中考英語(yǔ)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練50題同義句轉(zhuǎn)換是中考英語(yǔ)的核心題型之一，它既考查詞匯的靈活遷移（近義詞、近義短語(yǔ)替換），又要求對(duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)（句型、語(yǔ)態(tài)、從句）和語(yǔ)境邏輯（因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、條件）有深度理解。通過(guò)系統(tǒng)訓(xùn)練，考生能提升語(yǔ)言的“變通表達(dá)能力”，更精準(zhǔn)地應(yīng)對(duì)閱讀理解、寫(xiě)作等綜合題型。本文精選50道典型例題，按考點(diǎn)類(lèi)型分類(lèi)解析，助力考生突破難點(diǎn)。一、詞匯替換類(lèi)（10題）核心邏輯：用語(yǔ)義等效的詞匯/短語(yǔ)替換原詞，同時(shí)兼顧語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性（如詞性轉(zhuǎn)換后需調(diào)整句子成分）。1.原句：Thebookisveryinteresting.Ilikeit.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Thebookis______ofinterest.Ilikeit.*解析*：“veryinteresting”可通過(guò)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換為“fullofinterest”（interest為名詞，“fullof+名詞”表“充滿(mǎn)……”）。*答案*：full2.原句：Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano.轉(zhuǎn)換句：She______wellinplayingthepiano.*解析*：“begoodat”與“dowellin”為近義短語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)“she”是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，故“do”變“does”。*答案*：does3.原句：Hespenttwohoursonhishomework.轉(zhuǎn)換句：It______himtwohours______finishhishomework.*解析*：“spendtimeonsth”與“ittakessbtimetodosth”為同義句型，原句為過(guò)去時(shí)，故“take”變“took”。*答案*：took;to4.原句：Idon’thaveenoughmoneytobuythebike.轉(zhuǎn)換句：I____________tobuythebike.*解析*：“don’thaveenoughmoney”可替換為“can’tafford”（afford表“負(fù)擔(dān)得起”）。*答案*：can’tafford5.原句：Therainstoppedusfromgoingout.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Therain______us______goingout.*解析*：“stop...from”與“prevent...from”為近義短語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)“rain”是單數(shù)，故“prevent”用三單形式“prevents”（結(jié)合語(yǔ)境用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)更合理）。*答案*：prevents;from6.原句：Sheoftenhelpshermotherwithhousework.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Sheoften______hermother______housework.*解析*：“help...with”與“help...do”為同義結(jié)構(gòu)，“housework”前省略“to”（help后接不帶to的不定式）。*答案*：helps;do7.原句：Themeetingwillbeginintenminutes.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Themeetingwill____________intenminutes.*解析*：“begin”的近義短語(yǔ)為“takeplace”（表“發(fā)生、舉行”，無(wú)被動(dòng)）。*答案*：takeplace8.原句：Imetanoldfriendbychanceyesterday.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Imetanoldfriend____________yesterday.*解析*：“bychance”與“byaccident”為近義短語(yǔ)，表“偶然地”。*答案*：byaccident9.原句：TheboxissoheavythatIcan’tcarryit.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Theboxis______heavy______metocarry.*解析*：“so...that（否定）”可轉(zhuǎn)換為“too...forsbto...”（太……而某人不能……）。*答案*：too;for10.原句：HehasagoodknowledgeofEnglish.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Heis____________English.*解析*：“haveagoodknowledgeof”可替換為“begoodat”（表“擅長(zhǎng)”）。*答案*：goodat二、句型結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換類(lèi)（10題）核心邏輯：通過(guò)調(diào)整句型（感嘆句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、it作形式成分等）保持語(yǔ)義，需關(guān)注句型的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。1.原句：Thefilmisveryexciting.轉(zhuǎn)換句：____________excitingfilmitis!*解析*：感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換：原句為“How+adj+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”，轉(zhuǎn)換為“What+a/an+adj+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”；“exciting”以元音音素開(kāi)頭，故用“an”。*答案*：Whatan2.原句：IfoundthatlearningEnglishwasdifficult.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Ifound____________tolearnEnglish.*解析*：that從句轉(zhuǎn)換為“it作形式賓語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)：“findit+adj+todo”（it為形式賓語(yǔ)，真正賓語(yǔ)是“tolearnEnglish”）。*答案*：itdifficult3.原句：Youshouldstudyhard.轉(zhuǎn)換句：____________thatyoustudyhard.*解析*：祈使句轉(zhuǎn)換為強(qiáng)調(diào)建議的句型：“It’snecessarythat...”（that從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，此處省略should）。*答案*：It’snecessary4.原句：Thegirlis16yearsold.