2025年秋季高三年級期末考試英語本試卷共10頁。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結束后，請將答題卡上交。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀兩遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whycan’tthemananswerthephone?A.Heiswateringplants.B.Heiscookingsoup.C.Heisbusyshopping.2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhiking?A.Boring.B.Tiring.C.Enjoyable.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttotryafterlunch?A.Burgers.B.Fries.C.Milkshakes.4.Whatdoesthewomanlikeabouttheyogastudio?A.Thefunctionalroom.B.Thefriendlyinstructor.C.Thecoolenvironment.5.Whatisacrossthestreetfromtheturningpoint?A.Aflowershop.B.Abookstore.C.Abakery.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。6.WhichgateisforFlight832onweekdays?A.Gate14.B.Gate16.C.Gate19.7.Howlongdoesthemanhavetogettothecorrectgate?A.10minutes.B.30minutes.C.45minutes.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。8.WhendidPaulmovetothenewapartment?A.Lastmonth.B.Lastweek.C.Lastyear.9.WhatisAnna’smotherdoingnow?A.Sheisteachingchemistry.B.Sheisretiredandvolunteering.C.Sheisworkinginabank.10.WhereisLisalivingnow?A.Nearthelibrary.B.Intheneighborhood.C.Inthecitycenter.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatadvantageofonlineshoppingdoesthemanmention?A.Betterqualityproducts.B.Easypricecomparison.C.Noneedtoreturnitems.12.Whatproblemdidthewomanhavewithonlineshopping?A.Shegotabrokenwatchandnorefund.B.Theclothessheboughtdidn’tfit.C.Thepriceswerehigherthanexpected.13.Whatdoesthewomanprefertodowhenshopping?A.Buyfromrandomstores.B.Shopontrustedplatforms.C.Seeproductsinperson.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。14.WhatdoesMariaClarkdo?A.Aradiohost.B.Acommunitycenterstaff.C.Alittlegardener.15.Howoftenaretheorganicfarmingworkshopsheld?A.Everyweekend.B.Everyweek.C.Everymonth.16.Whatcanbedevelopedinthe“LittleGardeners”club?A.Askillofindependence.B.Asenseofresponsibility.C.Aspiritofteamwork.17.Whatisthegoalofthecommunitygardenproject?A.Toteachfarmingskills.B.Toencouragehealthyeating.C.Tostrengthencommunitybonds.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Howoldaretheoldstonecottages?A.Over100yearsold.B.Over200yearsold.C.Over300yearsold.19.Whatdidthespeakermakefortheproject?A.Shortstoriesaboutcottages.B.Postersofhistoriclandmarks.C.Metalplateswithbuildingyears.20.Whatresulthastheprojectachieved?A.Developershavestoppedbuildingapartments.B.Someoldhomeshavebeenrepaired.CAllcottageshavebeenrebuilt.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AManycountriesareconsideringreducingspeedlimitsonmotorwaysandinurbanareas.FuelsavingsandreductionsinCO2emissionsarejusttwoofthereasonsfordoingso.Fuelconsumptiondecreasesthesloweryoudrive,becausethemovingcarhastoovercomefewerphysicalforcessuchasairresistanceandrollingfriction(摩擦)betweentyresandroad.Airresistanceincreaseswiththesquareofthespeed.Thismeansthatacarexperiences28%moreairresistanceataspeedof130km/hthanat110km/h.SlowerspeedisnottheonlywaytoreducetheCO2emissionsfromyourcarTherearethreeautomotivetipstohelptheclimateelse.STREAMLINETHECAR1.Unevenness(不均勻)increasestheairresistanceofyourcar,andsoitsCO2emissions.Fouropenwindowsincreasefuelconsumptionbyupto27%.GETUPTHEGEARS(齒輪)QUICKLY2.Petrolanddiesel(柴油)carsshouldalwaysbedriveninthehighestpossiblegear:theenginethenhasasfewrevolutionsaspossible.Fuelconsumptionbetweentwogearscanvarybyupto20%.MAINTAINTYREPRESSURE3.Cartyresattherecommendedpressureensureidealdriving.Ifthetyrepressuredropsto75%pressure,fuelconsumptionincreasesby2%.Ifitdropsbyhalf,theincreaseisasmuchas10%.Here’sthebreakdownoffuelconsumptionimpactofdrivinghabitsandvehicleadjustmentsfromtheFederationofDanishMotorists(FDM).1.Whydoesdrivingatalowerspeedhelpcutfueluse?A.Itweakensthephysicalforcesthecarmustfightagainst.B.Itchangesthewayairresistanceaffectsthecar.C.Itlightenstheweightofthemovingvehicle.D.Itmakestheengineworkatahigherspeed.2.Whatwillhappenifacar’swindowsarewideopenwhiledriving?A.It’lllowerthecar’sairresistance.B.It’llreducethecar’sCO?emissions.C.It’llleadtoasharpriseinfueluse.D.It’llmakethecarrunmoresmoothly.3.Whatisthefuel-savingeffectofreducingspeedfrom130km/hto110km/haccordingtoFDMdata?A.10%. B.16%. C.Upto20%. D.Nearly28%.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了降低車速、優(yōu)化車身設計、快速換擋及保持輪胎壓力等可減少汽車燃油消耗和二氧化碳排放。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Fuelconsumptiondecreasesthesloweryoudrive,becausethemovingcarhastoovercomefewerphysicalforcessuchasairresistanceandrollingfriction(摩擦)betweentyresandroad.(你開得越慢，燃油消耗就越少，因為行駛中的汽車需要克服的物理阻力就越少，比如空氣阻力和輪胎與路面之間的滾動摩擦力)”可知，以較低的速度行駛有助于減少燃油消耗是因為它削弱了汽車必須對抗的物理力。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)STREAMLINETHECAR部分中“Fouropenwindowsincreasefuelconsumptionbyupto27%.(四個打開的窗戶會使燃油消耗增加高達27%)”可知，如果開車時車窗大開，會導致燃油使用量急劇上升。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖表中“Speed:130→110km/h(Fuel/CO?Saving)(車速：130→110公里/小時（燃油/二氧化碳節(jié)?。?”對應的“16%”可知，根據(jù)FDM的數(shù)據(jù)，將車速從130km/h降至110km/h的節(jié)油效果是16%。故選B。BAsoneof400-plusforeignersatmyschool—Thailand,France,andbeyond—IbelongtotheInternationalDivision.Infact,mostofthestudentsonmycampusareChinese,andIinteractwiththemdailythroughsharedcourseworkandextracurricularactivities,likesportingevents,includinganannualtrackandfieldmeetandregularfootballmatches.WhileEnglishisthelanguageofinstructioninafewclasses,mostofusadvanceintohigher-levelcoursesconductedentirelyinChinese,whichisalsothelanguagewespeakincommon.Whiletheschoolhasemphasizedinternationalization,includingadmittingforeignstudentsandsustaininginternationalconnections,it’sdonesowhilepreservingChinesevaluesandacademicrigor(嚴謹性).Perhapscontrarytosomeinternationalperceptions,Chineseeducationhasmaturedandfollowedaprogressivecurveinitsdevelopment,findingbetterpathwaystohighperformance,creativityandinnovation,eschewingoldmodelsofrote(死記硬背)andrepetition.Consequently,whilewe’rewell-knownforourstrongexamscores,whichremainsabaselineweallstrivetosupport,weshouldalsobeknownasaschoolwherekidskeepguitarsandbasketballscloseathand,andwherestudentsformbandsandteamstoplayonandoffcampus.Aboveallweshouldbeknownasaschooldevotedtodevelopinghealthymindsandbodies,alwaysreadytocooperateandcompete.Recentlyagroupofsevenofmyfriendscamehomewithmeafterschooltohaveahomecookedmeal.Weenjoyedavarietyofdishes,piledwithfruit,cheeseandspicyThainoodles.Afterwards,Ibroughtoutabigchocolatecakeandwecovereditwithcandles,singing“HappyBirthday”formygrandmabackinAmericainfivedifferentlanguages.Hereyesbrimmedwithtearsofhappinessasshewatchedusonline.4.Whatisthecommoncommunicationlanguageamongthestudents?A.English. B.Chinese. C.Thai. D.French.