第1題Aforceactingonarigidbodycanmovetoanypositionontherigidbodyalongitslineofactionanddoesnotchangetheeffectoftheforceontherigidbody;thisphenomenoncharacterizes().AMobilityofforce;BTransmissibilityofforce;CEquivalenceofforce;DMoveabilityofforce;第2題Thethreeelementsofforceare().AMagnitude;BSteering;CDirection;DActionpoint;EActionsurface;正確答案：ACD第3題Forcesystemscanbeclassifiedas()accordingtothedistributionlawsandcharacteristicsoftheforces.APlaneconvergence;BPlaneparallelism;CPlanearbitrary;DPlaneperpendicular;EPlaneorthogonal;正確答案：ABC第4題Thebasicaxiomsofstaticsare().AAxiomofactionandreactionforces;BAxiomoftwo-forceequilibrium;CAxiomofparallelogramofforces;DAxiomofthetriangleofforces;EAxiomoftheadditiveandsubtractiveequilibriumforcesystem;正確答案：ABCE第5題Thethreeelementsoftorqueare().AMagnitude;BSteering;CDirection;DActionpoint;EActionsurface;正確答案：ABE第6題Thethreeelementsofforcecoupleare().AMagnitude;BSteering;CDirection;DActionpoint;EActionsurface;正確答案：ABE第7題Forcesactingonanobjectproducedeformationandmotioneffects.()第8題Thedifferencebetweentheaxiomofactionandreactionforcesandtheaxiomoftwo-forceequilibriumisthedifferenceinthenumberofobjects.()第9題Theaxiomoftwo-forceequilibriumappliesnotonlytorigidbodies,butalsotodeformedbodies.()第10題Thetransmissibilityofforcesappliesonlytorigidbodies.()第11題Theprojectionoftheresultantforceonanycoordinateaxisisequaltothealgebraicsumoftheprojectionsofthecomponentforcesonthesamecoordinateaxis.()第12題Theeffectofforceactingonthemotionofanobjectcanbedividedintothemovementeffectandtherotationeffect.()第13題Thephysicalquantitythatmeasurestheeffectofaforcetorotateanobjectaroundapointistheforcecouple.()第14題Themomentoftheresultantforcetothepointisequaltothealgebraicsumofthemomentsofthecomponentforcestothepoint.()第15題Aforcesystemconsistingoftwoforcesofequalmagnitudeandoppositedirection,actingparallelandnotco-linear,iscalledaforcecouple.()第16題Thepositiveandnegativesignsforbothtorqueandforcecouplearespecifiedaspositiveforinverseandnegativeforforward.()第17題Themagnitudeofthemomentdependsonthemagnitudeoftheforce,notontheforcearm.()第18題Theprojectionoftheforcecoupleonanycoordinateaxisisequaltozero.()第19題Themomentoftheforcecoupletothepointisconstantlyequaltothemomentofitsownforcecouple,independentofthepositionofthemomentcenter.()第20題Themagnitudeoftheforceintheforcecoupleandthelengthoftheforcecouplearmcanbechangedarbitrarilywithoutchangingtheeffectoftheforcecoupleontheobject,aslongasthemagnitudeandsteeringoftheforcecouplemomentarenotchanged.()第1題Thesufficientconditionsfortheequilibriumoftheplaneconfluentforcesystemare:Σx=0andΣy=0.()第2題Thesufficientconditionsfortheequilibriumoftheplaneforcecouplesystemare:Σm=0.()第3題Thesufficientconditionfortheequilibriumofanarbitraryforcesystemintheplaneisthattheprincipalvectorisequaltozeroortheprincipalmomentisequaltozero.()第4題Theforceactingonarigidbodycanbetranslatedtoanypositionoftherigidbody,butaforcecouplemustbeattachedwhosemomentisequaltothemomentoftheoriginalforceonthenewpointofaction.()第5題Inthesystemofobjects,thepartthatcanindependentlymaintainitsownstabilityiscalledtheaccessorypart.