●●●●汽車專業(yè)英語ENALISHCHAPTER

3Engine

Management發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)管理●

3-1EFISystem

電控燃油噴射系統(tǒng)o

3-2

Electronic

Diesel

Control(EDC)System

柴油機(jī)電控系統(tǒng)●3-3

Emission

Controls

排放物控制●

3-4Spark

Plug

、Intake

and

Exhaust

Systems

火花塞與進(jìn)排氣系統(tǒng)●●●3-1

EFI

System電控燃油噴射系統(tǒng)E.NALI

SH2a)sequential

fuel

injection(SFI)順序多點(diǎn)燃油噴射motronicM3.8.2EFI

system

diagramM3.8.2噴射/點(diǎn)火協(xié)同管理系統(tǒng)圖(Motronic:博世公司自創(chuàng)詞)multipointfuel

injection

system多點(diǎn)燃油噴射系統(tǒng)b)componentslocation

diagram零部件位置圖13fuel

pump燃油泵electric

fuel

pump電動(dòng)燃油泵fuel

filter燃油濾清器canister-purge

valve炭罐清除閥10過16EVAPcanister

purge

valve(蒸發(fā)排放物)一炭罐清除閥CANP

solenoid

valve(canister

purge

solenoid

valve)炭罐清除電磁閥45(carbon)-canister炭罐EVAP

canister蒸發(fā)排放物炭罐(SAE一推薦用語)charcoal(carbon)一canister活性炭罐dual

spark

ignition

coil雙火花點(diǎn)火線圈6camshaftphase

sensor凸輪軸相位傳感器(德國汽車業(yè)界用語),camshaftposition(CMP)sensor凸輪軸位置傳感

器(SAE推薦用語)Hall

sensor霍爾傳感器(大眾公司用語)7injector噴油器加take

at8fuelpressure

regulator燃油壓力調(diào)節(jié)器9throttle

control

device節(jié)氣門控制裝置throttle

controlwith

throttle

positionsensor帶節(jié)氣門位置傳感器的節(jié)氣門控制裝置10hot-filmair-massmeter熱膜式空氣流量計(jì)11lambdaoxygen

sensor氧傳感器(德國汽車業(yè)界用語)oxygen

sensor氧傳感器(SAE推薦用語)upstreamoxygen

sensor上游氧傳感器12coolanttemperature

sensor冷卻液溫度傳感器13knock

sensor爆燃傳感器14engine-speed

sensor發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速傳感器(德國汽車業(yè)界用語)crankshaftposition

sensor(CKPS)曲軸位置傳感器15intake

temperaturesensor進(jìn)氣溫度傳感器16engine

controlunit(ECU發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制單元(德國汽車業(yè)界用語)engine

controlmodule

(ECM)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制模塊(SAE推薦用語。與PCM相似，但適用后驅(qū)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)17sensor傳感器carbon['ka:b?n]n

.

炭

；

碳charcoal['t?α:ka?

l]adj.活性的coolant['ku:l?nt]n

.

冷

卻

液electric[1'lektrik]adj.電的，電動(dòng)的electronic[1lek'tronik]adj.電子的film[film]n.膜，薄膜Hall[h?:l]霍爾(霍爾于1879年發(fā)現(xiàn)了霍爾效應(yīng)，

Hall

effect)high[ha?]adj

.

高(級(jí))的n

.

高(度，級(jí))hot[hpt]adj.熱的v.給……加溫hot-film熱膜knock[npk]n.爆燃，爆燃聲v.敲，敲擊lambda['l?md?]n.拉姆達(dá)(希臘字母中第11個(gè)字母),過量空氣系數(shù)location[l?u'keI?n]n

.

位

置main[mein]adj.主(要)的，總的module['mpdju:l]n.模塊，組件multipoint['m?ltip?int]adj.多點(diǎn)；多點(diǎn)的position[pa'zi?n]n.位置，姿勢primary['praim?ri]adj.初級(jí)的，第一級(jí)的purge[p3:d3]v.清除，凈化，清污n.凈化regulator['regjulert?(r)]n

.