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eschewing”inparagraph2mean?A.Abandoning. B.Adopting. C.Improving. D.Exploring.6.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor’sschoollife?A.Itprioritizesexamscores.B.Itfocusesonrotelearning.C.Itbalancesacademicsandextracurriculars.D.ItgivesupChinesevaluesforinternationalization.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowthroughthebirthdaystory?A.Onlinebirthdaycelebrationsaremoretouching.B.Home-cookedmealsarepopularamongstudents.C.Thestudentsaregoodatsingingindifferentlanguages.D.Theschool’sinternationalizationpromotescross-culturalbonds.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為國際部學生在中國學校的經歷，包括語言學習、學校生活及跨文化交流?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhileEnglishisthelanguageofinstructioninafewclasses,mostofusadvanceintohigher-levelcoursesconductedentirelyinChinese,whichisalsothelanguagewespeakincommon.(雖然有少數(shù)課程采用英語授課，但我們中的大部分人升入高年級后，所學課程就全部轉為中文教學了——中文也是我們日常交流的通用語言。)”可知，中文是學生們之間交流的共同語言。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Perhapscontrarytosomeinternationalperceptions,Chineseeducationhasmaturedandfollowedaprogressivecurveinitsdevelopment,findingbetterpathwaystohighperformance,creativityandinnovation,eschewingoldmodelsofrote(死記硬背)andrepetition.(或許與一些國際社會對中國教育的固有印象不同，如今的中國教育已經日趨成熟，發(fā)展進程穩(wěn)步向前，探索出了能夠兼顧高效學習成效、培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)造能力的優(yōu)質路徑，eschewing過去死記硬背、機械重復的陳舊模式。)”可知，中國教育已經成熟，在發(fā)展中遵循進步的曲線，找到了實現(xiàn)高績效、創(chuàng)造力和創(chuàng)新的更好途徑，因此拋棄了舊的死記硬背和重復的模式。故eschewing意思是“拋棄”。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Consequently,whilewe’rewell-knownforourstrongexamscores,whichremainsabaselineweallstrivetosupport,weshouldalsobeknownasaschoolwherekidskeepguitarsandbasketballscloseathand,andwherestudentsformbandsandteamstoplayonandoffcampus.(因此，雖然我們以優(yōu)異的考試成績而聞名，這仍然是我們所有人都努力支持的基準，但我們也應該被認為是一所孩子們隨身攜帶吉他和籃球的學校，一所學生們組成樂隊和團隊在校園內外表演的學校。)”可推知，作者學校生活兼顧學術和課外活動。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Recentlyagroupofsevenofmyfriendscamehomewithmeafterschooltohaveahomecookedmeal.Weenjoyedavarietyofdishes,piledwithfruit,cheeseandspicyThainoodles.Afterwards,Ibroughtoutabigchocolatecakeandwecovereditwithcandles,singing“HappyBirthday”formygrandmabackinAmericainfivedifferentlanguages.Hereyesbrimmedwithtearsofhappinessasshewatchedusonline.(最近，放學后，我的七個朋友和我一同回家吃了一頓家常飯。我們享用了各種菜肴，堆滿了水果、奶酪和辣味泰國面條。之后，我拿出一個大巧克力蛋糕，上面插上蠟燭，我們用五種不同的語言為我在美國的奶奶唱“生日快樂”。當她在網上看著我們時，她的眼睛里充滿了幸福的淚水。)”可推知，作者想通過生日故事說明學校的國際化促進了跨文化聯(lián)系。故選D。CWeknowthatsomeanimalslivelongerthanothers,butwedonotyetfullyunderstandwhy.Researchershavepreviouslyidentifiedbrainsizeandmetabolic(新陳代謝)ratesasfactorsthatcanvarylifespan,butnowevolutionaryresearchersfromtheUK’sUniversityofBathhavefoundanotherfactor,andit’sonethatcouldbekeytounderstandingwhycatstendtolivelongerthandogs.