()第6題Inasystemofobjects,thepartthatcanonlyrelyonthebasicparttoremainstableiscalledtheaccessorypart.()第7題Inthecalculationofthereactionforceofasystemofobjects,theprincipleofcalculatingthesubsidiaryfirstandthenthebasicmustbefollowed.()task：BasicKnowledgeofMaterialMechanics第1題Inthecross-sectionofarod,thestressdistributedperpendiculartothecross-sectioniscalled().ANegativestressBPositivestressCShearstressDBendingstress第2題Inthecross-sectionofarod,thestressdistributedparalleltothecross-sectioniscalled().ANegativestressBPositivestressCShearstressDBendingstress第3題Thebasicmethodforcalculatingtheinternalforceofarodis().AJointsmethodBCross-sectionalmethodCEquationmethodDDifferentialmethod第4題Whenarodisdeformedinaxialtensionorcompression,themaininternalforcegeneratedbytherodis().AAxialforceBShearforceCBendingmomentDTorque第5題Whenarodisdeformedinpurebending,themaininternalforcegeneratedbytherodis().AAxialforceBShearforceCBendingmomentDTorque第6題Whentherodissubjectedtotwoloadsofequalmagnitude,oppositedirectionandinfinitelyclosetothedirectionoftherodaxis,themaininternalforcegeneratedbytherodis().AAxialforceBShearforceCBendingmomentDTorque第7題Whentherodissubjectedtoaforcecoupleofequalmagnitude,oppositedirectionandintheplaneperpendiculartotherodaxis,themaininternalforcegeneratedbytherodis().AAxialforceBShearforceCBendingmomentDTorque第8題Thebasicassumptionsfordeformedsolidsare().AContinuousuniformityBContinuousnon-uniformityCIsotropicDAnisotropicEMicrodeformation正確答案：ACE第9題Thebasicformsofroddeformationare().AAxialtensilecompressionBShearCTorsionDBendingECreep正確答案：ABCD第10題Thebasictypesofinternalforcesinrodmembersare().AAxialforceBShearforceCMomentDBendingmomentETorque正確答案：ABDE第11題Forthetensileandcompressivedeformationoftherod,theaxialforcethatmakesthememberproducetensiledeformationispositive,andviceversaisnegative.()第12題Forthesheardeformationoftherod,theshearforcethatmakesthememberproducecounterclockwiserotationispositive,andviceversaisnegative.()第13題Forthebendingdeformationoftherod,thebendingmomentthatmakesthememberproducedownconvexdeformationispositive,andviceversaisnegative.()第14題Fortorsionallydeformedrods,thetorquethatmakesthevectorpoint(right-handspiral)inthesamedirectionastheouternormalofthecross-sectionispositive,andviceversaisnegative.()task：AxialTensionandCompression第1題Whichofthefollowingmaterialsisaplasticmaterial?()AConcrete;BCastiron;CMildsteel;DStone.第2題Whichofthefollowingmaterialsisabrittlematerial?()ACopper;BCastiron;CAluminum;DSteel;第3題Thelimitingstressusuallyusedinthedesignofplasticmaterialsis().AProportionallimit;BElasticlimit;CYieldlimit;DStrengthlimit;第4題Theultimatestressusuallyusedinthedesignofbrittlematerialsis().AProportionallimit;BElasticlimit;CYieldlimit;DStrengthlimit;第5題Thestagesthatmildsteelundergoesduringtensiletestingare().AProportionalphase;BElasticphase;CYieldphase;DReinforcementphase;ENeckingphase;正確答案：BCDE第6題Theengineeringproblemssolvedbythepositivestressstrengthconditionsofaxialtensionandcompressionrodsare().AStrengthcheck;BStiffnesscheck;CSectiondesign;DDeterminationofallowablestress;EDeterminationofallowableload;正確答案：ACE第7題Theplasticityindexofthematerialmainlyincludes().AElongation;BShortening;CSectionshrinkage;DSectionexpansion;ESectionelongation;正確答案：AC第8題Forcantileverbeams,itisnotnecessarytocalculatethesupportreactionforcebeforefindingtheinternalforce.