高中英語高一《BeSportyBeHealthy》詞匯用法歸納及強化訓(xùn)練教學(xué)設(shè)計一、重點單詞詳解1.congratulatev.祝賀；恭喜【單詞拓展】congratulationn.祝賀；恭喜（復(fù)數(shù)形式：congratulations）congratulatoryadj.祝賀的；恭喜的【常見搭配】congratulatesbonsth因某事向某人祝賀offercongratulationstosb向某人致以祝賀sendcongratulations發(fā)送祝賀【典型例句】(1)Wecongratulatedheronwinningthepetition.我們?yōu)樗A得比賽表示祝賀。(2)Congratulationsonyourpromotion!恭喜你升職！2.assumev.假定；認為；承擔(dān)【單詞拓展】assumptionn.假定；假設(shè)assumedadj.假定的；假裝的【常見搭配】that...that...假定……assumeresponsibility承擔(dān)責(zé)任assumeanewrole擔(dān)任新角色【典型例句】(1)Iassumethatyouhavefinishedyourhomework.我假定你已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。(2)Heassumedtheleadershipofthepanylastyear.他去年擔(dān)任了公司的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職務(wù)。3.tendv.傾向于；照料【單詞拓展】tendencyn.趨勢；傾向tenderadj.溫柔的；嫩的【常見搭配】tendtodosth傾向于做某事tendtosb/sth照料某人/某物tendtowardssth趨向于某物【典型例句】(1)Peopletendtogetuplateonweekends.人們周末往往起得晚。(2)Shetendstohergardeneverymorning.她每天早上打理花園。4.reducev.減少；降低；使淪為【單詞拓展】reductionn.減少；降低reducedadj.減少的；降價的【常見搭配】by...esthby...使某物減少……to...esthto...把某物降低到……reducepollution減少污染【典型例句】(1)Thefactoryplanstoreduceemissionsby50%.這家工廠計劃將排放量減少50%。(2)Thefirereducedthehousetoashes.大火把房子燒成了灰燼。5.routinen.常規(guī)；慣例adj.日常的；例行的【單詞拓展】routinelyadv.例行地；常規(guī)地routinenessn.常規(guī)；平凡【常見搭配】dailyroutine日常慣例followaroutine遵循慣例breaktheroutine打破常規(guī)【典型例句】(1)Mymorningroutineincludesjoggingandreading.我的晨間慣例包括慢跑和閱讀。(2)Wehavearoutinecheckoftheequipmenteverymonth.我們每月對設(shè)備進行例行檢查。6.stretchv.伸展；拉長；延伸n.伸展；一段路程【單詞拓展】stretchingn.拉伸；伸展stretchyadj.有彈性的【常見搭配】stretchone'sarms/legs伸展胳膊/腿stretchout伸出；伸展astretchofroad一段路【典型例句】(1)Hestretchedouthishandtograbthebook.他伸出手去拿那本書。(2)Theforeststretchesformiles.這片森林綿延數(shù)英里。7.rangen.范圍；一系列；山脈v.（在……內(nèi)）變動【單詞拓展】rangedadj.排列的；分類的rangyadj.修長的；范圍廣的【常見搭配】arangeofsth一系列某物from...to...from...to...從……到……變動inrange在范圍內(nèi)【典型例句】(1)Thestoresellsawiderangeofsportsequipment.這家商店出售各種各樣的運動器材。(2)Temperaturesrangefrom5to15degreestoday.今天的氣溫在5到15度之間變化。8.energyn.能量；精力；活力【單詞拓展】energeticadj.精力充沛的；充滿活力的energeticallyadv.精力充沛地【常見搭配】saveenergy節(jié)約能源physicalenergy體力fullofenergy充滿活力【典型例句】(1)Childrenarealwaysfullofenergy.孩子們總是充滿活力。(2)Solarenergyisakindofcleanenergy.太陽能是一種清潔能源。9.averageadj.平均的；普通的n.平均數(shù)；平均水平adv.平均地【單詞拓展】averagelyadv.平均地；普通地averagenessn.普通；平庸【常見搭配】onaverage平均來說theaverageof...……的平均數(shù)aboveaverage高于平均水平【典型例句】(1)Onaverage,wespendtwohoursonhomeworkeveryday.平均來說，我們每天花兩小時做作業(yè)。