第1題ThemainreasonthatmostdrugsabsorbedinthesmallintestineafteroraladministrationisANear

neutral

pHenvironment

ofthesmallintestine,

fast

enterocinesia

and

large

absorptionareBAlkaline

pHenvironment

ofthesmallintestine,

fast

enterocinesia

andlarge

bloodflowCNear

neutralpHenvironment

ofthesmallintestine,

slow

enterocinesia

and

large

absorptionareaDAcid

pHenvironment

ofthesmallintestine,

slow

enterocinesia

and

large

absorptionareaEThepHinsmallintestineissuitablefortheformationofnon-ionizeddrugs第2題Whichisthe

WONG

description

aboutthe

binding

ofdrugwith

plasmaproteinADelaythedistributionofdrugsfrombloodtotissueBAcceleratethebiotransformationofdrugsCKeepdynamicbalancewithfreedrugsDA

formofdrugstorageinthebloodEItisdifficulttogetclosetothetargetandcannotplayapharmacologicalrole第3題Whichadministrationroutethatfirstpasseliminationofdrugsmostlikelytooccur

ASublingualBInhalationCOraladministration

DSubcutaneousEIntraarterialinjection第4題Whichoneofthefollowingroutesofadministrationdoesnothaveanabsorptionphase?

Asubcutaneous

B

intramuscular

C

intravenous

Dsublingual

E

inhalation

第5題Absorption

isthemovementofadrugfromthesiteofadministrationtotheAgastrointestinal

tractBsystemiccirculationCcellDportalveinEactionsite第1題Thecharacteristicsof

hepaticmicrosomalmixedfunctionoxidasesystem

areasfollowsAHighspecificity,limitedactivityandgreatindividualdifferenceBHighspecificity,strongactivityandgreatindividualdifferenceCHighspecificity,limitedactivityandlittleindividualdifferenceDLowspecificity,limitedactivityandgreatindividualdifferenceELowspecificity,highactivityandlittleindividualdifference第2題Inacidicurine，weakaciddrugsAMoredissociation,moreresorptionandslowerexcretionBLessdissociation,moreresorptionandslowexcretionCLessdissociation,lessresorptionandfasterexcretionDMoredissociation,lessresorptionandfasterexcretionELessdissociation,moreresorptionandfasterexcretion第3題Probenecidcanincreasetheefficacyofpenicillin,becauseATheyhavesynergicbactericidalmechanismsBProbenecidcanpromotemetabolismofpenicilliCProbenecidcanpromotetheabsorptionofpenicilliDProbenecidcaninhibitpenicillinaseEProbenecidcompeteswithpenicillinforexcretionintherenaltubules第4題Alkalizationofurinebygivingbicarbonateisusedtotreatpatientspresentingwithpheobaarbital(weakacid)overdose.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherationaleforalkalizationofurineinthissetting?AToreducetubularreabsorptionofphenobarbital.BToreduceionizationofphenobarbital.

CToincreaseglomerularfiltrationofphenobarbital.

DToincreaseproximaltubularsecretion

EToincreasetubularreabsorptionofphenobarbital.HomeworkforPharmacodynamics第1題TherapeuticindexisALD50

/ED50BLD5/ED50CED95/LD5DED50

/LD50ELD1

/ED99第2題Whichiswrong

aboutcompetitiveantagonistAItcompeteswithanagonistforthesamereceptorBHighdosesofanagonistcangenerallyovercomeantagonistChasnointrinsicactivity(α=0)Dhasaffinity

EShiftthedose-responsecurveofagonistsparalleltotheleft正確答案：E第3題Variationinthesensitivityofapopulationofindividualstoincreasingdosesofadrugisbestdeterminedbywhichofthefollowing?AEfficacyBPotencyCTherapeuticindexDGradeddose–responsecurveEQuantaldose–responsecurve正確答案：EHomeworkfortheeffectsofpilocarpineoneyes第1題Pilocarpine

inducesmiosisbecauseitcanAActivatetheαreceptorofirisdilatorandrelax

it

B

ActivateMreceptorofiris

sphincterandcontract

itCActivatetheαreceptorofirisdilator

andcontract

itDBlockMreceptoroniris

sphincter

andcontractitEBlocktheMreceptorofiris

sphincterandrelaxit第2題Whichofthefollowingdurgiscommonlyusedfortreatingacuteangle-closureglaucomaAPilocarpineBAtropineCNicotine

