考博英語試題及答案

一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Theword"ubiquitous"inthesentence"Technologyhasbecomeubiquitousinmodernsociety"mostnearlymeans:A.rareB.essentialC.widespreadD.expensiveAnswer:C2.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofthepassivevoice?A.Shewroteabook.B.Thebookwaswrittenbyher.C.Theyareplayingfootball.D.Hehaseatendinner.Answer:B3.Inthesentence"Thecommittee,whichmeetseveryTuesday,reviewsthequarterlyreports,"whatisthefunctionoftheclause"whichmeetseveryTuesday"?A.MainclauseB.SubordinateclauseC.AdverbialclauseD.NounclauseAnswer:B4.Theterm"alliteration"isbestdefinedas:A.therepetitionofsimilarsoundsattheendofwordsB.theuseofexaggerationforeffectC.theuseofwordsthathavethesamemeaningD.therepetitionofsimilarsoundsatthebeginningofwordsAnswer:D5.Whatisthecorrectwaytopunctuatethefollowingsentence:"Shelovestoread,painting,andhiking?"A.Shelovestoread,painting,andhiking.B.Shelovestoread,painting,andhiking."C.Shelovestoread,painting,andhiking;D.Shelovestoread,painting,andhiking?"Answer:A6.Theword"myriad"ismostsimilarinmeaningto:A.fewB.severalC.countlessD.rareAnswer:C7.Inthesentence"Despitetherain,theycontinuedtheirjourney,"whatisthefunctionof"Despite"?A.AdverbB.PrepositionC.ConjunctionD.InterjectionAnswer:B8.Theterm"metaphor"isbestdefinedas:A.adirectcomparisonbetweentwounlikethingsB.theuseofwordsthathavethesamemeaningC.therepetitionofsimilarsoundsatthebeginningofwordsD.therepetitionofsimilarsoundsattheendofwordsAnswer:A9.Thecorrectformoftheverbinthesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer"is:A.amB.wasC.wereD.havebeenAnswer:C10.Theword"pithy"ismostsimilarinmeaningto:A.verboseB.conciseC.complexD.lengthyAnswer:B二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共10題）1.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofliterarydevices?A.AlliterationB.SimileC.MetaphorD.AlliterationandsimileAnswer:A,B,C2.Whatarethemaincomponentsofasentence?A.SubjectB.PredicateC.ObjectD.AlloftheaboveAnswer:D3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofaninterrogativesentence?A.Sheisreadingabook.B.Whattimeisit?C.Thecatisonthemat.D.Hewillgotothestore.Answer:B4.Theterm"synonym"isbestdefinedas:A.awordthatmeansthesameasanotherwordB.awordthatmeanstheoppositeofanotherwordC.awordthatissimilarinsoundtoanotherwordD.awordthatisusedinthesamecontextasanotherwordAnswer:A5.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofprepositions?A.inB.onC.atD.AlloftheaboveAnswer:D6.Thecorrectwaytopunctuatethefollowingsentenceis:"Shelovestoread,painting,andhiking."A.Shelovestoread,painting,andhiking.B.Shelovestoread,painting,andhiking."C.Shelovestoread,painting,andhiking;D.Shelovestoread,painting,andhiking?"Answer:A7.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofadjectives?A.happyB.quicklyC.redD.AlloftheaboveAnswer:C8.Theterm"antonym"isbestdefinedas:A.awordthatmeansthesameasanotherwordB.awordthatmeanstheoppositeofanotherwordC.awordthatissimilarinsoundtoanotherwordD.awordthatisusedinthesamecontextasanotherwordAnswer:B9.