(2)Hisgradesarebelowaverageintheclass.他的成績在班里處于平均水平以下。10.throughoutprep.遍及；貫穿adv.自始至終；到處【常見搭配】throughoutthecountry遍及全國throughouttheyear全年throughoutone'slife一生之中【典型例句】(1)Thenewsspreadthroughouttheworld.這個消息傳遍了全世界。(2)Shekeptsilentthroughoutthemeeting.她在整個會議中都保持沉默。11.injuryn.傷害；損害；受傷處【單詞拓展】injurev.傷害；損害injuredadj.受傷的；受損害的【常見搭配】sufferaninjury受傷seriousinjury重傷avoidinjury避免受傷【典型例句】(1)Hesufferedaleginjuryintheaccident.他在事故中腿部受傷。(2)Wearingahelmetcanpreventheadinjury.戴頭盔可以防止頭部受傷。12.preventv.防止；預(yù)防；阻止【單詞拓展】preventionn.預(yù)防；阻止preventiveadj.預(yù)防性的；預(yù)防的【常見搭配】preventsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事preventdisease預(yù)防疾病preventaccidents防止事故【典型例句】(1)Washinghandscanpreventusfromgettingsick.洗手能防止我們生病。(2)Weshouldtakemeasurestopreventwaterpollution.我們應(yīng)該采取措施防止水污染。13.equipmentn.設(shè)備；裝備【單詞拓展】equipv.裝備；配備equippedadj.裝備齊全的【常見搭配】sportsequipment運動器材officeequipment辦公設(shè)備maintainequipment維護設(shè)備【典型例句】(1)Thegymhasalotofnewsportsequipment.這家健身房有很多新的運動器材。(2)Weneedtoequipthelabwithadvancedinstruments.我們需要給實驗室配備先進的儀器。14.lackv.缺乏；沒有n.缺乏；不足【單詞拓展】lackingadj.缺乏的；不足的lacklusteradj.無光澤的；無生氣的【常見搭配】lackofsth缺乏某物lackmoney/time缺錢/時間belackinginsth缺乏某物【典型例句】(1)Helacksthecouragetospeakinpublic.他缺乏在公眾面前講話的勇氣。(2)Thereisalackofwaterinthisarea.這個地區(qū)缺水。15.maintainv.維持；保持；維護【單詞拓展】maintenancen.維護；保養(yǎng)；維持maintainableadj.可維持的；可維護的【常見搭配】maintainhealth保持健康maintainarelationship維持關(guān)系maintainequipment維護設(shè)備【典型例句】(1)Regularexercisehelpsmaintainahealthyweight.規(guī)律運動有助于保持健康的體重。(2)It'simportanttomaintainthemachineregularly.定期維護機器很重要。16.announcev.宣布；宣告；通知【單詞拓展】announcementn.公告；宣告；通知announcern.播音員；宣告者【常見搭配】announcesthtosb向某人宣布某事announcearesult公布結(jié)果announcethenews播報新聞【典型例句】(1)Theheadmasterannouncedthenewschoolrulesattheopeningceremony.校長在開學(xué)典禮上宣布了新的校規(guī)。(2)Thegovernmentannouncedaplantoimprovepublictransportyesterday.政府昨天宣布了一項改善公共交通的計劃。17.updatev.更新；使現(xiàn)代化n.更新；最新消息【單詞拓展】updatedadj.更新的；現(xiàn)代化的updatern.更新程序；更新者【常見搭配】updatesth更新某物getanupdate獲得最新消息latestupdate最新更新【典型例句】(1)Ineedtoupdatemyphonesoftware.我需要更新手機軟件。(2)Wereceivedanupdateontheprojectthismorning.我們今天早上收到了項目的最新消息。18.replacev.替換；取代；把……放回原處【單詞拓展】replacementn.替換；更換；替代品replaceableadj.可替換的；可取代的【常見搭配】replaceAwithB用B替換Areplacesth替換某物bereplacedby被……取代【典型例句】(1)Wereplacedtheoldsofawithanewone.我們用新沙發(fā)換掉了舊沙發(fā)。(2)Lettersaregraduallyreplacedbyemails.信件逐漸被電子郵件取代。19.hesitatev.