“Ourstudyrevealsthesurprisingroleplayedbytheimmunesystem-notjustinfightingdisease,butalsoinsupportinglongevityacrossawiderangeofmammals,”saysBenjaminfromtheUniversityofBath’sCentreforEvolution.Theresearchdoesnotdismisstheotherreasons,rathersuggestinglongevityisacombinationoffactors.Theresearchersinvestigatedthemaximumlifespanof46differentmammalianspecies,comparingtheanimals’genes.Theteamstudieddolphins,whichcanliveforupto39years,andotherwhalesthatliveforupto100years,buttheyalsolookedintosmalleranimalssuchasmice,whichtypicallyliveforonlyonetotwoyears.Theresultsshowedthatcertainsmallanimalslivelongerthanexpected,suchasnakedmolerats,whichcanlive20yearsdespiteasmallsizeandbrain.Thespeciesthatlivethelongesthadmoregenesassociatedwiththeirimmunesystem,accordingtotheresearchers;theteambelievesthatastrongimmunesystemactstoeliminatedamagedcells,whilealsofightinginfectionsandpreventingdisease.Catsaregiftedwithastrongnaturalimmunitythroughadiversesetofimmune-relatedgenes,whereastheselectivebreedingofdogshasleftsomebreedswithinheritedimmunedeficiencies(缺陷).Theresearchersnowintendtolookdeeperintosignificantdifferencesinthelifespansofdifferentmammalsbyinvestigatingspecificgenesthatrelatetocancerandotherlife-shorteningdiseases.8.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?A.Byquotinganexpert. B.Bydefiningaconcept.C.Bycomparingfindings. D.Byprovidingstatistics.9.WhatdidtheUniversityofBathresearchersfocuson?ADailyeatinghabits. B.Livingenvironments.C.Geneticcharacteristics. D.Reproductivepatterns.10.Whydoestheauthormentionnakedmolerats?A.Tocomparetheirlifespanwiththatofmice.B.Toexplainwhysmallanimalsliveshorterlives.C.Toshownakedmoleratshavethelongestlifespan.D.Toprovesizeandbrainsizedon’tdeterminelifespan.11.Whatistheresearchers’nextplan?A.Tostudytheimmunesystemofcatsanddogs.B.Toexploregenesassociatedwithseverediseases.C.Toconfirmtheroleofmetabolicratesinlifespan.D.Toinvestigatetheeffectofbreedingonimmunity.【答案】8.C9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了巴斯大學的一項新研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)強大的免疫系統(tǒng)和相關基因是哺乳動物長壽的關鍵因素，這解釋了為何貓通常比狗長壽?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Weknowthatsomeanimalslivelongerthanothers,butwedonotyetfullyunderstandwhy.Researchershavepreviouslyidentifiedbrainsizeandmetabolic(新陳代謝)ratesasfactorsthatcanvarylifespan,butnowevolutionaryresearchersfromtheUK’sUniversityofBathhavefoundanotherfactor,andit’sonethatcouldbekeytounderstandingwhycatstendtolivelongerthandogs.(我們知道有些動物比其他動物活得更久，但我們尚未完全理解其中的原因。研究人員此前已確認腦容量和新陳代謝率是影響壽命的因素，但現(xiàn)在英國巴斯大學的進化研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了另一個因素，這可能是理解為什么貓往往比狗長壽的關鍵)”可知，作者在第一段通過對比分析結果提出這個問題。故選C。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchersinvestigatedthemaximumlifespanof46differentmammalianspecies,comparingtheanimals’genes.(研究人員對46種不同哺乳動物的最長壽命進行了研究，并對這些動物的基因進行了比較)”可知，巴斯大學的研究人員關注的是遺傳特征。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Theresultsshowedthatcertainsmallanimalslivelongerthanexpected,suchasnakedmolerats,whichcanlive20yearsdespiteasmallsizeandbrain.(研究結果表明，某些小型動物的壽命比預期的要長，比如裸鼴鼠，盡管體型小且大腦較小，但它們的壽命卻能長達20年)”可知，作者提及裸鼴鼠以證明體型和大腦大小并不能決定壽命。