南海區(qū)2027屆高二上學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)水平測(cè)試英語試卷本試卷共10頁(yè)，筆試部分滿分130分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。第一部分聽說考試(獨(dú)立安排，滿分20分)第二部分閱讀(共三節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)閱讀理解(共10小題;每小題2分，滿分20分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABorninLondoninApril1934,JaneGoodall’sinterestinanimalsbeganinearlychildhood.Atjusteight,sheannouncedshe’dgotoAfrica“tolivewithwildanimalsandwritebooksaboutthem”—adreamsheneverletgo.Withlittlemorethandetermination,anotebook,andherstuffedtoychimpanzeeJubilee,JanesetofftoGombeStreamNationalParkin1960.Atthetime,itwasalmostunheardofforayoungwoman,especiallyonewithoutadegree,toleadaresearchprojectinthefield.Withoutformalscientificbackground,sherosebeforesunrise,hikedintothehillsalone,andobservedfromadistanceformonths,hopingthatthechimpanzeesmightonedayaccepther.Slowly,painstakingly,shewasrewarded.Oneday,achimpanzeeshecalledDavidGreybeardapproachedher.Thatmomentmarkedthebeginningofarelationshipbuiltontrustandrespect.Italsolaidthefoundationforoneofthemostimportantstudiesofanimalbehaviourinhistory.Sheonceobservedachimpcarefullypullingofftheleavesfromagrassstem(莖)andusingittofishinsectsfromananthill.Untilthatmoment,tool-makingwasthoughttobeauniquelyhumantrait.Janealsodocumentedchimpanzeesshowingemotionsoncebelievedtobelongonlytohumans:joy,play,friendshipandevenwar.Jane’sworkextendedfarbeyondtheforestsofGombe.In1977,shefoundedtheJaneGoodallInstitute,combiningresearchwithapowerfulnewvision:thatprotectinganimalsmustincludesupportingthepeoplewholivealongsidethem.In1991,inspiredbyaconversationwithagroupofstudentswhofelthopelessabouttheplanet’sfuture,JaneestablishedRoots&Shoots,givingyoungpeoplethetools,platformandinspirationtoleadprojectsthathelppeople,animals,andtheenvironment.Evenintoher90s,Janecontinuedtotravel,speakandinspiremillionsworldwide,deliveringasimpleyetpowerfulmessage:Whatyoudomakesadifference,andyouhavetodecidewhatkindofdifferenceyouwanttomake.Everyschoolworkshopsupported,treeplanted,andyoungmindinspiredbuildstowardthefutureJaneimagined,Dr.JaneGoodall’svisionliveson—notthroughadmiringfromafar,butthroughactionstakenclosetohome.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJane’sjourneytoGombeStreamNationalPark?A.Herlackofadegreemadeherhesitant.B.Herpatiencecontributedtotheresearch.C.Shewasnotallowedtoleadtheresearchatfirst.D.Shewasaccompaniedbyprofessionalresearchers.2.WhatdidJaneGoodallfindoutaboutchimpanzees?A.Theyhavesimilarintelligencetohumans.B.Theybehavemorelikehumansthanexpected.C.Theyaregoodatlearningthroughobservation.D.Theymainlyliveoninsectsandsmallanimals.3.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph5?A.Jane’sachievementsinanimalresearch.B.Jane’seffortstoseekorganizationalsupport.C.Jane’sexperiencesofenlargingmembership.D.Jane’sdevotiontoinspiringwidespreadaction.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了珍?古道爾的生平事跡，從兒時(shí)萌生研究野生動(dòng)物的夢(mèng)想，到前往貢貝溪國(guó)家公園開展黑猩猩研究并取得重大突破，再到創(chuàng)立相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)推動(dòng)動(dòng)物保護(hù)和青少年環(huán)保行動(dòng)，展現(xiàn)了她對(duì)動(dòng)物研究和生態(tài)保護(hù)事業(yè)的畢生奉獻(xiàn)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Withoutformalscientificbackground,sherosebeforesunrise,hikedintothehillsalone,andobservedfromadistanceformonths,hopingthatthechimpanzeesmightonedayaccepther(沒有正規(guī)的科學(xué)背景，她日出前就起身，獨(dú)自徒步進(jìn)山，遠(yuǎn)距離觀察了好幾個(gè)月，希望黑猩猩們有朝一日能接納她)”以及“Slowly,painstakingly,shewasrewarded(慢慢地、煞費(fèi)苦心地，她得到了回報(bào))”可知，珍的耐心為她的研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)，助力研究順利開展。