GMAT寫作真題題庫及參考答案考試時長：120分鐘滿分：100分GMAT寫作真題題庫及參考答案考核對象：準備GMAT考試的考生題型分值分布：-判斷題（10題，每題2分）——總分20分-單選題（10題，每題2分）——總分20分-多選題（10題，每題2分）——總分20分-案例分析（3題，每題6分）——總分18分-論述題（2題，每題11分）——總分22分總分：100分---一、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）1.Theargumentconcludesthatthecityshouldinvestinpublictransportationbecauseitwillreducetrafficcongestion.Thisconclusionislogicallysound.（該論證認為城市應投資公共交通以減少交通擁堵，這一結(jié)論具有邏輯性。）□正確□錯誤2.Ifthepremisesstatethat"moststudentspreferonlinelearning,"itlogicallyfollowsthat"allstudentsdisliketraditionalclassrooms."（如果前提是“大多數(shù)學生更喜歡在線學習”，那么可以邏輯地推斷“所有學生都討厭傳統(tǒng)課堂?！保跽_□錯誤3.Acausalrelationshipbetweentwoeventscanbeestablishedifthereisacorrelationbetweenthem.（如果兩個事件之間存在相關性，就可以建立它們之間的因果關系。）□正確□錯誤4.Theargumentassumesthatincreasingtaxeswillleadtohigherunemployment,whichisareasonableassumption.（該論證假設提高稅收會導致失業(yè)率上升，這是一個合理的假設。）□正確□錯誤5.Ifasamplesizeissmall,theresultsofastudycannotbegeneralizedtothebroaderpopulation.（如果樣本量很小，研究的結(jié)果不能推廣到更廣泛的人群。）□正確□錯誤6.Theargumentusesemotionalappealsratherthanfactualevidencetosupportitsclaim.（該論證使用情感訴求而非事實證據(jù)來支持其主張。）□正確□錯誤7.Awell-structuredargumentmusthaveaclearthesisstatement.（一個結(jié)構(gòu)良好的論證必須有一個明確的主題句。）□正確□錯誤8.Iftheconclusionofanargumentistrue,thenallofitspremisesmustalsobetrue.（如果一個論證的結(jié)論是真實的，那么它的所有前提也必須都是真實的。）□正確□錯誤9.Theuseofstatisticsinanargumentstrengthensitsvalidity.（在論證中使用統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)可以增強其有效性。）□正確□錯誤10.Afallacyisanerrorinreasoningthatunderminesthecredibilityofanargument.（謬誤是一種推理錯誤，它削弱了論證的可信度。）□正確□錯誤---二、單選題（每題2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingisakeycharacteristicofastrongargument?A.EmotionallanguageB.ClearlogicC.PopularityoftheconclusionD.Complexvocabulary（以下哪項是強有力論證的關鍵特征？）□A□B□C□D2.Ina"modusponens"logicalstructure,whichstatementistrue?A.IfP,thenQ.Pisfalse.Therefore,Qisfalse.B.IfP,thenQ.Qistrue.Therefore,Pistrue.C.IfP,thenQ.Pistrue.Therefore,Qisfalse.D.IfP,thenQ.Qisfalse.Therefore,Pisfalse.（在“肯定前件”的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)中，以下哪項陳述為真？）□A□B□C□D3.Whatistheprimarypurposeofa"conclusion"inanargument?A.TointroducenewevidenceB.TosummarizethepremisesC.TostatethemainpointD.Tocriticizeopposingviews（論證中“結(jié)論”的主要目的是什么？）□A□B□C□D4.Whichfallacyinvolvesassumingthatbecausetwoeventsoccurtogether,onemustcausetheother?A.AdhominemB.StrawmanC.CorrelationimpliescausationD.Appealtoauthority（哪種謬誤涉及假設因為兩個事件同時發(fā)生，一個必然導致另一個？）□A□B□C□D5.Whatisthebestwaytostrengthenanargumentwithstatistics?A.UseasmanynumbersaspossibleB.EnsurethedataisrelevantandrecentC.ComparestatisticswithanecdotalevidenceD.Ignoreoutliersinthedata（如何通過統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)增強論證？）