故選D。【11題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearchersnowintendtolookdeeperintosignificantdifferencesinthelifespansofdifferentmammalsbyinvestigatingspecificgenesthatrelatetocancerandotherlife-shorteningdiseases.(研究人員現(xiàn)在打算進一步探究不同哺乳動物壽命上的顯著差異，為此他們將研究與癌癥及其他縮短壽命的疾病相關的特定基因)”可知，研究人員接下來的計劃是探索與嚴重疾病相關的基因。故選B。DForthefirsttimeever,apowerfullaser(激光)beamfromEarthhasreportedlyhitatargetdeepinspace.Itcouldbethekeytolightning-fastspacecommunicationinthefuture.Imaginetryingtoaimatsomethingadistanceofastrand(股)ofhairfromadistanceof10km.That’sroughlyequivalenttowhatChineseresearchershaveachieved,usingalaserinspacetotargetadistantsatelliteorbitingtheMoon.AerospaceengineersoftheBeijing-basedAcademyofScienceshavestruckasatellitewithaninfrared(紅外)laserinbroaddaylightandacrossadistanceof130,000km.ThepowerfullaserbeamhitareflectoronTiandu-1,aChineselunarnavigationandcommunicationstestsatellite,whichwaslaunchedinMarch2024:ThesignalwasreturnedtoEarthinlessthanasecond,capturedbyatelescopeinYunnaninSouth-WesternChina.Itisthefirsttimeeverthatengineershavemanagedtoaccuratelylocateandmeasureasatellitesofarawayandtodosoindaylight,whensunlightusuallyinterfereswithmeasurements.Insimilarearlierefforts,researchershadbeenabletocollectdataforonlyshortperiodsoftime.Butbydemonstratingthatthetechnologyalsoworksinsunlight,theresearchershavenowshownthatthemethodcouldenablemuchmorefrequentandaccuratemeasurementsinspace.Themethodcouldalsobeusedtorevolutionizecommunicationsinspace.CurrentlyweuseradiowavestosendmessagestoplacessuchasMars,butlaserscouldsendgreatlyincreasedquantitiesofdatainthesametime.Thetechnologycouldpavethewayforlightning-fastcontactwithfuturebasesontheMoon—andperhapsonedayonMars.StablelaserlinksinspacecanreportedlysenddatatoandfromEarthupto100timesfasterthancanradiowaves,perhapsanimportantboosttocommunicationwithfutureastronautsontheMoonandMars.12.WhatdidtheChineseresearcherssuccessfullymakethelaserbeamreach?A.Alunarbaseunderconstruction.B.AMarsexplorationspacecraft.C.Areflectivedeviceonatestsatellite.D.AgroundtelescopeinYunnan.13.WhatmakestheChineseengineers’achievementparticularlyremarkable?A.Locatingaso-distantsatellitepreciselyindaylight.B.LaunchingaMoon-orbitingsatellite130,000kmaway.C.GettingthesignalreturnedtoEarthinasecond.D.Usinganinfraredlaserforthefirsttimesuccessfully.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutradiowavesinspacecommunication?A.TheyareunabletoreachMarsfromEarth.B.Theywillsoonbereplacedbylasertechnology.C.Theyhavelowerdatatransmissioncapacitythanlasers.D.Theyaremoreeasilyinterferedwithbysunlightthanlasers.15.Whichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.AHistoricLaserStrike:TargetingtheMoonB.Tiandu-1Satellite:BridgingEarthandtheMoonC.RadioWaves:TheFutureofSpaceCommunicationD.China’sLaser:ALeapforDeep-SpaceCommunication【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了中國研究人員成功用激光束擊中月球軌道上的測試衛(wèi)星上的反射器，展示了激光在太空通信中的巨大潛力。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ThepowerfullaserbeamhitareflectoronTiandu-1,aChineselunarnavigationandcommunicationstestsatellite,whichwaslaunchedinMarch2024:ThesignalwasreturnedtoEarthinlessthanasecond,capturedbyatelescopeinYunnaninSouth-WesternChina.