()第9題Thepositivestressinthecross-sectionofarodisequaltotheratiooftheaxialforcetothecross-sectionalarea.()第10題Plasticmaterialsrequiremoresafetyreservesinusethanbrittlematerials.()第11題TheconstantsreflectingtheelasticpropertiesofthematerialarePoisson'sratioandelasticitymodulus.()task：PlaneBending第1題ForasimplysupportedbeamwithafullspanbearingauniformloadqspanofL,themaximummomentinthespanis().ABCD第2題ForasimplysupportedbeamofspanLsubjectedtoaconcentratedforceFatadistanceofameterfromsupportAandbmeterfromsupportB,themaximummomentinthebeamis().ABCD第3題Themaximumshearstressinthecrosssectionofarectangularsectionbeamis()timestheaverageshearstressofthesection.A1.0B1.5C2.0D2.5第4題Themaininternalforcesoftheplanebendingbeambodyare().AAxialforceBShearforceCMomentDBendingmomentETorque正確答案：BD第5題Thebasicformsofstaticbeamsare().ASimplysupportedbeamBCantileverbeamCExtendingbeamDBendingbeamECurvedarchbeam正確答案：ABC第6題Theengineeringproblemssolvedbythepositivestressstrengthconditionsofplanebendingbeamare().AStrengthcheckBStiffnesscheckCSectiondesignDDeterminationofallowablestressEDeterminationofallowableload正確答案：ACE第7題Measurestoimprovethebendingstrengthofbeamsare().AReductionofmaximumbendingmomentBReductionofmaximumshearforceCSelectionofreasonablecross-sectionsDUseofvariable-sectionbeamsEUseofequal-sectionbeams正確答案：ACD第8題Measurestoimprovethebendingstiffnessofbeamsare().AIncreasingtheflexuralstiffnessBReducingthespanofthebeamCReducingthemaximumbendingmomentDReducingthemaximumshearforceEincreasingthenumberofbearings正確答案：ABCD第9題Thesuperpositionmethodofplanebendingismainlyapplicabletothecalculationofbendingmoment.()第10題Onthebeamsectionwithoutloadaction,thesheardiagramisadiagonalstraightlineandthebendingmomentdiagramisahorizontalline.()第11題Theshearforcediagramishorizontalandthebendingmomentdiagramisquadraticparaboliconthebeamsegmentwithuniformload.()第12題Onthebeamsectionwithuniformload,thereareextremevaluesofbendingmomentatthesectionwheretheshearforceiszero.()第13題Onthebeamsectionwithconcentratedloads,thebendingmomentdiagramisunaffectedandthesheardiagramhasabruptchanges,thevalueofwhichisequaltothemagnitudeoftheconcentratedforce.()第14題Onthebeamsectionwithforcecoupleaction,thesheardiagramisunaffectedandthebendingmomentdiagramhasabruptchanges,thevalueofwhichisequaltothemagnitudeoftheforcecouplemoment.()第15題Indrawingthemomentdiagram,theessenceofthesuperpositionmethodisthegeometriccollocationofthemomentdiagramgeneratedbyeachload.()第16題Apurebendingbeamreferstoabeamwithonlybendingmomentsandnoshearforcesineachcrosssectionofthebeamsection.()task：CombinedDeformation第1題Inthecalculationofthemaximumtensilestressinanysectionofanobliquelybentbeam,itisnecessarytoconsidernotonlythebendingmomentproducedinthesectionbythecomponentforceoftheobliqueforceintheverticalaxis,butalsothebendingmomentproducedinthesectionbythecomponentforceoftheobliqueforceinthehorizontalaxis.