調(diào)

節(jié)

器sequential[sI'kwen?l]adj.順序的unit['ju:nit]n.單位，單元，模塊upstream[?p'stri:m]adj.上游的EFI

System>TheEFIsystemusesvarioussensorsto

detectthe

operating

conditions

of

the

engine

and

the

ve-hicle.In

accordance

with

the

signals

from

these

sensors,the

ECU

calculates

the

optimal

fuel

injection

volume

and

operates

the

injectors

in

order

to

inject

the

proper

volume

offuel.During

ordinary

driving,the

engine

ECU

determines

the

fuel

injection

volume

to

achieve

the

theoreticalair-fuel

ratio,ensuring

the

proper

power,fuel

consumption,and

exhaust

emission

levels

simultaneously.>At

other

times,such

as

during

warm-up,acceleration,deceleration,or

high-load

drivingconditions,the

engine

ECU

detects

those

conditions

with

the

various

sensors

and

thencorrects

the

fuel

injection

volume

to

ensure

an

optimal

air-fuel

mixture

at

all

times.電控燃油噴射系統(tǒng)電控燃油噴射系統(tǒng)通過各種傳感器檢測發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和汽車的工作狀況。發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)電控單元根據(jù)各傳感器發(fā)出的信號(hào)計(jì)算出最佳噴油量，控制噴油器噴油，以確保合適的噴油量。在平常行駛中，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制單元通過控制燃油噴射量，得到理論空燃比，以保證發(fā)動(dòng)的動(dòng)力性、燃油消耗和廢氣排放同時(shí)滿足要求。在暖機(jī)、加速、減速、高負(fù)荷運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)等其他工

況下，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制單元通過各種傳感器確定相應(yīng)工況，及時(shí)修正噴油量，以確保在任何時(shí)候都能獲得最佳的空氣燃油混合氣。accordance[?'k?:d?ns]n.一致，和諧air-fuel

mixture空氣-燃油混合氣all[?:]adj.全部的，所有的calculate['k?lkjulert]v.計(jì)算，考慮consumption[k?n's?mpf?n]n.消耗量，消耗correct[k?'rekt]V.修正adj.正確的，恰當(dāng)?shù)膁eceleration[di:sel?'reI??n]n.減速，減速度detect[di'tekt]v.探測，發(fā)現(xiàn)ensure[in'Jua(r)]v.保證，擔(dān)保high-load高負(fù)荷，大負(fù)荷operating

conditions工作狀況，工況optimal['pptim?l]adj

.

最佳[優(yōu)]的order['?:d?]n

.

次序，順序v

.

定購proper['prpp?(r)]adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?，正確的adv.完全地theoreticalair-fuelratio理論空燃比various['ve?ri?s]adj.不同的，多樣的warm-up熱車，暖機(jī)，預(yù)熱1.詞組英漢連線CKPCMPEFIECMSAEVolkswagentemperaturesensorthrottle

controlmanifoldpressureelectric

fuel

pump大眾歧管壓力溫度傳感器節(jié)氣門控制電動(dòng)燃油泵曲軸位置凸輪軸位置電控燃油噴射發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)控制模塊

汽車工程學(xué)會(huì)2.英譯漢1)ignition

coil2)hot-film

air-mass

meter

3)electronic

throttle

control

4)intake-manifoldpressuresensor

_5)fuel

pressure

sensor

6)fuel-distribution

pipe

7)camshaftposition

sensor

8)oxygen

sensor

___Thehigh-pressurefuelpumpfora

GDI

system

is

driven

bya

camshaft.NOTE:GDI

means

gasoline

direct

injectionTranslate

the

sentence

and

the

phrase

below

Figure

3-2.翻譯圖3-2所示的句子和詞組。3.英譯漢Figure3-2

Forthe3rd

PracticeQuestion

題

3

圖4.漢譯英1)電子控制模塊

2)直接噴射

3)多點(diǎn)噴射__4)汽車工程

5)汽車工程師

6)質(zhì)量空氣流量計(jì)7)燃油壓力_8)燃油泵

●●●3-2Electronic

Diesel

Control(

EDC

)System

柴油機(jī)電控系統(tǒng)E.NALI

SHcontroller

area

network(CAN)控制器局域網(wǎng)1fuel

tank燃油箱fuel

filter燃油濾清器3fuel

supply

[feed]pump燃油供給泵pressure

limiter壓力限制器5fuel

cooler燃油冷卻器unit

injector(UI)泵噴嘴7fuel

temperature

sensor燃油溫度傳感器8electronic

control

unit(ECU)電控單元9acceleratorpedalpositionsensor

(APPS)加速踏板位置傳感器10vehicle

speed

sensor(VSS)車速傳感器1brake

light

switch制動(dòng)燈開關(guān)12ambience-air-temperaturesensor環(huán)境溫度傳感器13camshaft

position

sensor(CMP)凸輪軸位置傳感器14intake-air-temperaturesensor(IATS進(jìn)氣溫度傳感器15boost-pressuresensor增壓壓力傳感器Figure3-3Diesel

