars.(雖然數(shù)字技術(shù)使駕駛更安全、更智能，但車輛數(shù)據(jù)的巨大價值使制造商沒有理由放棄控制權(quán)。政策制定者必須采取行動保護司機的權(quán)利，維護他們選擇修理汽車的人的自由。)”可知，作者對汽車數(shù)據(jù)收集持批評態(tài)度，認為這侵犯了車主的隱私和控制權(quán)，并可能導(dǎo)致不公平的競爭環(huán)境。故選A項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Thisraisesacrucialquestion:whoownsandcontrolsthisdata,andhowisitused?(這提出了一個關(guān)鍵問題：誰擁有和控制這些數(shù)據(jù)，以及如何使用這些數(shù)據(jù)？)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要討論了汽車數(shù)據(jù)的隱私和控制問題，包括車主對數(shù)據(jù)的所有權(quán)和控制權(quán)、汽車制造商如何收集和使用數(shù)據(jù)，以及這些問題對獨立維修店和車主的影響。因此，文章的主要目的是突出汽車數(shù)據(jù)的隱私和控制問題。故選B項。DRisingcarbondioxidelevelsandclimatechangearereshapingtheenvironmentsinwhichcropsgrow,andoneurgentconsequenceisanincreasedriskofplantdisease.Thereisarealdangerthatsomeinfectionscouldspreadmorewidelyacrossclimates—potentiallyleadingtoagriculturaldisasters.Toreducethisrisk,seedpaniesandplantscientistsshouldworktogethernowtobuildalibraryofusefulcropgenesbeforeit’stoolate.Partoftheproblemisthatcenturiesofselectivebreedinghavemadethegenomes(基因組)ofmostvaluablecropsverynarrow.Theygrowgreatintoday’sconditions,butbeelessabletocopewithchange.Asmallorpreviouslyunknowndiseasecouldspreadrapidlythroughageneticallyuniformcrop,drivingglobalpricessharplyupwardandcausingwidespreadmalnutritionandsuffering.Fortunately,thethreathasaclearsolution.Allcropshavewildrelativesthatarenotusefulforfarmingbutcarrymuchmoregeneticvarietythatcanprotectcropsagainstfuturepathogens(病原體).Asinsurance,thosegenesshouldbestored—usuallyasseeds—untiltheyareneededtobeputintoacrop’sgenome.Nevertheless,thecurrentgenebankshavetoofewsamplesoftwothirdsoftherelevantwildrelatives,andmanyspeciesarenotstoredatall.Youmightexpectlargeagribusinessestohelp.YetfirmslikeBayerandSyngentastilltreatfutureproofingcropsasagovernmentjob,findingittoouncertaintoattractmercialinvestment.Academicplantscientistscanalsohelp,buttheworkisroutineandgetslittlereward.Curinganoutbreakbuildscareers;preventingapossibleonebringslittlerecognition.Toact,plantscientistsneedmotivations—payandresearchfunding.Majorfunders,includingtheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,mustshiftmoneytowardpreparingforfuturethreats.Anotherbarrierispoliticalconsiderations.TheU.S.NationalScienceFoundationissaidtorejectproposalsthatmention“climatechange,”becausesomepoliticiansdenyit.Europealsoneedstochangeitscautiousattitudetogeneticengineering.Geneeditingwillbeessential,evenifitmakessomeEuropeanconsumersandpolicymakersuneasy.Thesoonertheyacceptit,thebetter.12.Whyaresomesmalldiseaseslikelytoinfectcropsrapidly?A.Thepriceofcuringsuchdiseasesistoohigh.B.Thechangebroughtbyglobalwarmingisdramatic.C.Thegenomesthatresistdiseasesareremovedfrommostcrops.D.Naturalgeneticvariationislostduetolongtermartificialselection.13.What’sanobvioussolutiontonewdiseasesforcrops?A.Buyinginsuranceforallcropsatthebank.B.Storingseedsamplesofwildcroprelatives.C.Puttingprotectivegenomesintoallcrops.D.Reducinggeneticvarietyoffuturepathogens.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Largepaniesareenthusiasticaboutgovernmentjobs.B.Plantscientistsofferconsiderablehelptoearnrecognition.C.Europeancountriesconsidergeneticeditingasavitalstep.D.Politicalideaspartlygetinthewayofgeneticengineering.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CropYieldsintheFutureCenturyB.PreservingRareSeedsAgainstFuturePathogensC.BuildingaGeneLibraryBeforeCropDiseasesWorsenD.FundingandInvestmenttoBoostAgriculturalInnovation【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章指出氣候變化增加了作物病害風險，因作物基因單一易受感染。作者建議建立作物野生近緣種基因庫，并呼吁加強資金投入、克服政治障礙以應(yīng)對未來農(nóng)業(yè)威脅?