猶豫；遲疑；躊躇【單詞拓展】hesitationn.猶豫；遲疑hesitantadj.猶豫的；遲疑的【常見搭配】hesitatetodosth猶豫做某事withouthesitation毫不猶豫hesitateaboutsth對某事猶豫不決【典型例句】(1)Don'thesitatetoaskforhelpifyouneedit.如果你需要幫助，別猶豫，盡管說。(2)Shehesitatedforamomentbeforeansweringthequestion.她在回答問題前猶豫了一下。20.admitv.承認；準許進入；接納【單詞拓展】admissionn.承認；入場費；錄取admissibleadj.可接納的；可承認的【常見搭配】admitdoingsth承認做過某事admitthat...承認……admitsbto/intosth準許某人進入某物（某處）【典型例句】(1)Headmittedmakingamistakeinthereport.他承認在報告中犯了一個錯誤。(2)Shewasadmittedtoafamousuniversitylastyear.她去年被一所名牌大學(xué)錄取了。21.inspirev.鼓舞；激勵；賦予靈感【單詞拓展】inspirationn.靈感；鼓舞；激勵inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的；激勵的【常見搭配】inspiresbtodosth激勵某人做某事beinspiredby受……鼓舞inspireconfidence激發(fā)信心【典型例句】(1)Herstoryinspiredustoworkharder.她的故事激勵我們更加努力工作。(2)Thebeautifulsceneryinspiredthepoettowritepoems.美麗的景色給詩人帶來了創(chuàng)作靈感。22.explorev.探索；探究；勘探【單詞拓展】explorationn.探索；探究；勘探exploratoryadj.探索性的；勘探的【常見搭配】exploreaplace探索一個地方exploreideas探究想法explorenewpossibilities探索新的可能性【典型例句】(1)TheyplantoexploretheAmazonrainforestnextyear.他們計劃明年去探索亞馬遜雨林。(2)Weneedtoexplorenewwaystosolvetheproblem.我們需要探索解決這個問題的新方法。23.inspirationn.靈感；鼓舞；激勵【單詞拓展】inspirev.鼓舞；激勵；賦予靈感inspirationaladj.鼓舞人心的；啟發(fā)靈感的【常見搭配】drawinspirationfrom從……中汲取靈感asourceofinspiration靈感來源creativeinspiration創(chuàng)作靈感【典型例句】(1)Shedrawsinspirationfromnature.她從大自然中汲取靈感。(2)Hisspeechwasagreatinspirationtous.他的演講給了我們很大的鼓舞。24.satisfactionn.滿意；滿足；欣慰【單詞拓展】satisfyv.使?jié)M意；使?jié)M足；滿足（需求）satisfiedadj.滿意的；滿足的satisfyingadj.令人滿意的；令人滿足的【常見搭配】withsatisfaction滿意地toone'ssatisfaction令某人滿意的是satisfactionwithsth對某事的滿意【典型例句】(1)Hesmiledwithsatisfactionathisfinishedwork.他看著完成的作品，滿意地笑了。(2)Tomysatisfaction,allthestudentspassedtheexam.令我滿意的是，所有學(xué)生都通過了考試。25.existv.存在；生存【單詞拓展】existencen.存在；生存existentadj.存在的；現(xiàn)存的existingadj.現(xiàn)存的；現(xiàn)行的【常見搭配】existin...存在于……中existon...靠……生存eintoexistence產(chǎn)生；成立【典型例句】(1)Manyrareanimalsexistinthedeepforest.許多珍稀動物存在于密林之中。(2)Hecanbarelyexistonthelowsalary.他靠這份微薄的工資幾乎難以生存。二、重點短語用法精析1.dowonders創(chuàng)造奇跡；產(chǎn)生奇效；效果顯著【應(yīng)用場景】描述運動/飲食對身體的改善：Eatingvegetableseverydaydoeswondersforyourimmunesystem.說明方法對學(xué)習(xí)/工作的幫助：Thisstudymethoddidwondersforhisgrades.【典型例句】(1)Regularexercisedoeswondersforbothphysicalandmentalhealth.規(guī)律運動對身心健康都有奇效。(2)Agoodnight'ssleepdidwondersforhermood.一夜好眠讓她的心情好了很多。2.overthelongterm從長遠來看；長期【應(yīng)用場景】分析健身計劃的效果：Stickingtoexerciseoverthelongtermwillstrengthenyourbody.