(這束強激光精準命中了2024年3月發(fā)射的中國月球導航與通信試驗衛(wèi)星“天都一號”上的反射器，信號在不到一秒的時間內傳回地球，由中國西南部云南省的一臺望遠鏡捕獲。)”可知，中國研究人員成功讓激光束到達了測試衛(wèi)星上的反射裝置。故選C。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Itisthefirsttimeeverthatengineershavemanagedtoaccuratelylocateandmeasureasatellitesofarawayandtodosoindaylight,whensunlightusuallyinterfereswithmeasurements.(這是工程師們首次成功在如此遠的距離精確地定位和測量一顆衛(wèi)星，并且是在白天進行的，而通常陽光會干擾測量。)”可知，中國工程師的成就特別顯著之處在于在白天精確地定位了如此遙遠的衛(wèi)星。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中“CurrentlyweuseradiowavestosendmessagestoplacessuchasMars,butlaserscouldsendgreatlyincreasedquantitiesofdatainthesametime.(目前我們使用無線電波向火星等地發(fā)送信息，但激光可以在相同的時間內發(fā)送更多的數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知，在太空通信中，無線電波的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸能力比激光低。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段“Forthefirsttimeever,apowerfullaser(激光)beamfromEarthhasreportedlyhitatargetdeepinspace.Itcouldbethekeytolightning-fastspacecommunicationinthefuture.(據(jù)報道，有史以來第一次，來自地球的強大激光束擊中了深空的一個目標。這可能是未來閃電般快速太空通信的關鍵。)”可知，文章主要講述了中國研究人員成功用激光束擊中月球軌道上的測試衛(wèi)星上的反射器，激光技術推動深空通信發(fā)展，中國的激光技術為深空通信帶來了飛躍。因此選項D“China’sLaser:ALeapforDeep-SpaceCommunication(中國的激光：深空通信的一大飛躍)”最符合文章主旨。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheLastLivingMonetEverywinter,theheadgardeneratClaudeMonet’sgardeninthetinyFrenchvillageofGivernysitsdowntoapileofseedlists’fordisappointment.Avisardknowshemustgrowatleast520,000plantstorecreatethesehistoricgrounds.Buteachyearatleast10seedvarietiesheselectedthepreviousseasonwilldisappear.____16____WhenMonetmovedtoGivernyin1883,nurseries(苗圃)werecoveredwithVictorianflowers.Manyofhisfavoredvarietieshavesincegoneextinctorbeencompletelychangedaspeoplepreferbothharder(耐寒的)plantsandflowerswithever-increasingblooms.Thisseason,Avisardiscrazyaboutgrowingatallerpelargonium(天竺葵),aclumped-flower(簇狀花)cousintothegeranium(老鸛草)thatMonetfamouslyplantedinseveralredandpinkbedsinfrontofhispinkhouse.“____17____”Avisardsays.“Tobringthembackwouldbearesurrection(起死回生).”Headgardenersince2016,Avisardnowleadsadozengardeners,twiceasmanyasMonetenlisted.____18____Wetterwintersfollowedbyhot,drysummersleadtoearliercrowdsofpests.Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge.____19____“It’scomplicated.”saysAvisard,“____20____”HeandGiverny’sgardenersseektopleaseamanthey’venevermetbycreatingaspacesoidentifiablethatitremindsstrangersofpaintingstheyseehanginginmuseumstheworldover.Asseedsdisappear,thetaskonlygetsharder.“WewantpeopletolookoutlikeMonetandseewhathesaw.”A.Youcan’tbuythemanywhere.B.Aswithfashion,people’stastesinflowerschange.C.ThetouristshavetofeelliketheyareinMonet’spaintings.D.Thesegardenersstrugglewithawildlychangingecosystem.E.Monet’sgardensymbolizesimpressionistartandnaturalbeauty.F.Hisworkincludesplanting,researchingandsourcingrareseeds.G.Nearly800,000visitorsflocktotheareaeveryyearbetweenAprilandOctober.【答案】16.B17.A18.D19.G20.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了莫奈花園首席園丁Avisard為重現(xiàn)莫奈花園歷史原貌，面臨種子消失、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)變化及游客管理等諸多挑戰(zhàn)，仍努力讓游客感受如同置身莫奈畫作中的故事?