DAcetylcholineESuccinylcholine第3題TheeffectsofpilocarpineontheeyesincludeAMiosis,decreasedintraocularpressure,cycloplegiaBMiosis,increasedintraocularpressure,cyclospasmCMiosis,decreasedintraocularpressure,cyclospasmDMydriasis,decreasedintraocularpressure,cycloplegiaEMydriasis,increasedintraocularpressure,cycloplegia第4題Pilocarpineactivates

MreceptoronthecircularfiberofciliarymuscleandresultsinABlurredvisionBContractionofsuspensoryligamentCCycloplegiaDCiliarymusclecontractstotheperipheryofthepupilERemoteobjectsfocusingonretinaHomeworkforAtropine第1題Whatisthemechanismofactionofatropine?ACox2inhibitorBAcetylcholinereceptoragonistCAcetylcholinereceptorantagonistDOrganophosphateagonist第2題Whichdrugisusefulintreatingsinusbradycardia?AAtropineBCisatracuriumCNeostigmineDSuccinylcholine第3題

Whichofthefollowingisnotasideeffectofthe

atropine?ADrymouth

BMiosis

CMydriasisDConstipation第4題Whatdrugclassbestdescribesatropine?AAnticholinergicBAdrenergicagonistCSympathomimeticDAntiplatelet第5題Whichofthefollowingisacontraindicationforatropine?AAtrialflutterBBradycardiaCGIbleedingDAgelessthan13yearsoldHomeworkforAdrenaline第1題Whatdrugclassbestdescribesepinephrine?AVagusnervesuppressantBSympatheticagonistCAcetylcholinereceptorantagonistDParasympatheticagonis第2題Whatisthemechanismofactionofepinephrine?ASinusnodeinhibitorBSympatheticdepressantCSelectivemuscarinicantagonistDalpha&betaAdrenergicreceptoragonist第3題Whichofthefollowingisanindicationforepinephrineadministration?AHypertensionBEpiglottitisCSupraventriculartachycardiaDModerateallergicreaction第4題Whataresomecommonsideeffectsofepinephrine?ADrymouth,bradycardia

B

Vomiting,diarrhea

CHypotension

DTachydysrhythmias,nervousness第5題Whichofthefollowingisacontraindicationforepinephrine?ABradydysrhythmiasBHypersensitivitytoatropineC

HypertensionDNeonateHomeworkforAnti-ParkinsonEffectsofLevodopa第1題WhichofthefollowingisthemechanismoflevodopaintreatingParkinson'sdisease?AIncreasingdopamineinthebrain.BBlockingthecentralcholinergicreceptors.CBlockingthecentraldopaminereceptors.DDirectlyactivatingthecentraldopaminereceptors.EInhibitingtheperipheraldopaminedecarboxylase.第2題WhichofthefollowingisthemechanismofcarbidopaintreatingParkinson'sdisease?AActivatingthecentraldopaminereceptors.BInhibitingtheperipheraldopaminedecarboxylase.CBlockingthecentraldopaminereceptors.

D

Inhibitingthereuptakeofdopamine.E

Promotingthereleaseofdopamine.第3題Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutcarbidopais

false?AItdoesnoteasilycrosstheblood-brainbarrier.BItisaperipheraldopaminedecarboxylaseinhibitor.C

Itcanenhancetheefficacyoflevodopa.

DItcanreducetheperipheraladverseeffectsoflevodopa.EItcanbeadministeredalonetotreatParkinson'sdisease.正確答案：E第4題Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalse

regardingthetreatmentofParkinson'sdiseasewithlevodopa?AItdoesnotarrestorreversetheneuronaldegenerationcausedbyParkinson'sdisease.BAfteradministration,musclerigidityandbradykinesiasymptomsarethefirsttoimprove.

