第1題In1982,theU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationapprovedthefirstgeneticallyengineeredproduct,(),tobeputonthemarket,whichmarkedtheofficialcommercializationofgeneticallyengineeredproducts.AHumaninsulinBRecombinantproteinsCRecombinantDNAmoleculesDGeneticallyengineeredbacteria第2題Thedevelopmenttrendsoffoodbiotechnologyaremainly()AWidespreaduseofgeneeditingtechnologyBImprovementoffoodnutritionandsafetyCDiversefoodoptionsDConvergencewithAItechnology正確答案：ABCD第3題Theuseofbiotechnologyenablestheproductionofavarietyoffoodadditives,including()AVCBSodiumerythorbateCcarotenoidDVE正確答案：ABCD第4題Biotechnology____referstothefactthatpeoplecanproducetheproductsneededforhumanbeingsorachievecertainpurposesbasedon____,combinedwiththescientificprinciplesofotherbasicsciences,usingadvancedscientificandtechnologicalmeans,andtransforming____accordingtopre-design.正確答案：:biotechnology正確答案：:Modernlifesciences正確答案：:organismsorprocessedbiologicalrawmaterials第5題Biotechnologyisimportantinthedesignandprocessoptimizationof____toimprovefoodquality,producefunctionalfood,andimprovetheutilizationrateoffoodresourcesandreduceenergyconsumption.正確答案：:Foodbioprocessingandmanufacturingprocesses第1題Geneeditingtechnologyistoobtaingoodtraitsbychangingtheexpressionofitsowngenes,andtransgenictechnologyistoobtaingoodtraitsbyrelyingontheexpressionofforeigngenes.第2題HorizontalgenetransferDifferentbiologicalindividualsmaybethesamespeciesbutcontaindifferentgeneticinformation.第3題TheapplicationofAIingeneticresearchishelpingtodiscovernewdrugtargetsandtreatments.第4題In1982,theU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationapprovedthefirstgeneticallyengineeredproduct,(),tobeputonthemarket,whichmarkedtheofficialcommercializationofgeneticallyengineeredproducts.AHumaninsulinBRecombinantproteinsCRecombinantDNAmoleculesDGeneticallyengineeredbacteria第5題Geneticengineeringuses____torecombine____and________invitro,andtransfertherecombinantDNAformedintorecipientcells,sothatforeigngenescanbereplicatedandexpressedinthem,soastomodifybiologicalcharacteristicsandproduceproductsrequiredbyhumanbeings.正確答案：:enzymaticmethods正確答案：:exogenousgenes正確答案：:carrier正確答案：:DNATest第1題Modernfoodbiotechnologymainlyobtainsproductsthroughmicrobialprimaryfermentation,whichislimitedtothefieldsofmicrobialfermentationandchemicalengineering.()第2題Whatarethewaysinwhichthefermentationprocessiscarriedout?AFermentationinbatchesBLiquiddeepfermentationCFermentationinbatchesDContinuousfermentation正確答案：ACD第3題Whichofthefollowingistheeffectoftemperatureonfermentation()AThereactionrateoftheenzymeBProteinpropertiesCPhysicalpropertiesoffermentationbrothDDirectionofbiosynthesis正確答案：ABCD第4題FactorsthatcausepHtoriseduringfermentation()AExcesscarbonsourcesBHypernitrogensourceCExcessiveadditionofdefoamingoilDThepresenceofphysiologicalalkalinesubstances正確答案：BD第5題Accordingtothedifferentneedsofoxygeninthefermentationprocess,thefermentationtypecanbedividedinto()AAnaerobicfermentationBFacultativeanaerobicfermentationCVentilationfermentationDSolid-statefermentation正確答案：AC第6題Whensterilizingthemediuminthefermentationindustry,considerationshallbegivento()asfaraspossibleinadditiontosterilization.AReduceenergyconsumptionBReducedsterilizationtimeCReduceddisruptionofmediacomponentsDReducelaborinputTest第1題Geneeditingtechnologyobtainsexcellenttraitsbychangingtheexpressionofitsowngenes,whiletransgenictechnologyreliesontheexpressionofexogenousgenestoobtainexcellenttraits.

