Unit1Laughoutloud!UsinglanguageNon-definingattributiveclausesLearningobjectives1.

Recognize

theform,functionofnon-definingattributiveclausesbyobservingandanalyzing.2.Conclude

thedifferencesbetweennon-defininganddefiningattributiveclausesbyanalyzingandsummarizing.3.Use

non-definingattributiveclauses.Babywon’tyoutellmewhythereissadnessinyoureyesIdon’twannasaygoodbyetoyouLoveisonebigillusion___________IshouldtrytoforgetbutthereissomethingleftinmyheadYou'retheone___________setitupnowyou'retheonetomakeitstopI'mtheone______________isfeelinglostrightnowNowyouwantmetoforgeteverylittlething_____yousaidbutthereissomethingleftinmyheadIwon'tforgettheway_______________you'rekissingThefeelingssostrongwerelastingforsolongButI'mnottheman____________________yourheartismissingThat’swhyyougoawayIknow!Listentoasongandfillintheblankswithappropriateconjunctions.(that/which)

That'swhyyougoawaywho/that

who/that(that)(that/inwhich)(whom/who/that)Activity1Lead-inMichaelLearnstoRockI’mabrownbear.定語的定義brown定語

定語

修飾、限定、說明名詞或代詞的成分。定義

定語從句先行詞+引導詞+從句Nancyisagirlthatissmiling.1.先行詞被修飾的名詞或者代詞。2.引導詞=關系詞(1)種類關系代詞關系副詞(2)作用引導定語從句在從句中作成分指代先行詞

關系副詞關系副詞先行詞句中成分地點地點狀語時間時間狀語原因原因狀語wherewhenwhy先行詞關系代詞句中成分人/物主語/賓語物主語/賓語人主語/賓語人賓語人/物定語thatwhowhichwhomwhoes關系代詞&關系副詞定語從句解題關鍵：根據(jù)先行詞和定語從句中所缺成分來判斷關系詞。做限制性定語從句的思路1.劃分主從句2.找出先行詞3.補全從句判斷是否缺少主干成分是否缺主語：指人Who/that

指物which/that充當定語：指人/物whose缺賓語：

指人Who/that/whom/不填

指物which/that/不填充當狀語：when/where/whyHaveatryGodhelpthosepeople.Thosepeoplehelpthemselves.找判替連人who/thatGodhelpthosepeoplewho/thathelpthemselves.特色面具請幫Cony及她的朋友們選擇合適的面具吧！whomTheboy__________ishandsomeisBrown.who特色面具Allthechildrenliketheteacherwith___________Mr.Greenwork.who請幫Cony及她的朋友們選擇合適的面具吧！whom特色面具Ihaveafriend__________nameisLiuMei.

whoes請幫Cony及她的朋友們選擇合適的面具吧！whom定語從句THEATRIBUTIVE

CLAUSECHAPTER2定從的分類限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句我們一樣嗎？我們不一樣~Lookatthesentencesandanswerquestions.1.Whatdo“where”,“which”and“when”refertoineachsentence?Lookatthesentencesandanswerquestions.2.Whichsentencescontainaclausewithessentialinformation（必要信息）

andwhichwithextrainformation（補充信息）?Ifyoutakeawaytheclauses,dothesentencesstillmakesense?extrainformation;

makesenseessentialinformation;

notcompleteLookatthesentencesandanswerquestions.3Whichclausesareseparatedbyacomma,theoneswithessentialinformationortheoneswithextrainformation?extrainformation;非限制性定語從句關系代詞關系副詞限制性人：that,

who,whom時間：when物：which,as地點：where原因：why所屬：whose非限制性人：who,whom時間：when物：which,as地點：where所屬：whose

原因：forwhich是對先行詞加以描述、解釋或補充說明的定語從句。它不是句中不可或缺的部分，去掉此句不會影響主句意思的完整性。概述關系詞總結：限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別名詞限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句分類標準與先行詞關系緊密與先行詞或主句關系不緊密作用修飾或限制先行詞對先行詞起限定作用。對先行詞或主句作附加的補充、說明作用。能否省略不可省略，否則原句意思不完整。若省略，原句仍然成立。省略對原句的意義不影響。結構不用逗號與主句隔開。用逗號與主句隔開。先行詞名詞或代詞名詞、代詞、短語、句子關系詞A.作賓語時可省略。B.可用that,whyC.可用who代替whomA.作賓語時不可省略B.不用that,whyC.不用who代替whom翻譯譯為先行詞的定語，“……的”。譯為兩個半句，即并列句。特殊情況：asWehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.Heisnotthesamemanashewas.思考：as是哪一類關系詞？這類句子有什么特點？Wehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.Heisnotthe

samemanashewas.