Injection

System

of

Commercial

Vehicles

商用車柴油機(jī)噴射系統(tǒng)16throttle節(jié)氣門17mass

air

flowmeter(MAFM)質(zhì)量型空氣流量計(jì)18engine-coolanttemperature

sensor發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)冷卻液溫度傳感器19crankshaft

position

sensor(CKPS)曲軸位置傳感器20instrumentpanel

with

fuel

gauge

etc.帶燃油表等的儀表板21glowplug

control

module電熱塞控制模塊22glow

plug電熱塞23clutchpedal

switch離合器踏板開關(guān)24cruise

system

switch(cruise

control)巡航系統(tǒng)開關(guān)(巡航控制)25A/Ccompressorwithcontrolmodule帶控制模塊的空調(diào)壓縮機(jī)26A/Ccompressor

controlmodule空調(diào)壓縮機(jī)控制模塊27glowplugand

starter

switch(ignition-key

lock)電熱塞和起動(dòng)機(jī)開關(guān)(點(diǎn)火開關(guān))28diagnosis

[diagnostic]interface診斷接口29battery蓄電池30exhaust-gas

turbocharger廢氣渦輪增壓器31exhaustgas

recirculation

cooler排氣再循環(huán)冷卻器32exhaustgas

recirculation

actuator排氣再循環(huán)執(zhí)行器33boost-pressureactuator增壓壓力執(zhí)行器34vacuum

pump真空泵●actuator['?ktfueit?(r)]n.執(zhí)行器，動(dòng)作器●

ambience['?mbi?ns]n.周圍環(huán)境●

area

['e?ri?]n.區(qū)域，地區(qū)，面●boost[bu:st]v.增加，提高；(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))增壓n.推動(dòng)●controller

[k?n'tr?ol?(r)]n.控制者，控制器●

cruise

[kru:z]v.

巡航

n.巡航●diagnosis[darag'nausis]n.診斷●

diagnostic

[?daiag'npstik]adj.

診斷；診斷的●etc[it'set?r?]adv.

等等●glow[gl??]v.發(fā)光，灼熱

n.

(柴油機(jī))電熱塞●

glowplug電熱塞●

interface

['intofeis]n.接口

v.接合，連接●key[ki:]n.鑰匙；鎖片；滑塊；鍵

v.用鑰匙……olimiter

['limit?(r)]n.

限制器●

network['netw3:k]n.網(wǎng)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)●other['?e?(r)]adj.其他●supply