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Partoftheproblemisthatcenturiesofselectivebreedinghavemadethegenomes(基因組)ofmostvaluablecropsverynarrow.Theygrowgreatintoday’sconditions,butbeelessabletocopewithchange.Asmallorpreviouslyunknowndiseasecouldspreadrapidlythroughageneticallyuniformcrop,drivingglobalpricessharplyupwardandcausingwidespreadmalnutritionandsuffering.(部分原因在于，數(shù)百年來的有選擇性培育使得大多數(shù)重要農(nóng)作物的基因組變得非常單一。它們在現(xiàn)在的條件下生長得很好，但應(yīng)對變化的能力卻降低了。一種微小或以前未知的疾病可能會在基因單一的作物中迅速傳播，推動全球價格急劇上漲，并導(dǎo)致廣泛的營養(yǎng)不良和問題。)”可知，由于長期的人工選擇，大多數(shù)重要農(nóng)作物的基因組變得非常單一，應(yīng)對變化的能力下降，由此導(dǎo)致一些小疾病可能迅速感染作物。故選D項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Allcropshavewildrelativesthatarenotusefulforfarmingbutcarrymuchmoregeneticvarietythatcanprotectcropsagainstfuturepathogens(病原體).Asinsurance,thosegenesshouldbestored—usuallyasseeds—untiltheyareneededtobeputintoacrop’sgenome.(所有作物都有野生近親，這些近親對農(nóng)業(yè)沒有用處，但攜帶更多的遺傳變異，可以保護作物免受未來病原體的侵害。作為保險，這些基因應(yīng)該被儲存起來——通常以種子的形式——直到需要它們被放入作物的基因組中。)”可知，儲存野生作物近親的種子樣本是應(yīng)對新作物疾病的一個明顯解決方案。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中“YetfirmslikeBayerandSyngentastilltreatfutureproofingcropsasagovernmentjob,findingittoouncertaintoattractmercialinvestment.(然而，像拜耳和先正達這樣的公司仍然將未來抗災(zāi)作物視為政府的工作，認為這太不確定，無法吸引商業(yè)投資。)”和最后一段中“Anotherbarrierispoliticalconsiderations.TheU.S.NationalScienceFoundationissaidtorejectproposalsthatmention“climatechange,”becausesomepoliticiansdenyit.Europealsoneedstochangeitscautiousattitudetogeneticengineering.(另一個障礙是政治考慮。據(jù)說美國國家科學(xué)基金會拒絕提及“氣候變化”的提案，因為一些政客否認這一點。歐洲也需要改變其對基因工程的謹慎態(tài)度。)”可知，政治觀念在一定程度上阻礙了基因工程的發(fā)展。故選D項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Toreducethisrisk,seedpaniesandplantscientistsshouldworktogethernowtobuildalibraryofusefulcropgenesbeforeit’stoolate.(為了降低這種風險，種子公司和植物科學(xué)家現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該共同努力，在為時已晚之前建立一個有用的作物基因庫。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要討論了由于氣候變化和人工選擇導(dǎo)致的作物遺傳多樣性減少，以及由此帶來的作物疾病風險增加的問題，并提出了建立作物基因庫作為解決方案。因此，C項“BuildingaGeneLibraryBeforeCropDiseasesWorsen(在作物疾病惡化之前建立基因庫)”最符合文章主旨。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從其后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoStopWorryingAboutWhatOtherPeopleThinkofYouIfyouwanttobeyourbestandperformatahighlevel,fearofpeople’sopinionsmaybeholdingyouback.Manypeoplefeelpanickedbeforespeakinginpublic,sharingtheirideasinmeetings,orevenwalkingintoaroomfullofstrangers.____16____Thegoodnewsisthatyoudon’thavetobecontrolledbyit.Therearepracticalstepstoweakenitsinfluence.Thefirststepistoreplacenegativethoughtswithpositiveselftalk.Guideyourselftowardconfidencebuildingstatementssuchas“I’vepreparedwell”or“Ihavevaluableideastoshare.”____17____Takingafewdeepbreathsalsohelpstocalmyourbodyandsendasignalofsafetytoyourbrain.Anotherstrategyliesincultivatinggreaterselfawareness.Mostofusmerelyhaveavagueideaofwhoweare.____18____Byidentifyingyourvaluesandshapingapersonalphilosophy,you’llfeellesspressuretomeeteveryoneelse’sexpectations.____19____Beginwithsmallstepsthatfeelauthenticyetslightlybold.Thiscouldbesharinganunpopularideainameeting,dancingfreelyataparty,orsimplysaying“no”toarequestthatupsetsyou.Thegoalistoprovetoyourselfthatexpressingyourtrueselfisnotonlysafebutempowering.Eachtimeyoudothis,youstrengthenaselfimagerootedincourageratherthanfear,makingyoulesslikelytobeinfluencedbyexternaljudgments.Finally,noteveryvoicedeservesyourattention.Createashortlistoftrustedindividualswhoseopinionsareconsistentwithyourvaluesandwhounderstandthepersonyouwanttobee.