CAfteradministration,thealleviationoftremorsoccursrelativelyslowly.

DAstimeprogresses,

its

effectivenessgraduallydeclines.EIt

iseffectiveintreatingparkinsonismcausedby

chlorpromazine正確答案：EHomeworkforSedative-HypnoticDrugs第1題Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesflumazenil?AdoesnotproducewithdrawalseizuresBhasthelongesteliminationhalf-lifeCisnotmetabolizedintoanactiveagentDisalsousedforthetreatmentofepilepsyEisaselectivebenzodiazepineantagonist正確答案：E第2題Benzodiazepinesarenotedforalteringwhichoneofthefollowingaspectsofsleep?AincreasingthetimetosleeponsetBdecreasingstage2NREMsleepCincreasingslow-wavesleepDdecreasingtheREMstageofsleepEincreasingsleepawakenings第3題Whichofthefollowingmolecularprocessesbestdescribesthemechanismofactionofbenzodiazepines?ApotentiatingtheeffectofGABAatchlorideionchannelsBblockingglutamateexcitationCblockingtheinactivationofsodiumionchannelsDbindingtoopioidreceptorstoproducesedationEpotentiatingtheactionoftheinhibitoryaminoacid,glycineHomeworkforTheeffectoftheNonsteroidalAnti-inflammatoryDrugAspirin第1題An8-year-oldgirlhasafeverandmuscleachesfromapresumptiveviralinfection.Whichoneofthefollowingdrugswouldbemostappropriatetotreathersymptoms?AAcetaminophen.BAspirin.CCelecoxib.DCodeine.EIndomethacin.第2題WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsconcerningCOX-2inhibitorsiscorrect?ATheCOX-2inhibitorsshowgreateranalgesicactivitythantraditionalNSAIDs.BTheCOX-2inhibitorsdecreaseplateletfunction.CTheCOX-2inhibitorsdonotaffectthekidney.DTheCOX-2inhibitorsshowanti-inflammatoryactivitysimilartothatofthetraditionalNSAIDs.ETheCOX-2inhibitorsarecardioprotective.第3題Inwhichoneofthefollowingconditionswouldaspirinbecontraindicated?AMyalgia.BFever.CPepticulcer.DRheumatoidarthritis.EUnstableangina.HomeworkforTheeffectofopioidanalgesicmorphine第1題Whichofthefollowingstatementisfalseaboutopioidanalgesics？A

IthasnoeffectonbreathingBItsanalgesiceffectispowerful,butrepeatedusecaneasilyleadtoaddictionCItisalsoknownasnarcoticanalgesicsDItrelievespainandkeepsthepatientconsciousEItsanalgesiceffectisrelatedtotheactivationofopioidreceptors第2題Whichofthefollowingpharmacologicaleffectthatmorphinedoesnothave?AConstipationBRespiratorydepressionCNausea

DDiarrheaEPosturalhypotension第3題Thecentralnervoussystem

effectofmorphineincludeAAnalgesia,sedation,mydriasis,respiratorydepressionBAnalgesia,sedation,mydriasis,respiratoryexcitationCAnalgesia,sedation,constrictionofpupil,respiratoryexcitationDAnalgesia,sedation,constrictionofpupil,respiratorydepressionE

Analgesia,irritability,mydriasis,respiratorydepression第4題Morphine

caninducethefollowing

acutetoxicity

exceptAExtremeconstrictionofthepupil

BRespiratorydepthdepressionCBloodpressuredrops

DStunEConvulsion正確答案：EHomeworkforAgentsactingonRAS第1題AbouttheformationofangiotensinII,whichofthefollowingiswrongAActiverenincleaves

angiotensinogen

toform

angiotensinIBACE

isdistributedwidelyinthebody,but

primarilyinthepulmonarycirculationCangiotensinI

istheonlysubstrateofACEDangiotensinI

isconvertedtoangiotensinII

byACEEACEstandsforangiotensin-convertingenzyme第2題AbouttheangiotensinIIreceptors,whichofthefollowingiswrongAtherearetwodistinctsubtypesofangiotensinIIreceptors,alpha1andalpha2B