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Untilthatmoment,tool-makingwasthoughttobeauniquelyhumantrait(在那之前，制造工具還被認(rèn)為是人類獨(dú)有的特征)”以及“Janealsodocumentedchimpanzeesshowingemotionsoncebelievedtobelongonlytohumans:joy,play,friendshipandevenwar(珍還記錄到黑猩猩會(huì)表現(xiàn)出曾被認(rèn)為只有人類才有的情感：喜悅、玩耍、友誼，甚至爭(zhēng)斗)”可知，珍發(fā)現(xiàn)黑猩猩的行為比人們預(yù)想的更接近人類。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Jane’sworkextendedfarbeyondtheforestsofGombe.In1977,shefoundedtheJaneGoodallInstitute,combiningresearchwithapowerfulnewvision:thatprotectinganimalsmustincludesupportingthepeoplewholivealongsidethem.In1991,inspiredbyaconversationwithagroupofstudentswhofelthopelessabouttheplanet’sfuture,JaneestablishedRoots&Shoots,givingyoungpeoplethetools,platformandinspirationtoleadprojectsthathelppeople,animals,andtheenvironment.Evenintoher90s,Janecontinuedtotravel,speakandinspiremillionsworldwide,deliveringasimpleyetpowerfulmessage:Whatyoudomakesadifference,andyouhavetodecidewhatkindofdifferenceyouwanttomake.(珍的工作遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了貢貝的森林。1977年，她創(chuàng)立了珍·古道爾研究所（JaneGoodallInstitute），將研究與一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的新愿景結(jié)合起來：保護(hù)動(dòng)物必須包括支持與它們生活在一起的人。1991年，珍在與一群對(duì)地球的未來感到絕望的學(xué)生的談話中受到啟發(fā)，成立了Roots&Shoots，為年輕人提供工具、平臺(tái)和靈感，讓他們領(lǐng)導(dǎo)幫助人類、動(dòng)物和環(huán)境的項(xiàng)目。即使在她90多歲的時(shí)候，珍還在繼續(xù)旅行、演講，并激勵(lì)著全世界數(shù)百萬人，傳遞著一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單而有力的信息：你所做的事情會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響，你必須決定你想要產(chǎn)生什么樣的影響。)”可知，珍1977年創(chuàng)立珍?古道爾研究所，將研究與“保護(hù)動(dòng)物需支持周邊居民”的愿景結(jié)合，1991年又成立Roots&Shoots項(xiàng)目，為年輕人提供平臺(tái)參與環(huán)保行動(dòng)，晚年還堅(jiān)持奔走宣講，傳遞行動(dòng)改變世界的理念。整體體現(xiàn)了珍致力于推動(dòng)更廣泛的環(huán)保行動(dòng)，激勵(lì)更多人參與其中。故選D。BFordecades,apopularmisunderstandinghasclaimedthatexercise“usesup”heartbeats.However,agroundbreakingstudyfromAustraliaischallengingthislong-heldbelief,showingthatfitnessmightactuallyhelpsaveheartbeatsandimprovehealthoutcomes.PublishedinthejournalJACC:Advances,thestudycomparedheartratesbetweentwogroups:physicallyfitindividualsandinactiveadults.Athletesrecordedanaverageheartrateof68beatsperminute(bpm),whileinactiveparticipantsaveraged76bpm.Overa24-hourperiod,thatequalsabout97,920heartbeatsforathletesand109,440fornon-athletes,adifferenceofabout10percentfewerbeatsperdayamongthefitterparticipants.Notably,thefittestparticipantsevenhadrestingheartratesaslowas40bpm,comparedtotheaveragerangeof70-80bpmformostpeople.ProfessorLaGerche,headoftheHEARTLaboratory,explainedthekeyreasonbehindthispattern.“Eventhoughathletes’heartsworkharderduringexercise,theirlowerrestingratesmorethanmakeupforit,”hesaid.“Thefitteryouare,themoremetabolically(新陳代謝)efficient(高效的)yourbodybecomes.Evenifyoutrainhardforonehouraday,yourheartbeatsfarslowerfortheother23hours,resultinginfewertotalbeatsoverall.”Hefurthernotedthatalowerrestingheartrateisnotjustasignofgoodfitness,butalsoapredictorofbetterhealth.Whileextremeenduranceeventslikemarathonscanraisedailyheartbeatcounts,hestressedthatregular,moderate(適度的)exercisebringsfarmorebenefitsthanrisks.“Thebiggesthealthgaincomesfrommovingfromunfittomoderatelyfit.”ProfessorLaGercheadded.“Justafewhoursofpurposefulexerciseeachweekcansignificantlypromoteyourheart’sefficiency,andhelpmakeeveryheartbeatcount.Itmayevenextendyourlifebyyears.”4.Whydoesthestudycomparetwogroupsofpeople?A.Toproveathletesarehealthier.B.Tofindawaytolowerheartrate.C.Toshowfitnessaffectsheartbeat.D.Toexplainhowmetabolismworks.5.Whydoathleteshavefewertotalheartbeats?A.Theyhavelowerrestingheartrate.B.Theyneedlessoveralloxygensupply.C.Theirbodiesareslimmerthanothers.D.Theirheartsdeliverlessbloodperbeat.6.WhatwouldProfessorLaGercheprobablyagreewith?A.Regularexercisehasnorisks.B.Moderateexerciseispreferred.C.Thefewerheartbeatsthebetter.D.Restingheartratedoesn’tmatter.