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Thegirlis__________________16.*解析*：“16yearsold”可轉(zhuǎn)換為“attheageof16”（介詞短語(yǔ)表年齡）。*答案*：attheageof5.原句：IthinkmathismoredifficultthanEnglish.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Idon’tthinkEnglishis__________________math.*解析*：比較級(jí)的反向表達(dá)：“A比B難”=“B不如A難”，即“notas/so+adj原級(jí)+as”。*答案*：asdifficultas6.原句：Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Hegotupearly__________________catchthefirstbus.*解析*：“sothat+從句”（表目的）轉(zhuǎn)換為“inorderto+動(dòng)詞原形”（表目的的短語(yǔ)）。*答案*：inorderto7.原句：It’stimeforclass.轉(zhuǎn)換句：It’stime__________________class.*解析*：“It’stimeforsth”與“It’stimetodosth”的轉(zhuǎn)換，“haveclass”為固定短語(yǔ)。*答案*：tohave8.原句：Sheasked,“DoyoulikeEnglish?”轉(zhuǎn)換句：Sheasked______I______English.*解析*：直接引語(yǔ)（一般疑問(wèn)句）轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語(yǔ)，需用“if/whether+陳述語(yǔ)序”，時(shí)態(tài)隨主句變?yōu)檫^(guò)去時(shí)（liked）。*答案*：if/whether;liked9.原句：Thebookcostme20yuan.轉(zhuǎn)換句：I______20yuan______thebook.*解析*：“sthcostsbmoney”與“sbpaymoneyforsth”的轉(zhuǎn)換，原句為過(guò)去時(shí)，故“pay”變“paid”。*答案*：paid;for10.原句：Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulcity.轉(zhuǎn)換句：____________Iseensuchabeautifulcitybefore.*解析*：否定詞“never”置于句首，句子需部分倒裝（助動(dòng)詞提前），原句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故“have”提前。*答案*：Neverhave三、語(yǔ)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換類(lèi)（10題）核心邏輯：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換，需關(guān)注時(shí)態(tài)、主謂一致及介詞搭配（如“by”引出動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者）。1.原句：PeoplespeakEnglishallovertheworld.轉(zhuǎn)換句：English____________allovertheworld.*解析*：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“is/am/are+過(guò)去分詞”；主語(yǔ)“English”是單數(shù)，故用“isspoken”。*答案*：isspoken2.原句：Hewillfinishtheworkintwodays.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Thework__________________byhimintwodays.*解析*：一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“willbe+過(guò)去分詞”；“finish”的過(guò)去分詞為“finished”。*答案*：willbefinished3.原句：Theymakecarsinthisfactory.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Cars____________inthisfactory.*解析*：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)“cars”是復(fù)數(shù)，故用“aremade”。*答案*：aremade4.原句：Shehaswrittentwobooks.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Twobooks__________________byher.*解析*：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“have/hasbeen+過(guò)去分詞”；主語(yǔ)“twobooks”是復(fù)數(shù)，故用“havebeenwritten”。*答案*：havebeenwritten5.原句：Wemustplantmoretrees.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Moretrees__________________byus.*解析*：含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“mustbe+過(guò)去分詞”；“plant”的過(guò)去分詞為“planted”。*答案*：mustbeplanted6.原句：Didtheybuildthebridgelastyear?轉(zhuǎn)換句：______thebridge______bythemlastyear?*解析*：一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were+過(guò)去分詞”；主語(yǔ)“bridge”是單數(shù)，故用“Was;built”。*答案*：Was;built7.原句：Theteacheriscorrectingthepapers.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Thepapers__________________bytheteacher.*解析*：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“is/am/arebeing+過(guò)去分詞”；主語(yǔ)“papers”是復(fù)數(shù)，故用“arebeingcorrected”。*答案*：arebeingcorrected8.原句：Youshouldtakegoodcareofyourbooks.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Yourbooksshould____________goodcareof.*解析*：含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，“takegoodcareof”的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為“betakengoodcareof”（短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)需保留介詞/副詞）。*答案*：betaken9.原句：Hegavemeapresent.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Apresent__________________mebyhim.*解析*：一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，“givesbsth”的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為“sthwasgiventosb”（雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)需注意介詞“to”）。