討論投資/學(xué)習(xí)的收益：Learningalanguageoverthelongtermrequirespatience.【典型例句】(1)Overthelongterm,smokingwillcauseserioushealthproblems.從長遠來看，吸煙會引發(fā)嚴重的健康問題。(2)Savingmoneyoverthelongtermwillhelpyouachievefinancialfreedom.長期存錢會幫你實現(xiàn)財務(wù)自由。3.stickwith堅持；繼續(xù)做；不放棄【應(yīng)用場景】鼓勵堅持健身習(xí)慣：Ifyoustickwithyourworkoutroutine,you'llseeresults.建議堅持學(xué)習(xí)方法：Stickwiththisplan,andyourEnglishwillimprove.【典型例句】(1)Shestuckwithherdietandlost10poundsinamonth.她堅持節(jié)食，一個月瘦了10磅。(2)Stickwithyourdreams,andtheywilletruesomeday.堅持你的夢想，總有一天會實現(xiàn)的。4.makeupfor彌補；補償【應(yīng)用場景】彌補運動中的水分流失：Drinkwatertomakeupfortheliquidlostthroughsweat.彌補錯過的學(xué)習(xí)/工作時間：Ineedtostudyextrahourstomakeupforthelosttime.【典型例句】(1)Heworkedhardtomakeupforhismistake.他努力工作來彌補自己的錯誤。(2)Thebeautifulscenerymakesupforthelongjourney.美麗的風(fēng)景彌補了漫長的旅途。5.putthefinishingtoucheson對……進行最后的潤色；完成最后的細節(jié)【應(yīng)用場景】完善健身計劃：She'sputtingthefinishingtouchesonhernewexerciseroutine.完成項目/作品的收尾：Thedesignerisputtingthefinishingtouchesontheposter.【典型例句】(1)We'reputtingthefinishingtouchesonthepartydecorations.我們正在給派對裝飾做最后的收尾。(2)Thewriterputthefinishingtouchesonhisnovellastweek.這位作家上周給小說做了最后的潤色。6.inresponseto作為對……的回應(yīng)；響應(yīng)【應(yīng)用場景】回應(yīng)健身后的身體反應(yīng)：Inresponsetoregularexercise,yourheartbeesmoreefficient.回應(yīng)市場/社會需求：Thepanydevelopedanewproductinresponsetocustomerfeedback.【典型例句】(1)Thegovernmenttookactioninresponsetothepublic'sconcerns.政府針對公眾的擔(dān)憂采取了行動。(2)Hesmiledinresponsetoherjoke.他聽了她的笑話笑了起來。7.undertheweather身體不適；生病【應(yīng)用場景】說明身體不適無法運動：Ican'tgojoggingtodaybecauseI'mundertheweather.描述生病的狀態(tài)：Hestayedhomeashewasfeelingabitundertheweather.【典型例句】(1)Mymotherisundertheweather,soIneedtotakecareofher.我媽媽身體不舒服，我需要照顧她。(2)Ifyou'reundertheweather,youshouldrestathome.如果你身體不適，就應(yīng)該在家休息。8.nowonder難怪；怪不得【應(yīng)用場景】解釋健身效果的必然性：Nowonderyou'reenergetic—youexerciseeveryday!理解考試/工作結(jié)果的原因：Nowonderyoufailed;youdidn'tstudyatall.【典型例句】(1)Nowondertheroomiscold—youleftthewindowopen.難怪房間這么冷，你把窗戶開著了。(2)Nowondershe'sgoodatdancing—shepracticeseveryday.難怪她跳舞跳得好，她每天都練習(xí)。9.berootedin源于；根植于【應(yīng)用場景】說明健身習(xí)慣的根源：Ahealthylifestyleisrootedinregularexerciseandabalanceddiet.分析文化/習(xí)俗的起源：Thistraditionisrootedinancienthistory.【典型例句】(1)Hisloveformusicisrootedinhischildhoodexperiences.他對音樂的熱愛源于童年的經(jīng)歷。(2)Theconflictisrootedinamisunderstandingbetweenthetwosides.這場沖突源于雙方的誤解。