法學(xué)英文考試題及答案

MultipleChoiceQuestions(10questions,2pointseach)

1.Whichistheprimarysourceofcommonlaw?

A.Statutes

B.Judicialprecedents

C.Administrativeregulations

D.Constitutionalamendments

2.Thelegalprinciple"staredecisis"refersto:

A.Breakingnewlegalground

B.Followingbindingprecedents

C.Overrulinglowercourtdecisions

D.Interpretingstatutesstrictly

3.Whichisanessentialelementofavalidcontract?

A.Writtenform

B.Witnesspresence

C.Consideration

D.Governmentapproval

4.Theterm"mensrea"incriminallawmeans:

A.Guiltyact

B.Guiltymind

C.Criminalnegligence

D.Strictliability

5.Whichtortinvolvesintentionalinterferencewithanother’sperson?

A.Negligence

B.Battery

C.Defamation

D.Nuisance

6.Incivillawsystems,themainsourceoflawis:

A.Judicialdecisions

B.Codifiedstatutes

C.Customarylaw

D.Caselaw

7.Therighttoremainsilentisprotectedunderwhichprinciple?

A.Dueprocess

B.Doublejeopardy

C.Equalprotection

D.Privilegeagainstself-incrimination

8.Whichisavoidablecontract?

A.Contractwithaminor

B.Contractforillegalpurpose

C.Contractwithoutoffer

D.Contractwithoutacceptance

9.A"tort"isbestdefinedas:

A.Acriminaloffense

B.Abreachofcontract

C.Acivilwrongcausingharm

D.Aviolationofconstitutionallaw

10.WhichcourthasfinalauthoritytointerprettheU.S.Constitution?

A.U.S.CourtofAppeals

B.U.S.SupremeCourt

C.StateSupremeCourt

D.U.S.DistrictCourt

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MultipleSelectQuestions(10questions,2pointseach;selectallcorrectanswers)

1.Whichofthefollowingareintentionaltorts?

A.Battery

B.Negligence

C.Assault

D.Defamation

2.Validdefensestobreachofcontractinclude:

A.Duress

B.Fraud

C.Mistakeofmaterialfact

D.Lackofcapacity

3.Keydifferencesbetweencommonlawandcivillawsystemsinclude:

A.Sourceofprimarylaw

B.Roleofjudicialprecedents

C.Useofjurytrialsincivilcases

D.Structureofcourtsystems

4.TheU.S.Mirandawarningincludeswhichrights?

A.Righttoanattorney

B.Righttoremainsilent

C.Righttoajurytrial

D.Righttoconfrontwitnesses

5.Elementsofnegligenceinclude:

A.Dutyofcare

B.Breachofduty

C.Causation

D.Damages

6.Whichcrimesrequireproofofmensrea?

A.Murder

B.Manslaughter

C.Strictliabilityoffenses

D.Theft

7.Formsofalternativedisputeresolution(ADR)include:

A.Mediation

B.Arbitration

C.Litigation

D.Negotiation

8.FundamentalrightsundertheU.S.FirstAmendmentinclude:

A.Freedomofspeech

B.Righttobeararms

C.Freedomofreligion

D.Righttoprivacy

9.Avalidcontractrequires:

A.Offer

B.Acceptance

C.Consideration

D.Writtendocumentation

10.Civilcasesmayresultinwhichremedies?

A.Monetarydamages

B.Injunctions

C.Imprisonment

D.Probation

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True/FalseQuestions(10questions,2pointseach)

1.Commonlawisprimarilycreatedbylegislativestatutes.

2.Staredecisisisacoreprincipleofcivillawsystems.

3.Considerationisarequiredelementforavalidcontract.

4.Atortisatypeofcriminalwrong.

5.TheMirandawarningmustbegivenbeforeanypoliceinterrogation.

6.Civillawsystemsrelyheavilyoncodifiedlaws.

7.Doublejeopardyprohibitsapersonfrombeingtriedtwiceforthesamecriminaloffense.

8.Acontractwithaminorisalwaysvoid.

9.Negligenceisanintentionalcivilwrong.

10.TheU.S.SupremeCourtcanstrikedownfederalstatutesthatviolatetheConstitution.

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ShortAnswerQuestions(4questions,5pointseach)

1.Whatisthedefinitionof"consideration"incontractlaw?

2.Explainthecorepurposeoftortlaw.

3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenavoidandavoidablecontract?

4.Define"dueprocessoflaw"insimpleterms.

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DiscussionQuestions(4questions,5pointseach)

1.Discusstheroleofstaredecisisinpromotinglegalstability.

2.Comparetheburdenofproofincivilandcriminalcases.

3.Explainwhyalternativedisputeresolution(ADR)isoftenpreferredoverlitigation.

4.Discussthedifferencebetweenintentionaltortsandnegligence.

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Answers

MultipleChoiceQuestions

1.B

2.B

3.C

4.B

5.B

6.B

7.D

8.A

9.C

10.B

MultipleSelectQuestions

1.A,C,D

2.A,B,C,D

3.A,B,C,D

4.A,B

5.A,B,C,D

6.A,B,D

7.A,B,D

8.A,C

9.A,B,C

10.A,B

True/FalseQuestions

1.False

2.False

3.True

4.False

5.True

6.True

7.True

8.False

9.False

10.True

ShortAnswerQuestions

1.Itissomethingofvalue(money,services,apromisetoact/refrainfromacting)exchangedbetweencontractparties,whichmakestheagreementlegallyenforceable.

2.Tocompensateindividualsharmedbyothers’wrongfulacts,deterfuturemisconduct,andrestoretheinjuredpartytotheirpre-harmposition.

3.Avoidcontractisunenforceablefromthestart(e.g.,forillegalpurposes);avoidablecontractisvalidbutcanbecanceledbyoneparty(e.g.,minor’scontracts)beforeratification.

4.Aprinciplerequiringfair,unbiasedlegalproceduresinallgovernmentactions,ensuringnooneisdeprivedoflife,liberty,orpropertywithoutproperlegalsteps.

DiscussionQuestions

1.Staredecisisbindscourtstofollowpriorprecedents,creatingpredictable,consistentoutcomes.Thisletsindividualsandbusinessesplanconductconfidently,reducinguncertaintyandbuildingtrustinthelegalsystem.

2.Civilcasesusea"preponderanceoftheevidence