[s?'pla?]v.供給，提供本課新單詞閱讀材料>Diesel

Fuel

InjectionAll

diesel

engines

draw

air

only,past

the

intakevalve

into

the

cylinder.A

high-pressure

fuelinjection

system

injects

fuel

into

the

cylinder.The

amount

offuel

injected

is

varied

to

suit

the

load

on

the

engine,and

to

control

engine

speed.Intake

air

volume

does

not

change.In

a

basic

diesel

fuel

system,a

fuel

tank

holds

the

diesel

fuel.A

lift

pump

takes

fuel

from

the

tank

and

keeps

the

injection

pumpfull

offuel.A

sedimenter

removes

anywater

and

larger

particles

in

the

fuel.A

fuel

filter

removes

minute

particles.An

injection

pump

delivers

fuelunder

very

high

pressure

to

the

injectors.It

must

send

the

correct

amount

offuel

at

thecorrect

time

in

the

engine

cycle.An

injector,at

each

cylinder,sprays

fuel

into

each

combustion

chamber.Leak-off

pipes

take

fuel

used

for

cooling

and

for

lubrication

from

the

injection

pump

and

injectors

back

to

the

tank.A

governor

controls

engine

speed,and

a

control

lever

on

the

governor

is

connectedtothe

accelerator

pedal.閱讀材料>柴油噴射所有的柴油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)只吸入空氣，空氣通過進(jìn)氣門進(jìn)入氣缸。高壓燃油噴射系統(tǒng)把燃油噴射到氣缸。噴入的燃油量根據(jù)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的負(fù)載和轉(zhuǎn)速的變化而變化。吸入的空氣量不變。在一個(gè)基本的柴油機(jī)燃油系統(tǒng)里，燃油箱儲(chǔ)存柴油。供油泵從油箱里吸油，保持噴油泵里燃油充足。沉淀器去掉燃油里的水分和較大的顆粒。燃油濾清器濾去細(xì)小的顆粒。噴油泵提供給噴油器高壓燃油。噴油泵必須在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)適時(shí)地噴入最佳油量。每個(gè)氣缸里的噴

油器把燃油噴射到相應(yīng)的燃燒室。起冷卻和潤滑作用的燃油從噴油泵和噴油器里經(jīng)回油管流

回油箱。調(diào)速器控制發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速，調(diào)速器上的一個(gè)控制桿和加速踏板連接。生詞短語注解

●accelerator[?k'sel?reit?(r)]n.加速器●

draw

[dr?:]v.汲取，吸引●

leak-off[li:k

pf]n.漏氣，漏水●lever

['li:v?(r)]n.桿，杠桿，控制桿v.

用杠桿撬●

lift

pump供油泵●

minute

[mai'nju:t]adj.

微小的●past[pa:st]adv.通過，經(jīng)過adj.過去的●

pedal

['pedl]n.踏板v.踩踏板●

remove

[ri'mu:v]v.移動(dòng)，去除●sedimenter[sedi'm?nt?]n.

(液體)沉淀器●

spray

[sprei]v.噴射，噴

n.

噴霧器●

suit[sju:t]v.

適合，相配●

varied['ve?rid]adj.各式各樣的lift

pumpglowplugpedal

switchignition-key

lockdiagnosticinterfacepressure

limiting

valverail

pressure

sensorunit

injectorcrankshaft

position

sensorCANcruise

control泵噴嘴控制器局域網(wǎng)曲軸位置傳感器

巡航控制踏板開關(guān)軌壓傳感器限壓閥供油泵點(diǎn)火開關(guān)診斷接口電熱塞練習(xí)題1.

看本課的汽車圖(圖3

-

2),用英語讀出汽車術(shù)語2.

單詞或詞組英漢連線1—highpressurepump

2—filterwithwaterseparatorandintegratedhandpump

3—common

rail_4—actuators_5—高壓_6一低壓_Figure3-4For

the

3rd

Pratice

Question題3圖7—電子控制模塊

8—pickupstrainer

_練習(xí)題

3.

英譯漢和漢譯英Translate

the

phrase

below

Figure

3-4.翻譯圖3-4所示的詞組。練習(xí)題

4.漢譯英1)把燃油噴射到燃燒室

5)泵噴嘴

2)細(xì)小的顆粒6)燃油里的水分

●●●3-3EmissionControls排放物控制E.NALI

SH■Figure3-5shows

howdifficult

it

is

to

control

exhaust

emissions.Notice

that

NOx

and

CO2are

highwhenthe

HCare

low.控制排氣排放物的困難，如圖3-5所示。注意，當(dāng)NOx

和

CO2高時(shí)，HC低。The

efficiency

of

a

catalytic

converter

is

at

its

highest

level

when

there

is

a

stoichiometric

mixture,as

shown

in

Figure

3-6.在理論混合氣時(shí)，催化轉(zhuǎn)化器效率在最高水平，如圖3-6所示。stoichiometriepoint(gasoline)leanmixture20-HC16-2250co?