三、強化訓(xùn)練第一部分用括號中所給單詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空（每空2分，滿分40分）Pleasewritea____________(congratulate)messagetocelebratehergraduation.His____________(assume)thateveryonewouldagreewithhimturnedouttobewrong.Thereisagrowing____________(tend)foryoungpeopletoworkfromhome.The____________(reduce)ofcarbonemissionsiscrucialforenvironmentalprotection.Sheleadsavery____________(routine)life,gettingupat6a.m.everyday.Afterthelongrun,hedidsome____________(stretch)exercisestorelaxhismuscles.Thepriceoftheproductiswithina____________(range)of10to20.Sheisan____________(energy)personwhoneverseemstogettired.____________(average)speaking,womenlivelongerthanmeninmostcountries.Thesingerwaspopular____________(throughout)thecountryduringthe1990s.The____________(injure)workerwassenttothehospitalimmediatelyaftertheaccident.Weneedtotake____________(prevent)measurestoavoidfiresintheforest.Thelabisinneedofnew____________(equip)tocarryouttheresearch.Hefailedtheexambecauseofhis____________(lack)ofpreparation.Regular____________(maintain)ofthemachinecanextenditsservicelife.The____________(announce)ofthenewpolicywasmadeatthepressconference.Ireceivedan____________(update)ontheprojectprogressthismorning.The____________(replace)oftheoldbridgewillstartnextmonth.Sheansweredthequestionwithoutany____________(hesitate).His____________(admit)tothetopuniversitymadehisparentsveryproud.第二部分用括號中所給短語的恰當(dāng)形式填空（每空2分，滿分40分）Regularexercise____________(dowonders)forbothyourphysicalandmentalhealth.____________(overthelongterm),smokingwillcausegreatharmtoyourlungs.Ifyou____________(stickwith)yourlearninggoals,youwillachievethemeventually.Youneedtoeatmoreproteinto____________(makeupfor)theenergyyoulostduringexercise.Thedesigneris____________(putthefinishingtoucheson)thenewfashioncollection.Thepanychangeditspolicy____________(inresponseto)thecustomers'plaints.Ican'tattendthepartytonightbecauseI'mfeelingabit____________(undertheweather).____________(nowonder)you'regoodatEnglish—youreadEnglishbookseveryday!Herloveforpainting____________(berootedin)herchildhoodexperiences.Takingvitaminseveryday____________(dowonders)foryourimmunesystem.Savingmoney____________(overthelongterm)willhelpyoubuyahouseinthefuture.It'snoteasyto____________(stickwith)adietplan,butit'sworthit.Heworkedovertimeto____________(makeupfor)theworkhemissedyesterday.We're____________(putthefinishingtoucheson)thepartydecorationsbeforetheguestsarrive.Theschoolmadeanewrule____________(inresponseto)thestudents'safetyconcerns.Myfatheris____________(undertheweather),sohe'sstayinginbedtoday.