____20____A.Butthatisoftennotenough.B.Anothervitalmethodistofacesocialdisfort.C.Thesestatementsshiftyourfocustoyourownstrengths.D.Thisfearofsocialdisapprovalmayconsiderablyharmyourpotential.E.Apowerfulwayforwardistoaccumulateevidenceofyourowncourage.F.Therefore,learningtoreframethisanxietyasexcitementcanbeapowerfultoolG.Indoingso,youcanblockthedistractingnoisesandstayfocusedonwhatreallymatters.【答案】16.D17.C18.A19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹如何停止擔心他人對自己的看法，給出替換消極想法等具體方法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Manypeoplefeelpanickedbeforespeakinginpublic,sharingtheirideasinmeetings,orevenwalkingintoaroomfullofstrangers.(許多人在公開演講、在會議上分享想法，甚至走進一個滿是陌生人的房間前都會感到恐慌)”以及下文“Thegoodnewsisthatyoudon’thavetobecontrolledbyit.(好消息是你不必被它控制)”可知，此處需銜接上文的恐慌情緒并點明其影響，D選項“這種對社會不認可的恐懼可能會極大地損害你的潛力?！敝衪hisfear指代上文的恐慌，harmyourpotential體現(xiàn)影響，符合語境。故選D項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Guideyourselftowardconfidencebuildingstatementssuchas“I’vepreparedwell”or“Ihavevaluableideastoshare.”(引導(dǎo)自己說一些建立信心的話，比如“我準備得很充分”或者“我有有價值的想法可以分享。”)”可知，此處應(yīng)說明這些話語的作用，C選項“這些話能把你的注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到自己的優(yōu)勢上?！敝衪hesestatements指代上文的信心話語，shiftyourfocustoyourownstrengths解釋其作用，符合語境。故選C項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Mostofusmerelyhaveavagueideaofwhoweare.(我們大多數(shù)人對自己是誰只有一個模糊的概念)”以及下文“Byidentifyingyourvaluesandshapingapersonalphilosophy,you’llfeellesspressuretomeeteveryoneelse’sexpectations.(通過明確自己的價值觀并形成個人信念，你滿足他人期望的壓力就會減小)”可知，此處需轉(zhuǎn)折并引出解決模糊認知的方法，A選項“但這通常是不夠的?！背薪由衔牡哪：J知，引出下文的具體做法，符合語境。故選A項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Beginwithsmallstepsthatfeelauthenticyetslightlybold.(從那些感覺真實但又略帶大膽的小步驟開始)”可知，此處需點明該段策略，E選項“一個強大的前進方式是積累你自己勇氣的證據(jù)?！敝衏ourage呼應(yīng)下文bold，

accumulate呼應(yīng)Beginwithsmallsteps，符合語境。故選E項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Createashortlistoftrustedindividualswhoseopinionsareconsistentwithyourvaluesandwhounderstandthepersonyouwanttobee.(列出一小部分值得信任的人，他們的觀點與你的價值觀一致，并且理解你想成為的人)”可知，此處需說明這樣做的效果，G選項“這樣做，你可以屏蔽干擾的聲音，專注于真正重要的事情?！敝衖ndoingso指代上文的做法，說明其作用，符合語境。故選G項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。KylieAbecca’sbookshavealwaysbeenwithher.Shefinds____21____inhertensofthousandsofbooks,losingherselfinworldsofwordsasadistractionfromher____22____.TheAlbanyresidenthasmorethan30,000booksinwhatmightbeoneofthelargestprivatelyownedlibrariesinthecountry.She____23____thesuggestionthatshehastoomanyforonehouse.“It’snothoarding(囤積)ifit’sbooks,”shesaid.MsAbeccahasphotosensitiveepilepsy(癲癇)meaningwatchingtelevisionorplayingvideogamesisnot____24____asthebrightnesscanbringonepilepsyfits.Instead,shefoundherlife’s____25____inreading.“WhenI’min____26____Ijustgrababook,usuallyanEnidBlytonbook.Youjustfallinlovewiththecharactersoneverypage,”shesaid.Theplete____27____bytheEnglishchildren’swriter,whosebookshavebeenworldwidebestsellerssincethe1930s,____28____themostnoticeableplaceinMsAbecca’sbookroom.Thisbookwormcan____29____informationoneverybookinhercollection,____30____whereandhowshegotit,andhasmetwithmanyauthorswhosenames____31____proudlyonherbookshelves.MsAbeccasaidthecollection’svaluewashardto____32____—toher,thebookswerepriceless.“Mybodyhasbeen____33____meformanyyears.IwastoldI’dbeinawheelchairby30.Iturned40lastyear,andI’mstill____34____,”shesaid.“Therearepeopleouttherethathavehad____35____livesandtheyrebuilttheirlives,andiftheycandoitanyonecan.”21.A.flexibility B.challenge C.fort D.recognition22.A.routines B.disabilities C