第2題Genetichorizontaltransferofdifferentorganismsmaybethesamespeciesbutcontaindifferentgeneticinformation.

第3題TransductionisthetransferofDNAandgeneticrecombinationbetweendonorandrecipientcellswhenthevirusisreleasedfromaninfectedcellandre-infectsanothercell.第4題Transgenesisisatypicalartificialhorizontaltransferofgenes.第5題TheamountandpurificationoftemplatenucleicacidsisoneofthekeylinksinthesuccessorfailureofPCR.第6題PrimersarekeytoPCR-specificreactions,andthespecificityofPCRproductsdependsonthedegreetowhichprimersarecomplementarytothetemplateDNA.第7題qPCRutilizesafluorescentprobethatcanbecombinedwithatargetsequencetoproduceafluorescentsignal.第8題RT-PCRcanonlybequalitative,notquantitative.第9題AsynthesizedpairofprimerscanbindtotwooligonucleotidesequencesthatcomplementarilybindtothetemplateDNA,oneofwhichiscalledtheupstreamprimerandtheotheriscalledthedownstreamprimer.第10題useofgeneticengineeringfermentationtoproduceantimicrobialpeptideshasstrongpurpose,andthereisroomforimprovingtheyieldtechnically,especiallytheapplicationofedibleengineeringbacteria,whichisanidealwaytoproduceantimicrobialpeptideswithlowcostandwideapplication.Test第1題Thefollowingexamplesillustratethetotipotencyofcells()(1)Plantableplantswereculturedfromsinglecellsofcarrotsculturedinsuspension;(2)seedgermination,growingintoaplant;(3)Fertileplantswerecultivatedwithtobaccocallus.A②B①③C②③D①②③(2)Theseedisnotacell,sothepropagationofoffspringwithplantseedscannotreflectthetotipotencyofthecell,whichiswrong;(3)Fertileplantswerecultivatedwithtobaccocallus,whichreflectedthetotipotencyofplantsomaticcells.So,(1)(3)iscorrect.第2題Thefollowingbiologicalprocessesinwhichcelldifferentiationoccursandsomatictotipotencyare()ACornseedsgerminateandgrowintonewplantsBMousebonemarrowhematopoieticstemcellsformvariousbloodcellsCWheatpollenisdevelopedintohaploidplantsbyexvivocultureDThephloemcellsofcarrotrootsaredevelopedintonewplantsbytissueculture第3題Whenculturingcarrotphloemcellsintoseedlings,oneofthefollowingconditionsisnotrequired()ACellswithanintactnucleusBcertainnutrientsandplanthormonesCInvitroDImportspecificgenes第4題Thefollowingstatementsaboutcelldifferentiationandcelldivisionarewrong()ACelldifferentiationdoesnotnecessarilyincreasethetotalareaofthecellandthevarietyofproteinsBThegrowthanddevelopmentofanorganismistheresultofcelldivisionandcelldifferentiationCCelldivisionisthebasisofcelldifferentiationDAsaresultofcelldifferentiation,thenumberofcellsischanged第5題Thefollowingexperimentsthatdonotillustratethetotipotencyofcellsare()AMutagenictomatoseedsaregrownintoplantsBThemesophyllcellsofvioletsareculturedintoplantsCTomatoesarefusedwithpotatocellsandgrownintoplantsDGeneticallymodifiedcottoncellsarecultivatedintoplants第6題Amongthefollowingbreedingmethods,thosethatarenotrelatedtotissueculturetechnologyare()AHaploidplantswereobtainedbyantherinvitrocultureBColchicinetreateddiploidseedlingstoobtaintetraploidplantsCArtificialseedsarecultivatedbytissuecultureDThe"tomato-potato"hybridplantwasculturedbysomaticcellhybridization第7題Theresultofsomaticcellhybridizationinplantsis().AProducehybridplantsBProduceshybridcellsCprotoplastfusionDFormationofcallus第8題Ofthefollowingnarrativescloselyrelatedtosomaticcellhybridizationinplants,theerroneousoneis