____________(nowonder)theplantsaredying—youhaven'twateredthemforweeks!Thiscustom____________(berootedin)thelocalhistoryandculture.Listeningtomusic____________(dowonders)forrelievingstressafterwork.Learningalanguagewell____________(overthelongterm)requirespatienceandpractice.第三部分完成句子（每空2分，滿分20分）根據(jù)括號內(nèi)提示詞，結(jié)合語境完成句子________________________(為了防止受傷),youshouldwarmupbeforeexercising.(prevent)She________________________(猶豫要不要接受這份工作)becauseitwasfarfromherhome.(hesitate)________________________(平均來說),ittakesabout21daystoformanewhabit.(average)Thepany________________________(宣布了一項新的環(huán)保計劃)lastmonth.(announce)Weneedto________________________(探索新的方法)toimproveourservice.(explore)________________________(難怪他這么開心),hejustwonthefirstprizeinthepetition.(wonder)Regularexercise________________________(對我們的健康有奇效)bothphysicallyandmentally.(wonders)Hiscourage________________________(源于他的家庭教育)andpersonalexperiences.(root)Ihavetoworkextrahoursto________________________(彌補我上周錯過的時間).(makeupfor)Ifyou________________________(堅持你的健身計劃),youwilldefinitelyloseweight.(stickwith)參考答案及詳解第一部分用括號中所給單詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空congratulatory解析：修飾名詞message需用形容詞，congratulate的形容詞形式為congratulatory，表“祝賀的”。assumption解析：形容詞性物主代詞His后接名詞，assume的名詞形式為assumption，表“假設(shè)”。tendency解析：不定冠詞a后接單數(shù)名詞，tend的名詞形式為tendency，表“趨勢”。reduction解析：定冠詞The后接名詞，reduce的名詞形式為reduction，表“減少”。routine解析：修飾名詞life需用形容詞，routine本身可作形容詞，表“日常的”。stretching解析：修飾名詞exercises需用名詞作定語，stretchingexercises為固定搭配，表“拉伸運動”。range解析：arangeof為固定短語，表“……的范圍”，直接使用名詞range。energetic解析：修飾名詞person需用形容詞，energy的形容詞形式為energetic，表“精力充沛的”。Averagely解析：修飾分詞speaking需用副詞，average的副詞形式為Averagely，注意句首首字母大寫。throughout解析：throughoutthecountry為固定搭配，表“全國范圍內(nèi)”，無拓展詞形，直接用原詞。injured解析：修飾名詞worker需用形容詞，injury的形容詞形式為injured，表“受傷的”。preventive解析：修飾名詞measures需用形容詞，prevent的形容詞形式為preventive，表“預(yù)防性的”。equipment解析：equip的名詞形式為equipment，表“設(shè)備”，為不可數(shù)名詞，無復(fù)數(shù)形式。lack解析：lackof為固定短語，表“缺乏”，lack本身可作名詞，無需變形。maintenance解析：形容詞Regular后接名詞，maintain的名詞形式為maintenance，表“維護”。announcement解析：定冠詞The后接名詞，announce的名詞形式為announcement，表“公告”。update解析：不定冠詞an后接單數(shù)名詞，update本身可作名詞，表“最新消息”。replacement解析：定冠詞The后接名詞，replace的名詞形式為replacement，表“替換”。hesitation解析：介詞without后接名詞，hesitate的名詞形式為hesitation，表“猶豫”。admission解析：形容詞性物主代詞His后接名詞，admit的名詞形