1.as引導限制性定語從句時，主要用于thesame…as…，such…as…，so…as…結構中。as在定語從句中既可指人也可指物，在從句中作主語、賓語、表語。特殊情況：as特殊情況：as

Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.He’sfromthesouth,asismentionedabove.John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.非限制性定語從句眾所周知正如上面所提到的你知道的as常與從句中的know/see/hear/expect等動詞連用asisoftenthecase這是常有的事asisknown,asissaid,asisreported,asisexpected特殊情況：as眾所周知，吸煙有害健康。Asisknowntoall,smokingisharmfultoourhealth.=Smokingisharmfultoourhealth,asisknowntoall.=Smoking,asisknowntoall,isharmfultoourhealth.比較：Smokingisharmfultoourhealth,whichisknowntoall.aswhich位置句首、句中、句末常在主句之后翻譯正如、就像……那樣這，這一點①

isreported,thepopstarwillcometoXiushuinextmonth.②ThepopstarwillcometoXiushuinextmonth,

isreported.③Itwasthefourthtimethathehadgotfirstprize,

surprisedallofus.④Hepublishedsomanybooks,someof

arestillpopular.⑤Look!Hewearsthesamekindofshoes

youdo.AsaswhichwhichasPRACTICEMAKESPERFECTAsorWhich？as常見搭配眾所周知正如你所知道的那樣正如所預料的那樣正如我們所期待的正如上面所提到的正如報道/所說的那樣正如一句諺語所說/俗話說正如指出的正如你所看見的

情況通常如此練習冊【對點練】（選詞填空：as/which)①(2023·全國甲卷)Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,____RachelCarsonsaysin"AFableforTomorrow".②Really,thetruckmydaddroveoftenbrokedownontheway,______mademydadintrouble.③Thereisnosimpleanswer,___isoftenthecaseinscience.④____weallknow,heisagiftedpianist.aswhichAsas練習一：關系詞的選用：一看成分，二看指代Theprofessor________visitedourschoolyesterdayafternoonisfromPakistan.Theman___________________Italkedtojustnow

isMr.Shao.Thesearethetrees__________wereplantedlastyear.Theradio___________heisusing

ismadeinChina.Aplaneisamachine____canfly.Hehascometothepoint_________hisdecisionmayinfluencehiswholelife.whowhom/who/不填whichwhich/不填thatwhere思考：什么情況下關系詞可以不填？1.I’llneverforgetthedays________weworkedtogether.

2.I’llneverforgetthedays_________wespenttogether.

3.Iwenttotheplace

Iworkedtenyearsago.

4.Iwenttotheplace_________Ivisitedtenyearsago.

5.Thisisthereason_______hewaslate.

6.Thisisthereason_____________hegave.

whenwhichwherewhichwhythat/which及物動詞及物動詞及物動詞練習二：關系詞的選用：一看成分，二看指代Theboys_____areplantingtreesonthehillareschoolstudents.Haveyouseenthebooks_____heboughtyesterday?Thestudent_____

wevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.Sheisthegirl_____fatherisaprofessor.Helivesinsucharoom_____hasnowindows.Helikestousethedictionary_____waspublishedin1986.Doyouremembertheday_____wemeteachother?Thisisthehouse_____welivedfor10years.Cooperationisthereason_____theywonthegame.練習三：用正確的關系代詞/副詞填空。whowhywherewhenwhichaswhosewhowhichReadthepassageandrewritethetipsusingnon-definingattributiveclauses.Goforawalkinthecountryside,where

youcanenjoythebeautifulviewsandapeacefulatmosphere.Spendtimewithyourfamilyandfriends,whichwillactivatechemicalsinyourbraintomakeyoufeelhappier.Trytoacceptyourmistakes,where/throughwhichyoucanlearnalot.Closeyoureyesandpicturethefuture,whereyou’vemadeyourdreamscometrue.Exercises

UsethegrammarMoretipstomaintainapositivemind.Shareyoursorrowwithyourbestfriends,whomustbewillingtogiveadviceandrelatetoyou.Readsomejokesandwatchsomecrosstalkshows,whichwillrelieveyourpressure.Completethepassage.1.