【答案】4.C5.A6.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹澳大利亞一項(xiàng)研究反駁運(yùn)動(dòng)消耗心跳的誤區(qū)，證實(shí)健身有益心臟健康?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,agroundbreakingstudyfromAustraliaischallengingthislong-heldbelief,showingthatfitnessmightactuallyhelpsaveheartbeatsandimprovehealthoutcomes.(然而，澳大利亞的一項(xiàng)開創(chuàng)性研究正在挑戰(zhàn)這一長(zhǎng)期存在的觀點(diǎn)，該研究表明，健身實(shí)際上可能有助于節(jié)省心跳次數(shù)并改善健康狀況)”以及第二段中的“Publishedinthejournal

JACC:Advances,thestudycomparedheartratesbetweentwogroups:physicallyfitindividualsandinactiveadults.(發(fā)表在JACC:Advances雜志上，該研究比較了兩組人群的心率：身體健康的人和缺乏運(yùn)動(dòng)的成年人)”可知，研究對(duì)比兩組人群的目的是為了證明健身對(duì)心跳存在影響。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Eventhoughathletes’heartsworkharderduringexercise,theirlowerrestingratesmorethanmakeupforit(盡管運(yùn)動(dòng)員的心臟在運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)工作更費(fèi)力，但他們較低的靜息心率足以彌補(bǔ)這一點(diǎn))”以及“Evenifyoutrainhardforonehouraday,yourheartbeatsfarslowerfortheother23hours,resultinginfewertotalbeatsoverall.(即使你每天高強(qiáng)度訓(xùn)練一小時(shí)，在剩下的23小時(shí)里，你的心跳也會(huì)慢得多，導(dǎo)致總心跳次數(shù)減少)”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)員總心跳次數(shù)更少的原因是他們的靜息心率更低。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whileextremeenduranceeventslikemarathonscanraisedailyheartbeatcounts,hestressedthatregular,moderateexercisebringsfarmorebenefitsthanrisks.“Thebiggesthealthgaincomesfrommovingfromunfittomoderatelyfit.”(雖然像馬拉松這樣的極限耐力項(xiàng)目可以提高每天的心跳次數(shù)，他強(qiáng)調(diào)，規(guī)律、適度的運(yùn)動(dòng)帶來的益處遠(yuǎn)大于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)?！白畲蟮慕】凳斋@來自于從不健康狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檫m度健康狀態(tài)?！?”可知，LaGerche教授很可能認(rèn)同“適度運(yùn)動(dòng)更值得推崇”這一觀點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)。CWhenFrenchwriterLéoreachedthetopofaremoteIcelandicmountainwhereonlyafewbitsoficeremained,hisfirstthoughtwasthatitwasbreathtakinglybeautiful—untiloneoftheguidesgentlytoldhimthateverythingaroundhimusedtobeglacier(冰川).“Andthenithitme,”Léosaid.“That’swhenIrealizedhowseriousthesituationwas.”Léo’srealizationisn’tunique.Inrecentyears,agrowingnumberoftouristshavestartedseekingsimilarexperiencesastheyjourneytoseelandmarks,landscapesandevenentiredestinationsthatmaysoondisappearforeverbecauseofclimatechange.Knownaslast-chancetourism,this“see-it-before-it’s-gone”practiceiscontentious.Researchindicatesthattheamountoffuelittakestotraveltothesedestinationscouldspeeduptheirverydecline.Ontheotherhand,advocatessaythat,doneresponsibly,itcanalsoinspiretravelerstoprotecttheveryplacestheycametosee.RetiredscientistNadineMarshallhasstudiedhowtheconnectiontravelersandtouristsestablishwiththeGreatBarrierReef(大堡礁)hasturnedinto“reefgrief(悲痛)”.Shefoundthatpeoplereportedaparticularlyhighlevelofreefgriefafterbleaching(白化)incidentsduetoclimatechange.Unlikelocals,whohadseenthereefchangeovertime,first-timevisitorsweregrievingsomethingtheyhadneverseen—thereef’spreviousunbleachedstate—indicatingthatpeoplecanquicklyformastrongemotionalattachmenttoaplace,whichcanincreasethelikelihoodofclimate-friendlybehaviour.“It’sgoodtofeelgriefbecauseit’smotivatingandespeciallywhenthegriefisduetoourmismanagementoftheplanet,”Marshallsaid.