□A□B□C□D6.A"thesisstatement"shouldideallybe:A.AquestionB.AlongparagraphC.AclearandconciseclaimD.Alistofsupportingpoints（“主題句”理想情況下應該是？）□A□B□C□D7.Whichofthefollowingisacommonlogicalfallacy?A.CircularreasoningB.BalancedperspectiveC.EmpiricalevidenceD.Logicalconsistency（以下哪項是常見的邏輯謬誤？）□A□B□C□D8.Ina"denyingtheantecedent"fallacy,whichstatementisfalse?A.IfP,thenQ.Pisfalse.Therefore,Qisfalse.B.IfP,thenQ.Qisfalse.Therefore,Pisfalse.C.IfP,thenQ.Pistrue.Therefore,Qistrue.D.IfP,thenQ.Qistrue.Therefore,Pistrue.（在“否定前件”的謬誤中，以下哪項陳述為假？）□A□B□C□D9.Whatistheroleof"evidence"inanargument?A.ToentertaintheaudienceB.TosupporttheclaimC.TodistractfromthemainpointD.Toprovideemotionalappeal（論證中“證據(jù)”的作用是什么？）□A□B□C□D10.A"counterargument"isbestusedto:A.StrengthentheoriginalclaimB.IgnoreopposingviewsC.WeakentheoriginalclaimD.Demonstratebias（“反論證”最好用于？）□A□B□C□D---三、多選題（每題2分，共20分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecommonlogicalfallacies?A.AdhominemB.AppealtoauthorityC.RedherringD.CircularreasoningE.Balancedperspective（以下哪些是常見的邏輯謬誤？）□A□B□C□D□E2.Whatmakesanargument"strong"?A.ClearlogicB.EmotionallanguageC.CredibleevidenceD.ConcisestructureE.Popularityoftheconclusion（以下哪些因素使論證“強有力”？）□A□B□C□D□E3.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofawell-structuredargument?A.ThesisstatementB.PremisesC.ConclusionD.EmotionalappealsE.Counterarguments（以下哪些是結(jié)構(gòu)良好論證的組成部分？）□A□B□C□D□E4.Whatshouldbeavoidedinanargumenttomaintaincredibility?A.CrediblesourcesB.EmotionallanguageC.ClearlogicD.FactualevidenceE.Logicalfallacies（為了保持可信度，以下哪些應該避免？）□A□B□C□D□E5.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesof"evidence"inanargument?A.StatisticsB.AnecdotesC.ExpertopinionsD.PersonalbeliefsE.Scientificstudies（以下哪些是論證中“證據(jù)”的例子？）□A□B□C□D□E6.Whatisthepurposeofa"counterargument"?A.TostrengthentheoriginalclaimB.ToweakentheoriginalclaimC.ToprovideabalancedperspectiveD.TodistractfromthemainpointE.Toentertaintheaudience（“反論證”的目的是什么？）□A□B□C□D□E7.WhichofthefollowingarecommonlogicalfallaciesinGMATarguments?A.StrawmanB.AppealtoemotionC.FalsedilemmaD.CorrelationimpliescausationE.Balancedperspective（以下哪些是GMAT論證中常見的邏輯謬誤？）□A□B□C□D□E8.Whatmakesanargument"convincing"?A.CredibleevidenceB.EmotionallanguageC.ClearlogicD.ConcisestructureE.Popularityoftheconclusion（以下哪些因素使論證“有說服力”？）□A□B□C□D□E9.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofastrongthesisstatement?A.ClearandconciseB.SpecificandarguableC.EmotionalandpersuasiveD.BroadandvagueE.Factualandverifiable（以下哪些是強有力主題句的組成部分？）