,who

islyingnexttohim2.

,whichhefindsannoying3.,which

hethinkswillimpressHolmes4.

,who

haslosthispatiencebynow缺主語缺主語缺賓語缺主語注意1：whose1.Thehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Thehousewhosewindowisbrokenismine.whose+名詞可以換成the+名詞+ofwhich/whom/ofwhich/whom+the+名詞。Thehouse，thewindowofwhichisbroken,ismine.2.Lookatthegirl.Herhairislongandwavy.Lookatthegirlwhosehairislongandwavy.Lookatthegirl,thehairofwhomislongandwavy.1.當先行詞既包括人又包括物時Hetalkedaboutthemenandthebooksthatattractedhim.2.指物先行詞被thevery,just,theright,theonly,thelast等修飾時Thesearetheverypointsthatinterestme.ThetrainisthelastthatwillgotoBeijing.3.先行詞是指物的不定代詞all,any,every,much,some,few,little,no及something,everything,anything,nothing,none或這些詞被修飾時Thereisstillmuchthatcanbedoneaboutit.注意2：thatvswhich只能用that的情況4.指物的先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時Thefirststepthatwearetotakeisverydifficult.Thisisthebestwaythathasbeenusedtodealwithpollution.5.主句主語是who或which時Whothathaveseenhimdoesnotlikehim?Whichisthebikethatyoulost?6.有兩個定語從句，為了避免重復，一個用which，一個用thatTheybuiltasmallfactory,whichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.只能用that的情況注意2：thatvswhich1.非限制性定語從句中Hetalkedabouthissuccess,whichboredothers.2.緊跟介詞后TheisthehouseinwhichIlivedfor10years.3.先行詞本身就是thatWhat’sthatwhichflashedthroughtheskyjustnow?注意3：thatvswhich只能用which的情況注意4：–wayWhatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway______________hesaidit.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.Theway__________________heexplainedthesentencewaseasytounderstand.inwhich/that/不填which/that/不填inwhich/that/不填特殊情況–way:way作從句中的主、賓、表–that/which/省略

way做狀語–that/inwhich/省略1.非限制性定語:從句與主句的關系只是對先行詞作些附加說明，即使去掉，主句的意思依然清楚完整。它與主向之問通常用逗號分開。2.非限制性定語從句不用that引導。Iamfondofthenovel,whichyouboughtforme.我喜歡那本小說,就是你給我買的那本。Summary3.非限制性定語從句不能用why引導,要用forwhich代替why。Thereason,forwhichhecouldn'treducehisconsumption,wasn'tgiven.他為何不能降低消費,他沒有給出任何理由。4.非限制性定語從句的先行詞可以是整個主句的內容,這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。Heoftencomestoschoollate,whichmakeshisteacherangry.(先行詞為主句的內容)他經常上學遲到,這使得他的老師很生氣。090102030405080706thatwhichwhowhomwhosewhenwherewhyas人物物人人人,物時間地點原因人,物Amindmap(思維導圖)ofattributiveclauses.1.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_________frightenedher.2.Sheheardaterriblenoise____________frightenedher.3.Ihadtoldthemthereason,_________Ididn'tattendthemeeting.4.Ihadtoldthemthereason_______________Ididn'tattendthemeeting.5.Hewaseagertogotothehospitaltoseehisstepmother,_________helovedandrespectedashisownmother.6.Hewaseagertogotothehospitaltoseehisstepmother________________helovedandrespectedashisownmother.7.DoyouknowTom________________wetalkedabout?8.DoyouknowTom,_________wetalkedabout?whichwhich/thatforwhichwhy/forwhichwhom（who/whom/that）(who/whom/that)whom加贈練習：單句語法填空9.Thingswillturnoutcontrarytoone'swishes,__________isoftenthecase.10.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures,

eachof

usesitdifferently.11.Thecar,for___________Ipaidalotofmoney,isnowoutofdate.12.Isuggestyougotoaspecialist(專家),from___________youcangetanswerstomostofyourquestions.13.Inthischapter(章節(jié)),oneofourproblemsistodiscovertheprincipleson______thesetestsarebased.14.