“Itmakesuswanttobebetterandtochangeortobesolution-oriented.”ForLéo,thekeyistogrievecollectivelyandthenchannelthatemotionintoaction.AfterreturningfromIceland,LéohelpedorganizeafestivalinLyondiscussingthechallengesofandpossiblesolutionstoclimatechange.7.Whatisthemainreasonbehindthegrowthoflast-chancetourism?A.Ascientificinterestinclimatechange.B.Asenseofresponsibilitytoprotectnature.C.Thegrowingdesireforadventuretourism.D.Thefearofmissingoutondisappearingsites.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contentious”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Leadingtodisagreement. B.Highlyprofitable.C.Helpingtheenvironment. D.Strictlyprohibited.9.WhatdidMarshallfindaboutfirst-timevisitorstotheGreatBarrierReef?A.Theydecidedtolearnhowtoprotectthereef.B.Theyhardlybelievedthereefwasoncehealthier.C.Theyfeltastronglossforareeftheyneversaw.D.Theyunderstoodreefproblemsbetterthanlocals.10.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.ThePopularityofLast-ChanceTourismB.TheChallengesofSavingDyingLandscapesC.CanLast-ChanceTravelInspireProtection?D.ShouldWeStopClimate-DamagingTourism?【答案】7.D8.A9.C10.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要討論了“末日旅游”現(xiàn)象及其爭(zhēng)議性。文章通過法國(guó)作家Léo和科學(xué)家NadineMarshall的研究，探討了這種旅游方式對(duì)氣候變化的影響以及它是否能激發(fā)游客的環(huán)保意識(shí)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Inrecentyears,agrowingnumberoftouristshavestartedseekingsimilarexperiencesastheyjourneytoseelandmarks,landscapesandevenentiredestinationsthatmaysoondisappearforeverbecauseofclimatechange.(近年來，越來越多的游客開始尋求類似的體驗(yàn)，他們前往參觀那些可能因氣候變化而即將永遠(yuǎn)消失的地標(biāo)、景觀甚至整個(gè)目的地。)”可知，末日旅游增長(zhǎng)的原因是游客是擔(dān)心錯(cuò)過即將消失的景觀。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段中劃線單詞后文“Researchindicatesthattheamountoffuelittakestotraveltothesedestinationscouldspeeduptheirverydecline.Ontheotherhand,advocatessaythat,doneresponsibly,itcanalsoinspiretravelerstoprotecttheveryplacestheycametosee.(研究表明，前往這些目的地所需的燃料可能會(huì)加速它們的衰退。另一方面，支持者認(rèn)為，如果負(fù)責(zé)任地進(jìn)行，這種旅行也能激勵(lì)游客保護(hù)他們前來觀賞的地方。)”可知，人們對(duì)“末日旅游”有不同的看法，由此可推知，這種被稱為“末日旅游”趁消失前看看的做法是有爭(zhēng)議的，故劃線單詞意為“有爭(zhēng)議的”，與A項(xiàng)意思一樣。故選A。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Unlikelocals,whohadseenthereefchangeovertime,first-timevisitorsweregrievingsomethingtheyhadneverseen—thereef’spreviousunbleachedstate—indicatingthatpeoplecanquicklyformastrongemotionalattachmenttoaplace,whichcanincreasethelikelihoodofclimate-friendlybehaviour.(與親眼目睹珊瑚礁隨時(shí)間變化的當(dāng)?shù)厝瞬煌?，首次到訪的游客正在為一些他們從未見過的東西感到悲痛——珊瑚礁之前未白化的狀態(tài)——這表明人們可以迅速對(duì)一個(gè)地方形成強(qiáng)烈的情感依戀，從而增加采取氣候友好行為的可能性。)”可知，馬歇爾關(guān)于首次到大堡礁的游客的發(fā)現(xiàn)是他們?yōu)槲从H眼所見的事物感到強(qiáng)烈失落。故選C。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。全文圍繞“末日旅游”的雙面性展開，既可能加速環(huán)境衰退，也可能激發(fā)保護(hù)行動(dòng)。文章通過法國(guó)作家Léo和科學(xué)家NadineMarshall的研究，探討了這種旅游方式對(duì)氣候變化的影響以及它是否能激發(fā)游客的環(huán)保意識(shí)，C項(xiàng)“末日旅游能否激發(fā)保護(hù)？”最貼合。故選C。第二節(jié)語句排序(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)11.將下列語句(A、B、C、D和E)按題號(hào)排序，構(gòu)成一個(gè)符合邏輯的完整語篇。A.Atthatmeeting,theygaveeachothersomeartworks.B.HealsoaskedZhangtoteachhimhowtodrawbamboo.C.In1956,ZhangDaqianvisitedPicassoathishomeinNice,France.D.PicassogaveZhang600worksintotal,allofwhichwerehisimitationsofChinesepaintings.E.Followingthismeeting,thetwoartistsbecamefriendsandexchangedlettersafterZhang’sreturntoChina.________→________→________→________→________【答案】①.C②.A③.D④.B⑤.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了1956年張大千拜訪畢加索的一次藝術(shù)交流經(jīng)歷：二人會(huì)面時(shí)互贈(zèng)作品，畢加索還向張大千請(qǐng)教畫竹技法，此次會(huì)面后二人結(jié)為好友并在張大千回國(guó)后保持書信往來?！