2025年英漢筆譯考試題及答案一、漢譯英（共50分）在中國西南的橫斷山區(qū)，每年深秋至初春，總能見到一群身著藏藍工服的身影。他們攀爬在懸崖峭壁間，用鐵錘敲擊著風化的巖石，用尼龍繩固定松動的碎石——這是川藏鐵路沿線的地質(zhì)監(jiān)測員。這條被稱為“天路”的鐵路，穿越14條大江大河、21座4000米以上雪山，沿線地質(zhì)活動之頻繁、地形之復雜，堪稱“地質(zhì)博物館”。監(jiān)測員們的工作，就是在這片“博物館”里當“守夜人”，用腳步丈量每一寸風險。32歲的扎西是其中一員。他的背包里總裝著三樣東西：地質(zhì)錘、GPS定位儀、筆記本。筆記本的紙頁被高原的風刮得卷了邊，上面密密麻麻記著：“K327段左側(cè)邊坡裂隙寬度由3mm增至5mm，建議加密觀測”“D19隧道口冰掛長度超2米，需啟動融冰預案”……這些看似瑣碎的記錄，是預防滑坡、雪崩、冰害的第一道防線。去年11月，扎西在巡查時發(fā)現(xiàn)一處山體表面出現(xiàn)放射狀裂縫。他立即掏出地質(zhì)錘輕敲，聽聲音判斷內(nèi)部是否中空；又用卷尺測量裂縫走向，在GPS上標記坐標。下午5點，當他帶著數(shù)據(jù)趕回監(jiān)測站時，預警系統(tǒng)顯示該區(qū)域地應力異常。當晚10點，山體如期發(fā)生小規(guī)模滑坡，因預警及時，施工段提前封鎖，無一人傷亡。“我們不是英雄，只是比石頭更‘頑固’?！痹鞒Ｕf這句話。在海拔4500米的監(jiān)測點，他和同事們要忍受零下20℃的低溫，面對隨時可能滾落的飛石，還要克服高原反應帶來的頭痛、胸悶。但他們知道，每一次彎腰檢查，每一次抬頭觀測，都是為了讓列車能安全地穿過“世界屋脊”，讓藏區(qū)的青稞、牦牛制品更快抵達內(nèi)地，讓山那邊的孩子能坐著火車去看海。二、英譯漢（共50分）InthequietcornerofaBerlinneighborhood,asmallbookstorenamed"Buch&Brücke"(Books&Bridges)hasbeenredefiningtheroleofindependentbookstoresinthedigitalage.Foundedby47-year-oldLenaFischer,aformerliteraryagent,thestoredoesn’tjustsellbooks—itcurates"literaryexperiences."Uponentering,visitorsaregreetednotbytoweringshelves,butbyasunlitreadingnookwithplusharmchairsandawood-burningstove.Thewallsarelinedwithhandwrittennotes:"Forthetravelerwhomisseshome—try‘TheAlchemist’byCoelho"or"Ifyoucriedat‘ToKillaMockingbird,’read‘TheNightWatchman’byErdrich."Theserecommendations,pennedbyLenaandherteamoffivepart-time"literaryguides,"arebasedonhour-longconversationswithcustomersabouttheirlives,fears,anddreams.WhattrulysetsBuch&Brückeapartisits"Cross-CulturalDialogue"program.Everymonth,thestoreselectstwobooks—onefromaWesternauthor,onefromanon-Westernvoice—andhostsadiscussionwherereaderscomparethem.LastNovember,"TheGreatGatsby"waspairedwith"TheNarrowRoadtotheDeepNorth"byJapaneseauthorMatsuoBashō(adaptedintomodernJapanese)."It’snotaboutfindingsimilarities,"Lenaexplains,"butaboutunderstandinghowdifferentculturesframe‘thegoodlife.’Aparticipantoncesaid,‘IneverrealizedhowmuchmyideaofsuccessisshapedbyFitzgerald’scharactersuntilIreadBashō’shaikusaboutsimplicity.’"Thestorealsorunsa"BookAdoption"service.For€20,customerscan"adopt"asecondhandbook,writeapersonalmessagetoitsfuturereaderinsidethecover,andleaveitonthe"FreeShelf."Over3,000bookshavebeenpassedthisway,creatingachainofanonymousconnections.Aretiredteacheronceleftacopyof"TotheLighthouse"withanote:"Thisbooktaughtmethatloveisinthesmall,unspokenmoments.Mayitdothesameforyou."Sixmonthslater,acollegestudentinDresdenwrotebackinthemargins:"Ilostmymomlastyear.YournotemademerealizesheshowedlovethewayWoolfdescribes—throughmakingmylunch,fixingmybike.Thankyou."InanerawhenAmazondominates40%ofglobalbooksalesande-readersclaim28%ofthemarket,Buch&Brücke’srevenuehasgrownby15%annuallysinceitsopeningin2018."Peopledon’tjustwanttobuybooksanymore,"Lenasays,sippingrooibosteainthestore’scafé."Theywanttobeseen,toconnect,tofeelthatastorymattersbeyonditspages."AndinthislittlecornerofBerlin,that’sexactlywhat’shappening.--漢譯英參考答案：IntheHengduanMountainsofsouthwestChina,fromlateautumntoearlyspringeachyear,onecanalwaysspotfiguresindarkblueworkuniforms.Theyclimbupsteepcliffs,hammeringweatheredrocksandsecuringloosegravelwithnylonropes—thesearethegeologicalmonitorsalongtheSichuan-TibetRailway.Knownasthe"HeavenlyRoad,"thisrailwaycrosses14majorriversand21snow-cappedmountainsover4,000meters.Thefrequencyofgeologicalactivitiesandthecomplexityoftheterrainalongitsroutehaveearneditthetitleofa"geologicalmuseum."Themonitors’jobistoactas"nightwatchmen"inthis"museum,"measuringeveryinchofriskwiththeirfootsteps.Tashi,32,isoneofthem.Hisbackpackalwaysholdsthreeitems:ageologicalhammer,aGPSlocator,andanotebook.Thepages,curledbythehighlandwinds,aredenselyfilledwithnoteslike:"CrackwidthontheleftslopeofSectionK327increasedfrom3mmto5mm—recommendmorefrequentobservations"or"IciclesatTunnelD19exceed2metersinlength;ice-meltingprotocolneeded."Theseseeminglytrivialrecordsformthefirstlineofdefenseagainstlandslides,avalanches,andicedisasters.LastNovember,Tashinoticedradialcracksonamountainsurfaceduringapatrol.Heimmediatelytookouthisgeologicalhammertotapgently,listeningtodetermineiftheinteriorwashollow;thenhemeasuredthecracks’directionwithatapemeasureandmarkedthecoordinatesonhisGPS.By5p.m.,whenherushedbacktothemonitoringstationwiththedata,theearlywarningsystemshowedabnormalgroundstressinthearea.At10p.m.,asmalllandslideoccurredasexpected.Thankstothetimelywarning,theconstructionsectionwassealedinadvance,andnocasualtieswerereported."We’renotheroes—justmore‘stubborn’thanrocks,"Tashioftensays.Atthe4,500-metermonitoringpost,heandhiscolleaguesenduretemperaturesaslowas-20°C,facetheconstantriskoffallingrocks,andstrugglewithheadachesandchesttightnessfromaltitudesickness.Buttheyknowthateverybendtoinspect,everyglanceupward,ensurestrainscansafelycrossthe"RoofoftheWorld,"thatTibetanhighlandbarleyandyakproductsreachinlandmarketsfaster,andthatchildrenontheothersideofthemountainscantaketrainstoseethesea.英譯漢參考答案：在柏林某社區(qū)的一個安靜角落，一家名為“書與橋”（Buch&Brücke）的小書店正在重新定義獨立書店在數(shù)字時代的角色。它由47歲的前文學經(jīng)紀人萊娜·菲舍爾創(chuàng)立，這家店不僅賣書——它更在策劃“文學體驗”。推門而入，迎接顧客的不是高聳的書架，而是一處陽光充裕的閱讀角，擺著柔軟的扶手椅和燒木柴的爐子。墻上貼滿手寫便簽：“致思念家鄉(xiāng)的旅者——試試科埃略的《牧羊少年奇幻之旅》”“若你曾為《殺死一