1.本試卷共8頁，共五部分，44道小題，滿分102.在試卷和答題紙上填寫班級和姓名。3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題紙上，在試卷上作答無效!4.在答題紙上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其余(主觀題)題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答(主觀題用鉛筆作答視為做記號，記零分)。TheKingsportCarouselhforoutings.IftheKingsportCarouselsoundsmagic,that’sbecauseitis.Butthebuilt.ItbeganwithaKingsportresident,GaleJoh.JohwasfromBinghamton,the“CarouselCapitaloftheWorld”wheremanycarousels2hiscarefreeandjoyousdaysofchildhood.KidsinKingsportshouldknowthe 3,hethought.Hetoldtheideatowere5incarpentry(木匠活),theyweregreatproblem-solvers.Afterattendi 6afacilityastheirwNext,they’dneedafra 9,weletourcommunityknowit,andasoproject.Aftersevenyears,withthehelpofvolunteersandsponsors,thecarouselwasready.Asymbolofdeterminationandlove,it’sbecomethcapital,”saidMacdonald.“Butwhenitcomestomakingacarousel,wehaveallthetalentsneededrighthere.”1.A.replacingB.fillingC.countingD.co2.A.changedB.indicatedC.followedD.witnessed3.A.truthB.differenceC.pleasureD.importance4.A.predictedB.shared5.A.involvedB.absorbedC.experiencedD.interested6.A.acquiringB.seekingC.joiningD.contacting7.A.carriedonB.steppedforwardC.cameacross8.A.remindedB.inspiredC.botheredD.reached9.A.barrierB.chanceC.favorD.task10.A.EventuallyB.SuIn2022,topreserveChina’swetla Sincetheimplementationofthesemeasures,there13fwaterbirdsthatspentthepreviouswinteratDongtingLakInthepastfewyears,researchersatLundUndetectthewarmthofabodywithouttouchingit.Theirrdifference15setofnervesinadog’snosethatappeartobextraenergy,signalingtothebraintBookingaflight-freeholidayiseffortlesswithBywayTravel.17(found)i100%flight-freetrips.Thecompanyexceltravelersdiscovertheinterestingplacestinflight-freeexcursionsfromtheUKtoEurope,withplans20ATheIOCOlympicStudiesCentreistheworldsourceofreferencefosharethisknowledgewithprofessionalsandresearchersthroughprovidinginformation,givingaccesstcollections,enablingresearchandstimulatingintellectuaAspartoftheIOC,weareuniquelyplacedtocollectandsharethemostup-to-dateandaccurateinfoonOlympism.OurcollectionsincludetheIOCarchives(檔案),theofficialOrganizingCommitteeoftheOlympicGamesaswellasbooks,articlesandjournals.WhateveryourinterestintheOlympicMovement—academicorprofessional—wewillhelpyoufindtAnsweryourquestions:sharefactualandhistoricalinformatiGivepersonalizedguidance:helpyoufindwhatyouneeLendyoubooksandpublications,eveninternationGiveyouonlineaccess:toourelecAwardresearchgrants:toPhDstudenConnectyoutoournetwork:ofacademicexpertsinOlympicsJointheacademiccommunityinterestediOneofourkeyrolesistofacilitatecommunicationandcooperationbetweentheIOCaacademiccommunityinordertopromoteresearchandstimulateinThisworldwidecommunityismainlycomposedofover40OlympicStudiesCentersandhundredindividualscholarsanduniversitystudentsworkingonacademicprojectsrelatedtothThankstothisregularexchangeandtheworkconductedbytheacadeknowledge,sharenewanalysisonkeytopicsrelatedtotheOlympicMovemenuniversitieswishingtolaunchinitiativesonOlympicstudies.UniversityprofessorsandresearchersareinvitedtojoinouracademicmailinglisttobeinformefutureactivitiesandotherupdatesconcerningOlympicstudiesinitiatives.Tojoin,emailuswofyouracademicstatusandyourfullcontactdetaYou’llfindusnextdooudyrooms.Ifyouwouldliketoseethehistoricalarchivesorneedpersonalguidancetofinrcollections,pleasefilloutourvisitorreques21.TheOlympicStudiesCentermainlyaimA.givepersonalizedguidaB.provideresourcesontheOlyC.receiveOlympicfansacrosD.updateinformationonOlympi22.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheacademicA.ItisorganizedbB.ItlaunchesprojectsatuniversiC.ItpromotesacademicexchaD.Itprovideselectronicdocum23.Ifyouwanttovisitthecenter,youhaveto.A.filloutavisitorrequestformC.makeanappointmentBIrememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenweweprojectofvolunteeringatanon-profitorganization．Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferentorganizationsthatneededourhelp，mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofadifferencewithtsawpicturesoftheIraqichildren．TheirfacesweresThemostrewardingdayforoinallycametogether．WhdthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehanIwouldfeelonceourprojectwascompleted．WInthebeginning，Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson．Nownowbeabletofurthertheireducati24.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutjoiningtheOICprojectinthebeginning？A.Itwouldaffecthis/herinitialB.ItwouldinvolvetravelingoverC.Itwouldnotbringhim/heragD.Itwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpecta25.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehis/herattitudetowardA.ImagesofIraqichildren．C.Ateacher'sintroduction．A.becomeOICvolunteersB.furthertheireduC.studyinforeigncountries27.WhatcanweconcludefromthB.FirstimpressioncannotalwaysbetrusC.ActionsspeaklouderD.HewhohesitatesisCMakingpredictionsgetsinthewayofthebrain'sabilitytorememberthepresentmoment,newresearchsuggests.Thehippocampus,abrainstructureusuallyassociatedwithremembmakeforecasts(neuroscientistscallthis“statisticallearning”).ButscientistswritingintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesUSAhavenowdemonstratedthatthelatterfunctioncaninfluencetheformer.Researchersshowedparticipantsaseriesofphotographsonascreenwithouttellingcategoriesalwaysfollowedothers:mountainsalwayscameimmintendedtosubconsciouslylearntheseassociationsandbegintoexpectthesepairings.Latshownthesamephotosagain,mixedinwithnewexamples,andwereaskediftheyhadspottedanyofthembTheyaccuratelyrecalledseeingrandomimagesatamuchbetterratethanthepredpictures).Thescientistsrepeatedthisprocesswhilescanningparticipants'brainswithfMRI(功能性核磁共振).Eachimagecategorycausedadistinctneural(神經(jīng)的)activitypattern,andthepatternsseeninthehippocampuswhenthecorrespondingpredictivecategorywasdisplstrengthinfMRIcorrespondedinverselywithparticipants'memorytaskscores.“Themoreevidenceforpredictionwesaw,theworsetheirmemorywasfortauthorandYaleUniversitycognitive(認(rèn)知)neuroscientistBrycausedthehippocampustoshifttowardprediction—andawayfromencodThestudyisamongthefirsttodemonstrapreviouslysuspectedthatthehippocampushadaroleinstatisticallearningbutdidnotknowhowitinteractswithmemoryformation.“Thispaperisareallynicedemonstrationofthebalancewherethehippocampusisdoingboththesethings,”saysUniversityofVirginiacognitiveneuroscientistNicoleLong.Theteamsaysthiscompromiseoccursbecauserememberingandpredictingbothusesomeobiologicalpathways.Inthepaper,theauthorscompareitwithusingone'srigh車)andgaspedals(油門)inacar…butnotbothatthesametime.“Thissystemcouldpreventmemoryredundancies(冗余)andthusconserveb“Westillneedfurtherresearch,”Longsays.“Forinstance,howmuchrepetitionisneededbeforethehippocampusshiftsfromrecordingtopredictingandwhetheritispossibletotrainmodesatthesametime.”A.predictiveimagesstimulatedmemoryformatB.thehippocampushasnothingtodowithprediC.researchersrevealedhowtobalancepredictingandD.theparticipantsrememberedrandomimagesmorequicklyandacc29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inversely”inParagraph3probC.Inthesamedirection.30.WhydoestheauthormentionthebrakeaA.TopresentanaccuratepictureofhowB.ToillustratethatpredictinginteC.Tostressthedifficultiesofoperatingthematthesametime.D.Toshowtheimportanceofusingthesamebiologicalpathwa31.WhichwouldbethebesttitleforA.TheRoleoftheHippocampuswithinMemoryB.PredictingaSituationBenefiC.ForecastorRemember:TheBrainMustD.ForecastandRemember:DAlbertEinstein’s1915masterpiece“TheFoundationoftthebestintroductiontothesubject,andIrecommenditassuchtostudents.Butitprobablywouldn’tbepublishableinascientificjournaltoday.beliefholdsthatthepaperwasincomprehensibletoitsfirstreaders,infactmanypapersintheoreunderstoodthetheoryofrelativity.Idobelievetheremighthavebeeton,beforehewrotehispaper.Butafterpeoplereadfrelativityinsomewayorother,certainlymorethan12.”continueswithanexpositionofknownmathematics.Thosettoday,takeuphalfthepaper.Worse,therearezerocitationsofpreviousscientiThosefeaturesmightmakeapapernotevengetpasttheAsimilarprocessofprofessionalizationhastransformedotherpartsofthescieresearchtimeatmajorobservatoriesornaworkwithhumansubjects,orputtinginstrumentsinspace,involvespilesofpaperwork.theearlydecadesofits78-yearhistory,thewinningprojectswereusuaeffortsonemightexpectoftalen(實(shí)習(xí))atestablishedlaboratoriesisthTheseprofessionalizingtendenciesareanaturalconsequencStandardizationandsystemsmakeiteasiertomanagetherapidflareseriousdownsides.AlotofunproductiveeffortgoesintojumpingthroughbureaucratioutsidersfaceentrybarriOfcourse,Einsteinwouldhavefoundhiswaytomeetiscientificeorewouldn’thavechanged,butthepapermightnotbethesa32.AccordingtoRichaA.wasaclassicintheoreticalphysicsC.attractedfewprofessionals33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“extraneous”inPaA.Imprecise.B.Unrealistic.C.Irrele34.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisaA.Theapplicationofresearchfindings.B.Theselectionofyoungtalents.C.Theevaluationoflaboratories.D.Theprincipleofscientificresearch.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)Sometimesinourlifewefacethisproblem:lovetoputupwithchildrenscreamingduringonlinemeetings, ___Kindnessseemslikeadistantmemory.Theabilitytolivseemsmoredifficultthanever.3easierovertime. 37LovingKindnessMeditation(默想)(LKM),whichdatesbacktothetimeofitsBuddhism,helpsusfindsympathyforoneanothoughtsoflovingkindnesstolovedones,thentoacquaintances(peopleyoudon’tknowverywechallengingpeople.Overtime,ourunkindthoughtsarereplacedwithmoreopen,acceptingones.AngDonaldAltman,apsychotherapistfromPortland,Oregon,saysLKMhelpshavebeenhurt.memberorfriendsendingyouthewords,“Mayyoubewell,happyandwordsatyourself,“MayIbewell,happyandatpeace.”39Replacethe“I”withthencoach,thenafamilymemberorfriend,thenanacmeditationbyspreadingtheblessingtoalllivingbeiIndeed,weshouldfindourownwaytowardLKM—butonlyifwearepreparedtoextendthemtoanyonewhomayB.Luckily,wecanlooktoanciC.Atwork,we’vehadtofacetheaddedpressurethesedemandingjobscreate.D.Then,extendtheblessingtootherpeople,inorderofdecreasingfondness.E.Forthatreason,wecouldallbenefitfromlove’swarmandcomfortingblessing.F.Youcancombinethewordswithbreathing,repeatingaphraseoflovG.Outside,we’veencountereddriversspeedingonbusyroa“Ican’t”mightactuallymean“Idon’twantto,”“I’mafraid,”“I’mconfused,”oreven“Idon’tknowhow.”Andafterparsingout(解析)hiddenmeaningsforthehundredthtime,Icanunderstandwhymychildhoodgymnasticscoachhadputagym-widebanontheAnyonewhousedit,eventheothercoaches,hadtodo50push-upsbefothathewantedpeopletodothingsbeyondtheirskillorsafetylevel.ThepolicywasHefelttheywereashield(保護(hù)盾)tohidebehindinsteadofadmittingmoreusefulandacafraid.”“I’veneverdoneitbymyself.”“Inofotherpeople.”“Idon’twantto,because...”.Asanasthmatic(氣喘患者),mymostvividmemoriescomefromthegym-classmilerun.Forme,“Ican’t”actuallymeant“It’ssoembarrassingtothehitbyintentionallywalkingthewholething.”Myheartstillstartstoracejustthinkingofthenumberoftimesmyself-preserving.“Ican’t”wasmetwithadismissive“Ofcourse,youcan.”Butlettingourselvesfallbackonthe“Ican’t”candomoredamagethanjusthidingourdeeperfeelings.peoplearoundus,starttobelieveit.IknowtherearethingsIhavestopfthat.So,