25018.0air-fuelratioFigure3-5TheEmissions

atDifferentAir-FuelRatio

不同空燃比的排放物Figure

3-6TheEfficiency

ofa

Catalytic

Con-verter

催化轉(zhuǎn)化器的效率air-fuelmixtureduty

cycleialpressurevacuumtransducerupstreamhosedownstreamhoseexhaust

gasmeteringFigure3-7AnEGRSystemwithaDeltaPressureFeedbackSensor帶壓力反饋傳感器的EGR系統(tǒng)converter

efficiency催化轉(zhuǎn)化器效率stoichiometric

point

(gasoline)理論配比點(diǎn)(汽油)stoichiometric

mixture理論配比混合氣，理論

混合氣air-fuel

ratio空燃比air-fuel

mixture空氣燃油混合氣rich

mixture濃混合氣lean

mixture稀混合氣concentration(%)濃度(百分比)HC/NOxconcentration

(ppm)HC/NOx濃度(百萬分

率

)PCMEVREGRvalventakepressure

signalinputdifferenti●lean[li:n]adj.稀的v.傾斜●million['miljon]n.

百萬●monoxide

[m?'npksaid]n.一氧化物●notice

['n?utis]v.

注意n.

注意，公告●

NOx=nitrogen

oxide

氮氧化合物●point

[point]n.點(diǎn)，尖端v.

指向，表明●ppm=parts

per

million百萬分率●ratio

['reI

Ji?u]n.

比，比率o

rich

[rit?]adj.濃的●

stoichiometric[istoiki?'metrik]adj.化學(xué)計(jì)算的，

(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)混合氣)理論(配比)的●emission[r'm1?(?)n]n.

(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))排放；輻[放]射，

(電磁波)發(fā)射●

chart

[t?α:t]n.表，圖表●CO=carbon

monoxide一氧化碳●CO2=carbon

dioxide

二氧化碳●

concentration[ikons(?)n'trei?(?)n]n.濃度●difficult['difik?lt]adj.

困難的●dioxide

[dar'pksaid]n.二氧化物●efficiency

[i'fi?(?)nsi]n.效率●

HC=hydrocarbon

碳?xì)浠衔锉菊n新單詞(一)●

cycle['sark(?)l]n.周期，周；循環(huán)；回路●differential[dif?'ren?(?)l]adj.差動(dòng)(的);(有)

差別[異]的

n.

差速器●differential

pressure

transducer

壓差傳感器●downstream[da?n'stri:m]adj.

下

游[

流

]

(的

)

,

后段[置]的

adv.

下

游[

流

](

地

)●downstream

hose

下游軟管●

duty

['dju:ti]n.運(yùn)行，工作；負(fù)載，功用●

duty

cycle

output

占空比輸出●EGR(exhaust-gas

recirculation)valve

EGR

[排氣再

循環(huán)]閥●

EVR[EGR

vacuum

regulator]EGR

真空度調(diào)節(jié)器●exhaustgas

排氣●feedbackI'fi:db?k]n.

反饋●

intakevacuum

進(jìn)氣真空●

meteringI'mi:terin]n.測量，計(jì)量●

metering

orifice計(jì)量孔●

orifice

['prifis]n.

孔●

PCM

動(dòng)力系控制模塊●

pressuresignalinput

壓力信號(hào)輸入●regulator

['regjulerta(r)]n.

調(diào)節(jié)器，(門玻璃)

升降器●transducer

[tr?nz'dju:s?(r)]n.傳感器(sensor)●

upstream

hose

上游軟管本課新單詞(二)閱讀材料>Emission

ControlsThe

emission

controls

on

today's

cars

and

trucks

are

an

integral

part

of

theengineandengine

control

system.Perhaps

it

is

better

to

say

that

the

electroniccontrol

systems

are

really

emission

control

systems.The

drive

to

have

cleaner

andmore

fuel-efficient

vehicles

has

led

to

many

of

the

control

systems

now

in

place.These

systems

have

also

contributed

to

significant

in-creases

in

power

and

reliabilityand

improved

driveability.閱讀材料>排放物控制現(xiàn)在小汽車與貨車的排放控制裝置是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)電控系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)整體部分。把電控系統(tǒng)理解為是一個(gè)對排放進(jìn)行控制的系統(tǒng)也許更合適。能開上更環(huán)保、更經(jīng)濟(jì)的車輛的

要求，使得更多的控制系統(tǒng)介入。這些系統(tǒng)同樣對動(dòng)力與可靠性有很大的提升作用，并且

改善了駕駛性能。生詞短語注解●

cleaner['kli:n?(r)]n.濾清器，清潔器●

contribute[k?n'tribjot]v.

有助于●driveability[draiv?'bil?ti]n.駕駛性能●efficient[I'fi?(?)nt]adj.