allsubtypes

ofangiotensinIIreceptors

areGprotein-coupled

receptorsCAT1

receptorspredominateinvascularsmoothmuscleDmostoftheknownactionsofangiotensinIIaremediatedbytheAT1

receptorEstimulationofAT2

receptorscausesvasodilation第3題WhichofthefollowingiswrongAangiotensinII

mayleadtoincreasedbloodpressure

becauseitmakes

vasoconstrictionBangiotensinII

stimulates

theadrenalcortextorelease

aldosteroneCangiotensinII

stimulates

sympatheticactivity,leading

toincreasingcardiacoutputDangiotensinIIplays

akeyroleintheregulationofarterialbloodpressureEangiotensinII

isderivedfrombradykinin

byenzymatic

cleavage

ofkininase正確答案：E第4題WhichofthefollowingagentsexertsitseffortsthroughinhibitingRAASAcalciumchannelblockersBangiotensinreceptorblockers(ARB)CdiureticsDbetaadrenergic

receptorblockersEalphaadrenergic

receptorblockers第5題AldosteroneAreleasedfromadrenalmedullaBreleasingofaldosterone

isstimulatedbyangiotensinICdecreases

sodiumreabsorptionintherenalDisa"water-holding"moleculeEleads

todecreasedbloodpressureHomeworkforantihypertensiondrugs第1題ThedrugsthatshouldnotbeusedinhypertensivepatientswithbronchialasthmaareAPropranololBNifedipineCHydrochlorothiazideDFurosemideEReserpine第2題PropranololisanantihypertensiveagentthatactsbyAblockingb-adrenergicreceptorsBpreventingconversionofangiotensinogentoangiotensinCstimulatinga-adrenergicreceptors

inthecentralnervoussystemDdirectlydilatingarteriolarsmooth

muscleEproducingcatecholaminedepletion

atpostganglionicsympathetic

nerveendings第3題Thedrugofchoiceforthetreatmentofalife-threateninghypertensivecrisisisAChlorothiazideBSodiumnitroprussideCGuanethidineDMethyldopaEReserpine第4題Themechanismofthiazidediureticsreducingbloodpressureis

AIncreaseglomerularfiltrationrateBInhibitionofcarbonicanhydraseinproximalconvolutedtubulesandreducetheexchangeofH＋-Na＋C

InhibitionofNa＋-K＋-Cl－cotransportersinthemedullaofthethicksegmentoftheascendingbranchoftheloopDInhibitionofNa＋-Cl－cotransporterinproximaldistalconvolutedtubuleE

InhibitionofK＋-Na＋

exchangeindistalconvolutedtubules4.Homework-HowNITROGLYCERINagainstANGINAPECTORIS第1題AboutNitroglycerine,afrequentlyusedcardiovasculardrug,whichofthefollowingstatementsisincorrect?AcancauseadversereactionsofheadacheandtachycardiaBundergoessignificantfirst-passbiotransformationCisusedforcongestiveheartfailureintravenouslyDincreasestotalcoronarybloodflowEvasodilationeffecthasnorelationofnitricoxide正確答案：E第2題Whichofthefollowingdrugsisconsideredtobemosteffectiveinrelievingandpreventingischemicepisodesinpatientswithstableangina?APropranololBNitroglycerineCSodiumnitroprussideDNifedipineEIsorbidedinitrateHomework第1題A60-year-oldmanisdiagnosedwithdeep-veinthrombosis.Thepatientwastreatedwithabolusofheparin,andaheparindripwasstarted.Onehourlater,hewasbleedingprofuselyfromtheintravenoussite.Theheparintherapywassuspended,butthebleedingcontinued.Protaminewasadministeredintravenously,andthebleedingresolved.Theprotamine:

ADegradedtheheparinBInactivatesantithrombinCIonicallycombineswithheparin.DActivatesthecoagulationcascadeHomeworkforOralAnticoagulants第1題WhichstatementbelowBESTdescribeshowDabigatranworksasananticoagulant?AFactorXainhibitorsB

VitaminKantagonistsC

IndirectthrombininhibitorsDDirectthrombininhibitors第2題WhichstatementbelowBESTdescribeshowRivaroxabanworksasananticoagulant?AFactorXainhibitorsBVitaminKantagonistsCIndirectthrombininhibitorsDDirectthrombininhibitors第3題WhichstatementbelowBESTdescribeshowwarfarinworksasananticoagulant?AFactorXainhibitorsBVitaminKantagonistsCIndirectthrombininhibitorsDDirectthrombininhibitors第4題WhichisnotaDOACs？ARivaroxabanBDabigatranCwarfarinDEdoxabanHomeworkforGlucocorticoids第1題ThecontraindicationofglucocorticoidsisAAarthritisBIritisCDermatomyositisDEpidemicparotitisEPepticulcer正確答案：E第2題Allofthefollowingstatementaboutglucocorticoidsaretrue

EXCEPTAInhibitingboththeearlyandthelatemanifestationofinflammationBAffectingalltypesofinflammatoryreactionsCDecreasingthenumberofneutrophilsDInhibitingthereleaseofarachidonicacidEInhibitingthegranulationtissueformation第3題Whichofthefollowingsymptomsisawithdrawalsyndromeofglucocorticoids?AInductionandaggravationofinfections

BReboundphenomenonCCentralobesityDHypertensionEOsteoporosis

第4題AllofthefollowingareindicationsofglucocorticoidsEXCEPT

ARheumaticarthritis

BBronchialasthma

CPepticulcer

DEndotoxicshock

EChildhoodacuteleukemiaHomeworkforβ-Lactam第1題

Whichofthefollowing

antimicrobialskillsbacteriabyactingonpenicillin-bindingproteins(PBPs)ontheplasmamembraneAPenicillinBAmphotericinBCErythromycinDQuinolonesETrimethoprim第2題BywhatmechanismdoespenicillinGdevelopresistancetobacteriaA

Producing

β-lactamaseBProducingpassivatingenzymes

CChanging

thepermeabilityofbacterialcytoplasmicmembraneDChangingthestructureoftargetsite

EIngcreasingtheconcentrationofantagonisticsubstrate

第3題Whichofthefollowingantibioticsdoes

notbelongtotheβ-lactamantibioticsAPenicillin

BCephalosporinsCVancomycinDcephalomycinECarbapenicillium第4題Whichof

thefollowing

antimicrobialsdoesnotactbyinhibitingbacterialcellwallsynthesisAPenicillinBBacitracinCCephalosporinsDVancomycinERifampicin正確答案：EHomeworkforAminoglycosides第1題ThemainantibacterialmechanismofaminoglycosideantibioticsisAInhibitingbacterialcellwallsynthesisBInhibitingbacterialproteinsynthesisC

InhibitingbacterialDNAsynthesisDInhibitingbacterialRNAsynthesisEInhibitingbacterialfolatemetabolism第2題Whichofthefollowingis

incorrectabouttheinvivoprocessofaminoglycosideantibioticsAMainlydistributedinextracellularfluidBNoteasilyabsorbedbyoraladministrationCLowdrugconcentrationincerebrospinalfluidDThedrugconcentrationintheinnerlymphaticfluidisrelativelyhighEAsmallportionisexcretedfromthekidneys,whilethemajorityismetabolizedintheliver正確答案：E第3題ThemainmechanismofaminoglycosideantibioticscausingneuromuscularblockadeisACentralinhibitionBBlocktheNmreceptorCInhibitingthereleaseofacetylcholinefromnerveendingsDInhibitionofacetylcholinesynthesisEActivatecholinesteraseHomeworkforTetracyclines&Chloramphenicol第1題

ThemainantibacterialmechanismoftetracyclineantibioticsisAInhibitingthesynthesisofbacterialcellwallsBInhibitingthesynthes