第1題Whichofthefollowingtermsbestdescribesthepracticeofenvironmentalmanagement()AintegrativeandinterdisciplinaryBabstractandtheoreticalCelitistandunnecessaryDtheoreticalandcontroversial第2題Ingeneral,naturalresources()AshouldnotbeusedBareevenlydividedamongallcountriesCbelongonlytothoseonwhosepropertytheyexistDshouldbeusedefficientlyandconservedEshouldbeusedbyeveryoneequally第3題Sincecleanairandwaterareclearlyvaluable,onewouldexpectthatastheybecomescarcertheirpriceshouldalsorise,makingitmoreexpensivetopollute.Yetthisclearlydoesnothappeninreallife,because()AscientificuncertaintyBmarketfailureCmismatchedscaleDcognitivebiasesEnontraditionalinterests第4題Typeofdisciplinedescribingenvironmentalmanagement()AinterdisciplinaryscienceBecologyCsocialscience第5題Solutionstoenvironmentalproblems()AmustbedesignedwithsustainablegoalsBarebestdesignedanddiscussedinthepoliticalarenaCmustbeshorttermDmustbeonalocalscaleEcanbeimplementedonlybyscientists第6題Geothermalenergy,windenergy,andsolarradiationareallexamplesof________()AbiodiversityBbiodegradablematerialsCrenewableenvironmentalresourcesDnonrenewableresourcesEbioticenvironmentalfactorsFcontributetokeepingecosystemsproductive第7題Externalcostsinclude________()AwagesButilitiesCworker'scompensationandinsuranceDenvironmentaldamageErawmaterials第8題Thegreatestcauseoftheworldwidelossofspeciesis________()AwaterpollutionBairpollutionChabitatdestructionDdecreasedsoilnutrientsEanthropogenicactivities第9題Howtoactinfaceofscientificuncertainty()AdevelopbetterinformationBdonothingCapplytheprecautionaryprincipleDbymajorityopinion第10題Whichofthefollowingsarepublicgoods()AcleanairBscenicvistasCecosystemservicesDnationaldefense第11題Apublicgoodhastwocharacteristics()Anon-rivalryBnon-excludabilityCrivalryDexcludability第12題Whichofthefollowingsituationsmayleadtomarketfailure()ApublicgoodsBtragedyofcommonsCfreeridersDexternality第13題Whichofthefollowingsareexamplesfornegativeproductionexternalities()AAirpollutionfromburningfossilfuels.Thisactivitycausesdamagestocrops,(historic)buildingsandpublichealth.BTrafficCongestionCWaterpollutionbyindustriesthataddseffluent,whichharmsplants,animals,andhumans.DNoisepollution-Sleepdeprivationduetoaneighborlisteningtoloudmusiclateatnight.第14題Whichofthefollowingsareexamplesfornegativeconsumptionexternalities()AAnindividualreceivingavaccinationforacommunicablediseaseBAntibioticresistance-causedbyincreasedusageofantibiotics.CIncreasededucationofindividualsDPassivesmoking-Sharedcostsofdeclininghealthandvitalitycausedbysmokingand/oralcoholabuse.第15題Whichofthefollowingsareexamplesforpositiveproductionexternalities()AAbeekeeperwhokeepsthebeesfortheirhoneyBAnindustrialcompanyprovidingfirstaidclassesforemployeestoincreaseonthejobsafety.Thismayalsosavelivesoutsidethefactory.CAforeignfirmthatdemonstratesup-to-datetechnologiestolocalfirmsandimprovestheirproductivity.DTheconstructionandoperationofanairport第16題Whichofthefollowingsareexamplesforpositiveconsumptionexternalities()AAnindividualwhomaintainsanattractivehousemayconferbenefitstoneighborsintheformofincreasedmarketvaluesfortheirproperties.BAnindividualreceivingavaccinationforacommunicabledisease.CDrivinganelectricvehiclechargedbyelectricityfromarenewablesource,reducinggreenhousegasemissionsandimprovinglocalairqualityandpublichealth.DIncreasededucationofindividuals.第1題Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmentincludes()AthefastestwaystoeconomicprosperityBtheneedsoffuturegenerationsCconvenienceandglobaleconomicimprovementsDgrowthinprofitsfrominternationaltradeEtheimportanceofdevelopingthearts第2題YouhavereadaboutthemistakesmadeonEasterIsland.OnTikopia,anothersmallisland,thepeopleactedinotherways.Whentheyrealizedthatthepigstheyhadimportedweredamagingtheenvironment,theykilledthemall.Theyhadtohavepermissionfromachieftofish,whichpreventedoverfishing.Theyalsopracticedcontraception.Theseactionsallindicatethat()AtheyfeltthateverythingwasanonrenewableresourceBtheywereconcernedwithonlyoneyearatatimeCtheybelievedinfullresourceutilizationDtheytrulypracticedsustainabilityEtheyfeltthateverythingwasarenewableresource第3題Sustainability()AensuresaneconomythatwilldeclineovertimeBispossiblegivenourincreaseduseoffertilizersandtechnologyforagricultureCisimpossibletoaccomplishDisbeyondourcurrenttechnologyandattitudesEinvolvesusingresourceswithoutcompromisingfutureavailability第4題Pesticideuse()AcanbeeliminatedbychangingtheseasonwhencropsareplantedBwillbeeliminatedaspestsdecreaseasaconsequenceofyearsofpesticideuseCposesnoenvironmentalthreatinthiscountryDmaybeanecessarypartofmoderntechnologicalagricultureEwillnotbeaproblemaswelearntogeneticallymodifypredators第5題Whenpopulationsapproachtheircarryingcapacity,theirresources()AdecreaseinsupplybutaremoreaccessibletocompetitorsBincreasebecausepopulationsaredecreasingCincreaseinsupplyasthepopulationsizedecreasestozeroDarenotaconcernastheyareusuallyinfiniteinsupplyEbecomemorescarceasgrowthratedecreasestozero第6題Ingeneral,environmentalistsbelievethatgovernmentsshould()ApromotesocialandenvironmentaljusticeBnationalizeallEarth'snaturalresourcesCdiscourageecolabelingDderegulatecorporationsElowercorporatetaxes第7題________isbestdefinedasthestudyofhowwedecidetousescarceresourcesinthefaceofdemand()AEconomicsBEthicsCEthnobiologyDEcologyEEnvironmentalscience第8題________involvesthefairtreatmentandmeaningfulinvolvementofallpeopleregardlessofrace,color,nationalorigin,orincome,withrespecttothedevelopment,implementation,andenforcementofenvironmentallaws,regulations,andpolicies()AEnvironmentaljusticeBLandethicsCSocialismDEcologicaljusticeEConservation第9題________referstomeetingtheneedsofthepresentwithoutsacrificingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds()ASocialjusticeBEconomicdevelopmentCSustainabledevelopmentDSustainablesubsistenceEEcologicaldevelopment第10題Whichofthefollowingwouldcontributetoarapidincreaseincrudeoilprices()AincreasedavailabilityofalternativefuelsBincreaseinsupplyofoilCincreaseindemandforoilDdecreaseindemandforoilEhighergastaxes第11題Whywouldtheconsumptionoffossilsfuelsremainhigh,despitehighprices()AbadweatherBpoliticalunrestintheMiddleEastCexcessivesuppliesoffossilfuelsDnonrenewabilityoffossilfuelsEculturalpreferencesandresistancetochange第12題Whatfactormightleadtomorepoliticalsupportforhigherfuel-efficiencystandards()AevenhigheroilpricesBanendtopoliticalinstabilityintheMiddleEastCloweroilpricesDreleaseofoilfromthenationalpetroleumreservesEagreatersupplyofoil第13題Whatalternativemeasuremightthegovernmenttaketoaidinthefossilfuelcrisis()AdrillforoilofftheFloridacoastBapprovelegislationtoprovidemorefundingtodeveloprenewableenergyCbuildmoreoilrefineriesDreopenclosedcoalminesEabolishgreentaxes第14題Whatmeasure()mightconsumerstaketoaidinthefossilfuelcrisis()ApurchaseonlydomesticfuelBlobbythegovernmenttostopindustrypermittradingCprotesthightaxesonfossilfuelsDusepublictransportationanddemandfuel-efficientvehiclesEpurchaseonlyimportedfuel第15題Thebasisforgovernmentpolicyregardingenvironmentalissues()Acomesfromthesciences,withinputfromthepublicandprivatesectorsBcomesprimarilyfromtheprivatesectorCcomesonlyfromthenaturalandsocialsciencesandisacteduponwithoutbiasDcomesfromboththepublicandtheprivatesectorsEisprimarilydrivenbylobbying第16題Environmentalpolicyaimsto()ApreserveallpresentnaturalareasintheirpristineconditionBpromoteeconomicgrowthCprotectthevaluesofthelandownerDusenaturalresourcesforeconomicallyimportantindustrialproductsEpromotefairnessamongpeopleandgroupsintheuseofresources第17題RachelCarson'sbookSilentSpring,publishedinthe1960s()AwasconcernedwithbirthdefectsinhumansBawakenedtheAmericanpublictonegativeeffectsofartificialhormonesCfocusedonchemicalpollutants,includingindustrialchemicalsDwasthebeginningofthefirstwaveofEwarnedofinsectpollinatorlossesthroughpesticideuseFS.environmentalpolicy第18題Tocontrolpollution,industryhasbeengivenlimitsandbeenthreatenedwithpunishmentiftheselimitsareviolated.Thisapproachiscalled()AendofthealleyBcommand-and-controlClastchanceDcarrotandstickElimitandmanage第19題Environmentalpublicpolicyisintendedto()AimprovehumanwelfareandprotectthenaturalworldBmaximizeeconomicprofitwhileminimizingpublicdiscontentCmeasuretheimpactofindustrialwastesontheenvironmentDensureaccesstonaturalresourcesforindustryEpromotetheharvestingofnaturalresources第20題Sustainableeconomicandenvironmentalpolicieswillshiftthefocusfrom()Aeconomicgrowthtothewell-beingofhumansBsustainabilitytoproductivityCproductivitytoeconomicgrowthDnationaleconomicgrowthtoglobaleconomicgrowthEproductivitytoprofitsAssignment03第1題HowdoestheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironmental()affectenvironmentalpolicy()ATheMEEdevelopsenvironmentalrulesandregulationsbasedonlawspassedbyNationalPeople'sCongress.BTheMEEfundsecologicalstudiesthatinformtheexecutivebranchaboutwhatenvironmentallawsareneeded.CTheMEEpasseslawsthatcontrolenvironmentalregulations.DTheMEEdetermineswhichlawspassedbythejudicialbranchapplytoenvironmentalpolicy.第2題RegardingenvironmentallawsandtheConstitutionofChina()AfundamentalenvironmentalpolicyisalreadysetforthintheConstitutionBenvironmentallawscannotviolatetheConstitutionCinacaseofconflict,environmentallawsalwaystakeprecedenceovertheConstitution第3題TheMinistryofEcologyandEnvironmentcarriesoutthesupervisionandadministrationofthenationalenvironmentalprotectionaffairsundertheleadershipof()AtheStateCouncilBNationalPeople'sCongressCChinesePeople'sPoliticalConsultativeConferenceDPRCpresident.第4題()managesenergysaving;recyclingeconomy,energyandresourceconservationandcomprehensiveutilization;ecologicalcivilization,environment-friendlyindustries,andcleanerproductionpromotion()AMinistryofEcologyandEnvironmentBNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionCMinistryofTransportDMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology第5題()manageswaterpollutioninportsandwharves()AMinistryofEcologyandEnvironmentBNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionCMinistryofTransportDMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology第6題()managescleanerproductioninagriculturesector()AMinistryofEcologyandEnvironmentBNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionCMinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairsDMinistryofIndustryandInformationTechnology第7題()managesthesurvey,monitoringandevaluationofnaturalresources()AMinistryofEcologyandEnvironmentBNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionCMinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairsDMinistryofNaturalResources第8題()managesbuildingenergyconservation,planningonurbansolidwastedisposalfacilities()AMinistryofEcologyandEnvironmentBNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionCMinistryofHousingandUrban-RuralDevelopmentDMinistryofNaturalResources第9題()managesdevelopmentandutilizationofwaterresources()AMinistryofEcologyandEnvironmentBNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionCMinistryofWaterResourcesDMinistryofNaturalResources第10題()managesthecensus,excavation,protectionandutilizationofculturalandtourismresources()AMinistryofEcologyandEnvironmentBNationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionCMinistryofCultureandTourismDMinistryofNaturalResources第11題TheconstructionanddevelopmentofenvironmentalprotectionagenciesinChinawasinitiatedinthe()A1960sB1970sC1980sD1990s第12題In1974()wasfoundedundertheStateCounciltomarkthecommencementoftheformationofChina’senvironmentalprotectionagencies()AtheLeadingGroupofEnvironmentalProtectionBtheMinistryofUrbanandRuralConstructionandEnvironmentalProtectionCtheEnvironmentalProtectionCommissionDtheStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration第13題China’scurrentenvironmentalprotectionmanagementsystemwasestablishedinaccordancewiththeand()AConstitutionofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaBtheCivilCodeofthePeople'sRepublicofChinaCtheLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonEnvironmentalProtectionDCriminalLawofthePeople'sR