有效的，效率高的●improve[1m'pru:v]v.改善，改進(jìn)●increase['inkri:s]n.增加●

lead[li:d]n.

引(導(dǎo))線；引導(dǎo)●

perhaps

[p?'h?eps]adv.也許，大概●reliability[rilar?'bil?ti]n.

可靠性[度]●

significant[sig'nifik?nt]adj.重要的，有效的●

today[t?'dei]n.現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)今

adv.

今天●

integral['int1gr?l]adj.完整的，整體的練習(xí)題

1.單詞或詞組英漢連線duty

cyclepressure

signalmetering

orificeair-fuel

ratiomixturerich

mixturelean

mixturefuel

pressure

regulatorcanister

purge

valveCPRV稀混合氣燃油壓力調(diào)節(jié)器

濃混合氣炭罐清除電磁閥炭罐清除控制閥

占空比壓力信號(hào)計(jì)量孔混合氣空燃比練

習(xí)

題

2.英譯漢Translatethe

phrase

below

Figure

3-8.

翻譯如圖3-8所示下面的詞組。air

intake

vaporfrom

fueltankambientair

vaporformfueltank

.1)carbon

canister_ambientair2)canister-purge

valve3

)fuel

tank

_Figure

3-8

For

the

2nd

Practice

Question題

2

圖

4)throttle

valve

5)intake

manifold

airintake練習(xí)題3.

漢譯英1)電磁閥

6)再循環(huán)

2)占空比

7)稀混合氣

3)信號(hào)輸出_

8)一氧化物

4)動(dòng)力系(power

train)控制模塊

9)氮氧化合物

5)進(jìn)氣歧管絕對壓力傳感器

●●●3-4Spark

Plug

、Intake

and

Exhaust

Systems火花塞與進(jìn)排氣系統(tǒng)E

NALI

SH1

center

electrode

(US)中心電極2

groundorside

electrode搭鐵電極或旁電極3

insulator

絕緣子4

resistor電阻器5

seal

密封劑6

steel

shell

鋼

殼7

terminal

端

子8

thread

螺

紋Figure

3-9

Components

of

a

Typical

Spark

Plug典型火花塞的組成to

intakemanifold到進(jìn)氣歧管ambient

air周圍空氣1air

cleaner[filter]空氣濾清器2exhaust

manifold排氣歧管3intake

hose進(jìn)氣軟管4intake

manifold進(jìn)氣歧管5dual

exhaust

pipe雙排氣管6threeway

catalytic

converter三元催化轉(zhuǎn)化器7center

muffler中消聲器8mainmuffler主消聲器9insulation隔熱層10ceramic

monolithic陶瓷單塊載體11case殼12element,cleaner

element濾芯paper

element紙質(zhì)濾芯13air

cleanerhousing

cover,air

cleanercap[cover]空氣濾清器蓋14air

cleaner

bowl

[box,housing]空氣濾清器殼15air

inletunit

with

sieve帶濾網(wǎng)的進(jìn)氣管組件intake

ducting進(jìn)氣管ambient['?mbi?nt]adj.周圍的n.周圍環(huán)境ducting['d?kti?]n.管道，導(dǎo)管bowl[b?ul]n.碗形物，杯，盤paper['peip?]adj

.

紙(制)的n

.

紙，文件element['elim?nt]n.濾芯，元件sieve[sIv]n.濾網(wǎng)v.濾，篩sieve[ik?t?'litik]adj.催化的n.催化劑converter[kan'v3xt?(r)]n.

(排氣催化)轉(zhuǎn)化器，變換器，(變速器)變矩器monolithic[mon?'liθ1k]adj

.

整[單]體的，單塊[片](的)n

.

單塊集成電路sketch[sket?]n.草圖，略圖way[wei]n.路線，通路閱讀材料>AirCleaner/FilterThe

primary

purpose

of

the

air

filter

is

to

prevent

airborne

contaminants

andabrasivesfromenteringthecylinders.Thesecontaminantscancauseserious

damage

andsignificantlyreduceen-ginelife.Therefore,allintakeairshouldpassthrough

the

filter

before

entering

the

engine.The

air

filter

is

nside

a

sealed

air

cleaner

assembly.This

assembly

also

directsthe

airflow

and

reduces

the

noise

caused

by

the

movem