()第2題Inthecalculationofthemaximumcompressivestressinanysectionofaneccentricallycompressedrod,theconcentratedforceneedstobetranslatedtotherodaxis,atwhichtimenotonlythepositivestressproducedbytheforceonthesection,butalsothepositivestressproducedbytheforcecoupleinthecenteroftheoriginalmostsectiononthesectionneedstobeconsidered.()第3題Thecross-sectionalcoreisaregionofthecross-sectionofatensileorcompressiverodthatappearsinthesamestateoftensionorcompressionunderaneccentricload.()第4題Forafullysymmetricalrodsection,thecoreofthesectionisusuallyinaregionthatspreadstoacertainextentcenteredonthesection'sformcenter.()task：StabilityofthePressureLever第1題Foraslendercompressionrodhingedatbothends,thecriticalloadcalculationformulais().ABCD第2題Foroneendfixed,oneendfreeslendercompressionrod,thecriticalloadcalculationformulais().ABCD第3題Foroneendfixed,oneendhingedslendercompressionrod,thecriticalloadcalculationformulais().ABCD第4題Foraslendercompressionrodfixedatbothends,thecriticalloadcalculationformulais().ABCD第5題TheEuler'scriticalstressformulaforaslendercompressionrodis().ABCD第6題Forthemediumflexibilitycompressionrod,thecriticalstressempiricalformulais().ABCD第7題Formetalcompressionrods,thestabilitysafetyfactorisgenerallytakenas().A1.5-3.0B1.6-3.0C1.7-3.0D1.8-3.0第8題Thebasicmethodforcalculatingthepressurebarstabilityare().AReductionfactormethodBSafetyfactormethodCIterativemethodDInterpolationmethodETrialmethod正確答案：AB第9題Measurestoimprovethestabilityofthecompressionrodare().AReducingthelengthofthecompressionrodBSelectingareasonablesectionCStrengtheningtherodendrestraintDrationalselectionofmaterialsEincreasingthecriticalload正確答案：ABCD第10題Theessenceofpressrodstabilityistheabilityofthepressurelevertomaintainitsoriginallinearequilibriumstate.()第11題Thepressurelevercanbebalancedinastraightstate,andwhendisturbed,itcanbebalancedinaslightlybentstate.Thisstateiscalledthecriticalstateofthepressurelever.()第12題Whetherthepressureleverisdestabilizedornotdependsmainlyonwhetherthepressurereachesthemaximumloadvalue.()第13題Thestrongerthesupportattheendsoftheslenderpressurelever,thesmallerthelengthfactorwillbe.()第14題Thecriticalstressofaslenderpressureleverisproportionaltothesquareoftheflexibility,andthegreatertheflexibility,thegreaterthecriticalstress.()第15題TheEuler'scriticalstressformulaisapplicabletothecasewherethecriticalstressofthepressureleverdoesnotexceedtheelasticlimitofthematerial.()task：BasicKnowledgeofStructuralMechanics第1題Thenumberofrestrainedreactionsoffixedhingesupportsis().A1B2C3D4第2題Thenumberofrestrainedreactionsofmovablehingesupportis().A1B2C3D4第3題Thenumberofrestrainedreactionsoffixedendsupportsis().A1B2C3D4第4題Thenumberofrestrainedreactionsofdirectionalhingesupportis().A1B2C3D4第5題Thenumberofconstraintsforthehingejointis().A1B2C3D4第6題Thenumberofconstraintsfortherigidjointis().A1B2C3D4第7題Therodsystemstructurethatgenerateshorizontalthrustfromthesupportwhensubjectedtoverticalloadis().ABeamBArchCRigidframeDTruss第8題Intheplane,thenumberofdegreesoffreedomofpointis().A1B2C3D4第9題Intheplane,thenumberofdegreesoffreedomofrigidsheetis().A1B2C3D4第10題Intherestraintdevice,onechainlinkisequivalentto()restraints.A1B2C3D4第11題Inarestraintdevice,thehingelinkingtworigidsheetsiscalled().ALinkconstraintBSinglehingeconstraintCCompoundhingeconstraintDImaginaryhingeconstraint第12題Inarestraintdevice,ahingelinkingthreeormorerigidsheetsiscalled().ALinkconstraintBSinglehingeconstraintCCompoundhingeconstraintDImaginaryhingeconstraint第13題Iftherearetwofixedendbearingsateachendofasingle-spansimplysupportedbeam,thenumberoftimesthesimplysupportedbeamissuper-stationaryis().A1B2C3D4第14題Inthemechanicalsketch,thesimplificationsare().AStructureBJointsCSupportsDLoadsEProperties正確答案：ABCD第15題Thebasictypesofplanerodsystemsare().ABeamBArchCRigidframeDTrussETimberframe正確答案：ABCD第16題Intherealengineeringconstructionprocess,theconnectionformsthatcanbeconsideredasrigidjointsare().AReinforcingsteeltyingBComponentweldingCStructuralcastingDBoltedconnectingEPinningconnecting正確答案：BCD第17題Thebasictypesofjointsarehingejointsandrigidjoints.()第18題Thefixedendsupportistorestricttheobjectfrommovinghorizontallyandvertically,butnottorestricttheobjectfromrotating.()第19題Iftworigidsheetsareconnectedbyalinkthatintersectsanimaginaryhinge,thetwosheetswillrotaterelativetoeachotheraroundtheimaginaryhingeundertheactionofexternalforces.()第20題Ifthetworigidsheetsareconnectedbythreelinksthatarenotexactlyparallelnorexactlyintersectingatonepoint,thestructureformedisageometricallyinvariantsystem.()第21題Ifthetworigidsheetsareconnectedbythreelinksintersectingatarealpoint,thestructureformedisageometricallytransientsystem.()第22題Ifthetworigidsheetsareconnectedbythreelinksintersectingatanimaginarypoint,thestructureformedisageometricallytransientsystem.()第23題Ifthetworigidsheetsareconnectedbythreeparallelandequal-lengthlinks,thestructureformedisageometricallytransientsystem.()第24題Ifthetworigidsheetsareconnectedbythreeparallelandunequallinks,thestructureformedisageometricallytransientsystem.()第25題Ifthethreerigidsheetsareconnectedbythreehingesthatarenotco-linear,thestructureformedisageometricallyinvariantsystem.()第26題Ifthethreerigidsheetsareconnectedbythreeco-linearhinges,thestructureformedisageometricallyconstantsystem.()第27題Onlygeometricallyinvariantsystemscanbeusedinengineering.()task：InternalForceCalculationofStaticallyDeterminateStructure第1題Themaininternalforcesofthetrussare().AAxialforceBShearforceCBendingmomentDTorque第2題Theconnectionformofthetrussmembernodesis().AHingepointBRigidpointCRigidhingepointDCombinednode第3題Commonstaticallydeterminatestructuresare().AMulti-spanstaticallydeterminatebeamBArchCRigidframeDTrussECombinedstructure正確答案：ABCDE第4題Thereare()methodsforcalculatingtheinternalforcesoftrusses.ANodemethodBSectionmethodCRoutemethodDDifferentiationmethodEInternalandexternalmethod正確答案：AB第5題Thethree-hingedarchisastaticallydeterminatestructure.()第6題Thetwo-hingedarchisastaticallydeterminatestructure.()第7題Ahingelessarchisastaticallyindeterminatestructure.()第8題Thecantileverrigidframedoesnotneedtocalculatethesupportreactionforcewhencalculatingtheinternalforce.()第9題Formulti-spanstaticallyindeterminatebeams,theorderofbasicandthensubsidiaryshouldbefollowedwhencalculatingthesupportreactionforce.()task：DisplacementCalculationofStaticallyDeterminateStructur第1題Forbeamsandrigidframes,themostimportantfactorcausingdisplacementis().AAxialforceB