□A□B□C□D□E10.Whatshouldbeconsideredwhenevaluatingthevalidityofanargument?A.CredibilityofsourcesB.LogicalconsistencyC.EmotionalappealD.RelevanceofevidenceE.Popularityoftheconclusion（評估論證有效性時應考慮哪些因素？）□A□B□C□D□E---四、案例分析（每題6分，共18分）案例1：Acitycouncilisconsideringwhethertobuildanewsportscomplex.Thecouncilmemberinfavorargues,"Buildingasportscomplexwillboosttourismandcreatejobs.Ourcityneedseconomicgrowth,andthisisthebestwaytoachieveit."Opponentsargue,"Themoneycouldbebetterspentoneducationorhealthcare.Sportscomplexesarenotapriority."問題：1.Identifyonelogicalfallacyinthecouncilmember'sargument.（該市議員論證中存在的一個邏輯謬誤是什么？）2.Howcouldtheargumentbestrengthenedwithevidence?（如何通過證據(jù)增強該論證？）案例2：Acompanyisconsideringwhethertoswitchtoaremoteworkmodel.TheCEOargues,"Remoteworkincreasesproductivitybecauseemployeesaremorecomfortableandmotivated.Thiswillsavethecompanymoneyonofficespace."Employeesworryaboutlosingteamcohesionandcompanyculture.問題：1.WhatisthemainassumptionintheCEO'sargument?（CEO論證中的主要假設是什么？）2.Howcouldtheargumentbeimprovedbyaddressingcounterarguments?（如何通過回應反論證來改進該論證？）案例3：Aschoolboardisdecidingwhethertoadoptanewmathcurriculum.Theboardmemberinfavorargues,"Thenewcurriculumisbasedonresearchandwillimprovestudentperformance.Otherschoolshaveseensuccesswithit."Parentsworrythatthenewcurriculumistoodifficult.問題：1.Whatisthekeyevidencesupportingtheboardmember'sargument?（支持市議員論證的關鍵證據(jù)是什么？）2.Howcouldtheargumentbestrengthenedbyaddressingparentalconcerns?（如何通過回應家長擔憂來增強該論證？）---五、論述題（每題11分，共22分）題目1：Somepeoplebelievethatsocialmediaplatformsshouldbemorestrictlyregulatedtoprotectusersfromharmfulcontent.Othersarguethatsuchregulationwouldinfringeonfreespeech.Discussbothsidesoftheissueandprovideyourownposition.（一些人認為社交媒體平臺應更嚴格地監(jiān)管以保護用戶免受有害內(nèi)容的影響。另一些人則認為這種監(jiān)管會侵犯言論自由。討論雙方的觀點，并給出你自己的立場。）題目2：Inmanycountries,thegovernmentisresponsibleforprovidinghealthcaretoitscitizens.However,somearguethataprivatehealthcaresystemwouldbemoreefficientandeffective.Discusstheprosandconsofbothsystemsandprovideyourownrecommendation.（在許多國家，政府負責為其公民提供醫(yī)療保健。然而，一些人認為私有醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)會更高效、更有效。討論兩種系統(tǒng)的利弊，并給出你自己的建議。）---標準答案及解析---一、判斷題1.□錯誤（結(jié)論需要基于前提，但城市投資公共交通未必能直接減少擁堵，需進一步論證。）2.□錯誤（“大多數(shù)”不等于“所有”，不能邏輯推斷。）3.□錯誤（相關性不等于因果關系，需排除其他變量。）4.□正確（這是一個合理的假設，但需證據(jù)支持。）5.□錯誤（小樣本仍可能具有代表性，關鍵在于抽樣方法。）6.□正確（情感訴求不能替代邏輯和證據(jù)。）7.□正確（主題句是論證的核心。）8.□錯誤（結(jié)論為真不代表前提全為真，前提可能部分為假。）9.□正確（統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)增強說服力，但需確保來源可靠。）10.□正確（謬誤是推理錯誤。）---二、單選題1.□B（邏輯性是關鍵。）2.□B（肯定前件：如果P則Q，Q為真，則P為真。）3.□C（結(jié)論是論證的核心。）4.□C（“相關性即因果性”是常見謬誤。）5.□B