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Buteachyearatleast10seedvarietiesheselectedthepreviousseasonwilldisappear(但每年他上一季挑選的至少10種種子品種會消失)”以及下文“Manyofhisfavoredvarietieshavesincegoneextinctorbeencompletelychangedaspeoplepreferbothharder(耐寒的)plantsandflowerswithever-increasingblooms(他喜歡的許多品種此后已經滅絕或完全改變，因為人們更喜歡耐寒的植物和花朵越來越大的品種)”可知，前文提到每年有至少10種選定的種子品種消失，后文則指出莫奈時期的許多花卉品種因人們偏好耐寒、開花更多的品種而滅絕或被改變。B項“Aswithfashion,people’stastesinflowerschange(就像時尚一樣，人們對花的品味也會改變)”起到了承上啟下的作用，解釋了花卉品種消失和改變的原因是人們的品味變化，符合語境，故選B項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Thisseason,Avisardiscrazyaboutgrowingatallerpelargonium(天竺葵),aclumped-flower(簇狀花)cousintothegeranium(老鸛草)thatMonetfamouslyplantedinseveralredandpinkbedsinfrontofhispinkhouse(這個季節(jié)，Avisard熱衷于種植一種更高的天竺葵，這種簇狀花是老鸛草的近親，莫奈曾在他粉色房子前的幾個紅粉色花壇里種植過)”以及下文“Tobringthembackwouldbearesurrection(起死回生).(將它們重新培育回來，無異于一次起死回生)”可知，前文提及阿維薩德熱衷于培育一種莫奈曾種植的高株天竺葵，后文表示把它們帶回來堪稱起死回生，可推理出這種天竺葵現(xiàn)在很難買到，與A項“Youcan’tbuythemanywhere(你在任何地方都買不到它們)”表達的含義一致，故選A項。【18題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Wetterwintersfollowedbyhot,drysummersleadtoearliercrowdsofpests.Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge(冬季潮濕，隨后是炎熱干燥的夏季，導致害蟲提前大量出現(xiàn)。此外，游客管理也帶來了重大挑戰(zhàn))”可知，前文介紹阿維薩德領導的園丁團隊規(guī)模，后文則列舉了潮濕冬季和干熱夏季導致害蟲提早滋生的問題。D項“Thesegardenersstrugglewithawildlychangingecosystem(這些園丁與劇烈變化的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)作斗爭)”作為過渡句，點明園丁們面臨的核心難題是生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的劇烈變化，符合語境，故選D項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Inaddition,themanagementoftouristsposesasignificantchallenge(此外，游客管理也帶來了重大挑戰(zhàn))”可知，前文提出游客管理也帶來了重大挑戰(zhàn)，G項“Nearly800,000visitorsflocktotheareaeveryyearbetweenAprilandOctober(每年4月至10月，近80萬游客涌入該地區(qū))”用具體的游客數(shù)量數(shù)據(jù)支撐這一觀點，解釋了游客管理難度大的原因，具體說明游客管理方面的挑戰(zhàn)，符合語境，故選G項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文““It’scomplicated.”saysAvisard(“這很復雜?！卑⒕S薩爾說道)”以及后文“HeandGiverny’sgardenersseektopleaseamanthey’venevermetbycreatingaspacesoidentifiablethatitremindsstrangersofpaintingstheyseehanginginmuseumstheworldover(他和吉維尼的園丁們試圖通過創(chuàng)造一個如此獨特的空間來取悅一個他們從未見過的人，這個空間能讓陌生人想起他們在世界各地博物館里看到的畫作)”可知，前文阿維薩德說“這很復雜”，后文則說明園丁們的目標是打造辨識度高的空間，讓游客聯(lián)想到博物館里的莫奈畫作。C項“ThetouristshavetofeelliketheyareinMonet’spaintings(游客們必須感覺他們置身于莫奈的畫作中)”點明了“復雜”之處的核心目標，即讓游客獲得身臨其境的體驗，符合語境，故選C項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Amassivestormbrokethetown’sseawalls,pouringwaterintothestreets.Thomaswatchedthewaterrisefromnothingtohisanklesinminutes.Hehurriedto____21____hisneighborsinthesmallsix-unitbuildingwherehelived.Thomasbangedonthedoorofanelderlyneighborwhowasgettingreadytoleave.Hehelpedtheoldmangetintohiscar.Thomasalsowoketwootherneighbors,whoquickly____22____intotheirowncarwiththeirpets.Soon,theyspedaway,withwateralmostreachingtheircarlights.Thomaspickeda____23____12-footpaddleboard(漿板).Heputsome____24____intoabackpack,attachedaflashlightandpaddle,thenslidupontheboard.He____25____paddledthroughthedark,floodedstreets.Whenhewastyinghisboardtoatreeindeepwater,awoman____26____tohimfromabalcony.Shepointedtoasmallapartmentacrossaflooded____27____andsaid,“Awomanistrappedthere!Willyougoand____28____her?”