構(gòu)詞法

考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)一合成法

類型構(gòu)成方式舉例復(fù)合名詞名詞+名詞bedroom臥室newspaper報紙形容詞+名詞blackboard黑板grandfather(外)祖父動詞+名詞playground操場名詞+動名詞handwriting書法story-telling講故事類型構(gòu)成方式舉例復(fù)合形容詞名詞+形容詞worldwide全世界的homesick想家的數(shù)詞+名詞second-hand二手的數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞15-year-old15歲的名詞+動詞的過去分詞man-made人造的類型構(gòu)成方式舉例復(fù)合動詞副詞+動詞overcome克服oversleep睡過頭名詞+動詞sleepwalk夢游復(fù)合副詞副詞+名詞upstairs在樓上outdoors在室外復(fù)合代詞不定代詞+名詞anything任何事物everybody每個人【效果評估】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子,每空一詞1.他的哥哥是一個18歲的男孩。他很帥氣。Hisbrotheris

boy.Heisveryhandsome.

2.特里·?？怂故且晃缓苁軞g迎而且學(xué)習(xí)努力的學(xué)生。TerryFoxisa

and____________________

student.

hard-working

popular

an

18-year-old

考點(diǎn)二派生法

1.常見前綴(1)表示否定前綴意義舉例un-不;非unlucky不幸的unusual不同尋常的im-impossible不可能的impolite不禮貌的impatient沒有耐心的

in-incorrect不正確的informal非正式的independent獨(dú)立的前綴意義舉例ir-不;非irregular不規(guī)則的irresponsible不負(fù)責(zé)任的il-illegal非法的non-non-stop不停的;直達(dá)的non-smoker不吸煙者dis-相反disappear消失dislike不喜歡mis-錯誤misunderstand誤解(2)表示程度或大小前綴意義舉例super-超級superpower超級大國superman超人mini-小的;短的minibus小型公共汽車miniskirt超短裙(3)其他前綴前綴意義舉例a-處于……狀態(tài)或過程中asleep睡著的awake醒著的anti-反對antiwar反戰(zhàn)爭的auto-自動的automobile汽車en-使……enlarge使變大enrich使富有fore-在……之前foretell預(yù)言續(xù)表

前綴意義舉例inter-之間的international國際的kilo-千kilometer千米kilogram千克mid-在中間midnight半夜pre-在……之前preview預(yù)演re-重新;再次retell復(fù)述review復(fù)習(xí)rewrite重寫rebuild重建tele-遠(yuǎn)程的telephone電話vice-副的vice-president副總統(tǒng)2.常見后綴(1)名詞后綴后綴意義舉例-er從事某種職業(yè)的人player運(yùn)動員teacher教師-oractor演員director導(dǎo)演-ess指女性actress女演員hostess女主人-ese指民族、語言Chinese中國人;漢語Japanese日本人;日語后綴意義舉例-ian指人Australian澳大利亞人Italian意大利人-istartist藝術(shù)家pianist鋼琴家-ment……的行為(或結(jié)果)movement運(yùn)動agreement同意后綴意義舉例-ion狀態(tài)、行為、機(jī)構(gòu)等action行動invention發(fā)明pollution污染-ationinvitation邀請expectation期望organization組織-ship情況、狀態(tài)等friendship友誼leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)relationship關(guān)系后綴意義舉例-hood狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)等childhood童年;幼年neighborhood附近;街區(qū)-ing活動、狀態(tài)feeling感覺meeting會議續(xù)表

后綴意義舉例-ness狀態(tài)、特點(diǎn)等happiness幸福illness疾病-ance性質(zhì)、狀況等performance表演appearance出現(xiàn)-dom領(lǐng)域、狀況等freedom自由wisdom智慧-al過程、狀態(tài)等arrival到達(dá)(2)形容詞后綴后綴意義舉例-ful充滿……的useful有用的careful仔細(xì)的helpful有幫助的-less沒有;無careless粗心的meaningless無意義的-ly具有……性質(zhì);每隔……時間lovely可愛的monthly每月的后綴意義舉例-y有……特性的healthy健康的noisy吵鬧的rainy多雨的lucky幸運(yùn)的thirsty渴的sleepy困倦的-ish稍有……的;有……性質(zhì)的foolish愚蠢的childish孩子氣的-able能……的;具有……性質(zhì)的comfortable舒適的enjoyable愉快的changeable易變的-ibleterrible糟糕的后綴意義舉例-ed狀況、心情等interested感興趣的excited感到興奮的surprised感到驚訝的-ing描述事物interesting有趣的exciting令人興奮的moving動人的-al與……有關(guān)的natural自然的personal個人的musical音樂的續(xù)表