驹斀狻緾句為開篇敘事起點(diǎn)：句意“1956年，張大千前往法國(guó)尼斯的家中拜訪了畢加索”明確了事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間（1956年）、人物（張大千、畢加索）和核心事件（張大千拜訪畢加索），完整交代了語篇的核心背景，是整個(gè)敘事的開端，故排在第1位。?A句承接C句的“拜訪”：句意“在那次會(huì)面中，他們互相贈(zèng)送了一些藝術(shù)品”以“Atthatmeeting”（在那次會(huì)面中）直接呼應(yīng)C句的“拜訪”事件，自然銜接開篇的會(huì)面場(chǎng)景，具體講述了會(huì)面過程中首要的互動(dòng)行為，邏輯上緊承C句，故排第2位。?D句是對(duì)A句“贈(zèng)藝術(shù)品”的補(bǔ)充：A句中“他們互相贈(zèng)送了一些藝術(shù)品”，僅泛寫了贈(zèng)禮這一行為，而D句的句意“畢加索總共送給了張大千600件作品，這些作品都是他對(duì)中國(guó)繪畫的仿作”，進(jìn)一步明確了畢加索贈(zèng)禮的數(shù)量和作品類型，是對(duì)A句核心信息的細(xì)化延伸，故排在第3位。?B句為會(huì)面中的另一互動(dòng)：句意“他（畢加索）還請(qǐng)求張大千教自己如何畫竹子”中，“also”（還）體現(xiàn)了事件的遞進(jìn)關(guān)系——在A句“互贈(zèng)藝術(shù)品”的基礎(chǔ)上，補(bǔ)充了會(huì)面時(shí)的另一重要交流內(nèi)容（請(qǐng)教畫竹技法），豐富了會(huì)面場(chǎng)景的細(xì)節(jié)，故排第4位。?E句為事件的后續(xù)發(fā)展：句意“這次會(huì)面之后，兩位藝術(shù)家成了朋友，并且在張大千回到中國(guó)后還保持著書信往來”以“Followingthismeeting”（這次會(huì)面之后）明確了時(shí)間線的推進(jìn)，講述了會(huì)面結(jié)束后的后續(xù)結(jié)果，為整個(gè)拜訪事件畫上完整句號(hào)，故排在第5位。故答案為CADBE。第三節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inlife,failureisoftenviewedassomethingtoavoidatallcosts.Itcanfeelverydiscouraging.____12____Asamotivationalspeaker,Iwanttosharewhyfailureshouldnotbefeared,becauseittrulyisthefirststeptosuccess.Firstly,failureisnottheoppositeofsuccess;it’spartofit.Toooften,wethinkfailuredragsusawayfromsuccess,wheninreality,itbringsusclosertosuccess.Thinkaboutthemostsuccessfulpeopleintheworld—athletes,artists,andscientists.____13____They’veallfacedchallenges,rejections,andfailures.Insteadofgivingup,theylearnedfromtheirexperiences,adapted,andkeptmovingforward.Andthat’sthesecondpointIwouldliketomake.____14____Whenwefail,wegetthechancetoreflectandimprove.ThinkaboutThomasEdison,whofailedoverathousandtimesbeforesuccessfullyinventingthelightbulb.____15____Theyhelpedhimadjusthisapproachand,ultimately,ledtosuccess.It’sworthnotingthatoneofthehardestthingstodoistoacceptfailurewithanopenheart.Itdoestakecouragetoacceptthatwearenotperfectandthatwewillfacemomentsofdoubt.Butthekeytosuccessisnotinavoidingfailurebutindaringtofail.Itisthiscouragetofailthatfinallysetsthosewhokeeppushingforwardapart.Eachfailurebuildsyourinnerstrengthandtoughness,whichiskeytolong-termsuccess.Remember,noonesucceedswithoutfailing.____16____Instead,useitasfueltomoveforward,learn,andgrow.Afterall,overcomingfailureisnottheend.It’sthefirststeptowardachievingsomethingtrulygreat.A.Everyfailurecarriesalesson.B.Hisfailuresweren’tjustmistakes.C.Whatdotheyallhaveincommon?D.So,don’tletfearoffailureholdyouback.E.Hetirelesslyturnedtoacademicliteratureforhelp.F.Don’tbetoohardonyourselfandeverystepcounts.G.Butwhatifit’sactuallywhereyoursuccessbegins?【答案】12.G13.C14.A15.B16.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要論述了失敗不應(yīng)被恐懼，而是成功的第一步。作者通過舉例和論證，闡述了失敗的價(jià)值和意義?！?2題詳解】前文“Inlife,failureisoftenviewedassomethingtoavoidatallcosts.Itcanfeelverydiscouraging.(在生活中，失敗常常被視為要不惜一切代價(jià)避免的事情。它可能讓人感到非常沮喪。)”提到人們通常認(rèn)為失敗是應(yīng)該不惜一切代價(jià)避免的，且會(huì)讓人感到沮喪。后文“Asamotivationalspeaker,Iwanttosharewhyfailureshouldnotbefeared,becauseittrulyisthefirststeptosuccess.(作為一名勵(lì)志演說家，我想分享為什么不應(yīng)該害怕失敗，因?yàn)樗_實(shí)是成功的第一步。)”則轉(zhuǎn)折提出失敗不應(yīng)被恐懼，而是成功的第一步。由此可知，空處應(yīng)提出一個(gè)與“失敗是消極的”相反的觀點(diǎn)。G項(xiàng)“但如果它其實(shí)是成功的起點(diǎn)呢？”符合語境，引出后文的論點(diǎn)，故選G?！?3題詳解】前文“Thinkaboutthemostsuccessfulpeopleintheworld—athletes,artists,andscientists.(想想世界上最成功的人——運(yùn)動(dòng)員、藝術(shù)家和科學(xué)家。)”列舉了世界上最成功的人，后文“They’veallfacedchallenges,rejections,andfailures.(他們都有過挑戰(zhàn)、拒絕和失敗。)”指出他們都曾面臨挑戰(zhàn)、拒絕和失敗?？仗帒?yīng)是一個(gè)承上啟下的問句，引出這些成功人士的共同點(diǎn)。C項(xiàng)“他們有什么共同點(diǎn)？”符合邏輯，故選C?！?4題詳解】前文“Andthat’sthesecondpointIwouldliketomake.(這是我想說的第二點(diǎn)。)”表明作者要提出第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，后文“Whenwefail,wegetthechancetoreflectandimprove.(當(dāng)我們失敗時(shí)，我們有機(jī)會(huì)反思和改進(jìn)。)”說明失敗讓我們有機(jī)會(huì)反思和改進(jìn)?？仗帒?yīng)點(diǎn)明失敗的意義。A項(xiàng)“每一次失敗都蘊(yùn)含教訓(xùn)”與后文的“反思和改進(jìn)”相呼應(yīng)，故選A。【15題詳解】前文“ThinkaboutThomasEdison,whofailedoverathousandtimesbeforesuccessfullyinventingthelightbulb.

(想想托馬斯·愛迪生，他在成功發(fā)明電燈泡之前失敗了一千多次。)”提到愛迪生在發(fā)明電燈前失敗了一千多次，后文“Theyhelpedhimadjusthisapproachand,ultimately,ledtosuccess.(它們幫助他調(diào)整了方法，最終取得了成功。)”指出這些失敗幫助他調(diào)整方法并最終成功?？仗帒?yīng)說明失敗的作用。B項(xiàng)“他的失敗不僅僅是錯(cuò)誤”與后文“幫助調(diào)整方法”形成邏輯銜接，強(qiáng)調(diào)失敗的積極意義，故選B。【16題詳解】前文“Remember,noonesucceedswithoutfailing.(記住，沒有人不失敗就能成功)”指出沒有人能不失敗就成功，即指出失敗的作用，后文“Instead,useitasfueltomoveforward,learn,andgrow.(相反，把它作為前進(jìn)、學(xué)習(xí)和成長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)力。)”建議將失敗作為前進(jìn)的動(dòng)力?？仗帒?yīng)是一個(gè)鼓勵(lì)性的總結(jié)句，指出要勇敢面對(duì)失敗。D項(xiàng)“所以，別讓對(duì)失敗的恐懼阻礙你”符合語境，與前文形成呼應(yīng)，故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分25分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑?！癢hat’swrong?”Maasked.Busyingherselfinthekitchen,Ma____17____thatinsteadofspendingtheafternoonoutsidelikeIusuallydid,Iwaswanderingaroundthehouselooking____18____.Ihadjustpassedthefifthgrade,andsummervacationhadjustbegun.Ihadtalkedmybrotherintostartinganinvestigation(偵查)____19____withme.Wecalledourselves“TheTwoInvestigators”,buttheonly____20____was,wehadnocasestosolve.Iexplainedthistomymotherandthenasked,“Wouldyouliketohireusforacase?”“Hum,letmethinkaboutit,”shesaid.Iknewwhatadultsreallymeantby“I’llthinkaboutit”—it’sjustapolite“no”.Alittle____21____,Ileft.AfewminuteslaterIheardmynamebeingcalledsoIheadedbacktothe____22____.“Ialmostforgot,”shebegan.“ThismorningwhenIgotbackfromtown,Ilookedinmypurseandallmychangewas____23____.ThenIrememberedthatafterIparkedthecar,Ihad____24____whenIwaswalkingfromthegaragetothehouseanddroppedmypurse.Ilookedbutcouldn’tfindwhere.”“Agoodinvestigatorcould____25____myfootstepsandpossiblyfindwhatIlost,”shesaid.I_____26_____wenttothestairsandcalleduptomybrother,“Brian,wehaveajob!”andoutthedoorwewent.Thiswasnoeasy_____27_____.Backthen,eventhoughwedidourlawn(草坪),thegrassinthecountrysidegrew_____28_____andwild.Ittookusmostoftheafternoon,butwe_____29_____awholehandfulofchange.Ourpaymentwas10%ofwhatwefound.Itwasaperfectfirstcaseforourcompany.WhatInever_____30_____untilyearslaterwasthatwhenIleftthekitchenthefirsttime,Mahadtakenahandfulofcoinsoutofherpurse,walkedtothedoor,anddroppedthemintotheyard_____31_____.17.A.noticed B.expected C.demanded D.recalled18.A.curious B.bored C.pleased D.ambitious19.A.competition B.discussion C.business D.lesson20.A.difference B.hope C.chance D.problem21.A.upset B.nervous C.ashamed D.interested22.A.target B.scene C.neighborhood D.kitchen23.A.messy B.stolen C.gone D.safe24.A.stopped B.tripped C.checked D.moved25.A.remove B.follow C.collect D.compare26.A.immediately B.carefully C.suddenly D.secretly27.A.test B.answer C.task D.trick28.A.soft B.fresh C.thick D.dry29.A.gaveaway B.cameupwith C.setaside D.tookchargeof30.A.realized B.admitted C.believed D.explained31.A.bychance B.atwill C.inperson D.onpurpose【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.D21.A22.D23.C24.B25.B26.A27.C28.C29.B30.A31.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和哥哥成立偵探公司卻無案可辦，媽媽假裝丟零錢讓他們調(diào)查，多年后作者才意識(shí)到這是媽媽故意安排的，給了他們一個(gè)完美的首次辦案經(jīng)歷?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：媽媽在廚房里忙著，她注意到我沒有像往常一樣在下午去外面玩，而是在房子里四處閑逛，看起來很無聊。A.noticed注意到；B.expected期待；C.demanded要求；D.recalled回憶。根據(jù)后文“insteadofspendingtheafternoonoutsidelikeIusuallydid,Iwaswanderingaroundthehouselooking____2____”可知，媽媽看到“我”的行為和平時(shí)不同，所以是“注意到”了，故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.curious好奇的；B.bored無聊的；C.pleased高興的；D.ambitious有抱負(fù)的。