“Iwill,”Thomasshoutedback.He____29____hispaddleboardandwenttothebuilding.Inside,56-year-oldteacherValerieAndersonwas____30____withherbigdog.Thewaterlevelkeptrising,butAndersondidn’tdaretoescapealone.Thefastwaterandhiddenobjectsoutsidecouldmakeherslipandbecarriedaway.Thomas____31____thedoor,buttheimmenseweightofthewatermadeithardtoopen.“Gotothesidewindow!”hecalled.Andersonopenedthewindow.Thomasstruggledthroughthewatertoherroom,climbedin,andhelpedherandherdogout.Fromnearbybalconies,neighborsshoneflashlightsto____32____themtosafety.Atlast,Thomasputhispaddleboardaway.Hewasgladhehad____33____afewbeersinhisbackpackbeforeleavinghis____34____.Tomorrow,theywouldcleanup.Buttonight,hehadsavedhis____35____inthetownwherehegrewup.21.A.convince B.warn C.evaluate D.spot22.A.looked B.dipped C.piled D.dug23.A.trapped B.hidden C.delicate D.tough24.A.valuables B.instruments C.lights D.pets25.A.gently B.slightly C.deliberately D.quickly26.A.smiled B.turned C.shouted D.pointed27.A.street B.park C.balcony D.lake28.A.turndown B.checkon C.appealto D.cutoff29.A.lowered B.repaired C.untied D.expanded30.A.stuck B.occupied C.content D.bored31.A.opened B.tried C.shut D.broke32.A.follow B.protect C.pull D.guide33.A.bought B.downloaded C.generated D.stored34.A.apartment B.safety C.paddleboard D.danger35.A.friends B.family C.neighbors D.teachers【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.D26.C27.A28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.D34.A35.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了在洪水來臨時，Thomas勇敢救助鄰居的英勇事跡?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他急忙去警告他居住的六單元小樓里的鄰居們。A.convince說服；B.warn警告；C.evaluate評估；D.spot發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“Amassivestormbrokethetown’sseawalls,pouringwaterintothestreets.Thomaswatchedthewaterrisefromnothingtohisanklesinminutes.Hehurriedto”和下文“hisneighbors”可知，洪水即將來襲，Thomas的行為是警告鄰居避險。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Thomas還叫醒了另外兩位鄰居，他們很快就帶著寵物擠進了自己的車里。A.looked看；B.dipped浸；C.piled堆積；D.dug挖。根據(jù)前文“Hehelpedtheoldmangetintohiscar.Thomasalsowoketwootherneighbors,whoquickly”和后文“intotheirowncarwiththeirpets”可知，前文描述他幫助老人上了他的車，此處指鄰居帶著寵物匆忙逃生，也擠進了車里，應用pileinto為固定搭配，意為“擠進”。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Thomas挑選了一塊結實12英尺長的槳板。A.trapped受困的；B.hidden隱藏的；C.delicate易碎的；D.tough結實的。根據(jù)后文“12-footpaddleboard”可知，槳板需要在洪水之中載人前行，必須足夠堅固耐用。故選D。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他把一些貴重物品放進背包，裝上手電筒和槳，然后滑上槳板。A.valuables貴重物品；B.instruments儀器；C.lights燈；D.pets寵物。根據(jù)前文“Heputsome”和后文“intoabackpack”以及常識可知，救援時背包里放的是貴重物品。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他迅速地在黑暗的、被洪水淹沒的街道上劃槳。A.gently溫柔地；B.slightly輕微地；C.deliberately故意地；D.quickly快速地。根據(jù)后文“paddledthroughthedark,floodedstreets”可知，情況緊急，所以是迅速地劃槳。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他在深水里把槳板系在樹上時，一個女人從陽臺上向他大喊。A.smiled微笑；B.turned轉彎；C.shouted喊叫；D.pointed指著。根據(jù)后文“tohimfromabalcony.Shepointedtoasmallapartmentacrossaflooded7andsaid,“Awomanistrappedthere!Willyougoand