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofconjunctions?A.andB.butC.orD.AlloftheaboveAnswer:D10.Thecorrectformoftheverbinthesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer"is:A.amB.wasC.wereD.havebeenAnswer:C三、判斷題（每題2分，共10題）1.Theword"ubiquitous"meansrare.2.Thesentence"Thebookwaswrittenbyher"isanexampleoftheactivevoice.3.Theclause"whichmeetseveryTuesday"inthesentence"Thecommittee,whichmeetseveryTuesday,reviewsthequarterlyreports,"isamainclause.4.Theterm"alliteration"referstotherepetitionofsimilarsoundsattheendofwords.5.Theword"myriad"meansfew.6.Inthesentence"Despitetherain,theycontinuedtheirjourney,""Despite"isaconjunction.7.Theterm"metaphor"referstoadirectcomparisonbetweentwounlikethings.8.Thecorrectformoftheverbinthesentence"IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheoffer"is"am."9.Theword"pithy"meansverbose.10.Theterm"synonym"meansawordthatmeanstheoppositeofanotherword.Answer:1.False,2.False,3.False,4.False,5.False,6.False,7.True,8.False,9.False,10.False四、簡答題（每題5分，共4題）1.Whatisthedifferencebetweenasimplesentenceandacompoundsentence?Asimplesentencecontainsoneindependentclauseandnodependentclauses.Itexpressesacompletethought.Acompoundsentencecontainstwoormoreindependentclausesjoinedbyaconjunctionorasemicolon.Eachindependentclausecanstandaloneasasimplesentence.Forexample,"Shelovestoread"isasimplesentence,while"Shelovestoread,andsheenjoyshiking"isacompoundsentence.2.Explainthefunctionofaprepositioninasentence.Aprepositionisawordthatintroducesaprepositionalphraseandshowstherelationshipbetweenthenounorpronouninthephraseandotherpartsofthesentence.Prepositionscanindicatelocation,time,direction,ormanner.Forexample,inthesentence"Thecatisonthemat,""on"isaprepositionthatshowsthelocationofthecatrelativetothemat.3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenasimileandametaphor?Asimileisaliterarydevicethatdirectlycomparestwounlikethingsusingthewords"like"or"as."Forexample,"Sheisasbraveasalion."Ametaphorisaliterarydevicethatindirectlycomparestwounlikethingsbystatingonethingisanother.Forexample,"Sheisalionintheclassroom."Bothareusedtocreatevividimageryandenhancethemeaningofthetext.4.Whatarethemaincomponentsofasentence?Themaincomponentsofasentencearethesubject,predicate,andobject.Thesubjectisthepersonorthingthatperformstheactionorisbeingdescribed.Thepredicatecontainstheverbandprovidesinformationaboutthesubject.Theobjectisthepersonorthingthatreceivestheactionoftheverb.Forexample,inthesentence"Shereadsabook,""She"isthesubject,"reads"istheverb,and"abook"istheobject.五、討論題（每題5分，共4題）1.Discusstheimportanceofunderstandingliterarydevicesinacademicwriting.Understandingliterarydevicesiscrucialinacademicwritingastheyenhancetheclarity,effectiveness,andengagementofthetext.Devicessuchasmetaphors,similes,andalliterationcanmakethewritingmorevividandmemorable.Theyhelpconveycomplexideasinamoreaccessiblemannerandcanmakethetextmoreenjoyableforthereader.Additionally,understandingthesedevicesallowswriterstoanalyzeandappreciatethenuancesoflanguage,whichisessentialforcriticalthinkingandacademicrigor.2.Explainhowtheuseofactiveandpassivevoiceaffectstheclarityandtoneofasentence.Theuseofactiveandpassivevoicesignificantlyaffectstheclarityandtoneofasentence.Activevoicemakesthesentencemoredirectandconcise,asthesubjectperformstheaction.Thismakesthesentencemoreengagingandeasiertounderstand.Forexample,"Theresearchersconductedtheexperiment"ismoredirectthan"Theexperimentwasconductedbytheresearchers."Passivevoice,ontheotherhand,isusefulwhenthefocusisontheactionortheobjectratherthanthesubject.Itcanmakethesentencesoundmoreformalorimpersonal,whichisoftenappropriateinscientificoracademicwriting.3.Discusstheroleofprepositionsindeterminingthemeaningofasentence.Prepositionsplayacrucialroleindeterminingthemeaningofasentencebyestablishingrelationshipsbetweenwordsandphrases.Theyindicatelocation,time,direction,ormanner,andtheircorrectusageisessentialforclarity.Forexample,inthesentence"Thebookisonthetable,""o