()AInducedbycentrifugation,vibration,electricexcitation,etcBInducedwithreagentssuchaspolyethyleneglycol(PEG).COvercomingtheobstacleofincompatibilitybetweendistanthybridsDRapidpropagationandcultivationofvirus-freeplants第9題Whendesigningplantsomaticcellhybridizationexperiments,ifyouwanttoobtainnewcropvarietieswithexcellenttraits,youusuallydon'tneedtoconsider()AChooseparentswithexcellenttraitsBSelectenzymesthatremovethecellwallCReproductiveisolationbetweenparentsDConcentrationandratioofauxinandcytokinininthemedium第10題TransductionistheprocessbywhichforeignDNAisintroducedintoahostcellandcausesachangeinbiologicaltypeortheacquisitionofanewgeneticphenotypebythehostcell.Test第1題Ionexchangeisamethodofseparationandpurificationbyexchangingchargedsolutemoleculeswith____.正確答案：:Exchangeableionsinanionexchanger第2題Thebiologicalseparationandpurificationtechnologyisbasedonthemulti-componentandlowconcentration()astheresearchobject,andtheseparationunitoperationisthemainlinetoconstructitstheoreticalsystem.ABiomaterialsBChemicalMaterialsCPhysicalMaterialsDInorganicmaterials第3題Theproductpurificationstagerequiresthattheproductrecoveryratebeincreasedasmuchaspossible().AProductcategory:BProductvolumeCProductpurityDProductsize第4題Thepurposeoftheprecipitationmethodis()。AAchievethepurposeofconcentrationthroughprecipitation;BTheprecipitationmethodcanselectivelyprecipitateimpuritiesorselectivelyprecipitatetherequiredcomponentsforpreliminarypurification;CThepurifiedproductisconvertedfromaliquidtoasolidstateforpreservationorfurtherprocessing.DAlloftheabove第5題Thebiologicalseparationandpurificationtechnologyisbasedonthemulti-componentandlowconcentration()astheresearchobject,andtheseparationunitoperationisthemainlinetoconstructitstheoreticalsystem.ABiomaterialsBChemicalMaterialsCPhysicalMaterialsDInorganicmaterials第6題Thepurificationstageoftheproductrequiresthattheproductrecoveryratebeincreasedasmuchaspossible().AProductcategoryBProductvolumeCProductpurityDProductsize第7題Thepurposeoftheprecipitationmethodis().AAchievethepurposeofconcentrationthroughprecipitationBTheprecipitationmethodcanselectivelyprecipitateimpuritiesorselectivelyprecipitatetherequiredcomponentsforpreliminarypurification;CThepurifiedproductisconvertedfromaliquidtoasolidstateforpreservationorfurtherprocessing.DAlloftheabove第8題Featuresofbioseparationandpurificationtechnologiesinclude()ATheconcentrationofthetargetproductislow,andthepurificationisdifficultBThenatureoftheactivesubstanceisunstable,anditiseasytobeinactivatedduringoperationCThenumberofbiochemicalcomponentsinbiomaterialsislarge,andseparationisdifficultDBiomaterialsaresusceptibletodeteriorationanddifficulttopreserveEThequalityofbiologicalproductsisofhighstandard正確答案：ABCDETest第1題Whichofthefollowingisthedetectionmethodfortransgenicplantsatthetranscriptionlevelofthegeneofinterest?()ANortherncrossingBELISAassayCPCRtestDWesternhybridization第2題Whichofthefollowingisthedetectionmethodofexogenousgeneexpressionproteinintransgenicplants?()ANortherncrossingBELISAassayCPCRtestDSouthernhybridization第3題WhichofthefollowingisadrawbackoftheNorthernHybridizationDetectiontechnology?()APronetofalseresultsBLowdetectionoflow-abundancemRNAsincellsCItiseasytohaveproblemssuchastoohighbackgrounda