isknowntoeverybody,laughterishealthierthananger.aswhichwhomwhichAswhich用恰當?shù)年P系詞填空MostpeoplehaveneverheardofTimBernersLee.HeisnotasfamousasEinstein,①______namehasbecomeverywellknown.Berners-Lee,②____worksinasmallofficeattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,isthecreatoroftheWorldWideWeb.HewasborninEnglandin1955.Hisparents,③_____helpeddesigntheworld'sfirstcommerciallyavailablecomputer,gavehimagreatloveofmathsandlearning.In1980,Berners-LeewenttoworkataphysicslaboratoryinSwitzerland,④_______hehadalotofmaterialtolearnquickly.Hehadapoormemoryforfactsandwantedtofindawaytohelphimkeeptrackofthethings⑤_________hecouldn'tremember.whoeswhowhowherethat/which用恰當?shù)年P系詞填空Hedesignedasoftwareprogram⑥___________allowedhimtocreateadocumentthathadlinkstootherdocuments.Hecontinuedtodevelophisideathroughthe1980s.In1991,hisprojectbecameknownastheWorldWideWeb.Thenumberofpeople⑦______usedtheInternetstartedtogrowquickly.However,Berners-Leeisnotcompletelyhappywiththewayin⑧_____theWebhasdeveloped.Ithasbecomeapassivetoolforsomanypeople,notthetoolforcreativity⑨__________hehadimagined.In1999,hepublishedabookcalledWeavingtheWeb,⑩_______heansweredquestionshewasoftenasked.who/thatwhichwherethat/whichthat/which

定語從句改錯1.IshallneverforgetthoseyearswhichIlivedonthefarm.2.Hepaidtheman$20forwashingthewindows,mostofthemhadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.3.InthepolicestationIsawthemanfromwhichroomhewitnessedthemurder.4.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedintheschool.5.ThereasonwhyIwasawayfromschoolisbecauseIwasillyesterday.whenwhichwhoesthatthat1.Yet,researchhasfoundthatgivingyourtimetocommunitycausesactuallymakesyoufeellikeyouhavemoreofit.2.Theshapecreatesaperfectmarketwheregoodscouldbeshippedandreceivedusingtheriverasahighway.3.MostofHo'sstudentswillrecover,whichmeansthatpreparingthemtoreturntoschoolisanincreasinglyimportantcomponentofcare.4.…,foodproducersandsellersarelookingforwaystousemoreofwhatwe'realreadygrowing.5.Itchangeditsmenutoexclusively(專門)offerfoodthatwouldotherwisebethrownaway.6.Studentswhoarearoundplantsperformbetteracademicallythanstudentswhoareinaclassroomwithoutplants體驗高考

[2025·全國二卷]Grammar-filling1.(2025年全國二卷）Yetnow,IliveinthecountrysideofZhejiang,ChinawithmyChinesehusbandandhisfamily,

bambooandteabushes(灌木)growwildinthemountains,chickensarealwaysfree-range,andcentralheatingdoesn'texist.2.（2025年全國一卷）AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo,orweiqiinChinese,

originatedinChinamorethan4,000yearsago.3.[2024·全國乙卷]Thecolorshechosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawoman

haircolorlookedjustperfect.wherewhichwhoseGrammar-filling4.【2024新課標二卷】Chineseculturalelementscommemorating(紀念)TangXianzu,

isknownas“theShakespeareofAsia,”addaninternationalcharactertoStratford-upon-Avon,WilliamShakespeare’shometown.5.【2023年全國乙卷】Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace

welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.whothat/whichLead-in齊聲朗讀：關于非限定性定語從句：1.形式上由逗號和主句分開，關系詞不可以省略，不是修飾限定先行詞的作用，而是補充解釋的作用，通常翻譯成兩個句子。2.只有兩個關系代詞不能引導：why和that；3.指人的關系代詞作賓語時,只能用賓格whom,不能用who替換；4.從句置于句首時,不能用which引導，要用as5