*答案*：wasgivento10.原句：Thebossmadetheworkerswork12hoursaday.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Theworkers__________________work12hoursadaybytheboss.*解析*：使役動(dòng)詞“make”的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，需還原to（即“bemadetodo”）。*答案*：weremadeto四、從句與簡(jiǎn)單句轉(zhuǎn)換類(lèi)（10題）核心邏輯：將定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為分詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)等簡(jiǎn)單結(jié)構(gòu)，需關(guān)注邏輯主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞的關(guān)系（主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)）。1.原句：Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Thegirl____________areddressismysister.*解析*：定語(yǔ)從句“whoiswearing”（主動(dòng)關(guān)系）轉(zhuǎn)換為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)“wearing”作后置定語(yǔ)（現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行）。*答案*：wearing2.原句：Becausehewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.轉(zhuǎn)換句：____________hisillness,hedidn’tgotoschool.*解析*：because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句（從句含be動(dòng)詞+形容詞/名詞），可轉(zhuǎn)換為“becauseof+名詞短語(yǔ)”（illness為名詞）。*答案*：Becauseof3.原句：Themanwhowaskilledintheaccidentwasadoctor.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Theman____________intheaccidentwasadoctor.*解析*：定語(yǔ)從句“whowaskilled”（被動(dòng)關(guān)系）轉(zhuǎn)換為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)“killed”作后置定語(yǔ)（過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)、完成）。*答案*：killed4.原句：Afterhefinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.轉(zhuǎn)換句：____________hishomework,hewenttobed.*解析*：after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句（從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致，且含主動(dòng)動(dòng)詞），可轉(zhuǎn)換為“after+現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)”（finishing表主動(dòng)、完成）。*答案*：Afterfinishing5.原句：Thehousewhichisbeingbuiltisourlibrary.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Thehouse__________________isourlibrary.*解析*：定語(yǔ)從句“whichisbeingbuilt”（被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行）轉(zhuǎn)換為“beingbuilt”（現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式，表“正在被……”）。*答案*：beingbuilt6.原句：Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.轉(zhuǎn)換句：____________,youwillsucceed.*解析*：if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句（從句含“workhard”），可轉(zhuǎn)換為“介詞短語(yǔ)+名詞”（“Withhardwork”表“通過(guò)努力”）。*答案*：Withhardwork7.原句：ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Thebook____________yesterdayisveryinteresting.*解析*：定語(yǔ)從句“thatIbought”（主動(dòng)關(guān)系，省略關(guān)系代詞）轉(zhuǎn)換為“bought”（過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)、完成）。*答案*：bought8.原句：Whenshewaswalkinginthestreet,shemetanoldfriend.轉(zhuǎn)換句：____________inthestreet,shemetanoldfriend.*解析*：when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句（從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致，且含“waswalking”），可轉(zhuǎn)換為“while+現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)”（walking表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行）。*答案*：Whilewalking9.原句：TheboywhoisfromAmericaspeaksChinesewell.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Theboy____________AmericaspeaksChinesewell.*解析*：定語(yǔ)從句“whoisfrom”轉(zhuǎn)換為介詞短語(yǔ)“fromAmerica”作后置定語(yǔ)。*答案*：from10.原句：Assoonashearrived,hebegantowork.轉(zhuǎn)換句：____________hisarrival,hebegantowork.*解析*：assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句（從句含“arrived”），可轉(zhuǎn)換為“on/upon+名詞”（“Onhisarrival”表“一……就……”）。*答案*：On五、語(yǔ)境邏輯轉(zhuǎn)換類(lèi)（10題）核心邏輯：通過(guò)連詞、副詞或短語(yǔ)調(diào)整邏輯關(guān)系（因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、條件），保持語(yǔ)義等效。1.原句：Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.轉(zhuǎn)換句：Heis______young______gotoschool.*解析*：“so...that(否定)”轉(zhuǎn)換為“too...to”（太……而不能……），表否定的邏輯關(guān)系。*答案*：too;to2.原句：Ifyoudon’tworkhard,youwon’tpasstheexam.轉(zhuǎn)換句：__________________