根據(jù)前文“insteadofspendingtheafternoonoutsidelikeIusuallydid,Iwaswanderingaroundthehouse”可知，“我”沒有像往常一樣出去玩，而是在房子里閑逛，說明“我”很無聊，故選B項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我說服了我哥哥和我一起開一家偵探公司。A.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；B.discussion討論；C.business生意，公司；D.lesson課程。根據(jù)后文“Wecalledourselves‘TheTwoInvestigators’”和“Wouldyouliketohireusforacase?(您是否愿意聘請(qǐng)我們來處理某個(gè)案子呢？)”可知，“我們”自稱“兩個(gè)偵探”，所以是開了一家偵探“公司”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們稱自己為“兩個(gè)偵探”，但唯一的問題是，我們沒有案件要解決。A.difference不同；B.hope希望；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.problem問題。根據(jù)后文“wehadnocasestosolve”可知，沒有案件要解決是“我們”面臨的一個(gè)“問題”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我有點(diǎn)沮喪，離開了。A.upset沮喪的；B.nervous緊張的；C.ashamed羞愧的；D.interested感興趣的。根據(jù)前文“Iknewwhatadultsreallymeantby‘I’llthinkaboutit’—it’sjustapolite‘no’”可知，“我”知道媽媽只是禮貌地拒絕，所以“我”感到“沮喪”，故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾分鐘后，我聽到有人叫我的名字，所以我回到了廚房。A.target目標(biāo)；B.scene場(chǎng)景；C.neighborhood鄰居；D.kitchen廚房。根據(jù)前文“Busyingherselfinthekitchen”可知，媽媽一開始在廚房，“我”第一次離開的地方也是廚房，所以現(xiàn)在“我”回到了“廚房”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：今天早上我從城里回來的時(shí)候，我看了看錢包，我所有的零錢都不見了。A.messy雜亂的；B.stolen被偷的；C.gone不見了的；D.safe安全的。根據(jù)后文“Ilookedbutcouldn’tfindwhere”可知，媽媽找不到零錢了，說明零錢“不見了”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我想起，停好車后，我從車庫(kù)走到房子的時(shí)候絆倒了，錢包掉了。A.stopped停止；B.tripped絆倒；C.checked檢查；D.moved移動(dòng)。根據(jù)后文“whenIwaswalkingfromthegaragetothehouseanddroppedmypurse”可知，當(dāng)媽媽從車庫(kù)走到房子的時(shí)候，掉了錢包，所以是“絆倒”了，故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)好的偵探可以跟著我的腳步，可能會(huì)找到我丟的東西。A.remove移除；B.follow跟隨；C.collect收集；D.compare比較。根據(jù)后文“myfootstepsandpossiblyfindwhatIlost”可知，要找到丟的東西，需要“跟隨”腳步，故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我立刻跑到樓梯口，對(duì)我哥哥喊道：“布萊恩，我們有工作了！”然后我們就出門了。A.immediately立刻；B.carefully仔細(xì)地；C.suddenly突然地；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)后文“outthedoorwewent”可知，“我們”立刻出門了，說明“我”是“立刻”跑去告訴哥哥的，故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這不是一件容易任務(wù)。A.test測(cè)試；B.answer答案；C.task任務(wù)；D.trick詭計(jì)。根據(jù)后文“Ittookusmostoftheafternoon”可知，“我們”花了大部分下午的時(shí)間，說明這不是一件容易的“任務(wù)”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那時(shí)候，盡管我們修剪了草坪，但鄉(xiāng)下野草叢生。A.soft柔軟的；B.fresh新鮮的；C.thick茂密的；D.dry干燥的。根據(jù)后文“wild”可知野草叢生，說明草很“茂密”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我們花了整個(gè)下午的時(shí)間，但還是找到了一把零錢。A.gaveaway贈(zèng)送；B.cameupwith找到，想出；C.setaside留出；D.tookchargeof負(fù)責(zé)。根據(jù)后文“awholehandfulofchange.”以及“Ourpaymentwas10%ofwhatwefound”可知，“我們”找到了零錢，所以得到了報(bào)酬，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：直到多年后，我才意識(shí)到，當(dāng)我第一次離開廚房時(shí)，媽媽從錢包里拿出一把硬幣，走到門口，故意把它們?nèi)拥皆鹤永?。A.realized意識(shí)到；B.admitted承認(rèn)；C.believed相信；D.explained解釋。根據(jù)后文“untilyearslater”可知，“我”是多年后才“意識(shí)到”這件事的，故選A項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：同上。A.bychance偶然；B.atwill任意；C.inperson親自；D.onpurpose故意地。根據(jù)前文“Mahadtakenahandfulofcoinsoutofherpurse,walkedtothedoor,anddroppedthemintotheyard”可知，媽媽是“故意”把硬幣扔到院子里的，好讓“我們”有案件可查，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheYuanyangHaniTerraces(梯田)inYunnanprovincewererecentlyaddedtothe2025WorldHeritageIrrigationStructureslist.Thismountainfarmingirrigation(灌溉)systemhasbeenusedforover1,300years.It____32____(clear)showstheChinesewisdomof“harmoniouscoexistencebetweenhumansandnature”.Theterraces____33____(build)asearlyastheTangDynasty.Localscarvedtheterracesalongthemountain,passingdowntheiragriculturalpracticesthroughgenerations.Today,305waterwaysrunacrossthearea.Thankstothesewaterways,theterracesintegratewiththesurroundingforests,watersystemsandvillages,____34____(create)aharmoniousecosystem.Localshighlyvaluethemountainforests,where____35____(tree)areprohibitedfrombeingcutdownfornoreason.MaYoude,avillager,explainsthecommunity’sdeeprespect____36____nature:“Ifanyoneneedswood,itmustbeapprovedbythevillage,andatreemustbereplacedimmediatelyoncecut.”Inrecentyears,theecologicaland____37____(culture)valueoftheHaniTerraces____38____(gain)globalrecognition.Youngpeople____39____grewupneartheterraceshavereturnedtotheirhometownsandfoundnewways____40____(protect)it.“Isharethelandscapesandourvillagers’dailylivesthroughsocialmediawiththeworld,”saidGaoHua,____41____Generation-Ztourguide.【答案】32.clearly33.werebuilt34.creating35.trees36.for37cultural38.hasgained39.who##that40.toprotect41.a【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹云南元陽哈尼梯田入選2025年世界灌溉工程遺產(chǎn)，講述其歷史、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)及傳承保護(hù)情況?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意：它清晰地展現(xiàn)了“人與自然和諧共生”的中國(guó)智慧。clear為形容詞，此處修飾動(dòng)詞shows，需用副詞clearly（清晰地）作狀語。故填clearly?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：這些梯田早在唐代就已建成。build意為“建造”，主語Theterraces與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語asearlyastheTangDynasty可知，用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語為復(fù)數(shù)，結(jié)構(gòu)為“were+過去分詞”。故填werebuilt。【34題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：得益于這些水道，梯田與周邊的森林、水系和村莊融為一體，形成了和諧的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。create為動(dòng)詞，此處作結(jié)果狀語，邏輯主語theterracesintegratewith...villages與create之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞creating。故填creating?！?5題詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：當(dāng)?shù)厝朔浅Ｕ湟暽搅郑篃o故砍伐樹木。tree為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指“樹木”，需用復(fù)數(shù)形式trees作主語。故填trees。【36題詳解】考查介詞。句意：村民馬有德解釋了社區(qū)對(duì)自然的深切尊重：“如果有人需要木材，必須經(jīng)過村里批準(zhǔn)，而且砍一棵樹必須立即補(bǔ)種一棵?！贝颂帪楣潭ù钆鋜espectfor，意為“對(duì)……的尊重”，所以用介詞for。故填for?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：近年來，哈尼梯田的生態(tài)和文化價(jià)值獲得了全球認(rèn)可。culture為名詞，此處與ecological并列修飾名詞value，需用形容詞cultural（文化的）。故填cultural。【38題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：近年來，哈尼梯田生態(tài)和文化價(jià)值獲得了全球認(rèn)可。gain為謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語Inrecentyears可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“have/has+過去分詞”，主語theecologicalandculturalvalue為單數(shù)概念，所以用hasgained。故填hasgained?！?9題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：在梯田附近長(zhǎng)大的年輕人回到了家鄉(xiāng)，找到了保護(hù)它的新方法。此處為定語從句修飾先行詞Youngpeople，先行詞指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞who或that。故填who/that?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在梯田附近長(zhǎng)大的年輕人回到了家鄉(xiāng)，找到了保護(hù)它的新方法。protect為動(dòng)詞，此處作后置定語修飾名詞ways，用動(dòng)詞不定式toprotect，“waystodosth.”意為“做某事的方法”。故填toprotect?！?1題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：“我通過社交媒體向世界分享這里的風(fēng)景和村民的日常生活，”一位Z世代導(dǎo)游高華說。Generation-Ztourguide為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，空前無限定詞，此處表示泛指“一位Z世代導(dǎo)游”，且Generation-Z是以輔音音素開頭的單詞，用不定冠詞a。故填a。第四部分知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)(共四節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)詞匯中英匹配(共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分)把下面5個(gè)中文詞語與英文單詞匹配，有兩個(gè)多余選項(xiàng)。____42____行為，舉止____43____較量，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)____44____樂隊(duì)，樂團(tuán)____45____平衡____46____樹枝A.battleB.bandC.batteryD.balanceE.buttonF.behaviorGbranch【答案】42.F