后綴意義舉例-ic……的electric電的scientific科學(xué)的-icalmedical醫(yī)學(xué)的historical歷史的-en表示材料wooden木制的golden金質(zhì)的-ern表示方位eastern東方的southern南方的后綴意義舉例-ous表示特點(diǎn)famous著名的dangerous危險的-iveactive積極的expensive昂貴的(3)副詞后綴后綴意義舉例-ly以……方式happily高興地quickly迅速地freely自由地politely有禮貌地-ward(s)表示方向northward(s)向北downward(s)向下forward(s)向前【效果評估】用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

Ourearthisfullof1.

(amaze)things,likemountains,forestsandanimals.Sowemustlookafteritandthinkof2.

(help)waystohelpit.

helpful

amazing

First,it’sourdailydutytoreduce,3.

(use)andrecycle,forexample,goingtoschoolonfootorbybike.Then,wecanshare4.________________

(environment)knowledgewiththepeoplearoundusandencouragethemtotake5.

(act).Let’sstartfromnowon.

action

environmental

reuse

考點(diǎn)三轉(zhuǎn)化法

詞性轉(zhuǎn)化舉例名詞→動詞watern.水→v.澆水shown.演出;節(jié)目→v.給……看;展示handn.手→v.傳遞colorn.顏色→v.染色bookn.書→v.預(yù)訂詞性轉(zhuǎn)化舉例動詞→名詞walkv.散步;走→n.散步lookv.看→n.看;表情stopv.停止→n.車站talkv.談?wù)摗鷑.談話形容詞→名詞dailyadj.日常的→n.日報finaladj.最后(終)的→n.決賽形容詞→動詞slowadj.慢的→v.放慢freeadj.空閑的→v.釋放cleanadj.干凈的→v.清掃dryadj.干燥的→v.把……弄干副詞→動詞downadv.向下→v.打倒;擊倒【效果評估】單詞拼寫1.Mygrandfatheroftengetsupearlyand

(澆水)vegetablesinhisgarden.

2.Ihave

(預(yù)訂)adoubleroomforyouandIhopeyou’llhaveanicetime.

3.Thewind

(使變干)theclothes.Itishelpfulforpeople.

dries

booked

waters

4.Youmust

(放慢速度)down,oryou’llfallover.

5.Don’tjudgeabookbyits

(封面).

cover

slow

強(qiáng)化練習(xí)一、根據(jù)句意用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(每小題1分,滿分10分)1.[2025·甘肅白銀]Ourneighborsarevery____________

(friend)toeachother.

2.[2025·江蘇揚(yáng)州]Manytouriststhink

(high)ofYangzhouforitsbeautifulplacesofinterest.

3.[2025·四川達(dá)州]Afterhavinga_____________

(discuss),weareinagreement.

discussion

highly

friendly

4.[2025·云南]Ourschooltripwasvery______________

(wonder).Weallhadfun.

5.Don’tgiveitup!It’snotso

(hope)asyouimagine.

6.Thekeyto

(happy)istoseeallthebeautyoftheworld.

7.Whenthestorm

(sudden)came,myfriendsandIwerewalkinghomefromschool.

suddenly

happiness

hopeless

wonderful

8.It’s

(polite)forustospeakloudlyinpublicplaces.

9.WhenDavegoesbackhomefromschool,hisdogalwaysgreetshimatthedoorwith

(excite).

10.Myparentsthinkthisbluejacketis

(suit)forme.

suitable

excitement

impolite

二、單項填空(每小題1分,滿分5分)1.—Givemeahand,Jim.Ihavetoclimbupthetreetogetmykite.—Betternot.Youhavetotakeyoursafety_______.(

)A.slowly B.activelyC.completely D.seriouslyD2.Amyrefusedherfriend’s_______becauseshehadtotakecareofhergrandma.(

)A.tradition B.attentionC.invitation D.inventionC3.—WhatdoyouthinkoftheBeltandRoadInitiative?—Great!ItwillhelpChinaimprovethe_______withthoserelatedcountries.(

)A.relationship B.agreementC.environment D.informationA4.Davereallylikesdriving.Ithinkbeinga_______isjustrightforhim.(

)A.doctor B.teacher C.farmer D.driver5.—Janewonfirstplaceintheartfestival.—Yes,hermothertoldmevery_______justnow.(

)A.strictly B.proudly C.weakly D.quicklyBD三、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換,每空一詞(每小題2分,滿分10分)1.Theguidebookis